How many more electrons are there in the last energy level of phosphorus, atomic
number 15, than there are in the last principal energy level of neon, atomic number 10?​

Hemoglobin with bound carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions is carried in the blood back to the lungs, where it releases the hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide and rebinds oxygen. Thus, hemoglobin helps to transport hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide in addition to transporting oxygen.

The molar volume and average molar volume of propane, butane, and methane at STP are 24.45 L/mol , 24.93 L/mol ; 28.02 L/mol , 24.93 L/mol and 22.41 L/mol , 24.93 L/mol respectively.

The molar volume of a gas is defined as the volume occupied by one mole of gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as 0°C and 1 atm.

The molar volume of a gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law,

PV = nRT,

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in kelvins.The molar volumes of propane, butane, and methane at STP can be calculated as follows:

Propane: C₃H₈

At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the molar volume of propane can be calculated as:

V = (nRT) / P

V = (n x 0.0821 x (273.15 + 0) / 1) / 1

V = 24.45 L/mol

Butane: C₄H₁₀

At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the molar volume of butane can be calculated as:

V = (nRT) / P

V = (n x 0.0821 x (273.15 + 0) / 1) / 1

V = 28.02 L/mol

Methane: CH₄

At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the molar volume of methane can be calculated as:

V = (nRT) / P

V = (n x 0.0821 x (273.15 + 0) / 1) / 1

V = 22.41 L/mol

The average molar volume is the sum of the molar volumes divided by the number of gases:

Average molar volume = (24.45 + 28.02 + 22.41) / 3

Average molar volume = 24.93 L/mol

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Answer:

the answer is a

Explanation:

A

because if u add

Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 49.60ml. There is no force of attraction between the particles in case of ideal gas.

Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature.

Mathematically the relation between volume and temperature can be given as

V₁÷T₁=V₂÷T₂

where,

V = volume

T =temperature

Substituting all the given values, we get

45 mL÷293=V₂÷323

V₂=49.60ml

Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 49.60ml.

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a) The Gibbs free energy of formation of AgCl is -55 kJ·mol−1

b) The solubility-product constant of AgCl is 1.05

c) The Gibbs free energy of formation of AgBr  is -70.0 kJ·mol−1

d) The solubility-product constant of AgBr  is  1.03

We know that the term Gibbs free energy has to do with the energy that is absorbed or evolved in a reaction. In this case we have been asked to obtain the Gibbs free energy of the formation of the solid silver bromide and silver chloride respectively.

a) The Gibbs free energy of dissolution of silver chloride is;

Sum of Gibbs free energy of formation of products - Sum of Gibbs free energy of formation of reactants

[−109.8] - [(77.1) + (−131.2)]

= (−109.8) - (-54.1)

= -55 kJ·mol−1

b)ΔG = -RTlnK

-55 = -(8.314 * 298) lnK

lnK = -55/ -(8.314 * 298)

lnK = 0.022

K = 1.05

c)

Sum of Gibbs free energy of formation of products - Sum of Gibbs free energy of formation of reactants

[−96.9] - [(77.1) + (−104.0)]

(−96.9) + 26.9

= -70.0 kJ·mol−1

d)

ΔG = -RTlnK

-70.0 =  -(8.314 * 298) lnK

lnK = -70.0/-(8.314 * 298)

lnK = 0.028

K = 1.03

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Answer:

An electrolytic cell is a cell that converts electrical energy into chemical energy.

Any device in which electrical energy is converted to chemical energy or vice versa is referred to as an electrolytic cell. A typical cell consists of two metallic or electronic conductors held apart and in contact with an electrolyte, which is usually a dissolved or fused ionic compound.

An electrolytic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that uses an external source of electrical energy to force a chemical reaction that would not occur otherwise. A voltage applied between the cell's two electrodes, an anode and a cathode immersed in an electrolyte solution, serves as the external energy source.

Electrons in the form of an electric current are deliberately pumped through the chemicals in the section to induce an oxidation-reduction reaction. An electrolytic cell is a setup used to electrolytically decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Electrochemical cells that generate an electric current are known as voltaic or galvanic cells, whereas those that generate chemical reactions, such as electrolysis, are known as electrolytic cells.

Thus, Any device in which electrical energy is converted to chemical energy or vice versa is referred to as an electrolytic cell.

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Answer:

neutron

Explanation:

Answer:

\(\boxed {\tt Carbohydrate \ or \ monosaccharides}\)

Explanation:

There are 4 main types of macromolecules: lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

If you are looking for some quick energy, the best choice is carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the easiest for the body to break down and turn into ATP/energy.

