When a skydiver pulls the parachute cord, it causes: the air resistance force to become greater than the weight force.
This means that the skydiver will experience a sudden deceleration as the parachute opens up and increases the air resistance acting on the body. As a result, the skydiver will slow down and gradually come to a stop.
The terminal velocity, which is the maximum speed that the skydiver can achieve while falling, is reached due to a balance between the weight force and air resistance force. When the parachute is deployed, it significantly increases the air resistance force acting on the skydiver, and as a result, the skydiver's speed decreases rapidly.
The parachute slows down the skydiver to a safe landing speed and prevents them from hitting the ground with a deadly impact. Therefore, deploying a parachute is a crucial step in ensuring the safety of a skydiver during the landing process.
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A spring of k=500 N/m that is initially compressed 2m is used to launch a 100N load of bricks up a 2 m tall
hill. Find the speed of the bricks at the top of the hill.
a. Qualitatively complete the energy flow diagram and the energy bar graphs.
c. Determine the speed
e. What would the speed at the top of the hill be with 2m of initial compression if 15% of the energy is
dissipated through friction?
d. What is the minimum compression of the spring necessary to get to the top of the hill? (v=0 at top, no
friction)
Speed of the bricks at the top of hill is 6.26 m/s. c.)speed of the bricks at the top of hill is 14.14 m/s. d)minimum compression of spring necessary to get to the top of hill is 6.26 m. e) speed of the bricks at the top of hill with 2 m of initial compression and 15% energy dissipation is 13.04 m/s.
What is energy?The capacity or power to do work, such as the capacity to move an object by application of force is called energy.
Initial potential energy of compressed spring is:
Ep = 1/2 kx^2 = 1/2 * 500 N/m * (2 m)^2 = 1000 J
k is spring constant, x is compression of the spring, and J is unit of energy in joules.
Final potential energy of the bricks is:
Ep = mgh = 100 N * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 m = 1962 J
Ep = Ep
1/2 kx^2 = mgh
v = sqrt(2gh) = sqrt(2 * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 m) = 6.26 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the bricks at the top of the hill is 6.26 m/s.
c. Initial potential energy of compressed spring is: 1000 J
Ek = Ep = 1000 J
Kinetic energy of the bricks is given by:
Ek = 1/2 mv^2
1000 J = 1/2 * 100 N * v^2
v = sqrt(200 / 1) = 14.14 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the bricks at the top of the hill is 14.14 m/s.
d. As, Ep = m g h
where m is mass of the bricks, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height of the hill.
Ep = 100 N * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 m = 1962 J
Ep = 1/2 kx^2 = 1962 J
1/2 * 500 N/m * x^2 = 1962 J
x = sqrt(2 * 1962 J / 500 N/m) = 6.26 m
Therefore, the minimum compression of the spring necessary to get to the top of the hill is 6.26 m.
e. If 15% of the energy is dissipated through friction, final kinetic energy of the bricks at the top of the hill will be 85% of initial potential energy of the compressed spring. Therefore,
0.85 * 1000 J = 1/2 mv^2
v = sqrt(170 / 1) = 13.04 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the bricks at the top of the hill with 2 m of initial compression and 15% energy dissipation is 13.04 m/s.
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If the collision is perfectly elastic, what are the final velocities v1 and v2 of objects 1 and 2?.
Please help!!!
Particles q₁ = -8.99 μC, q2 = +5.16 μµC, and
93-89.9 μC are in a line. Particles q₁ and q2 are
separated by 0.220 m and particles q2 and q3 are
separated by 0.330 m. What is the net force on
particle q₁?
Remember: Negative forces (-F) will point Left
Positive forces (+F) will point Right
-8.99 μC
41
0.220 m-
+5.16 MC
+92
0.330 m-
-89.9 μC
93
The negative symbol denotes that the net force acting on particle q1 is to the left. The solution is -0.74 N, which points to the left.
How to calculate net force?To find the net force on particle q₁, calculate the force exerted on it by each of the other particles and then add them up vectorially.
The force exerted by particle q₂ on particle q₁ is given by Coulomb's law:
F₁₂ = (kq₁q₂)/r₁₂²
where k = Coulomb's constant, q₁ and q₂ = charges on particles q₁ and q₂ respectively, and r₁₂ = distance between them.
Substituting the given values:
F₁₂ = (910⁹ Nm²/C²)(-8.9910⁻⁶ C)(5.16 x 10⁻⁶ C)/(0.220 m)²
F₁₂ = -1.32 N
The negative sign indicates that the force is attractive, and so it points towards particle q₂.
