Companies with strong ethical cultures have put into practice a system of rewards for ethical behavior and sanctions for unethical behavior. Research a company that uses appropriate rewards to reinforce ethical behavior and discuss how this was effective to instill and lift up ethical behavior.
Answers
One company that uses appropriate rewards to reinforce ethical behavior is the global consulting firm Deloitte. Deloitte's culture is founded on four core values: integrity, outstanding value to clients.
Rewards: Deloitte's reward system is designed to reinforce ethical behavior by providing recognition and financial incentives for employees who demonstrate ethical behavior. Deloitte uses several methods to recognize and reward ethical behavior
Recognition programs: Deloitte has several recognition programs that recognize employees who demonstrate ethical behavior. the "Ethics in Action" program recognizes employees who demonstrate ethical behavior by going above and beyond what is required of them.Sanctions:
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Related Questions
Which calculation helps determine which producer has the absolute advantage?
(i) Amount produced divided by resources used
(ii) Amount produced minus resources used
(iii) Resources used divided by amount produced
(iv) Resources used multiplied by the amount produced
Answers
The calculation that helps determine which producer has the absolute advantage is given by option (i), i.e. Amount produced divided by resources used.
In terms of the volume of a thing or service they can create with a specific set of resources, the idea of absolute advantage compares the productivity of various producers or nations. We can establish whether producer is more effective and has a greater degree of productivity by dividing the amount produced by the resources consumed.
The producer who has a greater production-to-resources-used ratio has the decisive advantage in creating that specific good or service.
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What is entrepreneur?
Answers
Answer:
someone who is willing to take the necessary risk and uncertainties associated with setting up and managing a business or enterprise
Answer:
Someone who has they're own business. For example, my dad, he made a small company after he left the military called Triple L and he does different things like land work
Explanation:
Ethical issues in business today are just as widespread as ever, perhaps even more so. According to the Global Business Ethics Survey of 2018, more than 40% of employees believe that their company has a weak leaning ethical culture, and that little progress has been made to mitigate wrongdoing. Although there are laws to hold people accountable, unethical behavior can still occur in the organization. You are required to select ONE (1) company from the Service Industry and conduct a thorough or detailed investigation of the ethical issues that have reported on the media for organizations in the service industry for the past 5 years (2017 onwards). You have the option to conduct the analysis based on one country (i.e., Malaysia only) or more than one country. All evidence obtained from the media should be compiled and presented at the appendices section.
Critically analyse and evaluate the incidents related to business ethics issues by applying THREE (3) relevant business ethic theories. You are also required to provide criticisms and opinions on the issues.
Identify and explain which stakeholders have been affected by the incidents and how interest of the stakeholders are affected.
Propose FIVE (5) strategies to overcome the reported incidents in the context of business ethics.
Structure of Report: i chose the Hotel
Business Ethics issues:
Evaluate the incidents related to business ethics issues by applying THREE (3) relevant business ethics theories.
Stakeholder Analysis:
Analyse which stakeholders have been affected by the incidents and how it affects the related stakeholders’ interests.
Recommendations:
Suggest any FIVE (5) strategies to overcome the reported incidents in the context of business ethics.
Answers
To overcome these reported incidents, five strategies can be proposed. These include implementing a strong code of ethics, providing regular ethics training for employees, establishing an anonymous reporting system, conducting regular ethics audits, and fostering a culture of transparency and accountability. These strategies aim to create an ethical environment and rebuild stakeholder trust in XYZ Hotel.
The service industry has seen several ethical issues over the past five years, and one such company in the hotel industry is XYZ Hotel. By applying three relevant business ethics theories, we can critically analyze and evaluate these incidents.
One theory that can be applied is the Utilitarianism theory, which focuses on maximizing overall happiness. We can evaluate the incidents by analyzing if the actions taken by XYZ Hotel resulted in the greatest happiness for the majority of stakeholders. Another theory is the Virtue Ethics theory, which emphasizes moral character and virtues. By applying this theory, we can assess whether XYZ Hotel demonstrated virtues like honesty and integrity in their actions.