There are also different types of carbohydrates. If you want a more specific answer, monosaccharides is the best answer. They are the simplest sugars. Also, glucose is a monosaccharide, and it shows up directly in the cellular respiration formula. If glucose is consumed, the body doesn't have to break it down before starting respiration.

The number of mole in 1.06×10²³  atoms of tungsten is 0.176 mole

The following data were obtained from the question:

The number of mole that contains 1.06×10²³  atoms of tungsten can be obtained as illustrated below:

From Avogadro's hypothesis,

6.022×10²³ atoms = 1 mole of substance

Thus, we can say that

6.022×10²³ atoms = 1 mole of tungsten

Therefore,

1.06×10²³  atoms = (1.06×10²³  atoms × 1 mole) / 6.022×10²³  atoms

1.06×10²³  atoms = 0.176 mole of tungsten

Thus, we can conclude from the above calculation that the number of mole is 0.176 mole

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Answer:

9.10% dextrose

Explanation:

To find the mass percent, you need to use the following equation:

                               mass (g) of solute
Mass Percent  =  ---------------------------------  x  100%
                              mass (g) of solution

You can plug the given values into the equation and solve to find the mass percent of dextrose. But first, you need to calculate the mass of the solution.

Mass (solute): 25.0 g

Mass (solution): 250.0 g + 25.0 g = 275 g

                                25.0 grams
Mass Percent  =  ------------------------  x  100%
                                 275 grams

Mass Percent  =  0.0909 x 100%

Mass Percent  =  9.10%

A solution of dextrose contains 25.0 g solute in 250.0 g water. 9.10% is the percentage by mass of dextrose in this solution.

A component's concentration in a combination or compound can be expressed as a mass percent, also known as a weight percent. It shows how much of the total mass of the solution or mixture is made up of the solute's (component's) mass. In chemistry, mass percent is frequently employed and stated as a percentage.

Mass Percent  =     mass (g) of solute/       mass (g) of solution x  100%

Mass (solute): 25.0 g

Mass (solution): 250.0 g + 25.0 g = 275 g

Mass Percent  =25.0 grams /    275 grams x  100%

Mass Percent  =  0.0909 x 100%

Mass Percent  =  9.10%

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Answer:

a) volume₁ = 444.6 L  

b) Volume₂ = 306 L  and percentage Error = 31.2%

Explanation:      

Given that;

the solution contains 35.0 wt% H₂SO₄

A quantity of the 35% solution is needed that contains 195.5 kg of H₂SO₄

Lets say mass of solution containing 195.5 kg H₂SO₄ is 'A' kg

Now since the question saysm it is a 35% wt solution,

so

(35/ 100) × Akg = 195.5kg

0.35A = 195.5

A = 558.6kg

So A = 558.6 kg

therefore mass of the  solution is 558.6kg

a)

also Specific gravity is 1.2563

since density of water = 1kg/ L

density of solution = SG of H₂SO₄ × density of water

therefore density of solution = 1.2563 ×1kg/ L  = 1.2563 kg/ L

Now to calculate the required volume (L) of the solution

we say;

Volume of solution = mass / density

Volume = 558.6kg / 1.2563kg/L

Volume₁ = 444.6 L  

b)

Now If pure-component specific gravity is to be used,

Specific Gravity = 1.8255

which means Density will be  = 1.8255 kg/ L

Therefore will be

Volume = 558.6kg / 1.8255kg/L

Volume₂ = 306 L

To calculate the error

we say volume₁ - volume₂

Error = 444.6L - 306L = 138.6

So

Percent error = ( 138.6L / 444.6L) × 100

percentage Error = 31.2%

Answer:

If it is elemental gas, the oxidation number is $$0$$.

Explanation:

The oxidation number of an atom in a chemical bond, is the charge left on the atom

According to the statement, the correct statements to describe a complete balanced equation for the overall process are:

To obtain a complete balanced equation for the overall process of producing iodine trichloride, we need to add the two given equations and cancel out any common species on both sides of the equation.

The balanced equations are:

I2 (s) + CI2 (g) → 2ICI(s) (1)

ICI (s) + CI2 (g) → ICI3 (s) (2)

Adding equation (1) and equation (2) gives:

I2 (s) + 2CI2 (g) + ICI (s) → 2ICI3 (s)

Thus, the overall equation for the two-step process is:

I2 (s) + 2CI2 (g) + ICI (s) → 2ICI3 (s)

Therefore, statements (a) and (e) are correct, while statements (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

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It depends on the powdery  substances that is been dissolved hence it can be  insoluble or partially soluble in water.

