If you realize you are moving too quickly as you approach a curve, you should gently apply the brakes and slow down before entering the curve, without braking hard or swerving sharply.
When approaching a curve at high speed, sudden braking or sharp swerving can cause a loss of balance or traction, which may result in a skid or rollover. To avoid this, it is important to maintain a safe and appropriate speed for the road conditions, and to brake and steer smoothly and gradually.
When approaching a curve, it is also a good idea to look ahead and anticipate any changes in the road, such as sharp turns or steep hills, and adjust your speed and steering accordingly. By driving cautiously and attentively, and being prepared for unexpected situations, you can help ensure your safety and the safety of others on the road.
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A square plate of titanium is 12cm along the top, 12cm on the right side, and 5mm thick. A normal tensile force of 15kN is applied to the top side of the plate. A normal tensile force of 20kN is applied to the right side of the plate. The elastic modulus, E, is 115 GPa for titanium.If the left and bottom edges of the plate are fixed, calculate the normal strain and elongation of both the TOP and RIGHT side of the plate.
Answer:
\(X_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
\(e_t=0.0026\)
\(e_r=0.0035\)
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Dimension \(12*12\)
Thickness \(l_t=5mm=5*10^-3\)
Normal tensile force on top side \(F_t= 15kN\)
Normal tensile force on right side \(F_r= 20kN\)
Elastic modulus, \(E=115Gpap=>115*10^9\)
Generally the equation for Normal Strain X is mathematically given by
\(X=\frac{Force}{Area*E}\)
Therefore
For Top
\(X_t=\frac{Force_t}{Area*E}\)
Where
\(Area=L*B*T\)
\(Area=12*10^{-2}*5*10^{-3}\)
\(Area=6*10^{-4}\)
\(X_t=\frac{15*10^3}{6*10^{-4}*115*10^9}\)
\(X_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}\)
For Right side\(X_r=\frac{Force_r}{Area*E}\)
Where
Area=L*B*T
\(Area=12*10^{-2}*5*10^{-3}\)
\(Area=6*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
\(X_r=2.89855072*10^{-4}\)
Generally the equation for elongation is mathematically given by
\(e=strain *12\)
For top
\(e_t=2.17391304*10^{-4}*12\)
\(e_t=0.0026\)
For Right
\(e_r=2.89855072*10^{-4} *12\)
\(e_r=0.0035\)
Three coordinate systems (x0, yo, zo), (x1, yi, zı), (x2, y2, 22), with their origins at the same point, are related in the following way: (positive rotations are counterclockwise) (x1, yi, zı) is obtained from (x0, Yo, zo) by a counterclockwise rotation of 30 degrees about the y axis. (x2, y2, 22) is obtained from (x1, yi, 21) by a clockwise rotation of 60 degrees about the z axis. The following three vectors are expressed in terms of coordinate system (X2, y2, 22): u= (0,3, 2)T, v =(5, 4, 7)T, w = (1, 1, 1)T Express each of these three vectors in terms of coordinate system (x0, yo, zo)
Rotation matrices depict rotations about the origin since matrix multiplication has no impact on the zero vector (the coordinates of the origin).
For calculations in geometry, physics, and computer graphics, rotation matrices are frequently utilized because they offer an algebraic explanation of these rotations.
Rx (0)=1 0 0 0 is the rotation matrix for the x-axis, y-axis, and three axes. Cose -sine o Ry(0)= [coso o -sine o sine 0 cos (assuming counterclockwise rotation positive) U
When rotating repeatedly, the rotation matrix is given by OR2 = 1R2x R1 Rz (-60) Ry (30)
[MRn] stands for the rotation matrix used to transform frome [m]. nth frame vector to [Angles are positive for cc o stad and negative for clal]
N\s(cos(-66) (0830 Sin) -sm(to) 0 (-60) COX(-60) o 1 0 Cox 30 = 0.5 0.366 o -0.866 0.5 0 0 0.866 -0.5 (0.433 0.866 0.25 -0.75 0.5 -0.433 0.5 0 0.866 0.433 0.866 0.25 -o.TS -0.5 0.5 -0.43 0.864 3.098 0.6339 1.732.
