A Swedish study examined gingival bleeding in 164 pairs of same-sex twins of which one twin had low exposure to smoking, while the other had high exposure to smoking. The reasons for using this co-twin control design include pair matching for sex, age, and genetic factors, and that confounding factors such as oral hygiene and food habits are also likely to be matched within a pair. The aim of the study is to test whether smoking is associated with higher risk of gingivitis. The study found that in 40 pairs the low-exposed twin had gingivitis while the high-exposed twin did not, in 23 pairs the high-exposed twin had gingivitis while the low-exposed twin did not, while in the remaining 101 pairs the twins had same status: in 15 pairs both had gingivitis and in 86 pairs both did not have gingivitis.

a. Which type of study design applies to this study: paired or independent samples?

b. Write the 2×2 table cross-tabulating the pairs of exposed and unexposed twins in terms of their gingivitis status (yes/no).

c. The research hypothesis is that smoking is associated with gingivitis. For the statistical analysis, what are the null and alternative hypotheses?

d. Perform a statistical test for the null hypothesis, using hand calculations. Interpret your results

Answer:

42.5%

Step-by-step explanation:

i dont think the a b and c are multiple choice they are steps to solve the problem

the events in the problem are rebecca approving couch 85% and her roomate approving the couch 50%

a: rebecca approving couch 85%

b: roomate approving the couch 50%

probability rebecca and roommate approves is percentages multiplied.

85% times 50% = 0.85*0.5

=0.425

42.5%

Answer: I think it is B

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

D

Step-by-step explanation:

tasha's ballon speed=5 mph

henrey's balloon speed=(31-15)/2=16/2=8 mph

tasha's initial distance was y=5×0+25 =25 miles

Henrey's balloon initial distance=15 miles

Answer:

The answer is y = 7/x -6.

Step-by-step explanation:

A linear function is one where x and y are both to the first power.  Using this knowledge, let's look at the options that we are given.

y = 4x + 9

In the above equation, both x and y are raised to the first power, so we know that this equation is linear.

y = 7/x - 6

In the above equation, y is raised to the first power, but x is not.  Since x is in the denominator of a fraction, it actually has a power of -1, which makes this equation nonlinear.

y = x - 6/7

In the above equation, both x and y are raised to the first power, making the equation linear.

Therefore, the correct choice is y =7/x - 6.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

$85

Step-by-step explanation:

445-20=425 425 ÷5= 85

Answer:

23 kids

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

7

Step-by-step explanation:

LaTeX Solution

\(\frac{x + 3}{5} = 2\)

\(x + 3 = 10\)

\(x = 7\)

No LaTeX Solution:

(x + 3)/5 = 2

x + 3 = 10

x = 7

This is the statistical question,  specifically hypothesis testing and type I and type II errors.

A "Red tide" is a bloom of poison-producing algae involving dinoflagellates that can cause shellfish, such as clams, to develop dangerous levels of paralysis-inducing toxins. The Division of Marine Fisheries (DMF) monitors toxin levels in shellfish to determine if harvesting should be banned in specific areas.

In this context, a Type I error occurs when the DMF incorrectly bans clam harvesting in an area where the mean toxin level is not actually above 800 μg/kg of clam meat. This is a false positive, as the decision to ban harvesting is based on the assumption that the toxin levels are too high, even though they are not.

A Type II error occurs when the DMF fails to ban clam harvesting in an area where the mean toxin level is actually above 800 μg/kg of clam meat. This is a false negative, as the decision to allow harvesting is based on the assumption that the toxin levels are safe, even though they are not.

In this situation, a Type II error has the greater consequence, as it allows for the harvesting and consumption of toxic clams, posing a significant risk to public health. A Type I error, while economically harmful to the clam industry, does not put consumers at risk.

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The probability that the number of sags per week is less than 410 is approximately 0.9713 or 97.13% (rounded to four decimal places).

To find the probability that the number of sags per week is less than 410, we need to use the concept of the standard normal distribution. Let's calculate this probability step by step.

