A 5.0-kg and a 10.0-kg box are touching each other. A 45.0-N horizontal force is applied to the 5.0-kg box in order to accelerate both boxes across the floor. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.200. Determine the acceleration and the contact force.(

Answer:

B=14

Explanation:

2(14)-20=8

28-20=8

Maybe sea or onshore breeze

It develops due to the difference of air pressure greater by the different temperature of the water and land

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Work Shown:

To find the momentum, we multiply the mass and the velocity.

m = mass = 1500 kg

v = velocity = 3 m/s

p = momentum

p = m*v

p = (1500 kg)*(3 m/s)

p = (1500*3) kg m/s

p = 4500 kg m/s

The momentum of an object is the product of its mass and velocity. Thus momentum of the car with 1500 kg and velocity of 3 m/s is 4500  kg m/s.

Momentum is a physical quantity that measure the ability to keep the force which make an object moves faster. Momentum like force is a vector quantity and is characterized with magnitude and direction.

Momentum is the product of velocity and its mass. Hence as the mass or velocity increases, momentum also increases. Increase in momentum makes the object moves faster.

Given mass of car = 1500 Kg

velocity = 3 m/s

momentum = velocity × mass

= 1500 Kg × 3 m/s

= 4500 Kg m/s.

Therefore, the momentum of the car is 4500 kg m/s.

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Answer:

.17Hz

Explanation:

The formula for frequency is f= 1/T , where T is the period.

f = 1/6 and 1/6 ≈ .17

Answer: 1CM CUBE OF LEAD

Explanation:

Plate tectonics, the rock cycle, and surface processes interact to create, concentrate, and distribute mineral resources. Understanding these processes is crucial for identifying and extracting valuable minerals for human use.

Plate tectonics, the rock cycle, and surface processes such as weathering and erosion play important roles in the availability of mineral resources for human extraction and use. Here's how these processes contribute:

Plate Tectonics: Plate tectonics is the theory that explains the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates. It influences the distribution of mineral resources through several mechanisms:

a. Subduction Zones: When one tectonic plate is subducted beneath another, it creates intense heat and pressure, causing rocks to melt and form magma chambers. This process can generate large deposits of minerals, including precious metals, such as gold and silver, as well as base metals like copper and lead.

b. Divergent Boundaries: At divergent plate boundaries, such as mid-oceanic ridges, magma rises to the surface, cools, and solidifies, forming new crust. These areas often contain valuable mineral resources, including iron, manganese, and hydrothermal vents that can host valuable metal deposits.

c. Transform Boundaries: Transform plate boundaries, where plates slide past each other, can create fault zones. These fault zones can act as conduits for hydrothermal fluids, which can deposit minerals like copper, zinc, and lead.

Rock Cycle: The rock cycle is a continuous process that describes how rocks are formed, weathered, and transformed over time. It contributes to the availability of mineral resources in the following ways:

a. Igneous Processes: Igneous rocks, formed from the solidification of magma or lava, can host valuable mineral deposits. For example, granite and pegmatite rocks can contain minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and mica, while basaltic rocks can contain minerals like iron and magnesium.

b. Metamorphic Processes: Heat and pressure during the metamorphic process can cause minerals to recrystallize and concentrate, leading to the formation of economically significant mineral deposits. Examples include metamorphic deposits of asbestos, talc, and graphite.

c. Sedimentary Processes: Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediments, which may contain mineral grains eroded from existing rocks. Sedimentary deposits are important for resources like coal, oil, natural gas, and mineral sands (e.g., titanium, zircon).

Surface Processes (Weathering and Erosion): Surface processes, including weathering and erosion, can influence the availability and concentration of mineral resources:

a. Weathering: Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller particles, releasing minerals from their original host rocks. Through chemical weathering, certain minerals can be concentrated or leached, leading to the formation of economically viable deposits. For instance, weathering of sulfide minerals can generate ore bodies containing valuable metals like copper, zinc, and nickel.

b. Erosion and Sedimentation: Erosion transports weathered materials and deposits them in new locations, potentially concentrating mineral resources. Sedimentation in riverbeds, deltas, and ocean basins can create deposits of heavy minerals like gold, diamonds, and rare earth elements.

Overall, plate tectonics, the rock cycle, and surface processes interact to create, concentrate, and distribute mineral resources. Understanding these processes is crucial for identifying and extracting valuable minerals for human use.

