(b) When the difference between successive IEs of a given element is exceptionally large (for example, between IE₁ and IE₂ of K), what do we learn about its electron configuration?

Answer:

0.645 liters

Explanation:

THE QUESTION IS equivalent 0.645 Liters

In order to achieve the stable electron configuration, the selenium atom obtains two electrons and adopts the Krypton configuration.

The sulfur family, which also comprises selenium, includes tellurium and polonium. Six electrons make up the outermost shell of this family. Particularly for selenium, the electron configuration is 2-8-18-6. Due to the fact that selenium has six electrons in its outermost shell, it can have a variety of valence values. In order to produce its most stable ion, a selenium atom (Se) would gain two electrons.

Since selenium is a member of the oxygen family, often known as group 16, it contains six valence electrons. It searches for two additional electrons to have a whole outer shell of eight electrons.

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Answer:

.06 M NA+

Explanation:

You go from (.02M Na3PO4 / 1) x (3 mole Na+ / 1 mole Na3PO4) = .06 M Na+

Answer:

gas is composed to particles and has a mass.

Answer:

1,2,3,4,8,9,10,12,14,15 and 16

Explanation:

Coz they have different kinds (colours) of atoms

The rest are pure substances,

I'm not so sure though, double check after this

Answer:

A. True

B. False

Explanation:

Reaction between hypochlorous acid and ammonia does not yields a Ph value of 7.00 , this value is defined to water and no other reaction can yield exactly this Ph value. The acid reaction will give a Ph value below 7 while a base reaction will give Ph value of above 7.

Based on the given valence bond representation of a bonding orbital, the correct answer is:

C. Sigma bond

A sigma bond results from the head-to-head overlap of two orbitals, which can be either s or p orbitals. The valence bond representation shown in the question indicates that the bond is formed by the overlap of two orbitals with their electron density concentrated along the bond axis, which is the characteristic of a sigma bond. A double or triple bond would have one or two pi bonds, respectively, in addition to one sigma bond. The given representation does not show any indication of multiple bonds or the overlap of hybrid orbitals.

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In salt hydrolysis, the conjugate bases of weak acids yield basic solutions, while the conjugate acids of weak bases yield acidic solutions. This phenomenon occurs because the hydrolysis of a salt produces either hydroxide ions or hydronium ions, depending on the nature of the salt.

For example, when the salt of a weak acid and a strong base is hydrolyzed, the conjugate base of the weak acid is formed, which acts as a weak base. This weak base can then react with water to produce hydroxide ions, leading to an increase in the pH of the solution and a basic solution. Conversely, when the salt of a weak base and a strong acid is hydrolyzed, the conjugate acid of the weak base is formed, which acts as a weak acid. This weak acid can then react with water to produce hydronium ions, leading to a decrease in the pH of the solution and an acidic solution.

It is important to note that the strength of the acid or base will also influence the pH of the solution, as stronger acids and bases will have a greater impact on the pH. Additionally, the concentration of the salt and the water will also impact the degree of hydrolysis and the resulting pH of the solution.

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2 Acetyl CoA molecules are generated after glycolysis.

The metabolic process known as glycolysis transforms glucose (C6H12O6) into pyruvate (CH3COCO2H). The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are formed using the free energy released during this process (NADH).  A series of ten enzyme-catalyzed processes is known as glycolysis.

A list of the 10 processes involved in the glycolysis pathway. An oxygen-free metabolic pathway is glycolysis (In anaerobic conditions pyruvate is converted to lactic acid). The widespread prevalence of glycolysis in different species suggests that it is an old metabolic system.   In fact, the events that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, take place in the oxygen-free environment of the Archean oceans, likewise in the absence of enzymes, and are activated by metal.

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Answer:

90.35 × 10²³ atoms

Solution:

1 molecules of H20 contains 3 atoms,.

And we know that one mole of any molecule contains 6.023 × 10²³ atoms from Avogadro's number,

hence 5 moles of H20 will contain = 5× 6.023 × 10²³ × 3 atoms = 90.35 × 10²³ atoms!

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Answer:

3 electrons

Explanation:

For every proton there is an electron.

Answer:

3 electrons

Explanation:

atoms are neutral in electrical charge because they have the same number of electrons as protons.

