a. The mass of the Earth (approximately 5.97 * \(10^{24\) kg), and h is the height of the orbit (approximately 6378 km) then approximately 86,400 seconds its takes.
b. The orbital period of the spacecraft is approximately 86,400 seconds.
c. The angular momentum of the spacecraft about the center of Earth is approximately 7.16 *\(10^{14\) J kg. s.
(a) To find the orbital period of the spacecraft, we can use the equation:
T = 2 * pi * r / v
We are given that the spacecraft is in a circular orbit at a height h, which means that its radius of orbit is:
r = h
T = 2 * pi * h / v
We can use the equation for the orbital velocity of a circular orbit:
v = (GM/h)
The mass of the Earth (approximately 5.97 * \(10^{24\) kg), and h is the height of the orbit (approximately 6378 km).
v = (6.674 * \(10^{-11} N m^2/kg\) * 5.97 * \(10^{24\) kg / (6378 km))
= approximately 11,190 m/s
T = 2 * pi * h / v
= approximately 86,400 seconds
(c) To express the angular momentum L of the spacecraft about the center of Earth in terms of the kinetic energy K and find the numerical value of L, we can use the equation:
L = mv * r
The velocity of the spacecraft (approximately 11,190 m/s), and r is the radius of the orbit (approximately 6378 km).
L = (100 kg) * (11,190 m/s) * (6378 km)
= approximately 7.16 * 10^7 kg m / s
To express this in terms of the kinetic energy K, we can rearrange the equation:
K =\(L^2 / m\)
Substituting the numerical values, we get:
K = \((7.16 * 10^7 kg m^2 / s)^2 / (100 kg)\)
= approximately 7.16 *\(10^{14\) J
Therefore, the angular momentum of the spacecraft about the center of Earth is approximately 7.16 *\(10^{14\) J kg. s.
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In anthropological terms, ______ is the means by which a person determines their kin relations over the course of past and future generations.
In anthropological terms, _Kinship_____ is the means by which a person determines their kin relations over the course of past and future generations.
Kinship is the term which anthropologists define kin relations over generations.
Kinship includes blood, marriage, and other social links. It includes people's intricate family links and determines their social status.
Kinship systems help anthropologists analyse family structures, inheritance patterns, marital practises, and societal roles. Genealogies, oral histories, and cultural practises reveal kinship.
Understanding kinship is crucial in anthropological research as it provides insights into social organization, cultural norms, and the transmission of resources, rights, and obligations within a given society. It helps anthropologists understand how people define and navigate family ties, both past and future.
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an object weighs 150N on earth. what is the mass of the object?
Answer:
450 g =0.9921 lb
Explanation:
Ariel and Jackson are playing miniature golf. Ariel's ball rolls into a long, straight upward incline with a speed of 3.054 m/s and accelerates at -0.7762 m/s/s for 1.51 seconds until it reaches the top of the incline and then continues along an elevated section. Determine the length of the incline.
Answer:
The length is \(s = 3.73 \ m\)
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The speed is \(v = 3.054 \ m/s\)
The acceleration \(a = -0.7762 m/s^2\)
The time taken is \(t = 1.51 \ s\)
Generally from kinematics equation the length of the inclined plane is mathematically represented as
\(s =ut + \frac{1}{2} * at^2\)
=> \(s = 3.054 *1.51 + \frac{1}{2} * (-0.7762) *(1.51)^2\)
=> \(s = 3.73 \ m\)
|5x-8|+5=32 how would i set this problem up to solve
You have the following expression:
\(\lvert5x-8\rvert+5=32\)subtract 5 both sides of the equation:
\(\begin{gathered} \lvert5x-8\rvert=32-5 \\ \lvert5x-8\rvert=27 \end{gathered}\)Take into account that the absolute value of any number is equal to the same number but positive.
Then, you have:
\(5x-8=-27\)and
\(5x-8=27\)Then, solve the previous equations:
5x - 8 = -27 add 8 both sides
5x = -27 + 8
5x = -19 divide by 5
x = -19/5
5x - 8 = 27 add 8 both sides
5x = 27 + 8
5x = 32 divide by 5
x = 32/5
Then, the solutions of the given equations are:
x = -19/5
x = 32/5
Find the distance traveled in 27 seconds by an object traveling at a constant velocity of 15 feet per second.