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a. The distribution of the random variable X is a binomial distribution.

b. The expected value E(X) is 5.

c. The probability that none of the computers in the batch of 100 are defective is approximately 0.006 or 0.6%.

a. The distribution of the random variable X, representing the number of defective computers in a batch of 100, follows a binomial distribution.

b. The expected value E(X) of a binomial distribution can be calculated using the formula:

E(X) = n * p

where n is the number of trials (100 computers) and p is the probability of success (defective rate of 5% or 0.05).

E(X) = 100 * 0.05 = 5

Therefore, the expected value of X is 5.

c. To find the probability that none of the computers in the batch of 100 are defective, we need to calculate the probability of zero successes (defective computers) in a binomial distribution.

The probability of zero successes can be calculated using the formula:

P(X = k) = (n C k) * p^k * (1 - p)^(n - k)

where (n C k) represents the binomial coefficient, n is the number of trials, p is the probability of success, and k is the number of successes.

In this case, k = 0, n = 100, and p = 0.05.

P(X = 0) = (100 C 0) * 0.05⁰* (1 - 0.05)⁽¹⁰⁰⁻⁰⁾

The binomial coefficient (100 C 0) is equal to 1, and any number raised to the power of 0 is 1.

P(X = 0) = 1 * 1 * (0.95)¹⁰⁰

P(X = 0) ≈ 0.006

Therefore, the probability that none of the computers in the batch of 100 are defective is approximately 0.006 or 0.6%.

d. To find the probability that at least 4 computers in the batch of 100 are defective, we need to calculate the cumulative probability of the binomial distribution from 4 to 100.

P(X ≥ 4) = 1 - P(X < 4)

To calculate P(X < 4), we can sum up the probabilities for X = 0, 1, 2, and 3

P(X < 4) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) + P(X = 3)

We have already calculated P(X = 0) in part c.

P(X = 1) = (100 C 1) * 0.05^1 * (1 - 0.05)^(100 - 1)

P(X = 2) = (100 C 2) * 0.05^2 * (1 - 0.05)^(100 - 2)

P(X = 3) = (100 C 3) * 0.05^3 * (1 - 0.05)^(100 - 3)

Summing up these probabilities will give us P(X < 4).

Finally, subtracting P(X < 4) from 1 will give us P(X ≥ 4).

The calculations for P(X = 1), P(X = 2), and P(X = 3) can be quite involved, but you can use a binomial calculator or software to get the precise values.

a. The distribution of the random variable X is a binomial distribution.

b. The expected value E(X) is 5.

c. The probability that none of the computers in the batch of 100 are defective is approximately 0.006 or 0.6%.

d. The probability that at least 4 computers in the batch of

100 are defective can be calculated by subtracting P(X < 4) from 1.

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The energy per photon associated with a frequency of 1260 kHz is 2.10×10^-25 J.

To calculate the energy per photon, we can use the equation: E = hf, where E represents the energy, h is the Planck's constant (6.62607015 × 10^-34 J·s), and f is the frequency of the photon. Given that the frequency is 1260 kHz, we need to convert it to hertz (Hz) by multiplying it by 10^3:

Frequency = 1260 kHz × 10^3 = 1.26 × 10^6 Hz

Now, we can substitute the values into the equation:

E = (6.62607015 × 10^-34 J·s) × (1.26 × 10^6 Hz)

E = 8.33929859 × 10^-28 J

The answer is given in scientific notation as 8.34 × 10^-28 J. However, the question specifically asks for the answer in the format of 0.00×10^0. To achieve this, we can multiply the result by 10^3 and adjust the exponent accordingly:

E = (8.33929859 × 10^-28 J) × (10^3)

E = 8.33929859 × 10^-25 J

Thus, the energy per photon associated with a frequency of 1260 kHz is 2.10×10^-25 J.

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SMM2 refers to the Standard Method of Measurement 2. It is a document that specifies the method and processes used in measuring buildings and civil engineering works. SMM2 is commonly used in the construction industry.