Step 1: Standardize the value of 410 using the formula:

z = (x - μ) / σ

Where:
x = 410 (the number of sags per week)
μ = mean number of sags per week = 353
σ = standard deviation of the sag distribution = 30

Substituting the values, we have:

z = (410 - 353) / 30
z = 57 / 30
z = 1.9

Step 2: Look up the standardized value (1.9) in the standard normal distribution table or use a calculator to find the corresponding probability.

The probability that the number of sags per week is less than 410 can be found as the area to the left of z = 1.9 on the standard normal distribution curve. Using the standard normal distribution table, we find that the corresponding probability is approximately 0.9713.

Therefore, the probability that the number of sags per week is less than 410 is approximately 0.9713 or 97.13% (rounded to four decimal places).

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Answer:

x = 3

Step-by-step explanation:

x+5=8

x+5-5=8-5

X=3

Answer:

x = 3

Step-by-step explanation:

basically 2 ways

1st: Transposing

1) x + 5 = 8

2) transpose or transfer +5 to the other side

NOTE: transposing numbers and variables switches the signs (positive -> negative and vice versa)

3) x = 8 - 5

x = 3

2nd: Property of Equality (whatever u do one one side, you do the same to the other)

1) x + 5 = 8

2) x + 5 - 5 = 8 - 5

x = 3

the main focus is to isolate x, or to make it be alone in one side of the equation

Answer:

x = 39

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve the equation x - 11 = 28, you can add 11 to both sides of the equation:

x - 11 + 11 = 28 + 11

x = 39

So the solution to the equation is x = 39.

(Please give brainlist)

\(x - 11 = 28\)

Add 11 to both sides:

\(x-11+11=28+11\)

\(\boxed{x = 39}\)

The volume of the canister is 339.1 cubic inches.

The volume of a cylinder is calculated by using the formula V=πr²h, where r is the radius of the cylinder and h is the height of the cylinder.

The radius of the cylinder is half of the diameter, so the radius of the canister is 3 inches.

Using the formula, we can calculate the volume of the canister as follows:

V = π×3²×12

V = 108×3.14

V = 339.1 cubic inches

Therefore, the volume of the canister is 339.1 cubic inches.

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Answer:

f(x + 1) + 2

Step-by-step explanation:

All the points are translated 1 unit to the left and 2 units up.
To write a translation along the x-axis, movement to the right would be written as f(x - a), where a is the amount translated, and movement to the left would be written as f(x + a). In this case, we would need to write the translation as f(x + 1), since it is moving 1 unit to the left.
As for translations along the y-axis, movement upward would be written as f(x) + a, and movement downward would be written as f(x) - a. Thus, the transformation rule to describe the path the pre-image made to arrive at the image would be f(x + 1) + 2.

P.S. I'm a bit rusty with this stuff, so I apologize in advance if I messed something up.

There are no points outside the control limits, since all of the weekly sample means are within the range of 4.7 to 5.3 degrees Celsius (the mean of 5 degrees Celsius plus or minus 0.3 degrees Celsius).

The ordered pairs for the equation is ( 0 , 0.5 ) and ( 1 , 0 )

Given data ,

Let the equation be represented as A

Now , the value of A is

-3x - 6y = -3

To generate two ordered pairs by substituting zero for x and y, we can substitute x = 0 and y = 0 into the given equation -3x - 6y = -3 and solve for y.

For x = 0:

-3(0) - 6y = -3

0 - 6y = -3

-6y = -3

y = -3 / -6

y = 0.5

So the first ordered pair is (0, 0.5)

For y = 0:

-3x - 6(0) = -3

-3x - 0 = -3

-3x = -3

x = -3 / -3

x = 1

So the second ordered pair is (1, 0)

The rate of change is the change in y-coordinate divided by the change in x-coordinate.

In this case, as we move from the first ordered pair (0, 0.5) to the second ordered pair (1, 0), the change in y-coordinate is -0.5 and the change in x-coordinate is 1.

Therefore, the rate of change is -0.5 / 1 = -0.5.

Hence , the ordered pairs are ( 0 , 0.5 ) and ( 1 , 0 )

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To map the parent function f(x) = √x to f(x) = √(x + 2) - 7, you need to apply two transformations: a translation 2 units to the left and a translation 7 units down. The correct answer is "Translation left 2, down 7."

