Classify the following fixed costs as normally being either committed or discretionary:
(a) Depreciation on buildings.
Answers
The following fixed costs as normally being either committed or discretionary: Depreciation on buildings is Committed costs.
What is a Committed Cost?
An investment that a company organization has already made and cannot be recouped in any way, as well as commitments that the firm has already made and cannot break. When examining firm spending for potential reductions or asset sales, it is important to be aware of which costs are committed costs.
A committed cost typically comes with a long-term formal arrangement, like a 10-year lease commitment. Or, a power plant has committed to purchasing diesel fuel for its generators over a 20-year period. Extremely high penalties may be required in order to leave these contractual agreements, therefore it might be quite challenging.
What is the example of a Committed Cost?
The entire $46,000 is a committed cost if a business purchases a machine for $40,000 and also issues a purchase order to pay for a maintenance contract for $2,000 over the course of the following three years. This is because the business has already purchased the machine and is under a legal obligation to pay for the maintenance. Since it is very difficult to terminate a lease agreement, a multi-year property lease agreement is also a committed fee for the duration of the lease.
Terms Similar to Committed Cost
A committed cost has some similarity to the term sunk cost.
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Related Questions
Creating an anonymous complaint or grievance process is something
employers can implement to prevent which of the following?
O A. Layoffs
B. Harassment
C. Taxed income
D. Arguments
Answers
hope I could help goodluck
Jason’s credit card has an APR of 17. 02% and a 30-day billling cycle. The following table details Jason’s transactions with that card in the month of June. Date Amount ($) Transaction 6/1 746. 28 Beginning balance 6/9 140. 00 Payment 6/15 28. 76 Payment 6/18 69. 49 Purchase Between the adjusted balance method and the daily balance method, which method of computing Jason’s June finance charge will result in a greater finance charge, and how much greater will it be? a. The daily balance method will have a finance charge $1. 02 greater than the adjusted balance method. B. The daily balance method will have a finance charge $0. 03 greater than the adjusted balance method. C. The adjusted balance method will have a finance charge $2. 36 greater than the daily balance method. D. The adjusted balance method will have a finance charge $1. 37 greater than the daily balance method.
Answers
D. The adjusted balance method will have a finance charge $1.37 greater than the daily balance method.
The adjusted balance method calculates the finance charge based on the balance at the beginning of the billing cycle after adjusting for payments and returns. In this case, the adjusted balance at the beginning of June would be $746.28.
On the other hand, the daily balance method takes into account the daily balances throughout the billing cycle. It considers the effect of each transaction on the balance each day. Since Jason made a payment of $140.00 on June 9th and another payment of $28.76 on June 15th, the daily balance method will reflect lower balances for those days.
Given that the adjusted balance method starts with a higher balance, it will result in a greater finance charge compared to the daily balance method. The exact difference is $1.37, as stated in option D.
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The difference between a firm's total revenue and what must be paid to attract resources from their best alternative use is called. A. utility b. Economic profit c. cost d. Production efficiency. E. total revenue
Answers
Economic profit refers to the difference between a firm's total revenue and the opportunity cost of the resources used in production(B).
It takes into account the revenue earned by the firm and subtracts the cost of the resources that could have been used in their best alternative use.
This includes both explicit costs, such as monetary payments for labor and materials, and implicit costs, which represent the opportunity cost of the owner's time and capital.
Economic profit provides a measure of the firm's performance beyond accounting profit, as it considers the full cost of resources employed. Therefore, the correct option is b. Economic profit.
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help me to answer thi Q! Thanks!
Answers
after sally presents an eloquent and compelling case for a more equitable taxation system, sam asks the audience whether we should believe anything from a woman who isn't married, was once arrested, and smells a bit weird. what logical fallacy is this an example of?
Answers
After sally presents an eloquent and compelling case for a more equitable taxation system ,logical fallacy is this an example of---Ad hominem
How is announcement hominem used?The term" announcement hominem" is occasionally used to relate to vituperative language which isn't directly connected to an argument over a particular proposition. For illustration, a politician who refers to an opponent as" a crook", might be indicted of arguing" announcement hominem".
What's the most generally used fallacy?
The announcement hominem is one of the most common logical fallacies. While it can take numerous forms — from name calling and cuts, to attacking a person's character, to questioning their motives, to calling them hypocrites any argument that targets the source, rather than the argument, is an announcement hominem.
