A solid is dissolved in a liquid, and over time a solid forms again. How can
you confirm the type of change that took place?
A. Testing the new solid to show that its properties are the same as
the starting solid would confirm that a physical change took
place.
B. The solid dissolving in a liquid is confirmation that a chemical
change took place.
C. The solid forming from the liquid is confirmation that a physical
change took place.
D. Showing that the total mass of the solid and liquid changed would
confirm that a chemical change took place.

To balance the given chemical equation using the oxidation state change method, we need to follow these steps:Step 1: Write the unbalanced equationKMnO4 + KCl + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + Cl2
Step 2: Identify the elements that undergo oxidation and reductionIn this equation, the oxidation state of Mn changes from +7 to +2, which means it undergoes reduction, while the oxidation state of Cl changes from -1 to 0, which means it undergoes oxidation.

Step 3: Write the half-reactionsReduction half-reaction: MnO4^- → Mn^2+Oxidation half-reaction: Cl^- → Cl2Step 4: Balance the atoms and charges in each half-reactionReduction half-reaction: 8H+ + MnO4^- → Mn^2+ + 4H2OOxidation half-reaction: 2Cl^- → Cl2 + 2e^-Step 5: Balance the electrons in each half-reactionReduction half-reaction: 5e^- + 8H+ + MnO4^- → Mn^2+ + 4H2OOxidation half-reaction: 2Cl^- → Cl2 + 2e^-Step 6: Multiply each half-reaction by a factor to equalize the number of electrons transferredReduction half-reaction: 10e^- + 16H+ + 2MnO4^- → 2Mn^2+ + 8H2OOxidation half-reaction: 14Cl^- → 7Cl2 + 14e^-Step 7: Add the balanced half-reactions together10e^- + 16H+ + 2MnO4^- + 14Cl^- → 2Mn^2+ + 8H2O + 7Cl2Step 8: Cancel out the common terms on both sides of the equation2KMnO4 + 16KCl + 8H2SO4 → 2K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 7Cl2 + 8H2OTherefore, the balanced equation using the oxidation state change method is:2KMnO4 + 16KCl + 8H2SO4 → 2K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 7Cl2 + 8H2O.

The eutectic point is the lowest temperature at which the liquid phase is constant at a particular pressure.

A melting composition known as a eutectic consists of at least two components that melt and freeze at the same rates. The components combine during the crystallisation phase, operating as a single component as a result.

The eutectic is the system's lowest melting point under its own pressure; it has a matching temperature called the eutectic temperature and produces the eutectic liquid as a result. In terms of composition, eutectic liquids are located between the system's solid phases.

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Answer:

298. 7 K.

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since equation we use to compute the heat in a cooling or heating process is:

\(Q=mC(T_f-T_i)\)

Whereas we are given the heat, mass, specific heat and initial temperature. Thus, we infer that we need to solve for the final temperature just as shown below:

\(T_f=T_i+\frac{Q}{mC}\\\\T_f=1000 K+\frac{-270000J}{1000g*0.385\frac{J}{g*K} } \\\\T_f=298.7 K\)

It is important to notice that the iron release heat as water absorbs it, that is why it is taken negative.

Best regards!

The concentration of the solution is  0.000435 mol/dm³.

The concentration of a solution is calculated as follows;

Concentration = (Absorbance) / (Molar absorptivity x path length)

the path length =  3cm

the molar absorptivity (E) = 400 dm/mol/cm.

if the solution transmits 30% of the light, it absorbs 70% of the incident light.

Absorbance = log (1/Transmittance)

Absorbance  = log (1/0.3)

Absorbance  = 0.523

Concentration = (0.523) / (400 dm/mol/cm x 3 cm)

= 0.000435 mol/dm³

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If this molecule is one half of a buffer, then the formula of the second half of the buffer is M2CrO4 where M is a univalent metal.

A weak acid is one that is able to ionize completely in solution. The acid called chromic acid H2CrO4 is not  able to ionize completely in solution.

We know that a buffer is composed of a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and its salt hence if the acid H2CrO4 is present in a buffer then the other half must be  salt of the acid.

If this molecule is one half of a buffer, then the formula of the second half of the buffer is M2CrO4 where M is a univalent metal.

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Answer:

0.03 L

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Step 2: Calculate the final volume of the balloon

The balloon is filled with air. If we assume it behaves as an ideal gas, we can calculate the final volume of the balloon using Charles' law.

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

V₂ = V₁ × T₂/T₁

V₂ = 0.5 L × 20 K/293 K = 0.03 L

Answer: 0.9 moles

Explanation:1 mole of any molecule/atom contains an amount equal to its molecular/atomic weight. 20 grams of Silver contains 0.9 moles of Silver.

The mass of a substance with given number of molecules can be calculated by first finding the number of moles in the substance as follows:

No. of moles = no of molecules ÷ Avogadro's number

Mass of these substances can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles by their molar mass as follows:

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The missing coefficients in the above balanced chemical equation are as follows: 1, 1, 1.

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right.

A chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation are the same.