The parent function f(x) = √x can be mapped to f(x) = √(x + 2) - 7 using transformations. The given function represents two transformations applied to the parent function: a horizontal translation and a vertical translation.

1. Horizontal Translation: The term "x + 2" inside the square root function indicates a horizontal translation. Since it's a positive value, the function is shifted 2 units to the left. This is represented as "Translation left 2."

2. Vertical Translation: The term "- 7" outside the square root function represents a vertical translation. It's a negative value, so the function is shifted 7 units downward. This is represented as "Translation down 7."

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Answer:

grater than -6 bars

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

less than

Step-by-step explanation:

if by bars you mean absolute value bars than less than cuz I-6I is just 6 and four is less than 6.

The probability of getting all heads when flipping a coin four times is 1/16.

(HHHH), (HHHT), (HHTH), (HHTT), (HTHH), (HTHT), (HTTH), (HTTT), (THHH), (THHT), (THTH), (THTT), (TTHH), (TTHT), (TTTH), (TTTT) are some examples of spaces.

There were 16 total outcomes.

Probability going out of control

HHHH P(A) = P(getting all heads) = 1/16

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However, sin⁻¹ is defined to return an angle between -90° and 90°, so it returns the angle that is closest to 30° (which is 30° in this case).

Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. It is used to solve problems related to geometry, physics, engineering, and many other fields. Trigonometry is based on the study of the six trigonometric functions: sine (sin), cosine (cos), tangent (tan), cosecant (csc), secant (sec), and cotangent (cot). These functions describe the ratios of the lengths of the sides of a right triangle, and can be used to calculate the unknown side lengths or angles of a triangle.

Here,

If sin 30° = 0.5, then sin⁻¹(0.5) is the angle whose sine is 0.5. In other words, we are looking for the angle whose sine is 0.5. Since sin 30° = 0.5, we know that one possible answer is 30 degrees. However, there are other angles that also have a sine of 0.5. One way to find the other angles is to use the inverse sine function, denoted as sin⁻¹. This function takes a value between -1 and 1 as its input and returns an angle between -90° and 90° as its output. So, if we want to find sin⁻¹(0.5), we are asking: what angle has a sine of 0.5?

The answer is: sin⁻¹(0.5) = 30°.

Note that there are other angles that also have a sine of 0.5, such as 150°, 390°, etc.

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Complete question:

Using the equality above, copy and complete the following:

The value of sin⁻¹ (0.5)​ when sin 30° = 0.5.

The approximate number of DVDs in Paulette’s collection after 14 months is 75 DVDs.

Equations are mathematical statements with two algebraic expressions flanking the equals (=) sign on either side.

Coefficients, variables, operators, constants, terms, expressions, and the equal to sign are some of the components of an equation. The "=" sign and terms on both sides must always be present when writing an equation.

We have,

let the collection of DVDs ne n and the time spend is m.

and, the Equation for the situation is

n = 1.8 m + 25

Now, the number of DVDs in collection after 14 months is

= 1.8 (14)+ 25

= 50.2

So, the total number of DVDs are

= 50 + 25

= 75

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Answer:

3.A

4.D

Step-by-step explanation:

in 3, A is correct because it follows the rule in the picture attached. In question 4 D is not appropriate because log base 9 to the power 9 is equal to 1, but log base 9 to the power 4 + log base 9 to the power 5 is not 1

Answer:-1

Step-by-step explanation:

in order to solve this type questions you should "orginize" numbers same variables:

-6x+4x=6-4

-2x=2

x=-1

Répondre:

25

Explication étape par étape :

La question exigeait qu'un numéro de départ soit choisi ; 2 ajoutés au numéro de départ et le carré du résultat est effectué :.

Numéro de départ = - 7

Ajouter 2 à - 7

2 + - 7 = 2 - 7 = - 5

Carré du résultat /

-5² = 25

Answer:

18m

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

18 m would be the answer.......

Answer:99

Step-by-step explanation:

This answer is 99. If Jose has scored 851 points and he needs 950, you subtract 950-851 which is 99. He needs 99 more points to obtain an A.

Answer:

99

Step-by-step explanation:

trust me.........................

To show that {Y(t), t ≥ 0} is a Martingale, we need to prove that E[Y(t)|F(s)] = Y(s) for all s ≤ t, where F(s) is the sigma-algebra generated by B(u), 0 ≤ u ≤ s.