Similarly, the force exerted by particle q₃ on particle q₁ is given by:
F₁₃ = (kq₁q₃)/r₁₃²
Substituting the given values:
F₁₃ = (910⁹ Nm²/C²)(-8.9910⁻⁶ C)(-89.9 x 10⁻⁶ C)/(0.330 m)²
F₁₃ = 0.577 N
The positive sign indicates that the force is repulsive, and so it points away from particle q₃.
To find the net force on particle q₁, add up the individual forces vectorially:
F_net = F₁₂ + F₁₃
F_net = (-1.32 N) + (0.577 N)
F_net = -0.74 N
The negative sign indicates that the net force on particle q₁ is to the left. Therefore, the answer is -0.74 N, pointing towards the left.
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When two oceanic plate boundaries meet, this crustal feature forms?
A)
sea floor spreading
B)
volcanic island arc
C)
plate tectonics
When compared to winds at the surface, winds at 2,000 feet areA. higher due to absence of frictionB. higher and go at right angles to the isobars due to frictionC. higher because they move from an area of higher pressure to lower pressure
When compared to winds at the surface, winds at 2,000 feet are typically higher due to the absence of friction.
At the surface, winds are affected by friction with the Earth's surface, which slows them down and causes them to move in a more turbulent and erratic fashion. However, as winds move up in altitude, they encounter less and less friction, allowing them to increase in speed and flow in a more uniform and predictable manner.
While friction may still have some influence on winds at 2,000 feet, it is not as significant as at the surface. Therefore, winds at this altitude tend to move more smoothly and follow a more consistent path, often perpendicular to the isobars (lines of equal pressure) on a weather map. This makes them useful for aviation purposes, as pilots can use this information to plan their flight paths and take advantage of favorable tailwinds or avoid dangerous crosswinds.
In contrast, winds at the surface are more affected by local topography, temperature gradients, and other factors that can cause them to vary widely in direction and speed. Overall, winds at 2,000 feet are an important component of the Earth's atmospheric circulation system, and understanding their behavior is essential for predicting weather patterns and ensuring safe air travel.
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A car accelerates from a standstill to 60 km/hr in 10.0 seconds. What is its acceleration?
The acceleration of the car is 1.66 m per sec square.
How to calculate acceleration?The rate at which an item changes its velocity is known as acceleration, a vector quantity. If an object's velocity is changing, it is accelerating.
Initial velocity=0
Final velocity= 60km/hr
To convert it into m/sec
1 km=1000 m
1 hr=3600 sec
So= (60×1000)÷3600=16.66 m/sec
time=10 sec
We know that acceleration is the rate of change of velocity per unit of time.
acceleration=(final velocity-initial velocity)÷ time taken
= (16.66-0)÷10
= 1.66 m per sec square
So, Acceleration will be, 1.66 m per sec square
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What is the minimum size aluminum or copper-clad aluminum equipment grounding conductor required for a feeder that is protected by a circuit breaker rated at 4,000 amperes?
The minimum size of the equipment grounding conductor for a feeder protected by a 4,000-ampere circuit breaker would be 2/0 AWG for both aluminum and copper-clad aluminum conductors, based on the NEC guidelines.
To determine the minimum size of the equipment grounding conductor for a feeder protected by a 4,000-ampere circuit breaker, we need to refer to the National Electrical Code (NEC) guidelines. The NEC provides specific requirements for conductor sizing based on the maximum overcurrent protection device (OCPD) rating.
According to the NEC, the minimum size of the equipment grounding conductor for an aluminum or copper-clad aluminum conductor is determined by Table 250.122. This table specifies the minimum size based on the rating of the OCPD.
For a 4,000-ampere circuit breaker, we locate that value in Table 250.122, which directs us to a minimum grounding conductor size of 2/0 AWG for aluminum conductors or copper-clad aluminum conductors.
Therefore, the minimum size of the equipment grounding conductor for a feeder protected by a 4,000-ampere circuit breaker would be 2/0 AWG for both aluminum and copper-clad aluminum conductors, based on the NEC guidelines.
It's worth noting that local electrical codes and regulations may have additional requirements or variations, so it's essential to consult the relevant authorities and applicable codes in your specific jurisdiction for precise guidance.
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Patrice has no family history of diseases. Based on her history, what is her doctor MOST likely to tell Patrice?
O A. She should get regular health screenings.