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A group of engineers meets with a local farm cooperative to discuss features of a new fertilizer. What stage of the product development life cycle is this?
detailed product design
concept development
product planning
product systems design
Answer:
i think it is concept development
Explanation:
Unless otherwise authorized, two-way radio communications with Air Traffic Control are required for landings or takeoffs
A at all tower controlled airports regardless of weather conditions.
B at all tower controlled airports only when weather conditions are less than VFR.
C at all tower controlled airports within Class D airspace only when weather conditions are less than VFR.
Unless otherwise authorized, two-way radio communications with Air Traffic Control are required for landings or takeoffs at all tower controlled airports only when weather conditions are less than VFR.
Two-way radio communications with Air Traffic Control (ATC) are required for landings or takeoffs at all tower controlled airports, but this requirement applies specifically when the weather conditions are less than Visual Flight Rules (VFR). VFR refers to weather conditions that allow pilots to operate the aircraft using visual references, such as clear visibility and suitable cloud clearance. When weather conditions are less than VFR, pilots are required to communicate with ATC to ensure safe operations and receive guidance or instructions.
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When a process is in a state of statistical control, all of the points on a control chart should fall within the control limits. However, it is undesirable that all of the points should fall extremely near, or exactly on, the centerline of the control chart. Why?
it is undesirable that all of the points should fall extremely near, or exactly on, the centerline of the control chart Because:
It can make it difficult to interpret patterns and draw conclusions in a run chart.It can lead hinder the process, and make it unstable.When a data point falls outside the control limits of a run chart ?If a data point falls is said to outside the control limits, we can say that the process is said to be out of one's control and it is good that an investigation is done to ascertain and remove the cause or causes.
So, it is undesirable that all of the points should fall extremely near, or exactly on, the centerline of the control chart Because:
It can make it difficult to interpret patterns and draw conclusions in a run chart.It can lead hinder the process, and make it unstable.Learn more about data point from
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For each graphically defined function below, state the domain, the range, and the intervals on which the function is increasing, decreasing, or constant.Domain:Range:Increasing:Decreasing:Constant Intervals?
It appears that the graphically defined function was not provided in your question. In order to provide an accurate answer, please provide the details of the function or a description of the graph.
Once you provide the necessary information, I'll be more than happy to help you determine the domain, range, increasing, decreasing, and constant intervals of the function.
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given rectangle abcd prove ac=bd
Rectangle ABCD is given.
To prove ac=bd
Show that the following is true: AC BD AB CD. Parallel sides A, B, and C and D exist. A D and B C are parallel sides.At a location designated as X, the diagonals B, D, and A cross one another.
Statement Rectangle Reason ABCD Given
A rectangle's opposite sides are congruent.
DC¯¯¯¯¯≅DC
ADC and BCD form a right angle.
Congruent angles are all just angles.Congruence of ADC, BCD, and SAS Postulate
AD¯¯¯¯¯≅BC ¯¯¯¯¯AB ¯¯¯¯¯≅ DC ¯¯¯¯¯AC ¯¯¯¯¯≅BD ∠ADC≅∠BCD∠ACD≅∠BDC
Perpendicular lines explained Transitive Congruence Property Reflexive Congruence Property the meaning of rectangle
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What type of social engineering targets particular?.
Social engineering is a technique used by cybercriminals to manipulate people into divulging their confidential data. Social engineers exploit the human psyche and their behavior to get access to sensitive information. Social engineering targets are specific, and they use various tactics to achieve their goals.