The third theory is the Stakeholder Theory, which considers the interests of all stakeholders. We can identify and explain how the incidents affected various stakeholders, such as customers, employees, and the local community. For example, unethical practices may have harmed customers' trust and affected employees' well-being.
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Fill in the table by indicating the changes in the determinants necessary to decrease short-run aggregate supply (increase/decrease)
Answers
Input prices and burdensome regulation will lead to an increase in the short-run aggregate supply while human capital leads to a decrease.
What is supply?It should be noted that supply is the quantity of goods that a producer is willing to sell at a price and particular period.
In this case, input prices and burdensome regulation will lead to an increase in the short-run aggregate supply while human capital leads to a decrease.
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incremental analysis is the process of identifying the financial data that [ select ] under alternative courses of action. previousnext
Answers
Incremental analysis is the process of identifying the financial data that changes or differs under alternative courses of action.
This includes identifying the relevant revenues, costs, and expenses that are impacted by each option being considered. By analyzing the incremental financial impacts of each option, decision-makers can determine which alternative is the most profitable or beneficial for the organization.
Incremental analysis, also known as differential analysis or relevant cost analysis, is a decision-making approach that involves comparing the incremental revenues, costs, and benefits associated with different alternatives or courses of action.
It focuses on the changes in costs and revenues between two or more alternatives rather than considering the total costs and revenues.
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Compare and contrast what is meant by "liquidity" when referring to a CD and a mutual fund.
Answers
Answer:
"Liquidity" refers to how quickly and easily an asset can be converted into cash without affecting its market value. When referring to a certificate of deposit (CD) and a mutual fund, there are some similarities and differences in terms of liquidity.
A CD is a type of savings account offered by banks and credit unions that typically offers a fixed interest rate and a fixed term, ranging from a few months to several years. During the term of the CD, the funds are generally not accessible without incurring a penalty. However, once the term is over, the CD can be redeemed for its full value, including any accrued interest. In terms of liquidity, CDs are generally considered to be less liquid than other types of savings or investment accounts, as access to funds before the end of the term usually incurs a penalty.
On the other hand, a mutual fund is an investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other securities. Mutual funds are generally bought and sold through a brokerage account, and investors can usually buy or sell shares at any time during the trading day at the current net asset value (NAV) of the fund. This means that mutual funds are generally considered to be more liquid than CDs, as investors can access their funds at any time without incurring a penalty.
In summary, while both CDs and mutual funds can provide a way to save and invest money, they differ in terms of liquidity. CDs generally offer a fixed interest rate and a fixed term, with limited access to funds before the end of the term. Mutual funds, on the other hand, offer more flexibility in terms of access to funds, as investors can buy or sell shares at any time during the trading day.
Implementing and executing strategy successfully requires Implementing and executing strategy successfully requires:______________
A. the same kinds of creative management talent and innovative thinking capabilities as crafting strategy.
B. a financially driven process aimed at squeezing the most profit out of conducting daily operations.
C. the efforts of a company's whole management team, not just a few senior managers
D. a high caliber CEO that possesses the business vision, industry and competitive analysis skills, and entrepreneurial creativity needed to navigate the competitive landscape.
E. less managerial expertise and effort to perform well, at least in comparison with crafting a winning strategy.
Answers
Answer: C. . the efforts of a company's whole management team, not just a few senior managers
Explanation:
Planning, implementing and carrying out strategies requires a careful, collective and calculative decision to be made by all head of department and the board of an organization, because the decision taken will rub off through these departments for implementation. The decision or choice of decision should not be left to a few persons in the organization because when the ideas and plans are arranged the execution may fail as all the respective department were not involved by their heads.
Example metrics of success for usability testing
Answers
Usability testing is a critical aspect of the user-centered design process that aims to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of a product. Some example metrics of success for usability testing include task completion rate, time on task, error rate, user satisfaction, and user retention rate.
To measure the success of usability testing, it is important to define relevant metrics that reflect the goals of the testing process. Task completion rate measures the percentage of users who can complete a specific task successfully, while time on task evaluates the amount of time users take to complete a task.