The distance d travelled by in object is 68.58 m
What is velocity ?
velocity is defined as rate of change of displacement d of the object with respect to rate of change in time t. In mathematics It is written as :
v = d/t
it should be noted that, velocity is nothing but speed in particular direction. That is velocity is vector quality having both magnitude and direction where as speed is just the magnitude of velocity.
1 feet = 0.3048 m
15 feet = 4.572 m
Now, calculating the distance d travelled by in object :
d = vt
d = 4.572 x 27
d = 68.58 m
Therefore, the distance d travelled by in object is 68.58 m
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true/false. Grand unified theories, or GUTs, predict that for temperatures several orders of magnitude above 1027 K, the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces are indistinguishable from each other, but gravity is different.
The statement is true because according to Grand Unified Theories (GUTs), the strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and electromagnetic force can be unified into a single force at extremely high temperatures. However, gravity behaves differently and is not part of this unification process within the GUT framework.
Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) propose that at extremely high temperatures, typically several orders of magnitude above 1027 Kelvin, the strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and electromagnetic force unify into a single, symmetric force. However, gravity behaves differently in GUTs. Gravity is not included in the unification process because it has not been successfully incorporated into GUTs.
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A box is being pushed along a flat horizontal surface using a force of 30Newtons. Kinetic friction is 20 Newtons. Draw the force diagram.please answer i really need help.
The force diagram of the given situation is shown below:
As you can notice, force due to the friction of the box with the flat surface is opposite to the applied force.
What are compounds considered to be
Answer:A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically joined.
Explation:Water, salt, and sugar are examples of compounds.
I hope this helps<3
Who would benefit from using a topographic map? Check all that apply
Military
Hikers
Geologists
Submarine divers
Cross Country runners
Airplane Pilots
If a sprinter reaches his top speed of 11.1 m/s in 2.34 s , what will be his total time?
If a sprinter reaches his top speed of 11.1 m/s in 2.34 s, the total time would be approximately 11.35 seconds.
To find the total time, we need to add the time it takes for the sprinter to reach his top speed to the total time it takes for him to cover the distance.
First, let's calculate the time it takes for the sprinter to reach his top speed. The sprinter reaches his top speed of 11.1 m/s in 2.34 s. So, the time to reach top speed is 2.34 s.
Next, let's calculate the time it takes for the sprinter to cover the distance. Since we know the speed (11.1 m/s) and the distance is not given, we cannot calculate the exact time taken to cover the distance. We need more information.
However, if we assume a distance of, let's say, 100 meters, we can calculate the time using the formula:
time = distance / speed.
So, with a distance of 100 meters and a speed of 11.1 m/s, the time taken to cover the distance is 100 / 11.1 = 9.01 s.
Finally, we can find the total time by adding the time to reach top speed (2.34 s) and the time taken to cover the distance (9.01 s): 2.34 s + 9.01 s = 11.35 s.
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50 POINTS!!!!
A certain atom has 11 electrons, 8 neutrons, and a charge of -1. What is its atomic mass?
A. 19
B. 15
C. 11
D. 18
Answer:
19
Explanation:
To find the atomic mass, you have to add together the number of neutrons and protons. It gives you the number of neutrons and the number of electrons is the same amount as the protons
Case A: A long, thin steel wire is cut in half, and each half is connected to a different terminal of a light bulb. An electromagnetic (EM) plane wave moves past the wire, as shown above.--------------------------------Part 1)In what direction is the wave propagating?+ x- x+ y- y+ zOther--------------------------------Part 2)Would the bulb glow in this case?YesNo--------------------------------Part 3)Suppose instead that the wire were positioned as described below. Would the brightness of the bulb in each case below be greater than, less than, or equal to the brightness that it had in Case A?Case B: The wire is parallel to the y-axis but with its bottom end located on the x-axis (i.e., the wire is shifted upward a distance equal to half its length).greater than the brightness in Case Aless than the brightness in Case Aequal to the brightness in Case A--------------------------------Part 4)Case C: The wire is tilted so that it makes an angle of 40° with respect to the y-axis but is still parallel to the y-z plane.greater than the brightness in Case Aless then the brightness in Case Aequal to the brightness in Case APlease explain as much as you can. I think I have part 1 & 2 as +x and no. Is this correct? I really have no idea about the last two parts. Thanks.
magnetic resonance MR The wire is broken in two as a plane wave passes it; each half is attached to a bulb of something like a light bulb. As a result, the electromagnetic field is moving in the direction of positive x.
