are some biofilms dangerous to human health​

Answer:

The answer is B and D

Explanation:

I just did it

Answer:

b and d

Explanation:

I just did it on USA test prep

Answer:

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen

Explanation:

The statement that indicates the way in which the body's natural defense protect the skin from UV damage is "Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen." The correct option is D.

Psoriasis can be caused by UV rays emitted by the sun or contrived references such as sunbeds.

UV rays can lead to premature skin ageing process and sun damage symptoms such as age spots, bristly skin, liver spots, actinic keratosis, and solar elastosis. UV rays could also harm the eyes.

Ultraviolet radiation has an impact on both humans and wildlife. UV-B radiation hinders the cellular activities including almost all green plants.

There is concern that ozone depletion will result in the extinction of plant species and a reduction in global food supply.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Your question seems incomplete. The probable missing options may be:

As electrons are passed through the chain, they move from a higher to a lower energy level, releasing energy. Some of the energy is used to pump H ions, which move out of the matrix and into the intermembrane space. This type of pumping establishes an electrochemical gradient.

The electron transport chain is a series of proteins and organic molecules found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Electrons are passed from one component of the transport chain to another in a series of redox reactions. The energy released in these reactions is captured in the form of a proton gradient, which is used to produce ATP in a process called chemiosmosis. Together, the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis form oxidative phosphorylation.

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1. After analyzing the data in the table the relationship between the type of excreta, the type of organism and its environment can be shown.

A. Ammonia excretion, or ammonotelicism, is a characteristic of aquatic organisms such as fish, tadpoles, and aquatic insects. These organisms are found in aquatic habitats with lots of water to dilute and remove highly soluble ammonia.

B. Mammals, adult amphibians, and some marine fish all exhibit Ureotelism,, which involves the excretion of urea. Although not the same as aquatic organisms, these organisms have access to water.

C. In reptiles, birds and insects, Uricotelism - characterized by the excretion of uric acid - is observed. Mostly, these species are found in arid or terrestrial habitats with little access to water.

2. The toxicity, water solubility and energy requirements associated with each mechanism in relation to the unique characteristics of these organisms and their environment can be used to explain the reported excretion patterns in turtles, tortoises and snakes.

Most turtles, tortoises and snakes are terrestrial or semi-aquatic creatures, and they often live in areas with little access to fresh water. This element is important in finding out how they excrete waste.

The toxicity of the waste products must also be taken into account. Even though the process of excreting ammonia (ammonotelism) will use less energy, ammonia toxicity can be harmful to cells, especially in animals such as birds and reptiles where prolonged exposure to waste products is expected.

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Function is an exponential growth function or exponential decay function  it is an exponential decay function, as it starts at infinity and ends at 0.

For exponential functions, we see that our end behavior goes to infinity as our input values get larger. The larger the base of our exponential function, the faster the growth. For logarithmic functions, our function grows slowly as our input values get larger.

Examples of such phenomena include the studies of populations, bacteria, the AIDS virus, radioactive substances, electricity, temperatures and credit payments, to mention a few. Any quantity that grows or decays by a fixed percent at regular intervals is said to possess exponential growth or exponential decay.

Based on the shape of the exponential decay graph, we have the following end behavior: As , x → − ∞ , . y → ∞ . As , x → ∞.

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Answer:

The answer is  detritus.

Explanation:

The Golden Rice will improve the sustainability of the community in the following ways:

Golden rice is a type of rice created by genetic engineering that allows the edible sections of the grain to generate beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. Hence, it helps in the prevention of diseases due to a lack of vitamin A.

It has improved yield and hence, boosts the economic, social, and environmental well-being of the community.

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Answer:

Australia

Explanation:

they got wild fires to keep them warm

Question reformatted:

Circle the word that best completes the statement about cell theory.

6. The cell theory states that:

i. All organisms are made of organelles / cells.

ii. All existing cells are produced by other living / dead cells.

iii. The atom / cell is the most basic unit of life.

