8.60 Which element in each of the following sets would you expect to have the lowest IE³ ?
(a) Na, Mg, Al

Answer:

P = 2.145kPa

Explanation:

Mass = 22.1g

Molar mass of CO2 = 44g/mol

Vol = 165mL = 0.165L

T = -188°C = (-188 + 273.15)K = 85.15K

R = 8.314J/mol.K

From ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

P = pressure of the ideal gas

V = volume the gas occupies

n = number of moles if the gas

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature of the gas

n = number of moles

n = mass / molar mass

n = 22.1 / 44 = 0.50moles

PV = nRT

P = nRT/ V

P = (0.5 × 8.314 × 85.15) / 0.165

P = 2145.26Pa = 2.145kPa

Pressure of the gas is 2.145kPa

Answer : The specific heat of the metal is, \(0.451J/g^oC\)

Explanation :

In this problem we assumed that heat given by the hot body is equal to the heat taken by the cold body.

\(q_1=-q_2\)

\(m_1\times c_1\times (T_f-T_1)=-m_2\times c_2\times (T_f-T_2)\)

where,

\(c_1\) = specific heat of metal = ?

\(c_2\) = specific heat of water = \(4.18J/g^oC\)

\(m_1\) = mass of metal = 50.0 g

\(m_2\) = mass of water  = 125 g

\(T_f\) = final temperature of mixture = \(29.3^oC\)

\(T_1\) = initial temperature of metal = \(115.0^oC\)

\(T_2\) = initial temperature of water = \(25.6^oC\)

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get

\((50.0g)\times c_1\times (29.3-115.0)^oC=-[(125g)\times 4.18J/g^oC\times (29.3-25.6)^oC]\)

\(c_1=0.451J/g^oC\)

Therefore, the specific heat of the metal is, \(0.451J/g^oC\)

One important drawback of the use of hcfcs as a replacement for cfcs is that hcfcs are more potent greenhouse gases.

HCFCs is an acronym for hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).

Thye are fully or partly halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), derived from alkane family.

CFCs is an acronym for Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), derived from alkane family like  hydrochlorofluorocarbons.

One important drawback of the use of hcfcs as a replacement for cfcs is that hcfcs are more potent greenhouse gases.

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The complete word equation for the rusting of iron is; iron + oxygen + water → hydrated Iron III oxide.

The term rusting has to do with the process by which iron reacts with moisture in the presence of oxygen and forms a flaky substance that reduces the tensile strength of the iron. We know that the process of rusting is an example of an unwanted oxidation reaction and this is why the iron must be protected from rusting.

Thus, the reactants that we can find in the rusting of iron are iron metal, water and oxygen. This is a chemical change because the compound that is produced is quite different in terms of chemical composition from the reactants.

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Answer:

Atomic radii vary in a predictable way across the periodic table. As can be seen in the figures below, the atomic radius increases from top to bottom in a group, and decreases from left to right across a period. Thus, helium is the smallest element, and francium is the largest.

You can determine if the group belongs to the groups you already studied by comparing the boiling and melting point of the new elements with the ones you already know.

Elements are grouped in the periodic table based on specific properties. These properties include the boiling and the melting point.

Moreover, these properties are often constant which means every element has a specific boiling and melting point and you can identify elements based on this.

According to the above, you need to compare the boiling and melting point given ( −185°C and -190°C) to the ones you previously studied. In this situation, there are two possibilities:

Note: This question is incomplete because the elements of the previous activity are not given; due to this, I answered based on previous knowledge.

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In Li2O, each lithium ion carries a +1 charge, and the oxygen ion carries a -2 charge. The charges of the ions balance each other to give a neutral compound.

The compound Li2O is composed of lithium (Li) and oxygen (O) atoms. Let's determine the charge on each ion in the compound.

Lithium (Li) is a metal from Group 1 of the periodic table, which means it tends to lose one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Each lithium atom loses one electron, resulting in a +1 charge. Since there are two lithium atoms in the compound, the total charge contributed by lithium is +2.