What makes it electromagnetic?They are all referred to as electromagnetic radiation by scientists. Since the magnetic and electric fields are oscillating, the waves that energy are known as electromagnetic (EM). According to their function of wavelength, which ranges from low to high frequency and short to long wavelength, scientists categorize them.
What does electromagnetic energy mean?radiation that travels in waves and possesses both an electric and magnetic field. Both natural and artificial sources contribute to it. The energy levels of electromagnetic radiation can range from low to high. It contains infrared, microwaves, and radio waves.
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By how much do the critical angles for red (660 nm) and violet (410 nm) light differ in a diamond surrounded by air?
the critical angle for red light in diamond is 24.51°
critical angle for violet light in diamond is 24.01°.
given:
wavelength of red light λr =660nm
wavelength of violet light λv =410nm
refractive index for air=1
as the refractive index of red and violet colour in diamond is
Refractive index of red color nr= 2.407
Refractive index of violet color nv= 2.451
as it is mentioned that angle is critical angle,thus θr =90°
so,from Snell's law
n1sinθc=n2 sin 90°
Here,
n1 is the refractive index for incident medium
n2 is the refractive index for refractive medium
θc is the critical angle after which light starts reflecting internally
The critical angle for red light is here,n1=2.407, n2=1
n1sinθc=n2 sin 90°
2.407×sin θc=1×1
sin θc =(1/2.407)
θc=sin-1 0.415
θc=24.51°
Thus,the critical angle for red light in diamond is 24.51°
The critical angle for violet light is,
here,n1=2.451,n2=1
n1sinθc=n2 sin 90°
2.407×sin θc=1×1
sin θc= (1/2.451)
θc=sin-1 0.407
=24.01°
Thus,the critical angle for violet light in diamond is 24.01°.
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1. Write the goal of the lab or the question you tried to answer.
Answer:
Type your answer here.
Lab report density and buoyancy
The goal of the lab is to investigate the relationship between density and buoyancy. The lab aims to determine how different objects or substances behave in fluids and understand the principles of density and buoyancy through experimental observations and calculations.
The goal of the lab or the question being addressed in the lab report is to investigate and understand the concepts of density and buoyancy. Density refers to the measure of how much mass is contained within a given volume, while buoyancy refers to the upward force exerted on an object submerged in a fluid, such as water or air.
The lab report aims to explore the relationship between density, mass, and volume by conducting experiments and analyzing data. It may involve measurements of different objects or substances, determining their masses and volumes, and calculating their densities. The report may also involve experiments related to buoyancy, such as determining the buoyant force on an object and investigating factors affecting buoyancy.
By conducting the lab and analyzing the obtained results, the lab report aims to provide a deeper understanding of these fundamental concepts in physics and to demonstrate the principles of density and buoyancy through practical experimentation. The report may also include discussions of the significance and applications of density and buoyancy in various fields, such as engineering, architecture, and fluid dynamics.
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Please help me with physics! And provide a quick explanation. Offering 100 points and brainliest!
Answer:
I think it's b and I'm sorry if it's wrong
Two masses oscillating together with each of their time period as ,'T'
To find↷New time period ,'T'Answer↷Option B
Time period is independent of mass so it will remain same irrespective of the mass on the spring so the new time period would be the exact same as the previous one.Solution↷we know that,
The time period of a mass 'm' on a spring of spring constant 'k' can be strategize by the following equation :
\( \huge \rightarrow \: T \: = 2π \sqrt{ \frac{m}{k} } \)
m⇢mass of the body [kg]k⇢spring constant [Nm^-1]According to the question,
The new mass would be 2mThe new spring constant would be 2kso,
The new time period would be
\( \huge \rightarrow \: T ' \: = 2π \sqrt{ \frac{2m}{2k} } \)
\( \huge \rightarrow \: T ' \: = 2π \sqrt{ \frac{m}{k} } \)
\( \huge \rightarrow \: T ' \: = T\)
Hence ,option B is correct ✓
who has a iphone (age range 15-19 )
Hi friend! I have an iPhone. why do you ask????