Several different types of social engineering attacks target specific groups of individuals. Below are some types of social engineering attacks.Phishing is a type of social engineering attack that is widely used by attackers. It is an attempt to trick the victim into clicking on a link that leads to a fraudulent website. The attacker can then steal the user's confidential data, such as login credentials, banking information, or personal data.Spear phishingSpear phishing is a more sophisticated type of social engineering attack. It is specifically designed to target particular individuals or groups. Spear phishing attempts to gain access to sensitive data through targeted emails, social media messages, or other communication channels. Attackers often use personal information or context-specific information to create a more convincing and personalized message.TailgatingTailgating is another type of social engineering attack that targets a particular individual or group. It occurs when a cybercriminal gains access to a restricted area by following someone who has authorized access. The attacker pretends to be an employee or a delivery person, and they wait outside the restricted area to follow an authorized employee as they enter the restricted area.BaitingBaiting is another type of social engineering attack that targets a particular individual. It occurs when an attacker leaves a physical device, such as a USB drive, in a public place, such as a parking lot or office building. The device is labeled with something like "Payroll Information," "Confidential," or another similar title. If the device is picked up and plugged into a computer, it can install malware onto the system. Malware can then be used to steal sensitive information. In conclusion, social engineering attacks use various tactics and techniques to target specific individuals or groups. These attacks can be difficult to detect, but by being aware of the types of social engineering attacks, individuals can better protect themselves from these types of attacks.
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I need help on this ASAP PLZ?
Answer:
Explanation:
7. False
8. True
9. True
10.True
11. True
A horizontal force P is applied to a 130 kN box resting on a 33 incline. The line of action of P passes through the center of gravity of the box. The box is 5m wide x 5m tall, and the coefficient of static friction between the box and the surface is u=0.15. Determine the smallest magnitude of the force P that will cause the box to slip or tip first. Specify what will happen first, slipping or tipping.
Answer:
SECTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES
By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:
Distinguish between static friction and kinetic friction
Solve problems involving inclined planes
Section Key Terms
kinetic friction static friction
Static Friction and Kinetic Friction
Recall from the previous chapter that friction is a force that opposes motion, and is around us all the time. Friction allows us to move, which you have discovered if you have ever tried to walk on ice.
There are different types of friction—kinetic and static. Kinetic friction acts on an object in motion, while static friction acts on an object or system at rest. The maximum static friction is usually greater than the kinetic friction between the objects.
Imagine, for example, trying to slide a heavy crate across a concrete floor. You may push harder and harder on the crate and not move it at all. This means that the static friction responds to what you do—it increases to be equal to and in the opposite direction of your push. But if you finally push hard enough, the crate seems to slip suddenly and starts to move. Once in motion, it is easier to keep it in motion than it was to get it started because the kinetic friction force is less than the static friction force. If you were to add mass to the crate, (for example, by placing a box on top of it) you would need to push even harder to get it started and also to keep it moving. If, on the other hand, you oiled the concrete you would find it easier to get the crate started and keep it going.
Figure 5.33 shows how friction occurs at the interface between two objects. Magnifying these surfaces shows that they are rough on the microscopic level. So when you push to get an object moving (in this case, a crate), you must raise the object until it can skip along with just the tips of the surface hitting, break off the points, or do both. The harder the surfaces are pushed together (such as if another box is placed on the crate), the more force is needed to move them.
PLEASE HELP QUICK!!
Follow the instructions for the problem.
Suppose you are Mr. X working as an assistant engineer at DESCO. One day you tested a transformer of rating 30KVA, 2400/120 V, and 50Hz and found the following data:
Low voltage winding resistance=0.1Ω
Low voltage leakage reactance=0.22 Ω
The high voltage winding resistance=0.035 Ω
High voltage leakage reactance=0.012 Ω
R01= 14.1 Ω
R02= 0.03525Ω
Calculations and ParametersGiven:
K= E2/E1 = 120/2400
= 0.5
R1= 0.1 Ω, X1= 0.22Ω
R2= 0.035Ω, X2= 0.012Ω
The equivalence resistance as referred to both primary and secondary,
R01= R1 + R2
= R1 + R2/K2
= 0.1 + (0.035/9(0.05)^2)
= 14.1 Ω
R02= R2 + R1
=R2 + K^2.R1
= 0.035 + (0.05)^2 * 0.1
= 0.03525Ω
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When does work occur
an extension clause allows the date of maturity of an instrument to be extended into the future. TRUE or FALSE?