Error rate measures the number of errors users make while completing a task, and user satisfaction assesses how satisfied users are with the product. Finally, the user retention rate evaluates the percentage of users who continue to use the product after the testing process. By tracking these metrics, usability testers can determine the effectiveness of their design choices and make informed decisions to improve the product.
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Prompt
What are company values?
Read More >>
Answers
Answer:
As a definition, company core values are the clearly stated principles about the organization’s vision, mission, and principles. That way, everyone is aligned around a guiding philosophy to serve employees, customers, and the broader community.
That can also double as the definition of company culture. In many ways, values and culture are synonymous. They’re both about the higher aspirations of a company. The result is the DNA fundamental to a company’s identity
one advantage of part-time work is that it usually provides the same benefits that full-time employees receive.
TRUE OR FALSE
Answers
The statement "one advantage of part-time work is that it usually provides the same benefits that full-time employees receive" is False.
What is part-time work?Part-time work is a type of employment where people work for fewer hours than full-time employees. Part-time workers receive a wage, but they are not entitled to the same benefits as full-time employees.What are the advantages of part-time work?Part-time jobs have several benefits, including the following:Part-time work allows for greater flexibility in scheduling. Part-time jobs usually allow for a more flexible schedule than full-time jobs, making it an excellent choice for individuals who need to balance work and other obligations.Part-time work can offer financial benefits.
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many firms prefer to distribute directly to the final customer or consumer because they
Answers
Many firms prefer to distribute directly to the final customer or consumer because they believe it gives them more control over the customer experience. By selling directly to the consumer, the firm can ensure that their product is being presented in the best possible light and that the customer is receiving the highest level of service.
Another reason why firms may prefer direct distribution is that it can be more profitable. By cutting out intermediaries such as wholesalers or retailers, the firm can reduce costs and increase margins. This can allow them to offer their products at a lower price point than their competitors, which can be a significant competitive advantage.
However, there are also drawbacks to direct distribution. For example, it can be expensive to set up and maintain a distribution network, especially if the firm is selling a physical product that requires storage, transportation, and delivery. In addition, direct distribution can limit the firm's reach, as they may not have the resources to reach all potential customers or markets.
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Porter identified three generic strategies that a business could follow after identifying a market it wanted to enter.Which of the following is not included as one of Porter's three generic strategies?A) Broad differentiationB) Supplier cost differentiationC) Focused strategyD) Broad cost leadership
Answers
Answer:
B) Supplier cost differentiation
Explanation:
As per the Porter model of generic strategies, there are three strategies which are as follows
1. Cost leadership strategy: It deals with less cost to reach broad market
2. Differentiation strategy: It deals with offering different products to reach broad market
3. Focus strategy: In terms of cost leadership and differentitaion, it focused with less cost and offered unique products at narrow market segment
Therefore the option B is not included
benefits are a variety of benefits, in addition to salary and wages earned, that many companies provide to their employees.
Answers
Employee benefits are additional perks provided by companies, including healthcare, retirement plans, paid time off, and more, to enhance employee satisfaction and well-being.
Some common types of employee benefits include:
Health Insurance: Companies often provide medical, dental, and vision insurance coverage for employees and sometimes their dependents. This helps employees access necessary healthcare services and reduces their out-of-pocket expenses.
Retirement Plans: Employers may offer retirement savings plans such as 401(k) or pension plans to help employees save for their future. These plans often include employer contributions or matching programs, which encourage employees to save for retirement.
Paid Time Off (PTO): This includes vacation days, holidays, and sick leave, allowing employees to take time off from work while still receiving their regular pay. PTO promotes work-life balance and enables employees to rejuvenate and spend time with family and friends.
Flexible Work Arrangements: Companies may provide options for flexible work schedules, remote work, or part-time arrangements. These arrangements accommodate employees' personal needs, promote work-life integration, and enhance job satisfaction.
Employee Assistance Programs (EAP): EAPs offer confidential counseling and support services to employees and their families for personal or work-related challenges, including mental health, stress management, financial issues, or substance abuse.