The following are explanations of the clauses under Standard Method of Measurement 2 (SMM2):

i. D.10: This clause under SMM2 relates to the painting of metal and timber surfaces. It stipulates that when painting the surfaces of timber or metal, the preparation of surfaces and application of paint must conform to manufacturer specifications. It also specifies that the paint must be applied using a brush, roller, or spray. The clause then goes on to outline specific measurements for the thickness of paint coating to be applied on surfaces.

ii. D.12.4: This clause under SMM2 refers to the construction of walls using concrete blocks. It states that the concrete blocks used should have a minimum density of 1500 kg/m3. It also outlines specific measurements for the thickness of the mortar to be used for bonding the blocks together. The clause further specifies the measurement of the joint thickness between blocks.

iii. D.12.6: This clause under SMM2 refers to the rendering of walls with a cement mortar mix. It specifies that before rendering, the surface of the wall must be clean, dry, and free of debris. It also outlines specific measurements for the thickness of the rendering to be applied to the wall. The clause then stipulates that the rendering should be finished with a smooth surface that conforms to the architect's specifications.

iv. D.12.8: This clause under SMM2 refers to the painting of interior plastered walls. It stipulates that the preparation of surfaces and application of paint must conform to manufacturer specifications. It also specifies that the paint must be applied using a brush, roller, or spray. The clause then goes on to outline specific measurements for the thickness of paint coating to be applied on surfaces.

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The Ptolemaic model was a geocentric model of the Solar System developed by the ancient Greek astronomer, mathematician, and geographer Claudius Ptolemy.

According to this model, the Earth was at the center of the universe, and all the other celestial bodies revolved around it. Each planet in the Ptolemaic model was believed to move along a circular path called an "epicycle," which was centered on a point called the "deferent." The deferent, in turn, moved along a circular path around the Earth, called the "eccentric." The epicycle's center moved along the deferent at a constant rate, which gave the appearance of retrograde motion of the planet relative to the Earth. The Ptolemaic model was a complex and intricate system that required numerous epicycles, deferents, and eccentrics to explain the observed motions of the planets. While it was able to account for some of the observed planetary motions with reasonable accuracy, it had limitations and inaccuracies that became apparent as observations became more precise over time.

Here,

Eventually, the Ptolemaic model was replaced by the heliocentric model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus, which placed the Sun at the center of the Solar System and explained the observed motions of the planets more accurately.

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Answer:

The shadow would be on your left side.

Explanation:Give brainliest if this helped :)

If a source emits sound at a fixed constant frequency f, and it moves away from the observer at the same time as the observer moves away from the source, the frequency the observer hears is lower than f. Hence option lower than f. is correct.

This is due to the Doppler effect. What is the Doppler effect? The Doppler effect is a phenomenon that occurs when a source of waves, such as sound or light, is moving relative to an observer. The Doppler effect causes the observed frequency of the waves to differ from the emitted frequency when the source and observer are moving relative to each other. This change in frequency is due to the compression or stretching of the waves that occurs as the source moves closer or farther away from the observer.

If a source of sound is moving away from an observer, the sound waves become stretched and the frequency of the sound decreases, resulting in a lower pitch. If the source of sound is moving towards the observer, the sound waves become compressed, causing the frequency of the sound to increase, resulting in a higher pitch. This is the reason why an ambulance siren sounds higher-pitched as it approaches the listener and then drops to a lower pitch as it moves away.

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The sodium-potassium pump plays a vital role in maintaining cell volume by regulating the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell.

The sodium-potassium pump is important in maintaining cell volume because it helps regulate the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell.

Here is a step-by-step explanation:

1. The sodium-potassium pump is a protein found in the cell membrane of all cells.
2. It actively transports sodium ions (Na+) out of the cell and potassium ions (K+) into the cell.
3. This process requires energy in the form of ATP.
4. By pumping out sodium ions and bringing in potassium ions, the sodium-potassium pump helps maintain the concentration gradients of these ions.
5. This concentration gradient is crucial for various cellular functions, including maintaining cell volume.
6. When the concentration of sodium ions inside the cell becomes too high, water tends to move into the cell, leading to cell swelling and potential damage.
7. The sodium-potassium pump counteracts this by continuously pumping out sodium ions, preventing excessive water influx and maintaining the optimal cell volume.
8. Similarly, the pump helps regulate the concentration of potassium ions inside the cell, preventing excessive water loss that could lead to cell shrinkage.
9. In conclusion, the sodium-potassium pump plays a vital role in maintaining cell volume by regulating the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell.