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night talking time. Everyone allowed!
Answers
Answer:
if u want talk to me here I am
In a word document, conduct a cost-benefit analysis where you write all of the costs (monetary and non-monetary) and compare them to all of the benefits (monetary and non-monetary) of our class going on a field trip to Walt Disney World in Orlando, Fl. Be sure to list any alternatives for trip (ex. flying rather than driving, etc.)
(There are 22 Students in the class)
Answers
It should be noted that cost-benefit analysis is the way to compare the costs and benefits of a project expressed in monetary units.
What Is a Cost-Benefit Analysis?A cost-benefit analysis is the systematic process which businesses use on order to analyze which decisions to make and the ones that will be forgo. The cost-benefit analyst simply sums the potential rewards that are expected from a situation and then subtracts the total costs that are associated with taking that action.
The major steps in a cost-benefit analysis
Specify the set of options. Decide whose costs and benefits count. Identify the impacts and select measurement indicators. Predict the impacts over the life of the proposed regulation.Monetize and place dollar values on impacts.Before the class goes on a field trip to Walt Disney World in Orlando, it's important to conduct a cost-benefit analysis that will be used to evaluate all the potential costs and the revenues which the class might generate from the project.
Then, the outcome that is gotten from the analysis will determine whether the project will be financially feasible or whether the company can pursue another project.
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In the United States, each state government can impose its own excise tax on the sale of cigarettes. Suppose that in the state of North Texarkana, the state government imposes a tax of $2.00 per pack sold within the state. In contrast, the neighboring state of South Texarkana imposes no excise tax on cigarettes. Assume that in both states the pre-tax price of a pack of cigarettes is $2.00. Assume that the total cost to a resident of North Texarkana to smuggle a pack of cigarettes from South Texarkana is $3.50 per pack. (This includes the cost of time, gasoline, and so on.) Assume that the tax is levied on the supplier.
a. In the accompanying graph, move the Supply + Taxline to depict the supply curve in the market for cigarettes in North Texana after the tax is levied.
b. Does it make sense to for someone to smuggle a pack of cigarettes from South Texarkana to North Texarkana?
________ , because the new equilibrium price in North Texarkana is __________ than the total cost of smuggling a pack from South Texarkana.
Answers
The Supply + Taxline in the graph should be moved upward by $2.00 to depict the supply curve in the market for cigarettes in North Texarkana after the tax is levied. It does make sense to smuggle a pack of cigarettes from South Texarkana to North Texarkana because the new equilibrium price in North Texarkana is lower than the total cost of smuggling a pack from South Texarkana.
a. The Supply + Taxline in the graph should be moved upward by $2.00 to depict the supply curve in the market for cigarettes in North Texarkana after the tax is levied. This represents the increase in price due to the tax.
b. It does not make sense to smuggle a pack of cigarettes from South Texarkana to North Texarkana. The new equilibrium price in North Texarkana is higher than the total cost of smuggling a pack from South Texarkana. This means that it would be cheaper for consumers in North Texarkana to purchase cigarettes locally, even with the tax, rather than going through the hassle and expense of smuggling them from South Texarkana.
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stephen sets up an ira with an apr of 4% at age 26. at the end of each month, he deposits $36 in the account. how much will the ira contain when he reaches 65? compare that amount to the total amount of deposits made over the time period.
Answers
The total amount of deposits made over the time period is $16848.
Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) are long-term savings accounts that people with earned income can use to invest for the future and benefit from specific tax benefits. The IRA is primarily made for independent contractors who lack access to employment retirement accounts like 401(k), which are solely offered by companies.
A bank, an investing firm, an internet brokerage, or a personal broker are all options for opening an IRA.
Monthly deposit=$36
r=4%, 0.04
K=12
N=39
\(P_N & =\frac{d\left(\left(1+\frac{r}{k}\right)^{N k}-1\right)}{\left(\frac{\pi}{k}\right)} \\ P_{39} & =\frac{36\left(\left(1+\frac{0.04}{12}\right)^{39 \times 12}-1\right)}{\left(\frac{0.04}{12}\right)}\)
\(& P_{39} =\frac{134.871}{0.00333333}\)
=40501.81
Total deposits in 39 years is 39*12*36= $16848.