Oxygen (O) is a nonmetal from Group 16 of the periodic table, which tends to gain two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Each oxygen atom gains two electrons, resulting in a -2 charge. Since there is only one oxygen atom in the compound, the total charge contributed by oxygen is -2.

In ionic compounds, the positive and negative charges must balance to achieve overall charge neutrality. In the case of Li2O, the total charge contributed by the two lithium ions (+2) must balance the total charge contributed by the oxygen ion (-2). The simplest way to achieve charge balance is to have two lithium ions (+2) for every one oxygen ion (-2).

To summarize:

Li2O

Lithium ion (Li+): +1 charge

Oxygen ion (O2-): -2 charge

It's important to note that the charges on ions in compounds are determined based on the transfer of electrons between atoms to achieve stable electron configurations.

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Consider the following reaction:4 X(s) + 3 Y2(g) ⇌ 2 X2Y3(s)The equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction is:Kc = [X2Y3] / [X]4 [Y2]3Here, the initial moles are: [X] = 4.62 mol, [Y2] = 0.612 mol, [X2Y3] = 6.18 mol and volume, V = 3.9 L.

Let's calculate the concentration of each substance:[X] = 4.62 mol / 3.9 L = 1.185 M[Y2] = 0.612 mol / 3.9 L = 0.157 M[X2Y3] = 6.18 mol / 3.9 L = 1.585 M.

Now substitute the given values in the expression of Kc:Kc = [X2Y3] / [X]4 [Y2]3Kc = 1.585 / (1.185)4 (0.157)3Kc = 0.684 M-1Therefore, the value of Kc for this reaction is 0.684 M-1 if 4.62 mol X, 0.612 mol Y2, and 6.18 mol X2Y are present in a 3.9-L container at equilibrium.

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The cycloalkane with the least ring strain is cyclohexane. Cyclohexane has the least ring strain among the given options.

This is because cyclohexane has a chair conformation, which allows for the most stable arrangement of its carbon atoms. In the chair conformation, each carbon atom is bonded to two neighboring carbons in a zigzag pattern, minimizing the bond angles and torsional strain. Additionally, the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms alternate between an axial and equatorial position, reducing steric hindrance. This conformation results in a more stable and less strained ring structure compared to cyclopropane, cyclopentane, and cycloheptane.

Cyclopropane has the most ring strain due to its high angular strain caused by the bond angles of approximately 60 degrees. Cyclopentane has some ring strain but is more stable than cyclopropane due to its bond angles of approximately 108 degrees. Cycloheptane, on the other hand, experiences torsional strain and steric hindrance due to its seven-membered ring structure. Therefore, cyclohexane, with its chair conformation, has the least ring strain among the given options.

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The Balanced Reaction is  2N₂O₃⁻  ----->   2 N₂ + 3 0₂

A reaction in which the number of atoms of each element in the reactant and the product are equal is called a Balanced Reaction .

It is given in the question:

To Balance the chemical equation.

N₂O₃⁻  ----->    N₂ + 0₂

To balance the reaction , the number of molecules of each element , i.e. Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) needs to be balanced

2N₂O₃⁻  ----->   2 N₂ + 3 0₂

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ANSWER:

They contain two or more elements in fixed ratio to each other

Explanation:

A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. The type of bonds holding elements together in a compound can vary. Two common types are covalent bonds and iconic bonds. The elements in any compound are always present in fixed ratios.

Answer:

31.6%

Explanation:

find the molecular formular

(52×2)+(16×3)=152

since the %of oxygen is required

MF of o in Cr2O3 =16×3=48

%O= 48/152×100= 31.6%

The formula for a compound made from x2 and y- can be predicted using the crisscross method.

X2 has a charge of 2+ while y- has a charge of 1-. To form a neutral compound, the charges must balance each other.

To do this, the charge of x2 will become the subscript of y, and the charge of y- will become the subscript of x2.

Thus, the formula for the compound will be written as X2Y.

This indicates that two atoms of x combine with one atom of y to form the compound.

The compound may have different properties and characteristics depending on the identity of the elements X and Y.

Overall, the crisscross method is an effective way to predict the formula of an ionic compound.