Professional Development: Many companies invest in training programs, tuition reimbursement, or professional development opportunities to enhance employees' skills and knowledge. This helps employees grow in their careers and stay engaged in their work.
Employee Wellness Programs: Wellness initiatives promote employees' physical and mental well-being, such as gym memberships, wellness challenges, health screenings, and counseling services. These programs foster a healthy and productive workforce.
The specific benefits offered by a company may vary based on factors such as industry, company size, location, and employee needs. By providing comprehensive and competitive benefit packages, companies aim to attract top talent, increase employee satisfaction and engagement, and create a positive work environment.
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Which best describes how the government enables government monopolies to exist? by issuing a patent by allowing natural monopolies to exist by creating and running a monopoly by owning the means of production.
Answers
Government enables government monopolies to exist by owning the means of production.
What are monopolies?monopolies can be regarded as a practice whereby a particular entity is given opportunity to control a market by being the sole distributor in the market.
Therefore, government monopolies can exist if the government is sole producer in the country.
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Answer:
c. by creating and running a monopoly
Explanation:
Employee benefits ______. a. decrease total employment compensation b. increase total employment compensation c. decrease net pay d. increase net pay Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
Answers
Employee benefits increase total employment compensation. The Employees' Provident Fund, the Employees' State Insurance Scheme, statutory leaves, gratuities, and maternity leave are examples of statutory benefits.
Common employee benefits include a vehicle or mobility allowance, subsidized or free meals, and internet and cell phone bill reimbursement. Medical, disability, and life insurance, retirement benefits, paid time off, and fringe benefits are the most frequently offered perks. Benefits can be quite compensation worthwhile. The four basic types of employee benefits that many companies offer are medical insurance, life insurance, disability insurance, and retirement programs. Below, we've included a simple definition for each of these categories of employee perks.
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If you own a candy bar factory, the
"capital" for your factory would
include all of the following EXCEPT
which one?
A. The ingredients such as sugar and cream used in
making chocolate.
B. The machines that make the candy bars.
C. The employees who run the machines and
package the candy.
D. The rules and regulations that keep employees
and customers safe.
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Capital isn't the employees working, but the tools needed to help the employees work efficiently.
Answer:
A. The ingredients such as sugar and cream used inmaking chocolate.
Explanation:
Gadgetbug, an electronic gadgets company, has established itself as one of the industry leaders. the company has been facing competition from new entrants. the new entrants offer gadgets in different colors, with compelling artwork embossed on the cases. seeing the interest in this market, gadgetbug introduced its own range of uniquely designed gadgets. in this scenario, gadgetbug's attempt to cater to the different segments of customers to deter competition demonstrates:
Answers
In this scenario, gadgetbug's attempt to cater to the different segments of customers to deter competition demonstrates: product proliferation.
What do you mean by product proliferation?When businesses sell numerous variants of the same product, product proliferation happens.Different color schemes, product sizes, and product applications can achieve this. The company benefits from diversification as a result of being able to take market share that is significant.Product proliferation is a strategy used by businesses to expand their product offerings in a market or submarket in order to saturate the market and reduce unmet demand.To know more about Product Proliferation visit the link below
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When the business cycle or economic activity is declining, the economy is said to be in....?
A
the trough
B
contraction
C
expansion
D
recovery
Answers
contraction is to decline the answer is B
What gives commodity money its value? a government’s guarantee of its value the type of material with which it is made its rate of exchange in other countries the ability to trade it for a valuable good
Answers
Answer:
B. the type of material with which it is made
Explanation:
Money can be defined as any recognized economic unit that is generally accepted as a medium of exchange for goods and services, as well as repayment of debts such as loans, taxes across the world.
Also, an exchange can be defined as the process of providing goods and services by an individual or organization, to meet the needs of customers in exchange for an amount of money.
Hence, the type of material with which money is made is what gives commodity money its value because it is based on the perception of the buyer and seller of goods and services. A commodity money simply refers to money that derives its value from the commodity with which it is created from. Some examples of commodity money are gold, diamonds, silver, cowry, cocoa, copper and other valuable resources.