She can avoid all health screenings.
She should visit a psychiatrist regularly.
B.
C.
D. She can avoid all vaccines.
Answer:A
Explanation: because her family doesn’t have any disease
A doctor would likely recommend regular health screenings for Patrice, despite her lack of family disease history. Screenings are universally recommended for early detection and treatment of potential issues. Vaccinations would also not be avoided based on family history alone.
Explanation:Even if Patrice does not have a family history of diseases, her doctor is most likely to tell her that she should get regular health screenings. Having no family history of specific diseases does not mean one is entirely free from the potential of developing health issues. Regular health screenings can help detect potential problems early, when they're easier to treat or manage. These screenings can involve routine physical exams, blood tests, or specific tests like mammograms or colonoscopies, depending upon age, gender, and other factors. Vaccines, similarly, are not decided based on family history, but rather on the possibility of exposure to specific diseases and age-specific recommendations.
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I need help with my physics homework
A ball starts from rest at the top of an inclined plane and rolls without slipping down the plane. The ratio of the angular velocity of the ball at the end of the plane to its angular velocity as it passes the center point C of the plane equals
The ratio of angular velocity of the ball at end of the plane to its angular velocity (passing the center point C of the inclined plane) will be equivalent to "sqrt (5/2)."
The principle of conservation of energy can be applied here to determine the required ratio. As the ball rolls down the inclined plane, the potential energy it possessed at the top is transformed into kinetic energy as well as rotational energy.
Now, let's assume the ball has a mass 'm', a radius 'r', and an inertial moment of '\(I = (2/5)mr^{2}\)' (for a solid sphere). Let 'h' represent the height of the inclined plane's top and 'θ' represent the angle that the plane makes with the horizontal.
By applying the principle of conservation of energy, we get:
\(mgh = (1/2)I\omega^2 + (1/2)mv^2\)
where, \(mgh\) = potential energy of the ball at the top of the plane ('g' denoting acceleration due to gravity), \((1/2)I\omega^2\) = rotational kinetic energy ('ω' being the angular velocity), and \((1/2)mv^2\) denoting the translational kinetic energy ('v' is the linear velocity) of the ball.
On simplifying the equation, we get:
\(\omega f/\omega c = \sqrt{5r/h}\)
where \(\omega f\)= angular velocity of the ball at end of the plane, and \(\omega c\) = angular velocity of the ball as it passes the center point C of the plane.
"sqrt (5/2)" is the correct option since it matches the expression obtained earlier, i.e., \(\omega f/\omega c = \sqrt{5r/h}\).
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What happens to an object at rest if there is no net force
on the object?
Answer:it will continue in its state of rest.
Explanation:
When you cook a marshmallow on a metal poker tool over an open flame, energy is transferred. Identify the three different ways thermal energy is transferred in this situation. Be sure to name the specific places or phenomenon in this system where each of the types of thermal energy transfer is occurring and the direction the energy is being transferred (from what to what).
Answer:
The three ways thermal energy is transferred are;
1) Conduction
2) Convection
3) Radiation
Explanation:
1) The conduction of the heat from the open flame to the marshmallow is through the direct contact of the flame with the marshmallow, such that the flame the region of the combustion reaction, that produces light and heat touches the marshmallow
2) The convection process is the transfer of heat from the rising heated combustion products, as well as the heated air that rises from the flame
3) The radiation heat transfer is the transfer of the heat from the fire to the marshmallows directly by the heat the moves in the form of electromagnetic waves at temperatures above 1000 K, without the need for a medium, such that the marshmallow can be heated by the heat coming from side of the flame.
state the law of the conservation of mechanical energy
Answer:
The law of the conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanical energy of a closed system remains constant, unless there is work done by non-conservative forces or heat transfer to or from the system.
In other words, the law states that the sum of the kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (energy due to position) of a system remains constant as long as there are no non-conservative forces acting on the system. Non-conservative forces are forces that dissipate energy, such as friction and air resistance. If these forces are present, they will convert some of the mechanical energy of the system into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound.
For example, if you lift a book off the ground, you are doing work on the book, which increases its potential energy. At the same time, the kinetic energy of the book decreases, because it is not moving. If you then release the book, it will fall to the ground, converting its potential energy back into kinetic energy. If there are no non-conservative forces present, the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the book will remain constant throughout this process. This is an example of the conservation of mechanical energy in action.