P39= 40501.81, therefore, it is$ 23653.81 more than total amount of deposits.
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Roughneck Rigs, a large oil drilling company off the Gulf Coast, wants to expand its drilling area. When practicing ________, Roughneck Rigs will hear concerns from the local community, commission reports from expert oceanographers, and they will pay attention to how all of this will impact their bottom line.
Answers
The drilling company will need to commission reports from expert oceanographers to evaluate the environmental impact of their drilling activities.Expansion will require investment in new equipment and personnel, and the company will need to ensure that their investment will yield returns. Thus, they need to consider the potential profit margins and the cost of operation.When answering questions on the platform Brainly, it is important to always be factually accurate, professional, and friendly. Additionally, answers should be concise and not provide extraneous amounts of detail. Typos or irrelevant parts of the question should not be ignored. The following terms should be used in the answer: Roughneck Rigs, Gulf Coast, drilling area, local community, commission reports, expert oceanographers, impact, and bottom line.When practicing drilling expansion, Roughneck Rigs will hear concerns from the local community, commission reports from expert oceanographers, and they will pay attention to how all of this will impact their bottom line. To expand their drilling area, the company needs to consider several factors such as the cost of expansion, the impact of drilling activities on the environment, and the concerns of the local community. In conclusion, Roughneck Rigs needs to consider a variety of factors to expand their drilling area, including the impact on the environment, concerns of the local community, and potential profit margins.
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Which of these is an example of perfect competition?
a. many small companies selling food grains
b. some big companies selling computers
c. few companies selling aerated cold drinks
d. many international companies selling bicycles
Answers
Answer:
a. many small companies selling food grains
Explanation:
Perfect competition is a market including many small companies selling the same product to promote healthy competition.
Answer:
A.) many small companies selling food grains
Explanation:
Plato
Compare and contrast the different types of partnerships. Explain the advantages to a partnership. Explain the disadvantages.
Answers
Answer:
ADVANTAGE:Less formal with fewer legal obligationssharing burden easy to get started better decision making knowledge, skills and experience ownership and controlExplanation:
DISADVANTAGE: profits must be shared personal demands taxes no independent status limits on developing business lack of disabilitythe classic s-curve is a plot of cumulative cost versus elapsed time in weeks.a. trueb. false
Answers
a. True.
The classic s-curve is a commonly used tool in project management to track and visualize the cumulative cost of a project over time. It is a plot of cumulative cost on the y-axis and elapsed time in weeks on the x-axis, where the shape of the curve resembles an "S". The s-curve allows project managers to monitor the progress of a project, identify potential delays or cost overruns, and adjust resources and schedules accordingly. By analyzing the slope of the curve, project managers can determine whether a project is on track or if corrective actions need to be taken. Therefore, understanding the classic s-curve is essential for effective project management.
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Why do employers prefer employers with good work ethics
Answers
Everyone fits into only one personality type,
A.True
B.False
Answers
When you put a check you received in the bank, you have immediate access to the money.
True or False.
Answers
Answer:
this is true hope this helps
Explanation:
Define demand and supply
Answers
The graph presents a production possibilities curve, or frontier, PPF for the nation of New Carnitas. Each point on this curve represents a combination of steak and potatoes that this country can produce given its resources and technology. Based on the information in the graph, place the points as indicated.
Point A is an attainable and efficient combination of steak and potatoes.
Point B is consistent with the full employment of available resources.
Between points C and D, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of steak is 2 pounds of potatoes.
Between points E and F, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of potatoes is 3 pounds of steak.
Point G represents an unattainable combination of steak and potatoes.
Point H represents an inefficient use of New Carnitas's resources.
Answers
Given that the graph is not shown here these are the basic points in a production possibility curve.
The attainable point in a production possibility curve
This is the point that lies on the curve of the PPC. This point can be produced by the resources that are available at the moment.
The full employment of resources on the PPCThis is the point that has all the resources in the economy being used in the production of goods and resources.
The unattainable point in a PPCThe unattainable point in the curve is the point that is outside of the curve. At this point the resources available cannot be used for production.
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What types of inquiries are on Caroline's credit report? How are those inquiries impacting her
credit score?