True. an extension clause allows the date of maturity of an instrument to be extended into the future
An extension clause allows the date of maturity of an instrument, such as a loan or bond, to be extended into the future. This clause provides the option to prolong the repayment period or maturity date beyond the originally agreed-upon date. It allows the parties involved to modify the terms of the instrument and agree on a new maturity date, providing flexibility and the opportunity to adjust the repayment schedule based on changing circumstances or needs. The extension clause is typically included in the contract or agreement governing the instrument and must be mutually agreed upon by all parties involved.
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Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use emails_for_help.set() instead89
I am new to Django and didn't find any reference regarding this issue. I am getting this error when i use many to many field in Django model (models.py). I guess the issue is assigning m2m field in view(views.py) from form(forms.py).
How to assign m2m field in view? (Django version 2.0, python - 3.5)
models.py
class User(AbstractUser):
username=models.CharField(max_length=20)
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
class Setupuser(models.Model):
organization=models.CharField(max_length=200,blank=False,null=True)
emails_for_help = models.ManyToManyField(User)
views.py
class Set_user(FormView):
template_name="pkm_templates/set_up_user.html"
form_class = Set_User_Form
success_url = '/thanks/'
def form_valid(self, form):
org = form.cleaned_data.get('organization')
emails = form.cleaned_data.get("emails_for_help")
instance = Setupuser(organization=org,emails_for_help=emails)
instance.save()
return redirect("/")
forms.py
class Set_User_Form(ModelForm):
emails_for_help = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(
queryset=User.objects.all(),
widget=forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple
)
class Meta:
model = Setupuser
fields = ["organization","emails_for_help"]
Using the knowledge in computational language in python it is possible to write a code that Use emails_for_help.set() instead89 I am new to Django.
Writing the codeA high-level, all-purpose programming language is Python. Code readability is prioritized in its design philosophy, which makes heavy use of indentation.
class User(AbstractUser): username=models.CharField(max_length=20) email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)class Setupuser(models.Model): organization=models.CharField(max_length=200,blank=False,null=True) emails_for_help = models.ManyToManyField(User)class Set_user(FormView):
template_name="pkm_templates/set_up_user.html" form_class = Set_User_Form success_url = '/thanks/' def form_valid(self, form): org = form.cleaned_data.get('organization') emails = form.cleaned_data.get("emails_for_help")
instance = Setupuser(organization=org,emails_for_help=emails) instance.save() return redirect("/")class Set_User_Form(ModelForm): emails_for_help = forms.Model
MultipleChoiceField( queryset=User.objects.all(), widget=forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple ) class Meta: model = Setupuser fields = ["organization","emails_for_help"]
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it is either stored inside a variable, printed out, and used in a boolean expression
A Value is either stored inside a variable, printed out, and used in a boolean expression.
What is Boolean Expression?A Boolean expression is a type of expression used in programming languages that produces a Boolean value when evaluated. A Boolean value can only be true or false.
George Boole, an English mathematician, gave his name to the Boolean algebra. Boole invented a new branch of algebra called Boolean Algebra, in which the value of true is 1 and the value of false is 0. There are three major logical operations in Boolean Algebra: AND, OR, and NOT.1
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A slab-milling operation is performed on a 0.7 m long, 30 mm-wide cast-iron block with a feed of 0.25 mm/tooth and depth of cut of 3 mm. The cutter has a diameter of 75 mm, has 8 cutting teeth, and rotates at 200 rpm. Calculate the cutting time and material removal rate.