Answer:
B is correct
For the first part of this activity, you will be given a hypothetical monthly income, a list of your basic monthly bills, and a brief description of your living situation and daily life.Based on that information, you will create a monthly budget and financial plan that allows you to pay all of the necessary bills while also having enough money left over to live for the month.
You currently work as an elementary school teacher.
Your annual salary is $45,000
You bring home a weekly paycheck and your total monthly income, after taxes, is $2,850.00
You live alone in an apartment with the following bills:
Monthly rent: $1,000
Electric Bill: $82
Gas and Water: $44
Internet: $75
Other monthly bills include:
Cell Phone: $85
Student Loan: $200
Car Insurance: $130
Gym Membership: $20
Other details and expenses:
You live a pretty simple life. You are single and enjoy going out to dinner with friends once or twice a month.
You enjoy eating healthily and generally spend a good portion of your income on purchasing organic food. You like to grocery shop weekly and, on average, spend $100 per week.
You have a dog and he is due for a monthly check-up this month. You estimate this will cost around $150, but you have not scheduled the appointment yet.
You are relatively healthy and rarely visit the doctor, but you do have asthma that requires monthly inhalers. These are not covered by insurance and cost you $110 per month.
You love treating yourself to a movie. A movie ticket costs $10.
There is a concert that your friends have asked you to attend this month. Tickets are $250.
You opened a savings account several months ago and set a goal to deposit $200 into it each month.
Your Mom’s birthday is this month and you want to send her flowers. It will cost $75 to send her a beautiful bouquet.
The service light recently came on in your car. You have been avoiding taking it to the shop because you anticipate that it will cost anywhere from $150-$300. But if your car breaks down, you will not be able to get to work.
Answers
3750 take home monthly pay
if you have a salary that is the value for the whole year. Divide by 12 for each month to get the monthly take home gross pay.
45000/12 = 3750
Please please please help me I don’t know please someone help me. The subject is math
Answers
Answer:
The answers are already there
Explanation:
If you want to know how to do it:
How to calculate percentage:
[From decimal]
Decimal x 100 = percentage
e.g. 0.2 x 100 = 20%
[From fraction]
Numerator / Denominator x 100 = percentage
top number / bottom number x 100 = percentage
e.g. 3/5 --> 3 / 5 x 100 = 0.6 x 100 = 60%
How to calculate decimal:
[From percentage]
Percentage / 100 = Decimal
e.g. 45% / 100 = 0.45
[From fraction]
Numerator / Denominator = Decimal
top number / bottom number = Decimal
e.g. 7/8 = 7 / 8 = 0.875
How to calculate fraction:
[From percentage]
Percentage number / 100 --> simplify
e.g. 38% --> 38/100 --> 19/50
[From decimal]
Decimal x 100 / 100 --> simplify
e.g. 0.75 --> 0.75 x 100 = 75 --> 75/100 --> 3/4
Hope this helps :)
what independent sales branch is being replaced by a manufacturer sales branch
Answers
f a company currently earns $5.00 per share, and has a risk-adjusted equity cost of capital of 9%, a share of common stock should theoretically sell for approximately: multiple choice $48.00 $0.45 $5.00 $55.55
Answers
The theoretical share price of the company's common stock can be calculated using the formula: Share Price = Earnings per Share (EPS) / Equity Cost of Capital (ECC).The correct answer is $55.55
Plugging in the values given, we get: Share Price = $5.00 / 0.09 = $55.55. Therefore, the correct answer is $55.55. This calculation assumes that the company's earnings and risk profile remain consistent over time, and that the market accurately reflects the value of the company's shares.
It is important to note that this is only a theoretical value and the actual share price may fluctuate based on various market and company-specific factors.
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If the exchange rate for buying Japanese Yen is 12 Yens per Dollar, how many
Yens do you need to buy 200 Dollars for? show working please
Answers
Answer:
2,400 Yens
Explanation:
exchange rate for buying Japanese Yen is 12 Yens per Dollar
1 dollar : 12 Yens
how many Yens do you need to buy 200 Dollars for?