According to this question, zinc sulphide reacts with hydrogen chloride to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen sulphide as follows:

_ZnS +2HCl → ___ZnCl₂ + ___H₂S

The balanced equation is as follows:

ZnS +2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂S

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Equilibrium will shift towards the products when temperature is decreased in an exothermic reaction of the  formation of ammonia.

An exothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat content of the reactants is greater than the heat content of product.

In an exothermic reaction, heat is given off.

For an exothermic reaction in equilibrium, increasing temperature shifts equilibrium to the towards the left, towards the reactants.

On the other, equilibrium will shift towards the products when temperature is decreased.

Therefore, equilibrium will shift towards the products when temperature is decreased in the reaction of the  formation of ammonia.

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Answer:

0.774g of ethanol

0.970mL of ethanol

Explanation:

Molality is an unit of concentration defined as the ratio between moles of solute and kg of solvent.

In the problem, you need to prepare a 1.2m solution of ethanol (Solute) in t-butanol (solvent).

14.0g of butanol are 0.014kg and as you want to prepare the 1.2m solution, you need to add:

0.014kg × (1.2moles / kg) = 0.0168 moles of solute = Moles of ethanol

To convert moles of ethanol to mass you require molar mass (Molar mass ethanol, C₂H₅OH = 46.07g/mol). Thus, mass of 0.0168 moles are:

0.0168moles Ethanol ₓ (46.07g / mol) =

And to convert mass in g to mL you require density of the substance (Density of ethanol = 0.798g/mL):

0.774g ₓ (1mL / 0.798g) =

Answer:

Explanation:

Safety: The rate of energy release determines how quickly and explosively the energy is released. In the case of the stick of dynamite, the rapid and instantaneous release of energy can cause a violent explosion. On the other hand, the controlled release of energy from gasoline allows for safer and more manageable energy output, reducing the risk of accidents and minimizing potential harm.

Efficiency: The rate at which energy is output affects the efficiency of a system. In many practical applications, such as engines or power generation, it is desirable to convert energy into useful work as efficiently as possible. Controlling the rate of energy release allows for a more efficient conversion of energy, minimizing waste and maximizing the desired output.

Control and Functionality: Different systems require energy to be released at specific rates to perform their intended functions. For example, in an internal combustion engine, the controlled and timed release of energy from fuel allows for the synchronized movement of engine components, resulting in the desired mechanical work. Controlling the rate of energy output ensures that a system operates effectively and performs its intended function.

Environmental Impact: The rate at which energy is output can also impact the environment. In processes that release energy too rapidly or uncontrollably, such as certain combustion reactions or explosions, there can be significant environmental consequences, including air pollution, damage to ecosystems, and the release of harmful byproducts. Controlling the rate of energy release allows for better management and mitigation of these environmental impacts.

Overall, the rate at which energy is output from a system is crucial for safety, efficiency, control, functionality, and environmental considerations. By regulating and optimizing the rate of energy release, we can ensure that energy is utilized effectively and responsibly in various applications.

Answer:

Replacement is your answer

Answer: 7.52*10^23 molecules.

Explanation: This is a classic Stoichiometry problem.

In one mole of any substance, there are 6.02*10^23 molecules. This number is called Avogadro's number. We are given 55 grams of Co2 so to convert that to moles, we divided by the molar mass of Co2. We find the molar mass by adding the molar masses of the elements that make up the compound.

There is one molecule of Carbon and two molecules of Oxygen in one molecule of Co2. From the periodic table, the molar mass of Carbon is 12.01 and 16.00 for Oxygen. 1(12.01)+2(16.00) gives us the molar mass. We then divided 55 grams by that mass to find the number of moles. We then multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.02*10^23) to find the total number of molecules.

You can use this method for solving any problem that asks you to find the number of atoms or molecules of some number of grams of a substance.

Entropy is a notion that essentially refers to the universe's propensity for chaos or the spontaneous changes that take place in everyday happenings. Here the standard entropy change for the given reaction is -233.

Entropy is typically referred to as a measurement of a system's randomness or disorder. In the year 1850, a German physicist by the name of Rudolf Clausius first proposed this idea. Entropy is a thermodynamic property that is used to characterize how a system behaves in terms of temperature, pressure, entropy, and heat capacity.

Here the standard entropy change is:

Entropy of products - entropy of reactants

ΔS = 230 - (201 + 2 ( 131)) = -233

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A cleaning solution with an OH⁻ concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L, has a pH of 10.4 and is basic (options b and c).

The hydroxide ion concentration is 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L.

pOH = -log [OH⁻] = log (2.5 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.6

We will use the following expression.

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 3.6 = 10.4

Since pH > 7, the solution is basic.

A cleaning solution with an OH⁻ concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L, has a pH of 10.4 and is basic (options b and c).

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The correct order of the five steps of the scientific method is as follows:

State problem

Form hypothesis

Conduct experiment

Interpret data

Draw conclusion.

The scientific method is a systematic approach used by scientists to investigate and understand the natural world. The five steps of the scientific method, in their logical order, are as follows:

State problem: In this step, the scientist identifies and defines a specific question or problem to be investigated. The problem should be clear and well-defined to guide the rest of the scientific process.