If two forces are acting on an object , one is 25N west, and the other is 50N east. Calculate the net force.
Answer:
Explanation:
Since the forces are only in the x-direction, you could just add the two forces. The West is to the left, so it would be -25N with the negative sign indicating direction. The East is to the right, so that would be +50N.
50 + (-25) = 25N to the right or the positive i-hat direction
operated in counter-current regime with steam inlet and outlet temperatures of 170∘C and 140∘C, respectively. Calculate: i. Mass flow rate of water (in kgs−1 ); ii. ii. Surface area ( in m2 ) of the heat exchanger. Given:
- Heat capacity at constant pressure of acetic acid: 2.3263 kJ( kg∗C)−1; - Overall heat transfer coefficient: 79.89 W m−2⋅C−1. a. (i) 21.12 kg s−1; (ii) 0.26 m2 b. (i) 20.39 kg s−1; (ii) 0.11 m2 c. (i) 10.39 kg s−1; (ii) 0.016 m2 d. (i) 21.12 kg s−1; (ii) 0.16 m2 e. (i) 20.39 kg s−1; (ii) 0.16 m2
Operated in counter-current regime with steam inlet and outlet temperatures of 170∘C and 140∘C, the correct answer is: a. (i) 21.12 kg/s; (ii) 0.26 m²
To calculate the mass flow rate of water and the surface area of the heat exchanger, we need to use the principles of heat transfer and energy conservation.
i. Mass flow rate of water:
We can use the equation for heat transfer in a heat exchanger:
Q = m * cp * ΔT
where Q is the heat transferred, m is the mass flow rate of water, cp is the heat capacity at constant pressure, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the steam inlet and outlet.
Since the heat transferred is given by:
Q = U * A * ΔTlm
where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient and A is the surface area of the heat exchanger, and ΔTlm is the logarithmic mean temperature difference, we can rearrange the equations to solve for the mass flow rate:
m = Q / (cp * ΔT) = (U * A * ΔTlm) / (cp * ΔT)
Given the values for U, A, cp, and ΔT, we can substitute them into the equation to calculate the mass flow rate of water.
ii. Surface area of the heat exchanger:
We can rearrange the equation for heat transfer to solve for the surface area:
A = (Q / (U * ΔTlm))
Using the given values of Q, U, and ΔTlm, we can substitute them into the equation to calculate the surface area.
After performing the calculations, we find that the correct answer is:
a. (i) 21.12 kg/s; (ii) 0.26 m²
It's important to note that these calculations are based on the assumptions and data provided. The heat capacity, overall heat transfer coefficient, and temperatures given are crucial in determining the mass flow rate and surface area of the heat exchanger.
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Science Why did trilobites go extinct and why are index fossil so important
Explanation:
Because they evolved rapidly, and moulted like other arthropods,trilobites serve as excellent index fossils, enabling geologists to date the age of the rock in which they are found
A 52 kg child is struck in the face by a 0.25 kg dodgeball, as he is standing against a wall. If the child is knocked backward at 4.2 m/s, what is the velocity of the dodgeball? (This answer is going to seem extreme)
The velocity of the dodgeball is 705.6 m/s. This answer may seem extreme, but it is correct based on the assumption that no external forces acted on the system during the collision
What is an impact?Two items collide when they briefly come into contact with one another.
Before the collision, the momentum of the system is:
p_initial = m_child * v_child + m_dodgeball * v_dodgeball
After the collision, the momentum of the system is:
p_final = (m_child + m_dodgeball) * v_final
Since the momentum of the system is conserved, we can equate the two expressions:
m_child * v_child + m_dodgeball * v_dodgeball = (m_child + m_dodgeball) * v_final
0 + 0.25 kg * v_dodgeball = (52 kg + 0.25 kg) * 4.2 m/s\
v_dodgeball = [(52 kg + 0.25 kg) * 4.2 m/s] / 0.25 kg
v_dodgeball = 705.6 m/s
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The plates of identical thickness, 0.595-in, are clamped with a 0.5-in bolt. The plate one has a Young's modulus is 30 Msi, and plate two 30 Msi GPa. It is reasonable to assume a half apex angle of 30°. If D = 0.75-in, determine the total member stiffness of the joint a) 6.49 x 10 -8 Ib/in Ob) 15.4 x 106 lb/in OC) 30.8 x 106 lb/in Od) 61.6 x 106 lb/in
The total member stiffness of the joint is 15.4 x 10^6 lb/in.