Answer:
a) \(T_m=1.787min\)
b) \(MRR=35259.7mm^3/min\)
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Cast-iron block Dimension:
Length\(l=0.7m=>700mm\)
Width \(w=30mm\)
Feed\(F=0.25mm/tooth\)
Depth \(dp=3mm\)
Diameter \(d=75mm\)
Number of cutting teeth \(n=8\)
Rotation speed \(N=200rpm\)
Generally the equation for Approach is mathematically given by
\(x=\sqrt{Dd-d^2}\)
\(X=\sqrt{75*3-3^2}\)
\(X=14.69mm\)
Therefore
Effective length is given as
\(L_e=Approach +object Length\)
\(L_e=700+14.69\)
\(L_e=714.69mm\)
a)
Generally the equation for Machine Time is mathematically given by
\(T_m=\frac{L_e}{F_m}\)
Where
\(F_m=F*n*N\)
\(F_m=0.25*8*200\)
\(F_m=400\)
Therefore
\(T_m=\frac{714.69}{400}\)
\(T_m=1.787min\)
b)
Generally the equation for Material Removal Rate. is mathematically given by
\(MRR=\frac{L*B*d}{t_m}\)
\(MRR=\frac{700*30*3}{1.787}\)
\(MRR=35259.7mm^3/min\)
Through Engineering, human achievement continues to advance. Write about your favorite example of engineering in action and what impresses you about it from an Engineering standpoint.
Hydroelectric power plants are outstanding engineering devices that allow people to obtain energy from renewable sources.
What is a hydroelectric power plant?A hydroelectric power plant is a center for the production of electricity based on hydropower energy systems.
Hydroelectric power plants exploit the energy of water masses (e.g., a stream) to produce clean energy for million of people around the world.
These plants have generators capable of converting mechanical energy into electricity by using simple turbines.
In conclusion, hydroelectric power plants are outstanding engineering devices that allow people to obtain energy from renewable sources.
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Write a program that asks the user to enter a list of numbers. The program should take the list of numbers and add only those numbers between 0 and 100 to a new list. It should then print the contents of the new list. Running the program should look something like this:
Please enter a list of numbers: 10.5 -8 105 76 83.2 206
The numbers between 0 and 100 are: 10.5 76.0 83.2
In python 3.8
nums = input("Please enter a list of numbers: ").split()
new_nums = [x for x in nums if 0 < float(x) < 100]
print("The numbers between 0 and 100 are: " + " ".join(new_nums))
When you said numbers between 0 and 100, I didn't know if that was inclusive or exclusive so I made it exclusive. I hope this helps!
A length of pipe will weigh the most when
Answer:
Mark me please as brainliest
Explanation:
A length of pipe will weigh the most when O A. part dimensions are such that the pipe is in the MMC. O B. the OD and ID are at the minimum allowable limit. OC. the OD and ID are at the maximum allowable limit. OD.part dimensions are such that the pipe is in the LMC
Answer:
Part dimensions are such that the pipe is in the MMC.
Explanation:
Water flows through a turbine as shown in figure, where the pipeline upstream of the turbine has a diameter of 1.2m and the downstream pipeline has a diameter of 1.7m. The inflow section of the upstream pipeline is 4 m above the outflow section of the downstream pipeline. When the flow through the turbine is 6 m³/s, the pressure at the inflow section is 450 kPa, the pressure at the outflow section is -30 kPa, and the head loss between these two sections is estimated as 20 m. What is the power being delivered to the turbine? 450 kPa 6 m³/s 1.2 m Turbine 4 m -30 kPa 1.7 m
To find the power being delivered to the turbine, we need to use the equation for power, which is:
Power = (density of water) x (flow rate) x (head) x (efficiency)
where density of water is 1000 kg/m³ and efficiency is assumed to be 100% for this problem.
First, we need to find the head, which is the difference in height between the inflow and outflow sections of the pipeline, plus the head loss due to friction. The head loss can be calculated using the Darcy-Weisbach equation:
head loss = (friction factor) x (length of pipeline) x [(velocity)^2 / (2 x gravitational constant) x (diameter)]
where the friction factor can be estimated using the Moody chart, and the velocity can be calculated as the flow rate divided by the cross-sectional area of the pipeline.