Answers
Answer:
Inquires viewed by you and inquires view by others. (The amount of times that you have applied or tried to apply for a credit card).
Explanation:
Each inquiry is under a different kind of address.
- 1 Spending Lane Anywhere, NY 10000
- 1000 Freeride Blvd Anywhere, NY 10000
- 1983 Griswold Blvd Anywhere, CA 10000
- 1 Bureau Road Anywhere, FL 00000
- 2345 Main Street Anywhere, DE 10000
- PO Box 123 Anywhere, DE 00000
It shows how many times that shes tried to apply for a credit card and shows how many times she's been declined. Which is bad because it means that they won't accept her for the credit card that she might apply for.
when should you establish objectives for your risk management plan?
a. After implementing risk mitigation strategies
b. During the evaluation phase of the project
c. At the beginning of the planning process
d. When a crisis or incident occurs
Answers
It is important to establish objectives at the beginning of the planning process for a risk management plan because they provide a clear direction and purpose for the plan. c. At the beginning of the planning process
Why should objectives be established at the beginning of the planning process for a risk management plan?Objectives help define the desired outcomes and goals that the risk management plan aims to achieve. By setting objectives early on, the organization can align its risk management activities with its overall strategic goals and priorities.
Establishing objectives at the beginning of the planning process allows for a systematic and proactive approach to risk management. It enables the identification of key risks, the development of appropriate risk mitigation strategies, and the allocation of necessary resources.
Objectives also serve as a benchmark for evaluating the effectiveness of the risk management plan and measuring its success in addressing identified risks.
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Pendant publishing recently reported $5,070,642 in sales, $3,528,000 in cost of goods sold, $719,988 in other operating expenses, and $18,900 in depreciation. It had an interest expense of $43,828 and its federal-plus-state income tax rate was 40%. What was pendant publishing s ebit?.
Answers
Based on the computation of EBIT by using reported sales of $5,070,642, $3,528,000 in cost of goods sold, $719,988 in other operating expenses, and $18,900 in depreciation, then, the Earnings Before Interest and Taxes equals to $803,754.
What is an Earnings Before Interest and Taxes?In accounting, an Earnings Before Interest and Taxes refers to a company's net income before income tax expense and interest expenses are deducted. The finance tool is mostly used to analyze the performance of a company's core operations without the costs of the capital structure and tax expenses impacting profit.
Also, an Earnings Before Interest and Taxes is also known as operating income because they both exclude interest expenses and taxes from their calculations.
Computation of the EBIT
EBIT = Sales - (COGS+ Expenses+Depreciation)
EBIT= $5,070,642 - ($3,528,000+$719,988+$18,900)
EBIT= $803,754.
In conclusion, the the Earnings Before Interest and Taxes equals to $803,754.
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What is the craziest thing you've ever done, and would you do it again?
If you could do anything knowing you would not fail, what would you do?
If a genie granted you three wishes right now, what would you wish for?
What's your biggest regret in life?
What do you think about when you're by yourself?
Answers
Answer:
01) yh for sure I'll do it again... I always doing it like staring to stranger eyes till they getting shy
02)my exams gosh
03)having my bff again.
being a good girl
nvm nothing else
04) having a stu.pid relationship with a boy nvm
05)sensitive
A special type of goal that acts as a stepping stone for other goals is called
an inner-term goal
a mid-term goal
a part-term goal
a short-term goal
Answers
A special type of goal that acts as a stepping stone for other goals is called short-term goal
A unique kind of shorter-term goal is an enabling goal. It is composed in order to advance a longer-term objective. Enabling goals serve as stepping stones that allow us to track our development toward longer-term objectives.
Even while short-term objectives aren't always easy to achieve, they're nevertheless crucial steps in the right direction. It is preferable to further divide them into weekly or monthly stepping stone goals when organizing these. This will lay the groundwork for achieving your goals.
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Answer: short-term goal
Explanation: I hope this helps you
What is the accounting rule for Rent payable? Does it have credit or debit balance?
Answers
Answer:
credit
Explanation:
Rent expense (and any other expense) will reduce a company's owner's equity (or stockholders' equity). Owner's equity which is on the right side of the accounting equation is expected to have a credit balance. Therefore, to reduce the credit balance, the expense accounts will require debit entries.
Which of the following refers to the balance an account is always supposed to have?
