Cuestion 2 Not yet an Marked ou Suppose you are designing a sliding window GBN protocol for a 5 Mbps point to point link, which has a one way propagation delay of 3.3 sec. Assuming that each frame (segment) carries 574 byte of data. What is the minimum number of bits do you need for the sequence number? Assume error free link. Flag que Answer:

If x(t) = Vs(t) and y(t) = Vc(t), where Vs(t) is the input voltage and Vc(t) is the voltage across the capacitor, we can derive the differential equation relating the two.

In the RLC circuit, we have a resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C) cnnected in series.

Using Kirchhoff's voltage law, we can write the equation:

Vs(t)  VR(t) + VL(t) + VC(t)

Where VR(t) is the voltage across the resistor, VL(t) is the voltage across the inductor, and VC(t) is the voltage across the capacitor.

Since y(t) = Vc(t), we can rewrite the equation as:

Vs(t) = VR(t) + VL(t) + y(t)

ow let's express each component of the circuit in terms of its voltage and current.

\(VR(t) = IR(t) * RVL(t) = L * dI(t)/dtVC(t) = (1/C) ∫[0 to t] I(t') dt'\)

Substituting these expressions back into the equation, we have:

\(Vs(t) = IR(t) * R + L * dI(t)/dt + (1/C) ∫[0 to t] I(t') dt' + y(t)\)

Rearranging the equation and assuming ideal components, we get:

\(L * dI(t)/dt + IR(t) * R + (1/C) ∫[0 to t] I(t') dt' + y(t) = Vs(t)\)

Differentiating both sides of the equation with respect to time, we get:

\(L * d²I(t)/dt² + R * dI(t)/dt + (1/C) * I(t) + dy(t)/dt = dVs(t)/dt\)

This is the derived differential equation relating the input x(t) = Vs(t) and the output y(t) = Vc(t) for the given RLC circuit. If x(t) = Vs(t) and y(t) = I(t), where Vs(t) is the input voltage and I(t) is the current flowing through the circuit, we can derive the differential equation relating the two.

Using Kirchhoff's voltage law, we can write the equation:

\(Vs(t) = VR(t) + VL(t) + VC(t)\)

Since y(t) = I(t), we can rewrite the equation as:

\(Vs(t) = VR(t) + VL(t) + (1/C) ∫[0 to t] y(t') dt'\)

Now let's express each component of the circuit in terms of its voltage andcurrent.

\(VR(t) = IR(t) * RVL(t) = L * dI(t)/dtVC(t) = (1/C) ∫[0 to t] I(t') dt'\)

Substituting these expressions back into the equation, we have:

\(Vs(t) = IR(t) * R + L * dI(t)/dt + (1/C) ∫[0 to t] I(t') dt'\)

Differentiating both sides of the equation with respect to time, we get:

\(L * d²I(t)/dt² + R * dI(t)/dt + (1/C) * I(t) = dVs(t)/dt\)

This is the derived differential equation relating the input x(t) = Vs(t) and the output y(t) = I(t) for the given RLC circuit.

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Wiring components are considered accessible when (1) access can be gained without damaging the structure or finish of the building or (2) they are provided with a suitable access panel, door, or removable cover.

These requirements ensure that wiring components can be easily accessed for maintenance, inspections, repairs, or modifications without causing unnecessary damage to the building or compromising the safety of individuals working on or around the electrical system. Proper accessibility of wiring components is essential for efficient operation, troubleshooting, and compliance with electrical codes and standards.

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The Laplace transform of the given time-dependent voltage v(t) = aδ(t – 2) + Bu(t – 3) is calculated using the linearity property and the table of Laplace transforms.

The Laplace transform of v(t) = aδ(t – 2) + Bu(t – 3) can be found by applying the linearity property of Laplace transforms. We break down the expression into two terms: the first term aδ(t – 2) and the second term Bu(t – 3).

For the first term, we use the time-shifting property of the Laplace transform, which states that the Laplace transform of δ(t – a) is e^(-as). Applying this property, the Laplace transform of aδ(t – 2) becomes ae^(-2s).

For the second term, we use the time-shifting property again, resulting in the Laplace transform of Bu(t – 3) as Be^(-3s)/s.

Combining the Laplace transforms of the two terms, we have the Laplace transform of v(t) = aδ(t – 2) + Bu(t – 3) as Ae^(-2s) + Be^(-3s)/s.

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Answer:

The appropriate answer is "0.0043".