The law of the conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant, unless external forces are present. This means that the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy within the system will remain constant over time, unless the system is subjected to external forces such as friction or gravity. This law is based on the principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but rather it can only be transferred or transformed. Therefore, any changes in the mechanical energy of a system must be due to the transfer or transformation of energy from one form to another, rather than the creation or destruction of energy itself.
A 5.0 kg crate slides down a smooth ramp that is elevated at an angle of 382 The length of the ramp is 2.0 m. What will be the speed of the crate at the bottom of the ramp?
consider a single chip package (scp) with a minimum pitch (space between leads) of 0.4 mm and 1000 leads. calculate the minimum footprint of the chip in two configurations: leads are restricted to the perimeter of the package. leads are allowed to be arrayed on a single face of the package.
The minimum footprint of the chip in this configuration would be 400 mm. To calculate the minimum footprint of the chip in the two configurations, we can use the given information of the minimum pitch and the number of leads.
Configuration: Leads restricted to the perimeter of the package.
In this configuration, the leads are placed along the perimeter of the chip package. The minimum pitch is 0.4 mm, and there are 1000 leads.
To calculate the minimum footprint, we need to determine the length of the perimeter covered by the leads. Since the leads are restricted to the perimeter, the total length covered will be equal to the number of leads multiplied by the pitch.
Perimeter length = Number of leads * Pitch
Perimeter length = 1000 * 0.4 mm = 400 mm
Therefore, the minimum footprint of the chip in this configuration would be 400 mm.
Configuration: Leads allowed to be arrayed on a single face of the package.
In this configuration, the leads can be arranged on a single face of the chip package. We need to calculate the area occupied by the leads.
The area occupied by the leads is given by the number of leads multiplied by the square of the pitch.
Area = Number of leads * Pitch^2
Area = 1000 * (0.4 mm)^2 = 160 mm^2
Therefore, the minimum footprint of the chip in this configuration would be 160 mm^2.
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Which of the following types of ES is frequently used to support operational procurement activities? A) ERP B) SCM C) SRM D) Two of the above,
Among the following options, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is the type of ES frequently used to support operational procurement activities.
What is ERP?ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning is a software application that an organization uses to manage its business processes. It integrates various departments, such as finance, HR, inventory, and procurement, into a single system and streamlines communication between them. This assists firms in effectively utilizing resources and achieving their objectives.
ERP system is frequently used to support operational procurement activities because it can help in coordinating the purchasing process from start to finish. It also automates many activities such as generating purchase orders, tracking shipments, recording receipts, and paying invoices.
Thus, it can increase the efficiency and accuracy of procurement processes, reducing the need for manual intervention.
Therefore, the correct answer is A) ERP.
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describe the formation and evolution of an elliptical galaxy. how does the formation and evolution of a spiral galaxy differ from that of an elliptical?
Top-Down: Gas and dark matter collided, causing the gas to star-form. merging of spiral galaxies whose gas has already turned into stars (bottom-up) is the way how the elliptical galaxy formation was happened.
spiral galaxies evolved from bottom-up, and elliptical galaxies from a mix of top-down and bottom-up. There is extremely little raw material for the creation of new stars in elliptical galaxies, in contrast to spiral galaxies, which contain abundant stores of the dust and gas that support star formation. When two spiral galaxies collide, they change from their recognized form into the less organized elliptical galaxies. These old galaxies are considered to be powered by a supermassive black hole. These gas- and dust-eating giants may contribute to the elliptical galaxies' slower development.
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how much radius of earth
" Sensation " occurs in the while perception occurs in the 1) brain; body 2) skin; nerves 3 ) brainstem spinal cord 4 ) body brain
Hence the complete statement will be, " Sensation " occurs in the body while perception occurs in the brain.
Option D
Sensation and its resolveGenerally, senses acquire facts from the surroundings using the sensory receptors which eventually feed into neural inputs.
These neural impulses are then dispatched to the brain there it is prepared and interpreted for in addition evaluation which is recognized as perception.
Therefore,we have the follow statements to be true
Sensation occurs in the body
Perception occurs in the brain
Option D
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The path of a charged particle moving parallel to a uniform magnetic field will be a:______.
The path of a charged particle moving parallel to a uniform magnetic field will be straight line
Force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field can be calculated by = q.(v*B )
q = charge of the particle
v = velocity of the particle
B = magnetic field
theta = angle between v and B
q . (v B sin (theta) )
Since, particle is parallel to the magnetic field
hence , theta = 0°
so sin(theta) = sin 0° = 0
hence , force = 0
since , there is no force acting on the particle it will remain in that motion in hat it was when it initially came in the magnetic field . Hence It will be moving along a straight line path because the magnetic force on the charged particle is zero.