The maximum possible potential difference between the two ends of the tether is approximately 2.06 × 10³ V. Thus, the correct answer is 2.06 × 10³ V.

The maximum possible potential difference (V) between the two ends of the tether can be calculated using the formula:

V = B * L * v

where B is the magnetic field strength, L is the length of the wire, and v is the velocity of the wire.

In this case, we have the following values:

B = 1.31 × 10⁻⁵ T (magnetic field strength)

L = 20.0 km = 20,000 m (length of the wire)

v = 7.86 × 10³ m/s (velocity of the wire)

Plugging these values into the formula, we can calculate the potential difference:

V = (1.31 × 10⁻⁵ T) * (20,000 m) * (7.86 × 10³ m/s)

Calculating this value:

V ≈ 2.06 × 10³ V

Therefore, the maximum possible potential difference between the two ends of the tether is approximately 2.06 × 10³ V. Thus, the correct answer is 2.06 × 10³ V.

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The Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for a reaction can be calculated using the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the enthalpy change, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the entropy change.

Given ΔH = -111.4 kJ/mol, ΔS = -25.0 J/(mol·K), and T = 298 K, we need to convert the entropy change to kJ/mol·K.

To convert ΔS to kJ/mol·K, we divide it by 1000:

ΔS = -25.0 J/(mol·K) / 1000 = -0.025 kJ/(mol·K)

Now we can calculate ΔG:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = -111.4 kJ/mol - (298 K * -0.025 kJ/(mol·K))

ΔG = -111.4 kJ/mol + 7.45 kJ/mol

ΔG = -103.95 kJ/mol

Therefore, the value of ΔG for this reaction at 298 K is approximately -103.95 kJ/mol.

b. The sign of ΔG indicates the spontaneity of a reaction. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, meaning it can occur without any external intervention. If ΔG is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous, and if ΔG is zero, the reaction is at equilibrium. In this case, since ΔG is negative (-103.95 kJ/mol), the reaction is spontaneous at 298 K. The negative value indicates that the reaction proceeds in the forward direction, releasing energy. The magnitude of ΔG indicates the extent of spontaneity, with larger negative values indicating a more spontaneous reaction.

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By performing the necessary calculations and comparing the Q/K ratios, we can determine whether calcite or dolomite would form first in the given water sample with [Mg2+]∼0.10 mmol/L.

To determine which mineral, calcite or dolomite, would form first in the given water sample with [Mg2+]∼0.10 mmol/L, we need to calculate the saturation index (SI) for each mineral by comparing the Q/K ratios. The mineral with the higher SI will be more likely to precipitate first.

The saturation index (SI) is calculated by comparing the ion activity product (Q) with the equilibrium constant (K) for a particular mineral. In this case, we have the equilibrium reaction: CaMg(CO3​)2​⇌Ca2++Mg2++2CO3​2−.

For calcite, the Q/K ratio can be calculated using the concentration of Ca2+ and CO3​2− ions in the water sample. Since dolomite contains both Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, we need to consider the concentration of Mg2+ as well.

By comparing the Q/K ratios for calcite and dolomite, we can determine which mineral has a higher saturation index (SI). The mineral with the higher SI will be more likely to precipitate first.

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To support the pharmaceutical company's claim there is enough evidence. 8.48 is the value of the test statistic.

To test whether there is enough evidence to support the pharmaceutical company's claim that the new drug reduces systolic blood pressure, we can perform a paired t-test on the data.

d = (blood pressure before taking new drug) - (blood pressure after taking new drug)

The differences for the nine patients are as follows:

d = 156 - 146

= 10

d = 155 - 144

= 11

d = 167 - 154

= 13

d = 176 - 161

= 15

d = 191 - 165

= 26

d = 160 - 146

= 14

d = 159 - 148

= 11

d = 197 - 171

= 26

d = 181 - 155

= 26

Test statistic =

t = (mean(d) - hypothesized mean) / (standard deviation(d) / sqrt(n)

mean(d) = (10 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 26 + 14 + 11 + 26 + 26) / 9

= 16.89.

standard deviation(d) = sqrt([ (10-16.89)² + (11-16.89)² + (13-16.89)² + (15-16.89)² + (26-16.89)² + (14-16.89)² + (11-16.89)² + (26-16.89)² + (26-16.89)² ] / (9-1))

standard deviation(d) = 6.54.

t = (16.89 - 0) / (6.54 / sqrt(9))

t = 8.48.