Normal balance
Debits
Credits
Double-entry system
Answers
Answer:
Normal balance
Explanation:
Accounts are expected to have either debit or credit balance, depending on their classification. The accounting equation of Assets is equal to equity plus liabilities is the basis for account classification. Assets accounts are on one side, while accounts relating to equity and liabilities are on the other.
Accounts have normal balances if the balances at the end of a period are as expected. Assets accounts are expected to have debit balances, while equity and liabilities accounts should have credit balances.
Search online, list the 30 firms in DJIA with the industry each firm is in.What is the trading hours of NYSE?
Answers
The NYSE, or New York Stock Exchange, is the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization.
It is located on Wall Street in New York City and operates as a marketplace for buying and selling publicly traded securities, including stocks, bonds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and other financial instruments.
The 30 firms in the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) are:
1. Walmart (Retail)
2. Apple (Technology)
3. Microsoft (Technology)
4. Amazon (Retail)
5. Berkshire Hathaway (Holding Company)
6. UnitedHealth Group (Healthcare)
7. JPMorgan Chase (Financial Services)
8. Johnson & Johnson (Healthcare)
9. Visa (Financial Services)
10. Procter & Gamble (Consumer Goods)
11. Goldman Sachs (Financial Services)
12. ExxonMobil (Energy)
13. Chevron (Energy)
14. Intel (Technology)
15. Cisco Systems (Technology)
16. Coca-Cola (Beverages)
17. IBM (Technology)
18. Pfizer (Pharmaceuticals)
19. 3M (Manufacturing)
20. United Technologies (Industrial)
21. American Express (Financial Services)
22. Boeing (Aerospace)
23. Walt Disney (Entertainment)
24. McDonald's (Restaurants)
25. Dow (Chemicals)
26. Merck (Pharmaceuticals)
27. Travelers Companies (Insurance)
28. Verizon (Telecommunications)
29. Home Depot (Retail)
30. Salesforce.com (Software)
The trading hours of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) are Monday to Friday, 9:30am to 4:00pm Eastern Time.
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which budgeting method considers advertising along with other marcom elements as relatively unimportant to a brand's present success and future growth?
Answers
The budgeting method that considers advertising along with other marcom elements as relatively unimportant to a brand's present success and future growth is the affordable method.
This method sets the marketing budget based on what the company can afford, rather than on what is needed to achieve marketing objectives.
The affordable method is often used by small businesses or businesses that are new to the market. It is also used by businesses that are facing financial difficulties.
The affordable method is not a very strategic approach to marketing budgeting, as it does not take into account the company's marketing objectives or the competitive environment.
Here are some of the disadvantages of the affordable method:
It does not take into account the company's marketing objectives.It does not take into account the competitive environment.It can lead to underfunding of the marketing function.It can lead to inconsistent marketing campaigns.If you are considering using the affordable method for your marketing budget, it is important to weigh the disadvantages against the advantages. You should also make sure that you have a clear understanding of your marketing objectives and the competitive environment.Here are some of the other budgeting methods that are more strategic than the affordable method:
Percentage-of-sales method: This method sets the marketing budget as a percentage of sales.Competitive-parity method: This method sets the marketing budget to match or exceed the spending of competitors.Task-based method: This method sets the marketing budget based on the tasks that need to be accomplished.The best budgeting method for your business will depend on your specific circumstances. You should consider your marketing objectives, the competitive environment, and your financial resources when making a decision.