7. Cell theory is one of the great unifying theories of biology / chemistry

Answer:

6. The cell theory states that:

i. All organisms are made of cells.

ii. All existing cells are produced by other living cells.

iii. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

7. Cell theory is one of the great unifying theories of biology

Explanation:

Cell theory is one of the central theories of biology and is universally accepted. It states that all organisms are cellular - that is they are made of cells. It also states that all living things come from other living cells (not spontaneously, or from dead cells). The cell is the most basic unit of life, organisms can be unicellular, but no living thing is 'less' than that.

Answer:

Explanation:

Blastula is an early stage of embryo development, it is the continuation of t morula which is when the zygote is moved to uterus.

Cells in blastula are actively dividing as formation is still taken place, and are used because this dividing cells are very large and can be easily seen. The chromosomes of Blastula are also more visible than human chromosomes hence necessitates it uses.

The plant tissues are the parenchyma, collenchyma, pith, protoxylem, meta xylem, xylem, phloem, sclerenchyma, cortex, and epidermis.

What are the uses of plant tissues?

Aid in the mechanical strength of organs. They contribute to the organs' elasticity and flexibility. They divide to create new cells and aid in plant growth. They contribute to cellular metabolisms such as photosynthesis, regeneration, and respiration.

The following are the locations of different plant tissues

Therefore, plant tissues are spread all over the plant and help in various functions.

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Answer:

Two parts of a prokaryote that are also found in plant or animal cells are the cell wall and the ribosomes.

The word "Pneumococcus" tells you the shape of this bacteria. The word "coccus" is derived from the Greek word for "sphere" and it refers to the spherical shape of this bacteria. A common English word that would describe the shape of this bacteria would be "round".

Knowledge about cyanobacteria is important because they are the oldest known form of life on Earth, and they produce oxygen through photosynthesis, which is necessary for the survival of many other organisms. Additionally, cyanobacteria are an important source of biofuel.

Knowledge about bacteria such as salmonella or e-coli is important because these bacteria can cause food poisoning if consumed, and can also spread from person to person through physical contact or through contact with contaminated surfaces.

The process that allows bacteria to reproduce is called binary fission

The term "epithelium" refers to layers of cells that line hollow organs and glands. It is also those cells that make up the outer surface of the body.

1) simple squamous; 2) simple cuboidal; 3) simple columnar; and 4) pseudostratified.

If the orbit around the sun slowed down, there won't be much effect about

how we view the star and it will only take the Earth more time to complete its

orbit around the Sun.

The solar system involve the following:

This is because the Stars don't revolve around the galaxy. They move at

random speed and directions as in the sky according to its conditions we

have right now. There will be no effect on how we view the constellations.

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Answer: parasitism can help shape biodiversity by exerting selective pressure on host populations and by contributing to the diversity of parasitic organisms themselves.

Explanation: Parasitism is a form of symbiotic relationship where one organism, the parasite, benefits while the other, the host, is harmed. Parasites can have a significant impact on the biodiversity of an ecosystem by selecting and shaping the characteristics of their host species.

Parasites have evolved to infect specific hosts, which means that their survival and reproduction are tied to the existence of their host. As a result, parasites can exert selective pressure on the host population, favoring certain traits and characteristics that make the hosts more resistant or susceptible to infection.

This selective pressure can lead to evolutionary changes in the host population, which can lead to increased genetic diversity. For example, if a parasite infects a population of fish and selects for fish that have more effective immune systems, then those fish will be more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous traits to their offspring. This can ultimately lead to the development of new species.

Furthermore, parasites themselves can be incredibly diverse. Studies have shown that parasites can account for a significant percentage of the total biodiversity in an ecosystem. By infecting different hosts and adapting to different environments, parasites can influence the evolution of their hosts and contribute to overall biodiversity.

Answer:

Parasitism, in common with competition, facilitation, and predation, could regulate BD-EF relationships. Parasitism affects host phenotypes, including changes to host morphology, behavior, and physiology, which might increase intra- and interspecific functional diversity.

Explanation:

have a nice day.

Water - Roots is the following photosynthesis inputs which is the correclty paired with the tissue or the structure which is responsible for the bringing it into the plant

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy from the sun to transform carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose. Glucose is used to make other molecules, such as proteins and lipids, which are necessary for survival. The process of photosynthesis requires light, carbon dioxide, and water. Light energy from the sun is absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules in the plant’s leaves. The energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere while the glucose is used by the plant for energy or stored for later use. Photosynthesis is essential for the existence of almost all life on Earth, as it provides the energy that powers the entire food chain.