Using the hint, we can compute E[Y(t)|F(s)] as follows:
E[Y(t)|F(s)] = E[B2(t) - t |F(s)]
             = E[B2(t)|F(s)] - t   (by linearity of conditional expectation)
             = B2(s) - t  (since B2(t) - t is a Martingale)
Therefore, we have shown that E[Y(t)|F(s)] = Y(s) for all s ≤ t, and thus {Y(t), t ≥ 0} is a Martingale.
To compute E[Y(t)], we can use the definition of a Martingale: E[Y(t)] = E[Y(0)] = E[B2(0)] - 0 = 0.

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We will show that {Y(t), t≥0} is a Martingale by computing its conditional expectation. The expected value of Y(t) is zero.

To show that {Y(t), t≥0} is a Martingale, we need to compute its conditional expectation given the information available up to time s, E[Y(t)|B(u), 0≤u≤s]. By the Martingale property, this conditional expectation should be equal to Y(s).

Using the fact that B2(t) - t is a Gaussian process with mean 0 and variance t3/3, we can compute the conditional expectation as follows:

E[Y(t)|B(u), 0≤u≤s] = E[B2(t) - t | B(u), 0≤u≤s]

= E[B2(s) + (B2(t) - B2(s)) - t | B(u), 0≤u≤s]

= B2(s) + E[B2(t) - B2(s) | B(u), 0≤u≤s] - t

= B2(s) + E[(B2(t) - B2(s))2 | B(u), 0≤u≤s] / (B2(t) - B2(s)) - t

= B2(s) + (t - s) - t

= B2(s) - s

Therefore, we have shown that E[Y(t)|B(u), 0≤u≤s] = Y(s), which implies that {Y(t), t≥0} is a Martingale.

Finally, we can compute the expected value of Y(t) as E[Y(t)] = E[B2(t) - t] = E[B2(t)] - t = t - t = 0, where we have used the fact that B2(t) is a Gaussian process with mean 0 and variance t2/2.

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The minimum value of V occurs at x ≈ 0.93, which means that the volume of the box is smallest when the height is about 0.93 units.

To find the extreme values of V, we need to take the derivative of V and set it equal to zero. So, let's begin:

\(V(x) = x(10-2x)(16-2x)\)
Taking the derivative with respect to x:
\(V'(x) = 10x - 4x^2 - 32x + 12x^2 + 320 - 48x\)
Setting V'(x) = 0 and solving for x:
\(10x - 4x^2 - 32x + 12x^2 + 320 - 48x = 0\\8x^2 - 30x + 320 = 0\)
Solving for x using the quadratic formula:
\(x = (30 ± \sqrt{(30^2 - 4(8)(320))) / (2(8))\\x = (30 ± \sqrt{(1680)) / 16\\x = 0.93 or x =5.07\)
So, the extreme values of V occur at x ≈ 0.93 and x ≈ 5.07. To determine whether these are maximum or minimum values, we need to examine the second derivative of V. If the second derivative is positive, then the function has a minimum at that point. If the second derivative is negative, then the function has a maximum at that point. If the second derivative is zero, then we need to use a different method to determine whether it's a maximum or minimum.

Taking the second derivative of V:
V''(x) = 10 - 8x - 24x + 24x + 96
V''(x) = -8x + 106

Plugging in x = 0.93 and x = 5.07:
V''(0.93) ≈ 98.36 > 0, so V has a minimum at x ≈ 0.93.
V''(5.07) ≈ -56.56 < 0, so V has a maximum at x ≈ 5.07.

Now, to interpret these values in terms of the volume of the box, we need to remember that V(x) represents the volume of a box with length 2x, width 2x, and height x. So, the maximum value of V occurs at x ≈ 5.07, which means that the volume of the box is greatest when the height is about 5.07 units. The minimum value of V occurs at x ≈ 0.93, which means that the volume of the box is smallest when the height is about 0.93 units.