Now, we need to determine whether the test statistic falls within the critical region or not. We will use a significance level of α = 0.05 for the test.

Since we have a two-tailed test, we need to compare the absolute value of the test statistic with the critical value from the t-distribution with (n-1) degrees of freedom. Here, freedom degrees is 8.

Using a t-table or statistical software, the critical value for a two-tailed test with α = 0.05 and 8 degrees of freedom is approximately 2.306.

|t| > 2.306

|8.48| > 2.306

8.48 > 2.306

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Answer:

The acid will be neutralized overtime

Explanation:

The presence of the pyrites leads to the leaching of large amounts of sulphuric acid, however the basic carbonates neutralizes the acid according to the reaction equation;

CaCO3 + H2SO4 ---> CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O.

This will prevent all the deleterious consequences associated with the leaching of the acid in the abandoned coal mine.

Explanation:

Refer to pic.............

Answer:

Graphite

Graphite is a non-metal and it is the only non-metal that can conduct electricity.

Answer:

Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules, and/or ions, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases. ... gas are well separated with no regular arrangement. liquid are close together with no regular arrangement. solid are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern.

Explanation:

The substance in the image above would be classified as a mixture of elements (option E).

A compound is a substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.

On the other hand, a mixture is made when two or more substances are combined, but they are not combined chemically.

According to this question, an image is shown with two different substances or elements as distinguished by coloration (white and purple). These elements are combined but not chemically bonded, hence, is a mixture.

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Answer:Plasma is highest energy state of matter.It consists of electrons,protons and neutral particles.

Explanation:(1) Plasma has a very high electrical conductivity .

(2) The motion of electrons and ions in plasma produces it's own electric and magnetic field

(3)It is readily influenced by electric and magnetic fields .

(4)It produces it's on electromagnetic radiations.



It will take approximately 49,580 years for 80% of the plutonium-239 isotope to decay.

To determine the time required for 80% of the plutonium-239 isotope to decay, we can use the concept of half-life. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for half of the initial amount of the isotope to decay.

Given that the half-life of plutonium-239 is 24,360 years, we can calculate the number of half-lives required for 80% decay. Since each half-life reduces the amount of the isotope by half, we need to find how many times we need to divide 10 g (the initial amount) by 2 to reach 80% of the original amount.

Let's calculate:

Initial amount = 10 g

Amount after one half-life = 10 g / 2 = 5 g

Amount after two half-lives = 5 g / 2 = 2.5 g

Amount after three half-lives = 2.5 g / 2 = 1.25 g

Amount after four half-lives = 1.25 g / 2 = 0.625 g

We can see that after four half-lives, the amount remaining is less than 20% of the initial amount. Since each half-life is 24,360 years, the time required for four half-lives is approximately 97,440 years. Therefore, it will take approximately 49,580 years (97,440 years - 47,880 years) for 80% of the plutonium-239 isotope to decay.

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This scientific project aims to analyze and implement strategies to rejuvenate a dying lawn, ensuring its vitality and health.

If you notice that a lawn looks unhealthy and the grass is dying, you can undertake a scientific project to save it by following these steps:

Step 1: Identify the problemThe first step is to identify the problem. Observe the lawn and try to determine what is causing the grass to die. Common causes include poor soil quality, lack of water, too much sun or shade, pests, or disease.

Step 2: ResearchOnce you have identified the problem, conduct research to find out more about it. Look for information about how to treat the specific problem that is causing the grass to die. You can consult gardening books or online resources.

Step 3: Develop a hypothesisBased on your research, develop a hypothesis about what is causing the problem. For example, if you think the soil quality is poor, your hypothesis might be that adding fertilizer will improve the health of the grass.

Step 4: Design an experimentDesign an experiment to test your hypothesis. For example, if your hypothesis is that adding fertilizer will improve the health of the grass, you could divide the lawn into two sections. Apply fertilizer to one section and not the other. Record your observations over time to see if the grass in the fertilized section is healthier.