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The reaction is 2NOCl (g) ⇌2NO (g) + Cl₂ (g). The expression for the equilibrium constant will be 4.337 × 10⁻⁴ M

The forward reaction velocity constant and the backward reaction velocity constant are multiplied to produce the equilibrium constant. According to some sources, it is "the ratio of product to the molar concentration of product to product of the molar concentration of reactants." The difference between the equilibrium product and reactant concentrations is the equilibrium constant of a reaction. The concentration terms are elevated to suitable powers that are equivalent to stoichiometric coefficients.

Given, the reaction is 2NOCl (g) ⇌2NO (g) + Cl₂ (g).

K = \(\frac{[NOCl^2]}{[NO]^2 [Cl2]}\)

Δ \(n_{g}\) = (2+1) -2 = 1

Temperature T, 500 K

\(K_{p}\) value = 1.8 × 10⁻²  bar⁻¹

Now

\(K_{p} = K_{c} (RT)^{-ng}\)

= 1.8 × 10⁻² × (0.083 × 500)⁻¹M

= 4.337 × 10⁻⁴ M

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The maximum number of grams of silver that can be produced in the reaction is 44.6 g.

Convert the mass of copper and silver nitrate to moles. Divide the mass of each substance by its atomic mass. The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 g/mol, and the atomic mass of silver is 169.87 g/mol.

Copper: 34.5 g / (63.546 g/mol) = 0.5429137947 mol Cu

AgNO₃: 70.2 g / (169.87 g/mol) = 0.4132571967 mol AgNO₃

Consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate.

Cu + 2 AgNO₃ -> Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2 Ag

Based on the mole ratios between the reactants and products in the chemical equation, calculate the maximum number of moles of silver that can be produced.

0.4132571967 mol AgNO₃ reacts with 0.2066285983 mol Cu will produce 0.2066285983 mol Cu(NO₃)₂ and 0.4132571967 mol Ag.

Convert moles of silver to mass, considering its atomic mass of 107.8682 g/mol.

Ag: (0.4132571967 mol Ag)(107.862 g/mol) = 44.57474775 g ≅ 44.6 g

Hence, the maximum number of grams of silver that can be produced in the reaction is 44.6 g.

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Answer:

A metallic bond is a force of attraction between charged metal ions and the electrons that are in the delocalized bond, which covers the assembly of ions. A covalent bond is the force of attraction between the nuclei of atoms, and the electrons shared between them.

Explanation:

A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond can be generated by electrostatic attraction between charged ions (for example, ionic bonds) or by electron sharing (for example, covalent bonds).

I hope this helps you :)

The empirical formula of the compound is C2H2O2, with hydrogen having a subscript of 2.

The equation for combustion of the unknown compound is:

CxHyOz + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Therefore, the equation for this particular combustion reaction is:

1.200g CxHyOz + 32.00g O2 → 2.086g CO2 + 1.134g H2O

Rearranging the equation, we get:

1.200g CxHyOz → 2.086g CO2 + 1.134g H2O - 32.00g O2

Dividing both sides of the equation by the molar mass of the compound:

\(\frac{(1.200g CxHyOz)}{(x(12.01) + y(1.008) + z(16.00))}\\ \\=\frac{ (2.086g CO2 + 1.134g H2O - 32.00g O2)}{(44.01)}\)

After simplifying, we get:

\(\frac{(1.200g CxHyOz)}{(x(12.01) + y(1.008) + z(16.00)) }\\\\= 0.0478\)

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is C2H2O2, with hydrogen having a subscript of 2.

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Answer:

Bacteria has 1 cell and An Animal has multiple cells.

Explanation:

Bacteria is a cell its self. While An Animal, It has multiple cells that create multiple tissues, and those tissues create multiple organs, those organs make up an organ system. After the Organ System, it's an organism.

Organism = Animal, Human, Ect.

Meanwhile, Bacteria is made up ONE CELL (bacteria it's self is 1 cell)

So the answer is "Bacteria has 1 cell and An Animal has multiple cells."

I hope this helped!! <33

Answer: The water will taste sour.