Explanation:

The given values is:

Error probability,

p = 0.01

Received digits,

n = 10

and,

\(x\sim Binomial\)

As we know,

⇒  \(P(x)=\binom{n}{x}p^xq^{n-x}\)

Now,

⇒  \(P(x >1) =1- \left \{ P(x=0)+P(x=1) \right \}\)

⇒                 \(=1-\left \{\binom{10}{0}(0.01)^0(0.99)^{10-0}+\binom{10}{0}(0.01)^1(0.99)^{10-1} \right \}\)

⇒                 \(=1-0.9957\)

⇒                 \(=0.0043\)

Answer:

try b

Explanation:

A pediatrician would use an ophthalmoscope for viewing the interior of the eyes.

Ophthalmoscope is an instrument used by pediatricians and other physicians to examine the interior of the eye.

The ophthalmoscope, an important diagnostic tool in ophthalmology, enables doctors to view the retina, optic disc, macula, and other parts of the eye in detail.

The ophthalmoscope is designed to allow physicians to view the interior of the eye through the pupil. With the help of an ophthalmoscope, doctors can diagnose and monitor a variety of eye disorders, such as glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration.

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A pediatrician is a doctor who specializes in treating babies, toddlers, and children up to the age of 18. Pediatricians are well-equipped to diagnose, treat, and illnesses. Because they deal with such young patients, pediatricians must have access to a variety of specialized medical instruments,

One such instrument is an ophthalmoscope. An ophthalmoscope is a handheld instrument that is used to view the interior of the eye. It allows doctors to examine the retina, optic disc, and other structures of the eye to identify any signs of damage or disease.
Pediatricians might use an ophthalmoscope to diagnose a variety of eye conditions in children. For example, they might use it to look for signs of strabismus (a misalignment of the eyes), cataracts (cloudy areas on the lens of the eye), or glaucoma (increased pressure in the eye that can damage the optic nerve)
In addition to an ophthalmoscope, they might also use other specialized instruments to examine different parts of the eye.

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how am I going to do this, I have a friend that might be able to help I will check

Let the angular velocity vector of link AB be denoted by \(\vec{\Omega}_{AB}\) and the velocity of collar B be denoted by\(\vec{v}_B\). By definition, the angular velocity is given by

\(\vec{\Omega}_{AB} = \frac{d\vec{\theta}}{dt}\)

where \(\vec{\theta}\) is the angular displacement vector of the link AB.

We can find the angular velocity vector by solving the following equation:

M \(\begin{bmatrix} \theta \\ \vec{v}_B \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} f_1 \\ f_2 \end{bmatrix}\)

where M is the matrix representing the motion of the link AB, \theta is the angular displacement of the link,\(\vec{v}_B\)is the velocity of collar B, and f_1 and f_2 are constants.

Using Symbolic Matlab, we can solve for \theta and \(\vec{v}_B\) by solving the above equation:

\({bmatrix} \theta \\)

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Answer:

color

Explanation:

Without more context I cannot be sure that this is correct, but I believe you are looking for the CSS declaration property of "color".

Have a nice day!

     I hope this is what you are looking for, but if not - comment! I will edit and update my answer accordingly.

- Heather

The value of the site is $10,472,000.

The total construction costs are:

$6,000/m2 * 10,000m2 + $400,000 = $64,000,000

The professional fees are:

$64,000,000 * 0.13 = $8,320,000

The total development costs are:

$64,000,000 + $8,320,000 = $72,320,000

The developer's return for risk and profit is:

$72,320,000 * 0.20 = $14,464,000

The total cost of the development is:

$72,320,000 + $14,464,000 = $86,784,000

The expected rent is:

$3,000/m2 * 8,000m2 * 12 months = $28,800,000

The initial yield is:

$28,800,000 * 0.07 = $2,016,000

The value of the site is:

$86,784,000 - $2,016,000 = $10,472,000

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The main conclusion of the above argument is "Whether or not the science behind the pill is sound, there's no denying its profound effects in some people." The given passage is about the weight loss pill that claims.

The company claims that it's a fantastic pill, but critics say that there are no comprehensive trials to support their claim.There are verifiable cases of those who took the pill and lost significant weight. So, whether or not the science behind the pill is sound, there's no denying its profound effects in some people.

Therefore, the conclusion of the argument is that the pill has shown a significant impact on weight loss in some people.More than 100 words:This article discusses a weight loss pill that promises to increase metabolic rate by 20%. Despite the company's assertions, critics claim that there are no comprehensive trials to support this claim.