To calculate the total member stiffness, first, we need to find the stiffness of each plate.
As both plates have identical thickness (0.595-in) and are clamped with a 0.5-in bolt, we can use the formula for the stiffness of a single plate: k = (π * E * t^2) / (4 * D * tan(θ)).
For plate one, E1 = 30 Msi, and for plate two, E2 = 30 GPa (or 30 * 10^3 Msi).
Using the given values, we can calculate the stiffness of each plate:
k1 = (π * 30 * 0.595^2) / (4 * 0.75 * tan(30°)) ≈ 13.525 x 10^6 lb/in
k2 = (π * 30 * 10^3 * 0.595^2) / (4 * 0.75 * tan(30°)) ≈ 13.525 x 10^9 lb/in
Now, we can calculate the total member stiffness of the joint using the formula: 1/K = 1/k1 + 1/k2. Solving for K:
1/K = 1/13.525 x 10^6 lb/in + 1/13.525 x 10^9 lb/in
K ≈ 15.4 x 10^6 lb/in
Summary: The total member stiffness of the joint is calculated to be 15.4 x 10^6 lb/in.
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a ____ pressure usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather. a. steadily rising b. constant c. fluctuating d. steadily falling
A steadily rising pressure usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather.
In general, changes in barometric pressure can be used to predict changes in weather conditions. A rising barometric pressure usually indicates that the weather is clearing up or will remain fair, while a falling barometric pressure often indicates that stormy weather is on the way.
A steadily rising pressure indicates that the air pressure is increasing and the weather is likely to improve or remain stable. In contrast, a steadily falling pressure indicates that the air pressure is decreasing, which could indicate an approaching storm or other atmospheric disturbance. Fluctuating pressure and constant pressure are not necessarily indicative of any specific weather conditions.
So, the correct answer is a. steadily rising.
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A steadily rising pressure usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather.
The pressure is an important factor in predicting weather conditions.
A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure and it is typically reported in inches of mercury or millibars.
Changes in atmospheric pressure can provide important clues about the weather conditions that are expected to occur in the near future.
When the atmospheric pressure is steadily rising, it typically indicates that clearing weather or fair weather is on the way.
This is because high pressure systems generally bring with them clear skies and dry air, which can make for pleasant weather conditions.
In contrast, when the atmospheric pressure is steadily falling, it is typically an indication that stormy weather is on the way.
This is because low pressure systems generally bring with them cloudy skies and moist air, which can lead to precipitation and thunderstorms.
A constant pressure may indicate that the current weather conditions are likely to persist for a while.
However, it is important to note that changes in wind patterns or temperature can still affect the weather, even if the pressure remains constant.
Fluctuating pressure can be an indication that weather conditions are likely to change rapidly.
For example, if the pressure is dropping quickly, it may indicate that a storm is approaching.
In summary, understanding the relationship between atmospheric pressure and weather conditions can be helpful in predicting the weather.
A steadily rising pressure usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather, while a steadily falling pressure usually indicates stormy weather.
A constant pressure may indicate that the current weather conditions are likely to persist, while fluctuating pressure can be an indication that weather conditions are likely to change rapidly.
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two long, straight, parallel wires 6.6 cm apart carry currents of equal magnitude i. they repel each other with a force per unit length of 3.1 nn/m. find the current i.
According to the given statement is currents of equal magnitude the current I is 30mA.
What do you mean of Current?Current is the movement of electrical charge carriers, which are frequently electrons or atoms lacking in electrons. Current is frequently represented with the capital letter I. The common unit is the ampere, which is represented by the letter A.
What is current formula?According to Ohm's equation, V = IR, the current flowing through a conductor is proportional to the voltage V and resistance R. I = V/R is an alternate formulation of Ohm's law.