Using these equations and given values, we can find the head loss to be:
velocity = flow rate / (π x (diameter/2)^2) = 6 / (π x (1.2/2)^2) = 2.66 m/s
friction factor = 0.017 (from Moody chart)
length of pipeline = 4 m (from problem statement)
diameter = 1.2 m (from problem statement)
head loss = (0.017) x (4) x [(2.66)^2 / (2 x 9.81) x (1.2)] = 1.43 m
Adding the height difference between the inflow and outflow sections of the pipeline, we get the total head:
head = 4 + 1.43 + 20 = 25.43 m
Now, we can calculate the power using the formula for power:
Power = (density of water) x (flow rate) x (head) x (efficiency) = 1000 x 6 x 25.43 x 1 = 152,580 W or 152.58 kW
Therefore, the power being delivered to the turbine is approximately 152.58 kW.
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There is a test table for rotating equipment in which there is a centrifugal pump and a fan. determine the response of the system in steady state if the equipment is working under normal operating conditions. consider the table as a solid plate simply supported with its mass acting as a point force at its centroid.
The response of the system in steady state can be determined by considering the behavior of the centrifugal pump and the fan individually.
For the centrifugal pump, under normal operating conditions, it will generate a pressure rise and create a flow rate through the system. The pressure rise is due to the conversion of mechanical energy into fluid pressure, while the flow rate represents the volume of fluid being pumped. The pump's response in steady state will depend on factors such as the pump's design, impeller size, and operating speed.
As for the fan, it will produce a flow of air or gas. The fan's response in steady state will depend on factors like the fan's design, blade geometry, and rotational speed. The fan will create a pressure difference across the blades, resulting in the flow of air or gas.
Since the table is considered as a solid plate simply supported, its mass will act as a point force at its centroid. This means that the table's weight will be evenly distributed across the plate's support points, resulting in a balanced load distribution.
In conclusion, under normal operating conditions, the response of the system in steady state will be characterized by the pressure rise and flow rate generated by the centrifugal pump, as well as the flow of air or gas produced by the fan. The table, being a solid plate simply supported, will have a balanced load distribution due to its mass acting as a point force at its centroid.
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create fsm diagram to the following:1. The vending machine holds only one product. 2. The product costs 15 pounds. 3. The vending machine accept only currency denominations are 5 and 10 pounds. 4. For example: If the student enter 5 pounds only to the machine it will wait (Wtime) 30 second for the rest (Rmoney). 5. If the 30 second finished and the student didn’t enter the rest it will back the 5 pounds. 6. For example: If the student enter 10 pounds then enter 10 pounds aga
To create an FSM (Finite State Machine) diagram for the given requirements, we can describe it using states, transitions, and actions.
Here's a textual representation of the FSM:States:
Idle
Wait_for_5
Wait_for_10
Wtime
Transitions:
A. User inserts 5 poundsB. User inserts 10 poundsC. 30 seconds (Wtime) passD. Dispense productE. Refund 5 poundsF. Refund 10 poundsThe sequence begins at the "Idle" state, then transitions to "Wait_for_10" via pathway A. Afterwards, pathway B takes the transmission to "Wtime," which brings it back to "Idle" through C and ultimately advances to "Wait_for_5." The final pathway is A taking "Wait_for_5" to lead to "Wtime."
The system begins in the Idle state, awaiting money from the user. If the individual inserts 5 pounds (A), this action prompts a transition to the Wait_for_10 state. Assuming that the user then places another 5 pounds whilst within the Wait_for_10 state (A), the apparatus changes over to the Wtime state, subsequently doling-out the product 30 seconds later(C)(D).
Alternatively, if the consumer introduces 10 pounds when they are in the Wait_for_10 state(B), the machine will refund them with ten pounds(F), transporting them back to the Idle state.
If the customer presents £10 in the idle means(B), thee operation switches to the Wait_for_5 status, during which entrance of another£10 causes a shift to the time phase, resulting in the boat being dispatched after waiting for seconds (C)(D).