To make any granules into useful cleaners, it must first be dissolved in water. But not all powdered raw materials easily dissolve into water, therefore it could take some time to combine them together to get a solution. For a powdered substance, builders must be used for the majority of the cleaning.

Therefore, Powders, which are tiny solids, are frequently only weakly or completely soluble in water. Powder insoluble levels in water rely on a variety of controllable elements, including temperature, humidity, and particle size.

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The energy of combustion for one mole of butane to be approximately 2888.81 kJ/mol.

To calculate the energy of combustion for one mole of butane (C4H10), we need to use the information provided and apply the principle of calorimetry.

First, we need to convert the mass of the butane sample from grams to moles. The molar mass of butane (C4H10) can be calculated as follows:

C: 12.01 g/mol

H: 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass of C4H10 = (12.01 * 4) + (1.01 * 10) = 58.12 g/mol

Next, we calculate the moles of butane in the sample:

moles of butane = mass of butane sample / molar mass of butane

moles of butane = 0.367 g / 58.12 g/mol ≈ 0.00631 mol

Now, we can calculate the heat released by the combustion of the butane sample using the equation:

q = C * ΔT

where q is the heat released, C is the heat capacity of the calorimeter, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Given that the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter is 2.36 kJ/°C and the change in temperature is 7.73 °C, we can substitute these values into the equation:

q = (2.36 kJ/°C) * 7.73 °C = 18.2078 kJ

Since the heat released by the combustion of the butane sample is equal to the heat absorbed by the calorimeter, we can equate this value to the energy of combustion for one mole of butane.

Energy of combustion for one mole of butane = q / moles of butane

Energy of combustion for one mole of butane = 18.2078 kJ / 0.00631 mol ≈ 2888.81 kJ/mol

Therefore, the energy of combustion for one mole of butane is approximately 2888.81 kJ/mol.

In conclusion, by applying the principles of calorimetry and using the given data, we have calculated the energy of combustion for one mole of butane to be approximately 2888.81 kJ/mol.

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Answer:

ok, here is your answer

Explanation:

AI-generated answer

To find the mass of oxygen that reacted, we need to use the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that in a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.

First, we need to find the number of moles of hydrogen that reacted:

Molar mass of hydrogen (H₂) = 2.016 g/mol

Number of moles of H₂ = mass/molar mass = 46.2 g/2.016 g/mol = 22.92 mol

Next, we need to use the balanced chemical equation to find the number of moles of water produced:

hydrogen + oxygen → water

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

From the equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of H₂, 1 mole of O₂ is required to produce 2 moles of H₂O. Therefore, the number of moles of O₂ required to produce 22.92 moles of H₂O is:

Number of moles of O₂ = 1/2 x 22.92 mol = 11.46 mol

Finally, we can find the mass of oxygen that reacted by using its molar mass:

Molar mass of oxygen (O₂) = 32.00 g/mol

Mass of oxygen = number of moles x molar mass = 11.46 mol x 32.00 g/mol = 366.72 g

Therefore, the mass of oxygen that reacted is 366.72 g.

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Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf 38.11 \ L}}\)

Explanation:

To find the volume, we need to convert grams to moles, then moles to liters.

We convert grams to moles using the molar mass. This is the mass of 1 mole of a substance. It is the same as the atomic mass found on the Periodic Table, but the units are grams per mole (not atomic mass units).

We have the compound carbon dioxide or CO₂. Look up the molar masses of the individual elements.

Notice that oxygen has a subscript of 2, so there are 2 atoms in each molecule. We have to multiply oxygen's molar mass by 2 before adding carbon's.

Use this value as a ratio.

\(\frac {44.009 \ g\ CO_2}{1 \ mol \ CO_2}\)

Multiply by the given number of grams: 74.87

\(74.87 \ g\ CO_2*\frac {44.009 \ g\ CO_2}{1 \ mol \ CO_2}\)

Flip the ratio so the units of grams cancel.

\(74.87 \ g\ CO_2*\frac {1 \ mol \ CO_2}{44.009 \ g\ CO_2}\)

\(74.87 *\frac {1 \ mol \ CO_2}{44.009 }\)

\({74.87 \ mol \ CO_2}{44.009 } = 1.701242928 \ mol \ CO_2\)

Any gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) has a volume of 22.4 liters per mole.

\(\frac {22.4 \ L}{1 \ mol \ CO_2}\)

Multiply by the number of moles we calculated.

\(1.701242928 \ mol \ CO_2*\frac {22.4 \ L}{1 \ mol \ CO_2}\)

The units of moles cancel.

\(1.701242928 *\frac {22.4 \ L}{1 }\)

\(1.701242928 *{22.4 \ L}= 38.10784158 \ L\)

The original measurement has 4 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the hundredth place.