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The image shows the pH value of some common substances. Which statement is true?
A-Pure water is acidic
B-Pure water is basic
C-Pure water is both acidic and basic
D-Pure water is neither acidic nor basic
If the man pushes with a force of 2000N and friction is 500N, what is the resultant force?
Answer:
Explanation:
If the force of 2000 N is directed towards the right and the friction is directed towards the left, the 2000 N force is positive and the other is negative. To find the resultant force:
2000 - 500 = 1500 N to the right
Scenario:The owner of Bond's Gym wants your advice. He asks you if you think positive incentives would work better than negative incentives.He is considering these options: - Raising or lowering prices - Applying discounts or fees - Offering exclusive memberships Bond's Gym should use to help solve the problem. If the owner of Bond's Gym raises his prices, the demand for membership will most likely . If the owner of Bond's Gym decides to raise his prices, he could make money per monthly membership.
Answer: Negative Incentives
Decrease
More
Explanation:
Took it on EDG 2021
Price can be defined as the amount of money that must be paid by a buyer (customer) to a seller (producer or owner), so as to acquire goods and services.
This ultimately implies that, it is an amount of money a customer that is buying goods and services are willing to pay to the seller (producer or owner) for the goods and services being offered.
In this scenario, we can deduce the following points:
If the prices of Bond's Gym services are raised, the demand for membership will most likely decrease.If the prices of Bond's Gym services are raised, the owner could make more money per monthly membership.Read more on price here: https://brainly.com/question/11898489
3. The Sl unit for work, the joule, is equal to _____
A)1 newton x 1 meter
B)1 newton/1 meter
C)1 meter/1 newton
Answer:
I believe A, if I'm wrong please inform me!!!
Explanation:
I NEED HELP WITH THIS PHYSICS QUESTION
Answer:
im saying c but not sure if its right
Explanation:
the phosphorus ion is larger than a neutral phosphorus atom, yet a zinc ion is smaller than a neutral zinc atom. which of the following statements best explains why?
The difference in size between the phosphorus ion and neutral phosphorus atom, the zinc ion and neutral zinc atom, is correct statement to the change in electron configuration the gain or loss of electrons during ionization.
The difference in size between a phosphorus ion and a neutral phosphorus atom, as well as a zinc ion and a neutral zinc atom, can be explained by the change in electron configuration resulting from ionization. The phosphorus ion has gained electrons, leading to increased electron-electron repulsion and larger size, while the zinc ion has lost electrons, resulting in a stronger attraction between the remaining electrons and the nucleus, leading to a smaller size.
When a neutral atom becomes an ion, it either gains or loses electrons, resulting in a change in its electron configuration. In the case of the phosphorus ion, it gains three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, resulting in a net negative charge. The additional Periodic table electrons introduce increased electron-electron repulsion, causing the electron cloud to expand, and hence the phosphorus ion to be larger than the neutral phosphorus atom.
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The density of water is 1000 kg m^3. What is the value expressed in gcm^-3 units? please help me..
(1) 1000 (2) 100 (3) 1 (4) 0.1 (5) 0.01
Here's the neat, cool way to convert units like this:
-- 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
-- 1 meter = 100 centimeters
So . . . . .
(1000 kg/m³) x (1000 g/kg) x (1 m/100 cm)³ =
(1,000 kg/m³) x (1,000 g/kg) x (1 m³/1,000,000 cm³) =
(1,000 x 1,000 x 1 / 1,000,000) (kg-g-m³ / m³-kg-cm³) = 1 g/cm³
Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows. hannah is very good at picking up differences in other people's mood and behavior. she has been rewarded for her ability to work within a group and getting everyone to work in the same direction. according to howard gardner, hannah would probably be seen as having a high _________ intelligence. logical-mathematical visual-spatial interpersonal linguistic
The answer will be interpersonal.
What is interpersonal intelligence?According to Gardner there are 8 types of intelligence, one of those being Interpersonal intelligence.
This type of intelligence is related to the ability to interact and understand people and their relationships.Empathy is a concept related to this type of intelligence.
Thus the answer will be interpersonal.
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A pulse of ultrasound is sent into the womb. It travels at a speed of 1500m/s in soft tissue and is reflected off the skull of the foetus. The reflected pulse is detected 0.0001s later. At what depth is the skull?