Step 5: Conduct the experiment , Carry out your experiment, making sure to record your observations.

Step 6: Analyze the data Analyze your data and determine whether your hypothesis was correct. If the grass in the fertilized section is healthier than the grass in the section without fertilizer, your hypothesis was correct.

Step 7: Draw a conclusion Based on your analysis, draw a conclusion about what is causing the problem and how it can be fixed. For example, if your experiment showed that adding fertilizer improved the health of the grass, you could conclude that the soil quality is poor and that fertilizing the lawn will help to improve it.

Step 8: Take action Based on your conclusion, take action to fix the problem. In this case, you would apply fertilizer to the entire lawn to improve its health.

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The density of nitric oxide (NO) gas at 0.422 atm and 35.2°C is approximately 0.432 g/L.

To calculate the density of a gas, we can use the ideal gas law, which states:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure (in atm)

V = volume (in liters)

n = number of moles of the gas

R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T = temperature (in Kelvin)

First, we need to convert the given temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15

T(K) = 35.2 + 273.15 = 308.35 K

We can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for density (d):

d = (PM) / (RT)

Where:

d = density (in g/L)

P = pressure (in atm)

M = molar mass of the gas (in g/mol)

R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T = temperature (in Kelvin)

The molar mass of nitric oxide (NO) is:

M(NO) = atomic mass of N + atomic mass of O

M(NO) = 14.01 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol

M(NO) = 30.01 g/mol

Now we can calculate the density:

d = (P × M) / (R × T)

d = (0.422 atm × 30.01 g/mol) / (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) × 308.35 K)

Calculating the expression:

d ≈ 0.432 g/L

Therefore, the density of nitric oxide (NO) gas at 0.422 atm and 35.2°C is approximately 0.432 g/L.

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Answer:

changes that dont result in the formation of new substance with new properties.

The answer would be 25% remains left i.e., a radioactive substance has a half life of 5000 years, if the original sample contained 20 grams of the radioactive isotope, 25% will remains after 5000 years elapsed.

In this question (t1/2) is 5000 years , which refers that after 5000 years is half of the sample would have decayed and half would be left as it is.

Given , 20 g sample .

After 5000 years ( first half life) 20/2 = 10 g decays and 10 g remains left.

Two half lives or 5000 years 10 /2 = 5 g decays and 2.5 g remains left .

so we started with 20 g and after 5000 years 5 g of the sample will be left not decayed.

Percentage of sample left = mass of sample left x 100 / original mass of sample

Percentage of sample left = 5 g x 100 / 20g = 25 %

In conclusion, 25% remains after 5000 years have elapsed.

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Answer:

101.62 grams of water is given o when 62.1 g of propane burns.

Explanation:

Propane gas (C₃H₈) burns with oxygen gas and products carbon dioxide gas and liquid water. The balanced reaction is:

C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

By stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

Being the molar mass of each compound:

By stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

Then you can apply the following rule of three: if by stoichiometry 44 grams of propane produces 72 grams of water, 62.1 grams of propane how much mass of water does it produce?

\(mass of water=\frac{62.1 grams of propane*72 grams of water}{44 grams of propane}\)

mass of water= 101.62 grams

101.62 grams of water is given o when 62.1 g of propane burns.

The specific gravity of the liquid is 1.2

Specific gravity of a substance can be calculated using the formula

\(Specific \ gravity = \frac{Density \ of \ substance}{Density \ of \ water}\)

First, we will determine the density of the liquid

Density is given by the formula

\(Density = \frac{Mass}{Volume}\)

From the question,

The mass of the liquid = 1.5 lb

The volume occupied by the liquid = 0.15 gal

∴ The density of the liquid is

\(Density = \frac{1.5}{0.15}\)

Density of the liquid = 10 lb/gal

(NOTE: Density of water = 8.34 lb/gal)

∴ \(Specific \ gravity \ of \ the \ liquid =\frac{10 \ lb/gal}{8.34 \ lb/gal}\)

Specific gravity of the liquid = 1.199

Specific gravity of the liquid ≅ 1.2

Hence, the specific gravity of the liquid is 1.2

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