Let
x = number of Yens needed
200 dollars : x Yens
Equate the ratios to find x
1 dollar : 12 Yens = 200 dollars : x Yens
1/12 = 200/x
Cross product
1 * x = 12 * 200
x = 2,400
x = number of Yens needed = 2,400 Yens
Answer:
2400 yen
Explanation:
smort
PLEASE HELP ASAP!!! FOR CAREER DISCOVERY!!!
Imagine you work for a large manufacturing company and are having trouble with your coworkers. You hear two coworkers gossiping and saying negative things about you. One even accuses you of stealing. Write a scenario to explain how you would handle the situation.
Dimitri is trying to decide what elective or career training courses he should take. Explain to Dimitri what elective or career training classes you chose, and which careers they can help you explore. Be sure to explain the sources you used to help you pick your classes, so Dimitri knows where to look for information. If you chose any internships or volunteer opportunities, tell him about those too. Explain why the classes and other opportunities seemed like the right path for you.
Creating career goals is important! So, what are your goals for finding a career? Write down at least one short-term goal, one mid-term goal, and one long-term goal. You can use your career planning document or spreadsheet, or your personal assessment concept web to help you. Then come up with specific steps you could take to learn more about your chosen career and achieve your goals. But don’t worry! You don’t need to stick to these goals forever. They’re a snapshot of your thinking right now.
Learning and growing are lifelong journeys. Think about what you’ve learned about yourself from taking personality tests and making career planning notes. Choose one of the ideas from this list and explain three ways it could help you improve your school performance:
Appropriate study habits
Organizational strategies
Stress reduction techniques
Time management tactics
You may need to do a little research on the topic you choose. Be sure to explain how you’ll assess whether your improvement plan is working. For example, will you meet with a teacher, write journal entries, or compare your test scores before and after making changes?
Choose three career terms or concepts you learned about in this unit. Explain them in your own words to a student who has never taken this course. Then explain how these concepts can help a person find a job or career that will meet their needs. Some terms and concepts you could choose from include:
Career cluster
Job versus career
Self-inventory
Values
Integrity
Work-life balance
Career portfolio
Answers
A career refers to your profession or chosen line of work, which can include one job or multiple jobs.
What is the meaning of a Career?You maintain the same line of employment when you have a career. A career can consist of one or several jobs. You may work for a single company or several. A "career path" is another name for a career. Education, training, and work experience are all components of a career.
A career is the range of experiences you've had throughout your life. You are developing your career as you gain more knowledge in both the work and personal realms. Your professional path takes into consideration your education, training, and any work you have done for pay or not.
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On a personal level, as you begin looking for a job after you graduate, it will be critical for you to know how to
A) market value
B) communicate value.
C) deliver value
D) forecast value
E) explain value
Answers
Answer:
B) communicate value.
Explanation:
Employees are a cost to employers. An employer will consider hiring a new employee if they are convinced that the benefits from the employee outweigh the costs.
A fresh graduate will have to convince a potential employer that they are worth being hired. The graduates need to communicate the value they shall add to the business. The ability to communicate one's value is critical for a successful job hunting mission.
revenue per employee is a common measure of efficiency for a.automated assembly lines. b.service-oriented businesses. c.merchandisers. d.none of these choices are correct.
Answers
Revenue per employee is a standard metric of service-oriented business efficiency. Thus, the correct choice is (b) service-oriented businesses.
What exactly does service-oriented business imply?A service-oriented company delivers a service to its clients or consumers. Businesses and other businesses are often classed according to whether they offer commodities or services. Farms, mines, and manufacturing are examples of those that produce products.
A Service Oriented Organization is one that has embraced the notion of running IT like a business by implementing service management methods throughout a company's whole portfolio of IT services. You may apply incremental innovation to supplement your present service management techniques.
Airlines, banks, computer service bureaus, legal firms, plumbing repair companies, movie theaters, and management consulting organizations are examples of pure service enterprises.
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what action results in fewer shares outstanding, so remaining shareholders own a larger proportion of the company? group of answer choices stock split stock repurchase proxy declaration date
Answers
A stock repurchase results in fewer shares outstanding, so the remaining shareholders own a larger proportion of the company.