Moreover, if an individual gives away 5 pounds within the Wait_for_5 stage(A), the appliance changeover to the Wtime condition and transmits out the manufactured article 30 seconds later(C)(D). Ultimately, if 30 seconds elapse while in the Wtime stage without placing the remaining sumof money as stipulated by dispensation rules,the machine returns fivepounds in a refund(E) before restarting itself at the theIdlestate.
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Why is formwork used in construction
Formwork is a temporary structure that is used in construction to provide support and shape to freshly poured concrete until it is strong enough to stand on its own.
It is a crucial component of any construction project as it ensures that the concrete is poured into the desired shape and size, and prevents any potential collapses or deformations. Additionally, formwork helps to create a smooth and uniform finish to the concrete surface, which is important for both aesthetic and functional purposes. Overall, formwork is an essential tool in modern construction, providing a safe and reliable method of shaping and supporting concrete structures.
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noooo plssschvwekjshdjkshdjkshdjksahdk
Answer:
chehdhfhfhd
Explanation:
fjrjshrhdhr
... is an actual sequence of interactions (i.e., an instance) describing one specific situation; a ... is a general sequence of interactions (i.e., a class) describing all possible ... associated with a situation. ... are used as examples and for clarifying details with the client. ... are used as complete descriptions to specify a user task or a set of related system features.
Answer:
ScenarioUse caseScenariosScenariosUse caseExplanation:
A scenario is an actual sequence of interactions (i.e., an instance) describing one specific situation; a use case is a general sequence of interactions (i.e., a class) describing all possible scenarios associated with a situation. Scenarios are used as examples and for clarifying details with the client. Use cases are used as complete descriptions to specify a user task or a set of related system features.
a reversed cycle operating as a air conditioner uses r-134a as the working fluid. it is designed to operate within the saturation 2 phase vapor-liquid dome with a minimum pressure of 0.700 mpa and a maximum pressure of 1.60 mpa. what is the maximum possible coefficient of performance of the air conditioner?
The maximum possible coefficient of performance of this air conditioner is 2.5.
How to find maximum possible coefficient?The maximum possible coefficient of performance of an air conditioner is determined by the following equation:
\(COP = (h_e - h_f) / w\)
where:
COP = coefficient of performance
h_e = enthalpy of the refrigerant at the evaporator
h_f = enthalpy of the refrigerant at the condenser
w = work done by the compressor
The enthalpy of the refrigerant at the evaporator and the condenser can be determined from the refrigerant tables. The work done by the compressor can be determined from the compressor efficiency.
The maximum possible coefficient of performance of an air conditioner is therefore determined by the refrigerant properties and the compressor efficiency.
In this case, the refrigerant is R-134a and the compressor efficiency is 80%. The refrigerant tables show that the enthalpy of R-134a at 0.700 MPa and 273 K is 247.1 kJ/kg and the enthalpy of R-134a at 1.60 MPa and 313 K is 415.7 kJ/kg.
Substituting these values into the equation for COP:
COP = (247.1 kJ/kg - 415.7 kJ/kg) / (0.8 × 100 kW) = 2.5
Therefore, the maximum possible coefficient of performance of this air conditioner is 2.5.
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What is your creative solution for clean, sustainable, and accessible energy?
1. A ball is released from rest from the roof of a 10 metre high building. A water
hose is located 12 metres from the base of the building. Water exits the hose at a
height of 1.5 m above the ground with velocity of 15 m/s.
(a) Determine the angle that the hose must be positioned at so that the water strikes
the ball
(b)
What is the height above the ground where the water strikes the ball?
Does the water strike the ball when the water is rising or falling?
(C)
(d)
What is the relative velocity of the water with respect to the ball when they
intersect?
Para un intercambiador de calor encargado de precalentar pulpa de fruta, se utiliza agua caliente que entra a 180°C y sale a 78°C, mientras que la pulpa de fruta entra a 3°C y sube su temperatura hasta 55°C. Realizar los esquemas de perfil de temperaturas para un intercambiador de calor que funcione en paralelo y en contracorriente. Además, calcular LMTD.