Briefing:Distance, r = 6.6 cm
Force per unit length, = 3.1 nN/m
Current passes, when wire is parallel:
→ I₁ = i₂
We know the relation,
\(\frac{F}{l}=\frac{\mu_0}{2 \pi} \times \frac{I_1 \times I_2}{r}\)
By substituting the values, we get
3.1 × 10⁻⁹ = \(\frac{3 \pi \times 10^{-7}}{2 \pi} \times \frac{I^2}{6.6 \times 10^{-2}}\)
The current will be:
I = 0.030884 A
= 30mA
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Which of the following statements about lipids and carbohydrates is true?
Answer : Lipids and carbohydrates are both made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but lipids have less oxygen (Option B)
Carbohydrates are biomolecules composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in a 1:2:1 ratio, respectively.
Carbohydrates can be divided regarding the number of monomers in the biomolecule into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
Explanation:
hope this answer will helps you !
A beach ball is rolling in a straight line toward you at a speed of 9 m/sec. it's momentum is 3 kg.m/sec. what is the mass of the beach ball?
Answer:
1/3 kg
Explanation:
Concepts
The formula p = mv tells us that momentum is mass times velocity. We can easily rearrange this equation to solve for m by dividing both sides by v:
p/v = mv/vm = p/vApplication
We are asked to find the mass of a beach ball, given the velocity as 9 m/s and the momentum as 3 kg · m/s. We can use the formula m = v/p to find the mass of the ball in kilograms.
Solution
\(m = \frac{3}{9}\) \(m = 1/3\)A car starts from a spotlight and is traveling with a velocity of 10 m/s Ein
20 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?
Answer:
ANSWER
Initial Velocity (u) = 10 m/sec
Acceleration (a) = 5 m/sec
2
Distance (s) = 30 m
Final velocity (v) = ??
Using Newton's Third law of Motion,
v
2
=u
2
+2as
v
2
=10
2
+2×5×30
v
2
=100+300
v
2
=400
v =
400
v = 20 m/sec
_____________________________
ANSWER =
FINAL VELOCITY = 20 m/sec
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What will happen to the ball in example C if there is no friction?
A) The ball will roll forever in a straight path
B) The ball will roll forever in a curved path
C) The ball will stop rolling eventually
D) The ball's final position will be 10m away from the starting point
Answer:
A) The ball will roll forever in a straight path.
negative work means a. the kinetic energy of the object increases. b. nothing; there is no such thing as negative work. c. the object has negative velocity. d. the kinetic energy of the object decreases. e. the object does not move.
The negative work done means the kinetic energy of the object decreases instead of increasing.
What is negative work done?When force and displacement are directed in opposing directions, means both are working in opposite to each other, the work completed is referred to as negative work. As an illustration, when something is thrown upwards, gravity pulls below while displacement pulls upward.Work done:The product of the displacement and the component of the applied force of the object in the displacement direction is the work done by a force.The equation for work done is Work = Force × Distance.Its S.I unit is joule (J).To know more about Work done visit
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2. What is responsible for mudslides, rockfalls, and landslides
Answer:
Flash flooding or ongoing heavy rain can be precursors to landslides, mud/debris flows, and even rockfalls. ... Rockfalls are often caused by erosion of earth around larger rocks that then become loose and fall. Earthquakes can also lead to landslides and rockfalls.
Explanation:
It is a geological process called erosion.
_____ is the number of electrons emitted from electrode each second when there is a battery in the circuit greater than, less than. or equal to the number emitted each second when there is no battery
The number of electrons emitted from an electrode each second is greater when there is a battery in the circuit than when there is no battery.
When there is a battery in the circuit, a voltage is applied across the electrodes, causing a flow of electrons from the anode to the cathode, hence an increased number of electrons is emitted from the electrode each second. The process is known as electrolysis. Electrolysis is the process of separating the component of a chemical compound by using an electric current that passes through an electrolyte.
The electrolysis process occurs when the cathode attracts positively charged ions from the electrolyte solution while the anode attracts negatively charged ions. At the cathode, positive ions acquire electrons and become reduced, while at the anode, negative ions release electrons and become oxidized. Thus, the number of electrons emitted from the electrode each second is greater when there is a battery in the circuit than when there is no battery.
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