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Answer:

I do have the answer

Explanation:

Answer:

18.66m

Explanation:

This was actually fun! Let set up the problem first: As you drop the sphere, it will accelerate till it hits the water with a given speed \(\dot z\). Once sinking the ball is subjected to two forces: its own weight \(m_sg = \rho_sVg\) directed towards the bottom of the lake, and buoyancy (Archimedes law), ie a force upward equal to the volume of displaced water, \(m_wg=\rho_wVg\). At this point it's the classical "how high can I toss a ball before it falls down" with a water twist. Please note that I'm using z as the height of the sphere, and \(\dot z; \ddot z\) represent the velocity (with one dot) and the acceleration (with two dots) in the z direction .Let's assume the sign of all quantities being positive if directed upwards, and negative if towards the bottom of the lake.

Let's first determine how fast the ball hit the water. For me the easiest way is saying "at 8m it has a given potential energy, and 0 kinetic energy. When it hits the water it loses all potential energy and has only kinetic energy". In numbers:

\(m_sgz=\frac12m_s\dot z_0^2\) Let's divide by the masses, g is a known value (\(9.81 ms^{-2}\)), z is 8 meters, and we get that \(\dot z_0 = 4\sqrt g =12.52 m/s\)

At this point, let's determine the force acting on the sphere, courtesy of Newton second law and the debate we had earlier:

\(m_s \ddot z = -m_sg + m_wg\\\rho_sV \ddot z = -\rho_sVg + \rho_wV g\)

At this point we can divide by the volume of the sphere, and make use of the fact that \(\rho_s = 0.7 \rho_w\)

\(0.7\rho_w \ddot z = -.7\rho_w g+ \rho_wg \rightarrow 0.7 \ddot z = 0.3 g\\\ddot z = \frac {0.3}{0.7} g= \frac 37g = 4.2 ms^-2\)

We're almost there. At this point we can write the law of motion for the sphere.

\(\dot z = \dot z_0 + \ddot z t\) that we will use to find the time for the ball to stop sinking - ie reaches 0 velocity.

\(0 = -12.52 +4.2t \rightarrow t= 12.52/4.2 \approx 3s\)

At this point we can use the other law of motion to find out the distance traveled

\(z= z_0 + \dot z_ot + \frac12 \ddot z t^2\\z= 0 -12.52 (3) + \frac12 (4.2)(3)^2 = -37.56+18.90 = -18.66 m\)

as usual, please double and triple check all the calculations, it's almost 1.30 am here and I am not the most confident number cruncher even when fully awake.

Answer: A. Meters per second squared

Explanation: The internet

5/m/s/s, or 5 meters per second square, can also be used to calculate acceleration.

The acceleration is considered to be zero because when object's velocity stays constant throughout the motion. because the velocity does not alter as the time changes. For instance, an automobile traveling at a steady speed on the roadway has no acceleration. An object is still moving even while it travels in a circle at a constant speed because the orientation of its velocity is changing. A net force affects an object's motion; the greater the neutral energy, the more speed the object experiences.

The three primary kinds of rapid kinematics are produce fine, – anti kinetic energy, but uniform acceleration. The term "uniform acceleration" refers to a situation in which an object moves linearly while accelerating at regular intervals.

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Explanation:

The amount of POTENTIAL energy (mgh)  is converted entirely to KINETIC energy ( 1/2 mv^2)   at instant before impact

mgh   = 1/2 mv^2

gh = 1/2 v^2

2 gh = v^2

v = sqrt ( 2 g h) = sqrt (  2 * 9.81 * 4.5) = 9.4 m/s

Momentum = m * v  =  .05 kg * 9.4 m/s  = .47  kg m/s

Answer:

First, the total energy of an object is E, and this is conserved if we do not interact with the object.

We can write:

E = U + K

Where U is the potential energy. For an object of mass M that is lifted a height H from the ground, the potential energy is:

U = M*g*H

where g is the gravitational acceleration. g = 9.8m/s^2

And K is the kinetic energy, written as:

K = (M/2)*v^2

where v is the velocity of the object.

a) We have an object with mass M = 80kg, lifted at a height H = 10m.

The gravitational potential energy is then:

U = 80kg*9.8m/s^2*10m = 7,804 J

And because the object is not moving, the velocity is equal to zero, then at this point the kinetic energy is equal to zero, which will mean that the total energy E is equal to the potential energy.

b) At the instant before hitting the ground the height of the object is near zero, then at this point the potential energy is almost zero, which means that all the potential energy has transformed into kinetic energy. Then the kinetic energy at this point should be:

K = 7,804 J

c) Work is defined as a force doing a motion.