A coronary blood vessel has an axisymmetric contraction because of a atherosclerotic plaque build up (stenosis). Given conditions of upstream velocities of 10 cm/s during diastole and 15 cm/s during systole, correspondingly, find the corresponding diastolic and systolic velocities at the stenosis throat and the pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic and systolic conditions (rblood = 1.057 g/cm3). What is the additional pressure that the pumping heart has to develop over the normal diastolic and the systolic pressures (80 mmHg and 120 mmHg correspondingly) due to the presence of the stenosis? (Diameter of regular vessel (D=3mm))(Diameter of stenosis (d=1mm))
Given that a coronary blood vessel has an axisymmetric contraction because of a atherosclerotic plaque build up (stenosis), the corresponding diastolic and systolic velocities at the stenosis throat can be found using the Bernoulli equation, as well as the pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic and systolic conditions.The Bernoulli equation for the diastolic condition is: 0.5 x 1.057 x (10^2) / 3^2 = 0.35 N/m^2
The Bernoulli equation for the systolic condition is: 0.5 x 1.057 x (15^2) / 1^2 = 11.3 N/m^2
Therefore, the pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic condition is 80 mmHg, and the pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for systolic condition is 131.3 mmHg.The additional pressure that the pumping heart has to develop over the normal diastolic and the systolic pressures (80 mmHg and 120 mmHg correspondingly) due to the presence of the stenosis is 51.3 mmHg.
Given conditions of upstream velocities of 10 cm/s during diastole and 15 cm/s during systole, correspondingly, we need to find the corresponding diastolic and systolic velocities at the stenosis throat and the pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic and systolic conditions. Also, the additional pressure that the pumping heart has to develop over the normal diastolic and systolic pressures due to the presence of the stenosis is to be found.
The diameter of the regular vessel is given as (D=3mm) and the diameter of the stenosis is (d=1mm).
Axisymmetric contraction: A coronary blood vessel has an axisymmetric contraction because of the atherosclerotic plaque build-up (stenosis).Due to the stenosis, the area of the throat is less than the area of the normal vessel. Therefore, the velocities at the throat increase to maintain the continuity equation.
Let the velocities at the throat be and Vs for diastolic and systolic conditions respectively.Using the continuity equation, the ratio of the velocities at the throat and the diameter of the vessel can be expressed as follows:AdVd = AsVsAd= π/4D²As= π/4d²Substituting the given values in the equation, we get,Vd = (π/4D²) * (As/Ad) * VdVs = (π/4D²) * (As/Ad) * Vsis the area of stenosis and A is the area of the regular vessel. We know that A = π/4D², As = π/4d².Substituting the given values, we get,Vd = (1/3) * (15) = 5 cm/sVs = (1/3) * (10) = 3.33 cm/sPressure gradientThe pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic and systolic conditions is given as follows:ΔPd = ρ (Vd - Vup)²/2ΔPs = ρ (Vs - Vup)²/2where ρ is the density of blood and Vup is the upstream velocity.Substituting the given values, we get,ΔPd = (1.057 g/cm³) (5 - 10)²/2 = 26.425 PaΔPs = (1.057 g/cm³) (3.33 - 15)²/2 = 240.206 PaAdditional pressureThe additional pressure that the pumping heart has to develop over the normal diastolic and systolic pressures due to the presence of the stenosis is given as follows:ΔPadd, diastolic = ρ (Vup)²/2 + ΔPd - 80 mmHgΔPadd, systolic = ρ (Vup)²/2 + ΔPs - 120 mmHgwhere ΔPadd is the additional pressure.Substituting the given values, we get,ΔPadd, diastolic = (1.057 g/cm³) (10)²/2 + 26.425 Pa - 80 mmHg = 54.03 mmHgΔPadd, systolic = (1.057 g/cm³) (15)²/2 + 240.206 Pa - 120 mmHg = 123.79 mmHgTherefore, the corresponding diastolic and systolic velocities at the stenosis throat are 5 cm/s and 3.33 cm/s respectively. The pressure gradient between the upstream and the stenosis throat for diastolic and systolic conditions are 26.425 Pa and 240.206 Pa respectively. The additional pressure that the pumping heart has to develop over the normal diastolic and systolic pressures due to the presence of the stenosis is 54.03 mmHg and 123.79 mmHg respectively.
which term best describes the quantity of water moving through a stream?
Explanation:
Generally, stream flows are measured in CFS = Cubic Feet per Second