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Optimism bias is the perception towards risk that Mary has.

The optimistic bias is a term to refer to the human tendency to see the future positively and better compared to the past and the present. The optimistic bias includes the tendency to underestimate the possibility of negative things happening, such as illness, car accidents, and unemployment.

According to the above, Maria has a perception of optimistic bias because she is underestimating the possibility of getting sick even though all of her friends have gotten sick. This may be reinforced by the fact that she is in good health and that is why she does not think it is necessary to get vaccinated.

Additionally, the degree of control, instant gratification, and catastrophe options are not correct options because they are types of perception different from optimistic bias.

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Answer:

No

Explanation:

No, plants do not take in air with their roots. Roots are designed to absorb water and minerals from the soil. In order to get the air and carbon dioxide they need for photosynthesis, plants have specialized structures called stomata in their leaves and stems that allow air to enter and exit. These stomata regulate the movement of gases into and out of the plant, so the plant can take in the carbon dioxide it needs and release the oxygen it produces.

Answer:

B,C and D

Explanation:

These are landforms because if you were to travel to the location they were seen on the map they are visible

however Elevation is not a visible mass ( it is a characteristic of a location ) and geosphere is a general term to describe the sections of the earth and atmosphere

Hope this helps!

The three examples of landforms among the options provided are mountains, coastlines, and dunes.

Landforms are natural features on the surface of the earth, such as mountains, valleys, plains, and coastlines, that have been shaped by various geological processes over time.

Mountains are large natural elevations of the earth's surface, while coastlines are the landforms where the land meets the sea, often characterized by cliffs, beaches, and bays. Dunes are hills of sand that form in deserts or near beaches due to the movement of wind.

The geosphere refers to the solid, rocky part of the earth's surface, which includes the lithosphere (outermost layer of the earth's crust) and the underlying mantle, and is not considered a landform. Elevation is a term that refers to the height of a landform relative to sea level, rather than being a landform itself.

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Answer:

Biological evolution is defined as any genetic change in a population that is inherited over several generations. These changes may be small or large, noticeable or not so noticeable.

Adaptation

In this case, a polar bear needs an adaptation that allows it to retain more and more efficiently its body heat to avoid freezing at a lower temperature than it is used to, so thicker fur would be the best adaptation to this change in the environment.

A dose of at least 20-25 grams of protein per meal is suggested by researchers as ideal to promote muscle synthesis.

The intake of the said amount of quality protein is believed to maximize muscle protein synthesis in adults. This rate is, however, highly dependent on the type of other macronutrients present and consumed. Any extra protein above this level is oxidized to release energy or converted to form organic acids and urea.

Studies show that protein intake is maximum during dinner, about 28 grams. The breakfast gives about 15 grams of protein. However, ideally, more protein should be consumed during breakfast.

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20 to 25 grams of protein per meal is an ideal dose in order to promote muscle synthesis.

Proteins are basically the building blocks of the muscles which are present in our body while the muscle protein synthesis or MPS is a naturally occurring metabolic process in which there is an incorporation of the amino acids into the bound muscle skeleton proteins.

20 to 25 grams of protein per meal is said to be an ideal dose in order to promote muscle synthesis. However, the metabolism of the protein is dependent upon a number of different factors like the age of individual, the amount of lean body mass etc.

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Gametes are haploid cell that result from the meitoc division of a germ cell. In the exposed example, the correct option is A. Gametes will have either the A or a allele.

Gametes are haploid cells (n) that results from meiotic cell division. They carry half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parental cell (germ cell).

Gamete formation involves the random and independent segregation of the alleles during meiosis, which results in different chromosomal combinations in the daughter cells.

In the exposed example, there is a parental cell carrying a diallelic gene Aa. This cell divides, and each of the alleles migrate to one of the resulting gametes.

Parental cell) Aa

Gametes) A and a

The correct option is A. Gametes will have either the A or a allele.

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The sun is the source of enegry

Physicians used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat Jack's depression. This is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate specific areas of the brain. During rTMS treatment, a coil is placed on the scalp over the targeted area of the brain, and a magnetic pulse is delivered to the area. This pulse stimulates nerve cells in the brain, and can help to improve symptoms of depression.