W = F*d

F = force.

d = distance.

In this case, the force is the weight of the object.

Weight = 80kg*9.8m/s^2 = 784N

And the distance that the object moves is 10 meters, then the work done is:

W = 784N*10m = 7,840 J

d) The final velocity v can be obtained from the kinetic energy.

We know that K = (80kg/2)*v^2 = 7,840 J

v^2 = 7,840 J/40kg

v = √( 7,840 J/40kg) = 14m/s

On an airless, non-rotating planet of mass m and radius r, an electromagnetic launcher shoots a projectile with an initial velocity v0 directed straight up. However, v0 is less than the planet's escape velocity ve. The escape velocity is the minimum velocity required for an object to escape the gravitational pull of a planet.

In this scenario, since v0 is less than ve, the projectile will not be able to escape the planet's gravitational pull. Instead, it will follow a parabolic trajectory and eventually fall back down to the surface of the planet.

The escape velocity ve can be calculated using the formula ve = sqrt((2 * G * m) / r), where G is the universal gravitational constant. If v0 is less than ve, it means that the initial velocity is not sufficient to overcome the gravitational pull and allow the projectile to escape.

Therefore, on this planet, the projectile will reach a certain maximum height and then fall back down due to gravity.

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Answer:

Pick something up with your hand and drop it. When you release it from your hand, its speed is zero. On the way down its speed increases. The longer it falls the faster it travels. Sounds like acceleration to me.

But acceleration is more than just increasing speed. Pick up this same object and toss it vertically into the air. On the way up its speed will decrease until it stops and reverses direction. Decreasing speed is also considered acceleration.

But acceleration is more than just changing speed. Pick up your battered object and launch it one last time. This time throw it horizontally and notice how its horizontal velocity gradually becomes more and more vertical. Since acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time and velocity is a vector quantity, this change in direction is also considered acceleration.

In each of these examples the acceleration was the result of gravity. Your object was accelerating because gravity was pulling it down. Even the object tossed straight up is falling — and it begins falling the minute it leaves your hand. If it wasn't, it would have continued moving away from you in a straight line. This is the acceleration due to gravity.

In this initial experiment the bowling ball drops straight to the ground whereas the feathers float, owing to air resistance.

He alludes to the earlier experiment by Galileo that tested the same hypothesis.

"Galileo’s experiment was simple," he explains. "He took a heavy object, and a light one, and dropped them at the same time to see which fell fastest."

Although Galileo’s experiment proved two similarly shaped objects would fall at the same speed despite being different weights, he didn’t have access to a vacuum chamber in the 17th Century to conduct Professor Cox's more extravagant experiment.

Professor Cox also used the bowling ball and feather to prove a hypothesis put forward by Albert Einstein.

His Special Theory of Relativity argued that items would not be falling but standing still due to lack of force acting on them.

"Isaac Newton would say that the ball and the feather fall because there’s a force pulling them down: gravity,’ Professor Cox said.

"But Einstein imagined the scene very differently.

"The “happiest thought of his life” [as Einstein called it] was this; the reason the bowling ball and the feather fall together is because they’re not falling.

"They’re standing still. There is no force acting on them at all.

"He reasoned that if you couldn’t see the background, there’d be no way of knowing that the ball and the feathers were being accelerated towards the Earth.

"So he concluded they weren’t."

The tweaking of Newton’s earlier theory enabled Einstein to more accurately define his own theory, which regards the relationship between space and time.

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The power require to keep the car traveling is 6,666 W.

The power of the engine at the given efficiency is 3,999.6 W.

This the product of force and velocity of the given object.

The power require to keep the car traveling is calculated as follows;

P = Fv

\(P = 300\ N \ \times \ \frac{80 \ kmh^{-1}}{3.6 \ km h^{-1}/m/s} \\\\ P = 300 \ N \times 22.22 \ m/s\\\\ P = 6,666 \ W\)

The power of the engine at the given efficiency is calculated as follows;

\(E = \frac{P_{out}}{P _{in}} \times 100\%\\\\ 60\% = \frac{P_{out}}{6,666} \times 100\%\\\\ 0.6 = \frac{P_{out}}{6,666} \\\\ P_{out} = 3,999.6 \ W\)

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We have that  the name of this process is

Polarization

It is important to note that the process where A positively charged object "A" was moved close to a neutral object B. Positive and negative charges now on the surface of object "B" are redistributed asymmetrically on the surface is called  Polarization

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The moment of inertia, I, of an object is a measure of its resistance to rotational motion. It depends on both the mass distribution of the object and the axis of rotation. The moment of inertia about an axis passing through the center of mass, I_cm, can be calculated using the parallel axis theorem.