In a stock repurchase, a company buys back its own shares from the market, reducing the number of shares outstanding. This means that the remaining shareholders own a larger proportion of the company, and their ownership is more concentrated.
On the other hand, a stock split results in an increase in the number of shares outstanding, while a proxy declaration date is a process in which shareholders are asked to vote on certain proposals, such as the election of directors or the approval of mergers and acquisitions, and does not result in a change in the number of shares outstanding.
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providing credible evidence such as current statistics is a positive way to influence the reader. true or false
Answers
True, providing credible evidence such as current statistics is a positive way to influence the reader. This approach adds reliability and trustworthiness to your argument or information, making it more convincing and persuasive.
True. Providing credible evidence, such as current statistics, is a positive way to influence the reader. By presenting reliable and relevant information, the reader is more likely to be persuaded and convinced of the argument being made. Using credible evidence also demonstrates the author's expertise and authority on the topic. You may back up your points and show that you know your stuff by including precise and pertinent data in your speeches. In order to avoid overwhelming the audience and keep their attention on your message, it is crucial to employ them selectively.
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Pupule Travel. Pupule Travel, a Honolulu, Hawaii-based 100% privately owned travel company, has signed an agreement to acquire a 50% ownership share of Taichung Travel, a Taiwan-based privately owned travel agency specializing in servicing inbound customers from the United States and Canada. The acquisition price is 7. 1 million Taiwan dollars (NT$7,100,000) payable in cash in three months. Thomas Carson, Pupule Travel's owner, believes the Taiwan dollar will either remain stable or decline slightly over the next three months. At the present spot rate of NT$33. 76/$, the amount of cash required is only $202,857, but even this relatively modest amount will need to be borrowed personally by Thomas Carson. Taiwanese interest-bearing deposits by non-residents are regulated by the government, and are currently set at 1. 4977% per year. He has a credit line with Bank of Hawaii for $200,000 with a current borrowing interest rate of 7. 9532% per year. He does not believe that he can calculate a credible weighted average cost of capital since he has no stock outstanding and his competitors are all also privately held. Since the acquisition would use up all his available credit, he wonders if he should hedge this transaction exposure. He has the following quotes from the Bank of Hawaii: How much in U. S. Dollars will Pupule Travel pay in 3 months without a hedge if the expected spot rate in 3 months is assumed to be NT$33. 76/$? $_______ (Round to the nearest cent. ) How much in U. S. Dollars will Pupule Travel pay in 3 months without a hedge if the expected spot rate in 3 months is assumed to be NT$32. 76/$?
Answers
Without hedging, Pupule Travel's acquisition cost depends on the exchange rate at the time. It may be prudent to hedge its transaction exposure using forward contracts or options after carefully evaluating the options and consulting with experts.
If Pupule Travel does not hedge the transaction exposure, the amount it will pay in U.S. dollars in three months will depend on the exchange rate at that time. Based on the current spot rate of NT$33.76/$ and assuming that this rate remains constant over the next three months, Pupule Travel will pay $202,857 (NT$7,100,000/NT$33.76/$) for the acquisition.
However, if the expected spot rate in three months is assumed to be NT$32.76/$, Pupule Travel will need to pay more in U.S. dollars since the Taiwan dollar is expected to appreciate against the U.S. dollar. In this case, Pupule Travel will need to pay $216,920 (NT$7,100,000/NT$32.76/$) for the acquisition, which is $14,063 more than if it had not hedged its exposure.
Given that Pupule Travel will use up all its available credit to finance the acquisition, it may be prudent to hedge its transaction exposure to mitigate potential losses in case the Taiwan dollar appreciates against the U.S. dollar. One possible way to hedge the exposure is to use a forward contract, which allows Pupule Travel to lock in an exchange rate for a future date.
Alternatively, it could use options to limit its downside risk while preserving upside potential. However, these hedging strategies come with their own costs and risks, so Pupule Travel should carefully evaluate its options and consult with financial experts before making a decision.
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