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a) The extreme values of V are:

Minimum value: V(0) = 0

Relative maximum value: V(3) = 216

Absolute maximum value: V(4) = 128

b) The absolute maximum value of V at x = 4 represents the case where the box has a square base of side length 4 units, height 2 units, and width 8 units, which has a volume of 128 cubic units.

a) To find the extreme values of V, we first need to find the critical points of the function. This means we need to find where the derivative of the function equals zero or is undefined.

Taking the derivative of V(x), we get:

\(V'(x) = 48x - 36x^2 - 4x^3\)

Setting this equal to zero and solving for x, we get:

\(48x - 36x^2 - 4x^3 = 0\)
4x(4-x)(3-x) = 0

So the critical points are x = 0, x = 4, and x = 3.

We now need to test these critical points to see which ones correspond to maximum or minimum values of V.

We can use the second derivative test to do this. Taking the derivative of V'(x), we get:

\(V''(x) = 48 - 72x - 12x^2\)

Plugging in the critical points, we get:

V''(0) = 48 > 0 (so x = 0 corresponds to a minimum value of V)
V''(4) = -48 < 0 (so x = 4 corresponds to a maximum value of V)
V''(3) = 0 (so we need to do further testing to see what this critical point corresponds to)

To test the critical point x = 3, we can simply plug it into V(x) and compare it to the values at x = 0 and x = 4:

V(0) = 0
V(3) = 216
V(4) = 128

So x = 3 corresponds to a relative maximum value of V.
b) In terms of the volume of the box, the function V(x) represents the volume of a rectangular box with a square base of side length x and height (10-2x) and width (16-2x).
The minimum value of V at x = 0 represents the case where the box has no dimensions (i.e. it's a point), so the volume is zero.
The relative maximum value of V at x = 3 represents the case where the box is a cube with side length 3 units, which has a volume of 216 cubic units.
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Hence, the length of the curve defined by the parametric equations x = 4sin^2(t) and y = 4cos^2(t) over the interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 5π is 20π units.

To find the distance traveled by the particle, we need to calculate the length of the curve defined by the parametric equations x = 4sin^2(t) and y = 4cos^2(t) over the given time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 5π.

We can use the arc length formula to calculate the length of the curve. The arc length formula for a parametric curve defined by x = f(t) and y = g(t) is given by:

L = ∫[a, b] √[f'(t)^2 + g'(t)^2] dt

where f'(t) and g'(t) are the derivatives of f(t) and g(t) with respect to t.

Let's start by finding the derivatives of x and y with respect to t:

x = 4sin^2(t)

x' = d/dt(4sin^2(t))

= 8sin(t)cos(t)

= 4sin(2t)

y = 4cos^2(t)

y' = d/dt(4cos^2(t))

= -8cos(t)sin(t)

= -4sin(2t)

Now, let's calculate the length of the curve using the arc length formula:

L = ∫[0, 5π] √[x'(t)^2 + y'(t)^2] dt

= ∫[0, 5π] √[16sin^2(2t) + 16sin^2(2t)] dt

= ∫[0, 5π] √[32sin^2(2t)] dt

= ∫[0, 5π] √[32sin^2(2t)] dt

= ∫[0, 5π] 4√[2sin^2(2t)] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] √[2sin^2(2t)] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] √[2(1 - cos^2(2t))] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] √[2(1 - (1 - 2sin^2(t))^2)] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] √[2(2sin^4(t))] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] √[8sin^4(t)] dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] 2sin^2(t) dt

= 8∫[0, 5π] sin^2(t) dt

We can use the trigonometric identity sin^2(t) = (1 - cos(2t))/2 to simplify the integral further:

L = 8∫[0, 5π] sin^2(t) dt

= 8∫[0, 5π] (1 - cos(2t))/2 dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] (1 - cos(2t)) dt

= 4∫[0, 5π] dt - 4∫[0, 5π] cos(2t) dt

The integral of dt over the interval [0, 5π] is simply the length of the interval, which is 5π - 0 = 5π. The integral of cos(2t) over the same interval is zero since the cosine function is periodic with period π.

Therefore, the length of the curve is given by:

L = 4(5π) - 4(0)

= 20π

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SOLUTION:

Step 1:

In this question, we are given the following:

Step 2:

The details of the solution are as follows:

From the diagram, we can see that:

Answer:

D just imagine a straight flat line going through y=4