If we have an object with mass, m, and a radius, r, we can express the moment of inertia about the center of mass, I_cm, as:

I_cm = I_com + md^2

where I_com is the moment of inertia about an axis passing through the center of mass and parallel to the original axis, and d is the distance between the original axis and the center of mass.

For a simple object like a uniform rod or disk, the moment of inertia about the center of mass can be calculated using known formulas. For example, for a uniform rod rotating about an axis perpendicular to its length and passing through its center of mass, the moment of inertia is:

I_com = (1/12) * m * L^2

where L is the length of the rod.

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Answer:

Batteries are intended to store chemical energy and then it converts into electricidal energy. So overall, batteries produce energy.

Explanation:

Answer:

Electromagnetic waves strike a semiconductor, removing some of

its electrons, which form a current.

Answer:Electromagnetic waves strike a semiconductor, removing some of its electrons, which form a current.

Explanation:

An indicator that orients you when defining a motion is called the reference point. The reference point provides a fixed framing of reference for monitoring and describing the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object.

If you are describing the motion of a car on a highway, you can use the side of the road or a specific landmark as the reference point. By using a reference point, you can determine the position, velocity, and acceleration of the car.

An object is considered to be in motion if its position changes relative to a reference point over time. There are several ways to resolve if an object is in motion like Heeding its position, measuring its velocity and observing its acceleration.

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work is done by the force F on the two block system is 31.59 J.

The work done by a force on an object is given by the formula W = Fd cosθ where F is the force, d is the displacement, and θ is the angle between the force and the displacement vectors.

When the force and the displacement are in the same direction, theta is 0 degrees, and the work done is positive, meaning energy is transferred to the object. When the force and the displacement are in opposite directions, theta is 180 degrees, and the work done is negative, meaning energy is transferred away from the object.

In this case, the force F is pulling to the left and the displacement d is also to the left, so the angle between them is 0 degrees (cos 0 = 1).

Therefore, the work done by the force on the two-block system is:

W = Fd cosθ = (39.0 N)(0.81 m)(1) = 31.59 J

So the work done by the force is 31.59 J.

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Answer:

1. La velocidad del vehículo en su trayectoria de descenso es 65.2 m/s.

2. El vehículo forma un ángulo de 57.5° con la vertical.

Explanation:

1. La magnitud de la velocidad del vehículo está dada por la suma de las componentes del vector en la dirección vertical (y) y horizontal (x):

\( v^{2} = v_{x}^{2} + v_{y}^{2} \)

\( v = \sqrt{v_{x}^{2} + v_{y}^{2}} = \sqrt{(55 m/s)^{2} + (35 m/s)^{2}} = 65.2 m/s \)

Entonces, la velocidad del vehículo en su trayectoria de descenso es 65.2 m/s.

2. El ángulo que forma la trayectoria con la vertical se puede calcular con trigonometría:

\( tan(\theta) = \frac{v_{x}}{v_{y}} \)

\( \theta = tan^{-1}(\frac{v_{x}}{v_{y}}) = tan^{-1}(\frac{55}{35}) = 57.5 ^{\circ} \)

Por lo tanto, el vehículo forma un ángulo de 57.5° con la vertical.

Espero que te sea de utilidad!

Answer:

in physics, resonance is a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at specific frequencies. example a familiar example is a playground swing, which acts as a pendulum.

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The second clod of material, is more likely to form a solar system.

Gravity plays a crucial role in the formation of solar systems. When objects with large masses are closely packed together, their strong gravitational attraction can cause them to start rotating and clumping together into larger bodies. Over time, the largest of these bodies may become the central star of the solar system, while the smaller objects continue to orbit it. This process is known as accretion, and it is the first step in the formation of a solar system.

On the other hand, if the objects have small masses and are widely spaced, their gravitational attraction is too weak to cause them to clump together and form a central star. Instead, they would continue to float freely in space, never becoming dense enough to collapse under their own gravitational force.

In conclusion, it is the strong gravitational attraction between closely packed objects with large masses that makes it more likely for a clod of material to form a solar system.