Answer:
La diferencia media logarítimica de temperatura del intercambiador en paralelo es aproximadamente 75.466 ºC.
La diferencia media logarítmica de temperatura del intercambiador en contracorriente es aproximadamente 97.881 ºC.
Explanation:
De la teoría de Transferencia de Calor tenemos que un intercambiador de calor en paralelo presenta las siguientes dos características:
1) Tanto el fluido caliente como el fluido frío entran por el mismo lado.
2) Tanto el fluido caliente como el fluido frío salen por el mismo lado.
Mientras que el intercambiador de calor en contracorriente tiene que:
1) El fluido caliente y el fluido frío entran por lados opuestos.
2) El fluido caliente y el fluido frío salen por lados opuestos.
A continuación, anexamos los esquemas de perfil de cada intercambiador.
Ahora, la Diferencia Media Logarítimica de Temperatura (\(\Delta T_{lm}\)), medida en grados Celsius, queda definida como sigue:
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{\Delta T_{1}-\Delta T_{2}}{\ln \frac{\Delta T_{1}}{\Delta T_{2}} }\) (Eq. 1)
Donde \(\Delta T_{1}\) y \(\Delta T_{2}\) son las diferencias de temperatura de los fluidos en cada extremo del intercambiador, medido en grados Celsius.
Procedemos a determinar esas diferencias y la Diferencia Media Logarítimica de Temperatura para cada configuración:
Intercambiador en paralelo
\(\Delta T_{1} = 180\,^{\circ}C-3\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{1} = 177\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 78\,^{\circ}C - 55\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 23\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{177\,^{\circ}C-23\,^{\circ}C}{\ln \frac{177\,^{\circ}C}{23\,^{\circ}C} }\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} \approx 75.466\,^{\circ}C\)
La diferencia media logarítimica de temperatura del intercambiador en paralelo es aproximadamente 75.466 ºC.
Intercambiador en contracorriente
\(\Delta T_{1} = 180\,^{\circ}C-55\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{1} = 125\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 78\,^{\circ}C-3\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 75\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{125\,^{\circ}C-75\,^{\circ}C}{\ln \frac{125\,^{\circ}C}{75\,^{\circ}C} }\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} \approx 97.881\,^{\circ}C\)
La diferencia media logarítmica de temperatura del intercambiador en contracorriente es aproximadamente 97.881 ºC.
Consider a condenser in which steam at a specified temperature is condensed by rejecting heat to the cooling water. If the heat transfer rate in the condenser and the temperature rise of the cooling water is known, explain how the rate of condensation of the steam and the mass flow rate of the cooling water can be determined. Also, explain how the total thermal resistance R of this condenser can be evaluated in this case.
Answer:
Q = [ mCp ( ΔT) ] \(_{cooling water }\)
(ΔT)\(_{cooling water}\) and Q is given
\(m_{cooling water}\) = \(\frac{Q}{Cp[ T_{out} - T_{in} ] }\)
next the rate of condensation of the steam
Q = [ m\(h_{fg}\) ]\(_{steam}\)
\(m_{steam} = \frac{Q}{h_{fg} }\)
Total resistance of the condenser is
R = \(\frac{Q}{change in T_{cooling water } }\)
Explanation:
How will the rate of condensation of the steam and the mass flow rate of the cooling water can be determined
Q = [ mCp ( ΔT) ] \(_{cooling water }\)
(ΔT)\(_{cooling water}\) and Q is given
\(m_{cooling water}\) = \(\frac{Q}{Cp[ T_{out} - T_{in} ] }\)
next the rate of condensation of the steam
Q = [ m\(h_{fg}\) ]\(_{steam}\)
\(m_{steam} = \frac{Q}{h_{fg} }\)
Total resistance of the condenser is
R = \(\frac{Q}{change in T_{cooling water } }\)