The exact mechanism of action of rTMS is not fully understood, but it is thought to work by increasing the activity of certain areas of the brain that are involved in regulating mood. This increased activity can lead to improvements in symptoms of depression, such as low mood, feelings of hopelessness, and lack of interest in activities.

Overall, rTMS is a safe and effective treatment option for depression that does not involve medication. It can be used in combination with other treatments, such as talk therapy or medication, to provide a comprehensive approach to treating depression.

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Answer:

Protective: bones protect internal organs e.g. the skull protects the brain and the ribcage protects the lungs and the heart. .Explanation:

Mangroves are coastal ecosystems that provide habitats, food, and protection for various species, supporting the food web.

The mangrove ecosystem is a unique and highly productive coastal habitat characterized by mangrove trees, which are specially adapted to survive in saline environments. Mangroves are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions along sheltered coastlines, estuaries, and intertidal zones.

Mangroves are vital in sustaining the ecosystem by providing various ecological services. One of their significant contributions is their role in the food web or food chain.

They serve as a critical nursery and feeding ground for a diverse range of marine species. The intricate network of roots, known as prop roots, provides habitat, protection, and feeding opportunities for numerous organisms, such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and birds.

The mangrove leaves and detritus that fall into the water serve as a source of organic matter and nutrients, fueling the base of the food web. Decomposers and detritivores break down the organic matter, which is then consumed by various organisms.

Small organisms, like zooplankton and small fish, feed on the decomposers and detritivores, becoming prey for larger predators such as fish, birds, and reptiles.

Furthermore, mangroves act as a buffer against coastal erosion and storm surges, protecting shorelines and adjacent habitats. They also contribute to water filtration, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration, and provide a habitat for numerous endangered and migratory species.

In summary, the mangrove ecosystem plays a crucial role in sustaining the food web or food chain by providing habitat, nursery areas, and food sources for a diverse array of organisms. Their presence supports the productivity and biodiversity of coastal ecosystems, making them an essential component of coastal environments worldwide.

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Answer:

option A is the metaphase and option E is the telophase

Their movement will require the input of energy. That is option B.

An active transport is defined as the movement of molecules across the cell membrane from different compartments in the living organism.

The active transport makes use of energy because of the need to move molecules from a semi permeable membrane that is against a concentration gradient.

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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two close related and complementary processes. Photosynthesis produces organic molecules and releases oxygen, which are used during cellular respiration to produce water, ATP, and CO₂.

Photosynthesis is a process plant cells go through when absorbing sunlight.

During photosynthesis, light energy and inorganic compounds are used to produce organic compounds -glucose- and release oxygen.

It occurs in chloroplasts and involves two stages: light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

• During light-dependent reactions, oxygen is released, while ATP and NADPH are produced. Both of them are used during light-independent reactions. It occurs in the thylakoid membrane in the electron transporter chain.

• The light-independent reaction occurs in the Calvin cycle in the stroma. During this stage, carbon from CO2 is fixated, and sugar molecules are synthesized

Cellular respiration is the process through which cells use organic compounds to produce energy.

Cellular respiration follows two ways, which depend on the presence or absence of oxygen, and both of them begin with the process of glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm and does not need oxygen to occur.

1. Occurs in the presence of free oxygen.

2. Series of reactions by which pyruvic acid (product of glycolysis) turns into CO₂ and H₂O, producing many ATP molecules.

3. Respiration occurs in the mitochondria.

4. Takes place in two steps or stages: Krebs cycle and electron transporter chain.

5. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle produce electrons, which then travel along the electron transporter chain while releasing energy, and ATP is produced.

1. Occurs in the absence of free oxygen

2. Series of reactions by which using pyruvate (product of glycolysis) 2 ATP molecules van be produced.

3. There are two ways in which anaerobic respiration can be produced: lactic fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.

4. Lactic fermentation produces lactic acid and 2 ATP

5. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in two steps, and the final products are ethylic alcohol, 2ATP, and 2 CO₂

6. The whole anaerobic process occurs outside the mitochondria.

Photosynthesis is complementary to cellular respiration.

Table in the attached files

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