Form hypothesis: A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction for the problem stated in step one. It is an educated guess that can be tested through experiments and observations. The hypothesis should be based on prior knowledge and observations.

Conduct experiment: In this step, the scientist designs and performs experiments to test the hypothesis. The experiment is carefully planned and executed, and data is collected through observations and measurements.

Interpret data: Once the experiment is completed, the scientist analyzes the collected data. This involves organizing, graphing, and statistically analyzing the data to identify patterns and trends.

Draw conclusion: Based on the interpretation of the data, the scientist draws conclusions about whether the hypothesis is supported or not. The conclusions should be objective and supported by evidence obtained from the experiment.

It's important to note that while these steps are presented in a linear order, the scientific process is often iterative, with scientists revisiting and refining hypotheses, conducting further experiments, and building upon existing knowledge.

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Electrons moving in a circle would be accelerating, would lose energy, and would therefore not be able to maintain their orbits.

Atomic models are designed to determine the nature of the atom. There have been several atomic models whose ultimate aim have been to underscore the interaction between the particles that compose the atom.

The atomic models include;

The main problem of the Planetary system model (Rutherford model) of the atom is that electrons moving in a circle would be accelerating, would lose energy, and would therefore not be able to maintain their orbits.

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Answer:

81 gm

Explanation:

The mass of 1 mole is 27 g

So, Mass of 3 moles of Aluminium would be 3 × 27 = 81 gm..Thus mass of 3 Moles of Aluminium is 81 gm.

Convex lenses refract light inward toward a focal point. Light rays progress through the edges of a convex lens and are bent most.

convex lenses are across in the middle. Rays of light that pass through the lens are conducted closer together (they converge). A convex lens is a meet lens. When parallel rays of light pass through a convex lens the refracted rays cross at one point called the principal focus.

. A convex lens is a connecting lens. When parallel rays of light pass through a convex lens the refracted rays merge at one point called the principal focus.

So we can conclude that Convex Lens. Concave Lens; It is known as a converging lens as light rays, when passed through this lens, tends to bend towards each other. It is known as a Convex Lens

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Answer:

What are the 26 states of matter?

Bose–Einstein condensate.

Fermionic condensate.

Degenerate matter.

Quantum Hall.

Rydberg matter.

Rydberg polaron.

Strange matter.

Superfluid

If Sherman suggests that reproduction always creates individuals with adaptive traits, then he/she is not correct because variation may lead to non-adaptive phenotypes.

The presence of genetic variation in individuals of a given population is not adaptive per se, but instead, it provides the raw material for natural selection that leads to the differential survival and reproduction of the most adaptive phenotypes.

The genetic variation in individuals of a given population does not crate adaptive traits and it may derive from sexual reproduction.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the presence of genetic variation in individuals of a given population may or not be adaptive in the function of the environment in which the individual produced by means of sexual reproduction is developed and therefore it is an advantage for the population but the individual may be harmful.

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2. The pH is 4.22 × 10⁸. 3. pH is 7, 4. pOH is 9.7, 5. diprotic is explained below, 6. Amphoteric is explained below, 7. pH meter, 8. A buffer solution is explained below, 9. Titration is explained below, 10. Difference between strong and weak acids is explained below.

2. pH = -log[H⁺]

pH = -log(4.22 x 10⁻⁸)

pH ≈ 7.375

3. pH + pOH = 14

pH + 7 = 14

pH = 14 - 7

pH = 7

4. pH + pOH = 14

pOH = 14 - pH

pOH = 14 - 4.3

pOH ≈ 9.7

Now,

[H⁺] × [OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴

[OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴ / [H⁺]

[OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10¹⁴ / 10^(-pOH)

[OH⁻] = 1.0 x 10⁻¹⁴ / 10^(-9.7)

[OH⁻] ≈ 1.99 x 10⁻⁶ M

5. Being diprotic means that a molecule or ion can donate or release two protons (H⁺ ions) in an acid-base reaction.

6. Amphoteric refers to a substance that can act as both an acid and a base.

7. The pH can be measured using a pH meter or a pH indicator.

8. A buffer solution is a solution that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it.

9. Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration (titrant) of another substance.

10. A strong acid is an acid that completely ionizes in water, releasing all of its hydrogen ions. A weak acid is an acid that does not completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.

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The variable "air pressure inside the football" in this experiment is quantitative and dependent variable. Hence, option D is correct.

The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or tested in an experiment.

In the experiment, the scientist filled the footballs with fix quantity of pressure which was then kept for 12 hours. After 12 hours the pressure inside the footballs was again measured. Pressure here is a quantitative variable.

Since the air temperature is an independent variable. The pressure being the dependent variable depends upon the temperature of the air.

Independent variable; The variable which does not depends upon any other variable.

Dependent variable; The variable which depends upon the independent variable or varies with the change independent variable.

Qualitative variables are variables which cannot be expressed in form of numbers. They generally convey the characteristic, category, quality or type.

Whereas Quantitative variables are the variables which can be expressed in the form of numbers. These are the variables which exist along the continuous sequence.

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