The 7 tells us to round the 0 10 a 1.

\(38.11 \ L\)

At pOH value  of 6.0 the pH value of the following solution is 8.0 and the concentration of [\(H^{+}\) ] ion is \(10^{-8}\)

In this question we will apply the formula

      pH +pOH = 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . .(1)

where pH = concentration of [\(H^{+}\) ] ion

pOH = concentration of [\(OH^{-}\) ] ion

As per the question

pOH =6.0

Putting the value of pOH in equation (1) we get the value of pH

              pH + 6.0 =14

             pH = 14 -6.0

             pH  = 8.0

 The value of pH if the pOH value is 6.0 is 8.0

To find the concentration of \(H^{+}\) ion we will use the following formula

This is calculated by the formula

                                 [\(H^{+}\)} = \(10^{-pH}\)

where we will write the values of pH

Hence the concentration of [\(H^{+}\)} ion is \(10^{-8}\)

Therefore at  pOH of 6.0 the pH value of the following solution is 8.0 and the concentration of [\(H^{+}\) ] ion is \(10^{-8}\)

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The complete question is -

What is the pH value and concentration of [\(H^{+}\) ] ion of the following if the pOH value of the solution is 6.0 ?

Answer:

Calculate the number of moles of NaOH:

molar mass of NaOH = 23.0 g/mol (Na) + 16.0 g/mol (O) + 1.0 g/mol (H) = 40.0 g/mol

moles of NaOH = mass / molar mass = 28.1 g / 40.0 g/mol = 0.7025 mol

Use stoichiometry to determine the number of moles of Na2SO4 produced:

From the balanced chemical equation, we see that 2 moles of NaOH react to form 1 mole of Na2SO4, so:

moles of Na2SO4 = 0.7025 mol NaOH × (1 mol Na2SO4 / 2 mol NaOH) = 0.35125 mol Na2SO4

Therefore, 28.1 g of sodium hydroxide will produce 0.35125 mol of sodium sulfate.

Explanation:

Explanation:

Le Chetelier's principle states that in an equilibrium system, if a constraint  (such as a change in pressure, temperature, or concentration of a reactant) is applied to the system, the equilibrium will shift so as to tend to annul the effect of the constraint. For the dissolution of Solid Magnesium oxide Mg(OH)2 in water, normally, only a small amount of the solid is dissolved to form magnesium ions Mg^2+ and hydroxide ions 2OH-. In a saturated solution of magnesium oxide in water, any action that removes the hydroxide ions formed will cause the reaction to shift to the product side on the right to favor the production of more hydroxide ion, which means more of the magnesium oxide will be dissolved.

Addition of Ammonium chloride NH4Cl neutralizes the hydroxide ions by acting as an acid, to form ammonia NH3 and water H20. This is because the Ammonium chloride dissolves to form ammonium NH4 and chlorine Cl^- ions in the solution, allowing the ammonium to react with the hydroxide ions. The reactions are shown below.

Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg^2+ 2OH^-    ....... initial magnesium oxide dissolution

NH4Cl ⇒ NH4 + Cl     ......... dissolution of ammonium chloride

NH4 + OH^- ⇒ NH3 + H2O  ....... the consumption of the hydroxide ion by the ammonium to form ammonia and water, leading to more of the magnesium oxide dissolving to form more hydroxide ions.

Answer:

[See Below]

Explanation:

48 or 49 ml.

Answer:

C6H12O6

Explanation:

C6H12O6

Answer:

1 - does not flow easily and is difficult to compress

2 -does not flow easily and is difficult to compress.

3 -has lots of space between the charged particles.

4-flows easily but is difficult to compress.

Explanation:

Chlorine is the most commonly used chemical sanitizer agent and there are so many factors that influences the effectiveness of these chemical sanitizers like- Temperature, Concentration, Contact time, Water Hardness, pH but bacterial cell history does not affect the efficiency of sanitizers.

Factors influencing the effectiveness of chemical sanitizer:

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Answer:

It's C because Metamorphic rocks were once igneous rocks. And, because Gneiss which is a Metamorphic rock has crystals inside of it.

Different rock types appear during rock formation. The best description of foliated metamorphic rocks is that;

Due to the pressure and heat that is exerted on some rock types, there is an alignment or foliation of rocks. The appearance can be described as ribbon-like.

The examples of rocks that fall under this classification are slate, phyllite, gneiss, and schist.

The non-foliated rocks do not show any alignment in their minerals. Examples are; quartzite, marble, and novaculite.

Summarily, option B best describes a foliated metamorphic rock.

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Answer:

the answer that best describe the two methods is c