Explanation:

Answer: D. The water will taste sour (Edmentum)

Explanation:

Answer:

sodium chloride + silver nitrate = silver chloride

Explanation:

i believe this is correct, hope it helps :)

the answer is z = 47.214

Answer:

z = 47.214

Hope this helped

Answer:

We're working with Newton's Third Law of Motion which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. When we push on a wall with a force, say 30N, the wall pushes back with the same force.

Explanation:

The force acting on you from the wall will be equal to 30 N. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

According to Newton's 3rd law of motion, when two objects exert force on each other, and these forces are known as interation force pairs.

Force can be defined as a push or pull acting on an object resulting in an interaction between the objects. Force can be defined as an interaction and is classified as: contact force and non-contact force.

According to Newton’s third law of motion when the first object exerts a force on the second object, the first object will experience a force with the same magnitude in the opposite direction.

Given that if we exert the force of magnitude 30 N on the wall. Then the wall will exert the same magnitude of force but in opposite direction. Therefore, the force exerted by the wall on you will be equal to 30 N.

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Answer:

wow I can't believe you. your cheating I'm giving you a f on this. unless you tell me in front of the class that you cheated. I'm joking man but seriously I don't know

Yes, it is necessary to be careful when adding too much additional chromate during the strontium test. Excessive amounts of chromate can form a precipitate with strontium ions, leading to the formation of strontium chromate.

This can interfere with the accurate detection and measurement of strontium. Strontium chromate is a yellow solid that can precipitate out of the solution, making it difficult to distinguish and quantify the presence of strontium. This interferes with the accuracy and reliability of the strontium test. Therefore, it is important to use the appropriate amount of chromate in the test to ensure that the reaction specifically targets the barium ions without affecting the strontium ions.

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Answer:  Aluminum reacts with oxygen to produce aluminum oxide as follows: 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3 a.

Explanation: I really really hope that was helpful.

The retention times of the compounds change if the solvent composition was changed from 55 vol% acetone and 45 vol% water to 85 vol% acetone and 15 vol% water is decreases..

The acetone and the water mixture is polar . this makes the example of reversed phase reaction. Acetone is the polar molecule and the water is also o polar molecule and there mixture is polar mixture.

For the polar solutes which are separated by the hydrophilic interaction chromatography. the the solvent composition changed from the 55 vol% of the acetone and the 45 vol% of the water to the 85 vol% of the acetone and the 15 vol% of the water , the retention times decreases.

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Answer:

malleable

Explanation:

The image represent in malleable property of metal.

The image possibly represents the photoelectric effect of a metal, which is when it emits electrons after being exposed to electromagnetic radiation. Metals are also characterized by physical properties such as conductivity, malleability, metallic luster, and metallic bonding.

Based on your question, the image possibly represents the photoelectric effect, a key property of metals. This phenomenon occurs when a metal surface exposed to electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency absorbs radiation and emits electrons. These emitted electrons are called photoelectrons. Metals can also exhibit free electron model behavior, where electrons freely roam within the metal structure.

Metals possess unique physical properties like conductivity, malleability, and metallic luster. Malleability refers to the metal's ability to deform without breaking, while conductivity refers to the metal's ability to transfer heat or electricity. A metallic luster gives metals their characteristic shiny appearance.

Finally, metals are also known for their metallic bonding—a unique force that holds together the atoms within a metallic solid. Metallic bonding gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties of metals.

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Answer:

Molality of the solution is 1.9922 m.

Explanation:

The boiling point elevation (ΔTb) of a solution can be calculated using the following formula:

ΔTb = Kb x molality

∴ Kb is the ebullioscopic constant of the solvent (water in this case) and molality is the molality of the solution.

For water, Kb = 0.512 °C/m.

From the problem statement, ΔTb = 1.02 °C. Plugging these values into the equation above, we get:

1.02 °C = 0.512 °C/m x molality

Solving for molality, we get:

molality = 1.02 °C / (0.512 °C/m) = 1.9922 m

Therefore, the molality of the solution is 1.9922 m.

Hey there!

When we add a pinch of baking soda to vinegar we can see the formation/production of carbon dioxide gas (CO2).

Hope it helps ya!

Answer:2

Explanation: