Consider a solution containing 0.100 M fluoride ions and 0.126 M hydrogen fluoride. The concentration of fluoride ions after the addition of 5.00 mL of 0.0100 M HCl to 25.0 mL of this solution is __________ M.

a. 0.0980
b. 0.0817
c. 0.0167
d. 0.0850
e. 0.00253

The concentration of the hydrogen carbonate ion ([HCO₃⁻]) is approximately 3.15 x 10⁷ and the concentration of the carbonic acid ([H₂CO₃]) is approximately 2.52 x 10⁷.

The carbonate buffer system plays a crucial role in maintaining the pH balance of the extracellular environment. In this system, carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) and hydrogen carbonate (HCO₃⁻) act as a conjugate acid-base pair. Given that the ratio of carbonic acid to hydrogen carbonate is 1.25:1, we can assume that the initial concentration of carbonic acid is higher. Let's denote the initial concentration of carbonic acid as [H₂CO₃] and the concentration of hydrogen carbonate as [HCO₃⁻]. The dissociation of carbonic acid can be represented by the equation: H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻. The equilibrium constant (Ka) for this reaction is given as 4.5 x 10⁻⁷. At physiological pH (7.35), the concentration of H⁺ is determined by the dissociation of carbonic acid and is tightly regulated. To calculate the concentration of hydrogen carbonate ion ([HCO₃⁻]), we need to make use of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃])

Substituting the given values, we have:

7.35 = -log(4.5 x 10⁻⁷) + log([HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃])

Rearranging the equation, we find:

log([HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃]) = 7.35 + log(4.5 x 10⁻⁷)

Taking antilog of both sides, we get:

[HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃] = 10^(7.35 + log(4.5 x 10⁻⁷))

Simplifying the right-hand side, we have:

[HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃] ≈ 3.15 x 10⁷

Since the initial ratio of H₂CO₃ to HCO₃⁻ is 1.25:1, we can set up the equation:

[HCO₃⁻] = 1.25 x [H₂CO₃]

Substituting the value of [HCO₃⁻]/[H₂CO₃] from above, we find:

1.25 x [H₂CO₃] = 3.15 x 10⁷

Solving for [H₂CO₃], we get:

[H₂CO₃] ≈ 2.52 x 10⁷

Therefore, the concentration of the hydrogen carbonate ion ([HCO₃⁻]) is approximately 3.15 x 10⁷ and the concentration of the carbonic acid ([H₂CO₃]) is approximately 2.52 x 10⁷.

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

"Observations is the action of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information" - google dictionary. This definition does not completely match the definition given, so the answer is false.

I hope this helps!

Answer: true

Explanation: the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information that is the real definition

The volume of 12 gas forms when 21 L Cl2 react at STP is 21 L.

To determine the volume of 12 gas (I assume you mean I2 gas) formed when 21 L of Cl2 reacts at STP (standard temperature and pressure), we need to use the ideal gas law equation.

The ideal gas law equation is given by:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature

At STP, the pressure is 1 atm, and the temperature is 273.15 K.

From the balanced equation, we can see that the molar ratio between Cl2 and I2 is 1:1. So, if 21 L of Cl2 reacts, it will produce an equal volume of I2 gas.

Given that the volume of Cl2 is 21 L, we can assume the volume of I2 gas formed will also be 21 L.

Therefore, the volume of I2 gas formed is 21 L.

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Answer: -2

EXPLANATION

Valence refers to the number of electrons that an atom must borrow or lend to complete its outermost shell. An atom of oxygen wants to add two more electrons to complete its outer shell of eight electrons. Since doing so would result in the oxygen atom becoming negatively charged by accepting two more electrons, oxygen is said to have a valence -2  

                                                           -2

this is the answer

Toxins are chemicals made by plants and animals that are harmful to humans (toxic). Aside from being harmful in tiny dosages, several medications can also be toxic in big levels. The majority of toxins that affect people are produced by bacteria and other microorganisms.

Infants and young children are most exposed to BPA through their diet. The highest estimations fall 4.5 times short of the t-TDI. They eat more food overall per unit of body weight, which explains this. For the highest estimates, dietary exposure for bottle-fed babies between 0 and 6 months is 50-fold below the t-TDI.

Pollutants such heavy metals, dioxins, PCBs, and furans are released when plastics and plastic goods are burned in the open.

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The concentration of the original sulfuric acid solution is 0.05398M

In order to determine the concentration of the original sulfuric acid solution, we use the volume of the standard sodium hydroxide solution used in the titration along with the concept of stoichiometry.

Let us check the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) used in the titration,

Moles of NaOH = Molarity of NaOH x Volume of NaOH

=0.1463M x 18.47 mL

= 0.002699 Moles

As the balanced chemical equation between Sulfuric acid (\(H_SO_4\)) and sodium hydroxide is 1:2, then we can deduct that 1 mole of sulfuric acid can react with 2 moles of sodium hydroxide.

In that case, the number of moles of sulfuric acid in the 10.00 mL sample is;

Moles of \(H_2SO_4\) = 0.002699 Moles x (1/2)

= 0.0013495 Moles

Now we can calculate the concentration of the original sulfuric acid solution:

That is, the concentration of \(H_2SO_4\) = Moles of \(H_2SO_4\) / Volume of original acid solution

=0.0013495 Moles / 0.02500L

=0.05398 M

Therefore, the concentration of the original sulfuric acid solution is approximately 0.05398 M.

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Heat is added to ice at 0 °C. Explain why the temperature of the ice does not change. What does change?When heat is added to ice at 0°C, the temperature of the ice does not change. This happens because all the heat energy is used up in overcoming the intermolecular forces of attraction (hydrogen bonds) that exist between the water molecules in ice.

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Answer:

When salt is mixed with water, the salt dissolves because the covalent bonds of water are stronger than the ionic bonds in the salt molecules.

Explanation:

its like cotton candy in water

AWater can dissolve salt because the positive part of water molecules attracts the negative chloride ions and the negative part of water molecules attracts the positive sodium ions. The amount of a substance that can dissolve in a liquid (at a particular temperature) is called the solubility of the substance

Explanation:

The amount of copper in moles in the 27.5 g pure copper sheet is approximately 0.433 moles.

To calculate the amount of copper in moles in a pure copper sheet, we need to use the molar mass of copper and the given mass of the sheet.

The molar mass of copper (Cu) is approximately 63.55 g/mol. This value represents the mass of one mole of copper atoms.

Given that the mass of the pure copper sheet is 27.5 g, we can calculate the number of moles using the following formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

Substituting the values:

moles = 27.5 g / 63.55 g/mol

moles ≈ 0.433 mol

Therefore, the amount of copper in moles in the 27.5 g pure copper sheet is approximately 0.433 moles.

To arrive at this result, we divided the given mass of the sheet (27.5 g) by the molar mass of copper (63.55 g/mol). This calculation allows us to convert the mass of the sheet into the corresponding number of moles of copper.

The result tells us that the 27.5 g pure copper sheet contains approximately 0.433 moles of copper atoms. This conversion to moles is useful in various chemical calculations and allows for easier comparison and analysis of quantities on a molecular scale.

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Answer:

I think the answer is 2mL.

Explanation:

i hope it help.

Considering the phase diagram, the state of matter that exists in area B is gas.

The correct option is A.

A phase diagram is a graphical representation that shows the conditions of temperature and pressure at which different phases or states of a substance exist.

The axes of a phase diagram typically represent temperature (usually on the horizontal axis) and pressure (usually on the vertical axis). The diagram is divided into regions that correspond to different phases, and the lines separating these regions represent phase boundaries.

The point where three phase boundaries meet is known as the triple point, which represents the temperature and pressure at which all three phases can coexist in equilibrium.

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Answer:

1.) 2 Fe (s) + 3 Cl₂ (g) ---> 2 FeCl₃ (aq)

2.) 2.0 moles FeCl₃

3.) 0.67 moles FeCl₃

4.) 1.5 g FeCl₃

Explanation:

1.)

The unbalanced reaction:

Fe (s) + Cl₂ (g) ---> FeCl₃ (aq)

Reactants: 1 iron, 2 chlorine

Products: 1 iron, 3 chlorine

The balanced reaction:

2 Fe (s) + 3 Cl₂ (g) ---> 2 FeCl₃ (aq)

Reactants: 2 iron, 6 chlorine

Products: 2 iron, 6 chlorine

2.)

To find moles FeCl₃, you need to multiply the given value by the mole-to-mole ratio of Fe to FeCl₃. This ratio is constructed via the coefficients from the balanced equation.

2.0 moles Fe          2 moles FeCl₃
---------------------  x  ------------------------  = 2.0 moles FeCl₃
                                 2 moles Fe

3.)

To determine how much FeCl₃ is produced, you need to identify the limiting reagent. To find it, you need to convert both reactants to the product then identify which reactant gives you the smallest amount of product. This reactant is the limiting reagent and will give you your actual answer.

1.0 mole Fe         2 moles FeCl₃
-------------------  x  -----------------------  = 1.0 moles FeCl₃
                               2 moles Fe

1.0 mole Cl₂         2 moles FeCl₃
-------------------  x  ------------------------  = 0.67 moles FeCl₃
                              3 moles Cl₂

4.)

Because Cl₂ is the limiting reagent, we need to convert grams Cl₂ to grams FeCl₃. This can be done using the molar masses of both compounds and the mole-to-mole ratio.

Molar Mass (Cl₂): 2(35.453 g/mol)

Molar Mass (Cl₂): 70.906 g/mol

Molar Mass (FeCl₃): 55.845 g/mol + 3(35.453 g/mol)

Molar Mass (FeCl₃): 162.204 g/mol

1.0 g Cl₂          1 mole             2 moles FeCl₃         162.204 g
-------------  x  -----------------  x  -----------------------  x  ------------------  =  1.5 g FeCl₃
                      70.906 g            3 moles Cl₂              1 mole

Answer: Sodium salt

Explanation: sorry if this is wrong

The specific heat capacity of this chunk of metal is equal to 0.32 J/g°C.

Given the following data:

To determine the specific heat capacity of this chunk of metal:

Mathematically, quantity of heat is given by the formula;

\(Q = mc\theta\)

Where:

Making c the subject of formula, we have:

\(c = \frac{Q}{m\theta}\)

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

\(c = \frac{400}{250 \times (25-20)}\\\\c = \frac{400}{250 \times 5}\\\\c = \frac{400}{1250 }\)

Specific heat, c = 0.32 J/g°C.

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The density of the iron placed in the water is 7.87g/mL.

Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume. The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume as follows:

Density = mass ÷ volume

According to this question, one adds 9.6 g of iron to 23.60 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 24.82 mL.

Volume of iron = 24.82mL - 23.60mL = 1.22mL

Density of iron = 9.6g ÷ 1.22mL

Density of iron = 7.87g/mL

Therefore, 7.87g/mL is the density of the iron.

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Answer:

1 mol of electron is exchanged. The mol of electrons that is released by the iron, is gained by the silver.

Explanation:

We need to determine the half reactions:

Ag⁺ → Ag

These is the reduction reaction, where Silver decreases the oxidation state. It gained 1 mol of e⁻

Fe²⁺ → Fe³⁺

In this case, iron increases the oxidation state, from +2 to +3. It has released 1 mol of electrons. This is the oxidation reaction.

The complete redox is:

Ag⁺ + 1e⁻ → Ag

Fe²⁺ → Fe³⁺ + 1e⁻

Ag⁺(aq) + 1e⁻ + Fe²⁺(aq) ⇌ Ag(s) + Fe³⁺(aq) + 1e⁻

The electrons will be cancelled.

In the redox reaction Ag⁺(aq) + Fe²⁺(aq) ⇌ Ag(s) + Fe³⁺(aq),

1 mole of electrons is exchanged.

Let's consider the following balanced redox reaction.

Ag⁺(aq) + Fe²⁺(aq) ⇌ Ag(s) + Fe³⁺(aq).

We can identify both half-reactions.

We can conclude that:

In the redox reaction Ag⁺(aq) + Fe²⁺(aq) ⇌ Ag(s) + Fe³⁺(aq),

1 mole of electrons is exchanged.

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The measure of the length of events and the duration of intervals between events is time.

The duration of events or the gaps between them can be measured, compared, or even ordered using time. The lengthy period of time that the Earth's geologic history takes up is known as geologic time. Starting at the beginning of the Archean Eon  formal geologic time runs until the present. Geology is defined as the "Science of the Earth."

Geology is the fundamental Earth science that examines how the earth created, its structure and composition, and the various forces acting on it. It is sometimes known as geoscience or earth science.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Edg answer

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

Lake pontchartrain

Explanation:

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

12 L

Explanation:

P1 V1 = P2 V 2

P1 V1 / P2 = V2

3 * 6 / 1.5 = 12 L

Answer: As you move down the column in the periodic table the ionic charge increases.

Explanation: This is because the effective nuclear charge (Z_sub_eff) provides a shielding constant so that the nuclear charge from the protons cannot interfere with the negative nuclear force of the electrons.

Yes, ionic charge patterns exist. Elements in the same group often share similar charges due to common valence electron configurations.

Indeed, a pattern emerges in terms of ionic charges within the periodic table. Elements within the same group (vertical columns) often exhibit similar ionic charges due to sharing common valence electron configurations.

For instance, Group 1 elements tend to form +1 cations (e.g., Na⁺, K⁺) by losing their single valence electron, while Group 2 elements form +2 cations (e.g., Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺) by losing two valence electrons. Similarly, elements in Group 17, known as halogens, commonly form -1 anions (e.g., F⁻, Cl⁻) by gaining one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

This recurring trend can be attributed to the desire of atoms to achieve a full valence shell, either by losing or gaining electrons, leading to predictable ionic charges within specific groups of elements.

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Answer:

The heat Q transferred to cause a temperature change depends on the magnitude of the temperature change, the mass of the system, and the substance and phase involved. (a) The amount of heat transferred is directly proportional to the temperature change.

Hope it helps, BE SAFE! :3

Answer:

Explanation:

a ) silver chloride AgCl and lead chloride PbCl₂  Hg₂Cl₂ ,  are not dissolved in ware

so Ag⁺ and Pb⁺² Hg₂ ⁺² will precipitate out .

b ) BaSO₄ , SrSO₄  are insoluble

Ba⁺² and Sr⁺² will precipitate out .

c )

Al₂( CO₃)₃ ,  Fe₂(CO₃)₃  , CuCO₃ insoluble .

Al⁺³ and Fe⁺³ and Cu⁺² will be insoluble .

d )  

2Fe⁺³(aq) + 3CO₃⁻²(aq) = Fe₂(CO₃)₃ (s)

Taking into account the Charles's law, the gas occupies a volume of 0.0182 m³ when the temperature is raised to 95.0 °C. ​

Charles's law shows the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas sample at constant pressure.

This law states that the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas: if the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases, while if the temperature of the gas decreases, the volume decreases.

Mathematically, Charles' law is a law that says that when the amount of gas and pressure remain constant, the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:

\(\frac{V}{T}= k\)

Considering an initial state 1 and an initial state 2:

\(\frac{V1}{T1}= \frac{V2}{T2}\)

In  this case, you know:

Replacing in Charles's Law:

\(\frac{0.0141 m^{3} }{284.5 K}=\frac{V2}{368 K}\)

Solving:

\(\frac{0.0141 m^{3} }{284.5 K}x368 K=V2\)

0.0182 m³= V2

Finally, the gas occupies a volume of 0.0182 m³ when the temperature is raised to 95.0 °C. ​

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The liquid substance used in the laboratory for dissolving dry mortar on floor flies is hydrochloric acid.

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that can dissolve many materials, including dry mortar.

Hydrochloric acid also known as muriatic acid or sulfuric acid, are commonly used to dissolve hardened mortar or concrete residues.

To use hydrochloric acid to dissolve dry mortar, you will need to mix the acid with water in a ratio of 1 part acd to 10 parts water.

You should then apply the mixture to the dry mortar using a brush or spray botle.

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The sources of energy for humans are associated with the intake of biomolecules in the form of foods (i.e., carbs, proteins and lipids) while in machines​ are associated with the generation of electricity.

The sources of energy for humans are those biomolecules required to carry out metabolic functions, namely carbs, lipids and proteins, which can be oxidized to obtain energy in the form of ATP.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the sources of energy for humans are biomolecules while the source of energy for machines is electricity.

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Answer:

that's molecular

Molecular formula