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Olivia has taken out a $13,100 unsubsidized stafford loan to pay for her college education. she plans to graduate in four years. the loan has a duration of ten years and an interest rate of 7.6%, compounded monthly. by the time olivia graduates, how much greater will the amount of interest capitalized be than the minimum amount that olivia could pay to prevent interest capitalization? round all dollar values to the nearest cent. a. $654.45 b. $477.27 c. $995.60 d. $354.22 please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answers
Answer:
a or 654.45
Explanation:
edge 2023
Following are selected account balances (in millions of dollars) from a recent UPS annual report, followed by several typical transactions. Assume that the following are account balances on December 31 (end of the prior fiscal year): These accounts are not necessarily in good order and have normal debit or credit balances. (Note: Because these are not all of UPS's accounts, these will not balance in a trial balance.) Assume the following transactions (in millions, except for par value) occurred the next fiscal year beginning January 1 (the current year): a. Provided dellivery service to customers, who paid $2,890 in cash and owed $25,904 on account. b. Purchased new equipment costing $3,494; signed a long-term note. c. Paid $8,464 cash to rent equipment and aircraft, with $3,586 for rent this year and the rest for rent next year (a prepaid expense). d. Spent $924 cash to repair facilities and equipment during the year. e. Collected $26,085 from customers on account. f. Repaid $180 on a long-term note (ignore interest). 9. Issued 200 million additional shares of $0.01 par value stock for $19 (that's $19 million). h. Paid employees $10,026 for work during the year. 1. Purchased spare parts, supplies, and fuel for the aircraft and equipment for $7,464cash. j. Used $6,600 in spare parts, supplies, and fuel for the aircraft and equipment during the year. k. Paid $844 on accounts payable. 1. Prepare journal entries for each transaction. 2. Enter the ending balances from December 31 as the respective beginning balances for January 1 of the current year. Record in the T-accounts the effects of each transaction. Label each using the letter of the transaction. 3. Prepare an unadjusted income statement for the current year ended December 31 . 4. Compute the company's net profit margin ratio for the current year ended December 31 .
Answers
To prepare the unadjusted income statement, you would list all the revenues and expenses for the current year. The revenues would include the Service Revenue, and the expenses would include Rent Expense, Repair Expense, Salaries Expense, and Supplies Expense. Subtract the total expenses from the total revenues to calculate the net profit.
To answer this question, I will provide a brief explanation of each transaction and guide you through the process of preparing journal entries, recording the effects in T-accounts, preparing an unadjusted income statement, and calculating the net profit margin ratio.
1. Transaction a: The company provided delivery services and received $2,890 in cash and $25,904 on account. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Cash ($2,890)
Debit: Accounts Receivable ($25,904)
Credit: Service Revenue ($28,794)
2. Transaction b: The company purchased new equipment costing $3,494 and signed a long-term note. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Equipment ($3,494)
Credit: Notes Payable ($3,494)
3. Transaction c: The company paid $8,464 in cash to rent equipment and aircraft, with $3,586 for rent this year and the rest as a prepaid expense for next year. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Rent Expense ($3,586)
Debit: Prepaid Rent ($4,878)
Credit: Cash ($8,464)
4. Transaction d: The company spent $924 in cash to repair facilities and equipment. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Repair Expense ($924)
Credit: Cash ($924)
5. Transaction e: The company collected $26,085 from customers on account. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Cash ($26,085)
Credit: Accounts Receivable ($26,085)
6. Transaction f: The company repaid $180 on a long-term note. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Notes Payable ($180)
Credit: Cash ($180)
7. Transaction g: The company issued 200 million additional shares of $0.01 par value stock for $19 million. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Cash ($19 million)
Credit: Common Stock ($2 million)
Credit: Additional Paid-in Capital ($17 million)
8. Transaction h: The company paid employees $10,026 for work during the year. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Salaries Expense ($10,026)
Credit: Cash ($10,026)
9. Transaction i: The company purchased spare parts, supplies, and fuel for the aircraft and equipment for $7,464 in cash. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Supplies Expense ($7,464)
Credit: Cash ($7,464)
10. Transaction j: The company used $6,600 in spare parts, supplies, and fuel for the aircraft and equipment. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Supplies Expense ($6,600)
Credit: Supplies ($6,600)
11. Transaction k: The company paid $844 on accounts payable. The journal entry would be:
Debit: Accounts Payable ($844)
Credit: Cash ($844)
To prepare the unadjusted income statement, you would list all the revenues and expenses for the current year. The revenues would include the Service Revenue, and the expenses would include Rent Expense, Repair Expense, Salaries Expense, and Supplies Expense. Subtract the total expenses from the total revenues to calculate the net profit.
The net profit margin ratio is calculated by dividing the net profit by the total revenue and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. The formula is:
Net Profit Margin Ratio = (Net Profit / Total Revenue) * 100
Note: To calculate the net profit, you would deduct all expenses, including interest and taxes, from the total revenue. However, the transactions provided do not include interest or taxes. Therefore, you would only consider the expenses mentioned above in the calculation.
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Explain why socialist societies do not use a circular flow chart.