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Answer:

\(D=4.02\)

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Part Dimension \(x=4.00in\)

Generally the equation for the corresponding dimension to which the mold cavity should be machined is mathematically given by

\(D=x-(xS)+(4S^2)\)

Where

S= Value for Skinage

From Table pf AB's

\(S=0.006\)

Therefore

\(D=4-(4*0.006)+(4(0.006)^2)\)

\(D=4.02\)

Approximately 1 solar heating panel is required to heat the water from 20ºC to 40ºC.

To estimate the number of 4'x8' solar heating panels required to heat water at a home from 20ºC to 40ºC, we need to consider the energy requirements, efficiency, solar irradiation, and the heat capacity of water.

- Daily water usage: 125 gallons

- Efficiency (η): 0.7

- Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI): 7 kW-hr/m2

- Heat capacity of water: 4200 J/(kg ºC)

First, we need to convert the daily water usage from gallons to kilograms. Since 1 gallon is approximately 3.78541 kilograms, the daily water usage is approximately 471.9275 kg.

Next, we calculate the energy required to heat the water from 20ºC to 40ºC using the formula:

Energy = Mass of water * Specific heat capacity * Temperature change

Temperature change = (40ºC - 20ºC) = 20ºC

Energy = 471.9275 kg * 4200 J/(kg ºC) * 20ºC = 19,773,090 J

Now, we need to calculate the energy received from the solar panels. The total energy received can be obtained by multiplying the DNI by the area of the solar panels and the efficiency.

Area of a 4'x8' panel = 4 ft * 8 ft = 32 ft2

Converting to square meters: 32 ft2 * 0.092903 m2/ft2 = 2.97256 m2

Total energy received = DNI * Area of panels * Efficiency

Total energy received = 7 kW-hr/m2 * 2.97256 m2 * 0.7 * 3600 kJ/kWh * 1000 J/kJ = 65,647,040 J

Finally, we can calculate the number of panels required by dividing the energy required by the energy received per panel:

Number of panels = Energy required / Total energy received

Number of panels = 19,773,090 J / 65,647,040 J = 0.301

Please note that this calculation is an estimation based on the given data and assumptions. Other factors such as system losses, temperature variations, and specific panel efficiency may affect the actual number of panels required in a real-world scenario.

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Answer:

Part 1

1) 0.252 kg/s

2) 457.06 K

3) 63.45%

4) 17.96 kJ

5) 44.85%

Part 2

1) 65.92 kJ

2) 57.62 kJ/kg

Explanation:

1) The mass flow rate

The flow velocity is given by the Bernoulli relation;

\(U =\sqrt{ \dfrac{\Delta P}{\rho } }\)

Where:

ΔP = The difference in pressure = 50 - (-2) = 52 kPa

ρ = Density of air = 1.225 kg/m³

\(U =\sqrt{ \dfrac{52,000}{1.225 } } = 206.03 m/s\)

The volume flow rate, V = U × A

Where:

A = Cross sectional area of the of the inlet = 10 cm² = 0.001 m²

Therefore, V = 0.001 × 206.03 = 0.206 m³/s

The mass flow rate = ρ × V = 1.225 × 0.206 = 0.252 kg/s

2) The minimum outlet temperature

P₁v₁/T₁ = P₂v₂/T₂

v₁ = v₂

∴ P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

T₂ = P₂T₁/P₁ = 151.325*300/99.325 = 457.06 K

3) The isentropic efficiency no heat loss

h₁ = 300.4 kJ/kg

\(h_{(out \ actual)}\) = 401.3 kJ/kg

\(h_{(out \ isentropic)}\) = 441.9 + (457.06 - 440)/(460 - 440)*(462.3 - 441.9) = 459.30 kJ/kg

The isentropic efficiency, \(\eta _{S}\), is given by the expression;

\(\eta _{S} = \dfrac{h_{in} - h_{(out \ actual)}}{h_{in} -h_{(out \ isentropic)} } = \dfrac{300.4 - 401.3}{300.4 - 459.3} = 0.6345\)

Therefore, the isentropic efficiency, \(\eta _{S}\) in percentage = 63.45%

4) Where there is an heat loss of 30 kJ/kg, we have;

\(h_{(out \ actual \ new)}\)  = \(h_{(out \ actual)}\) - Heat loss = 401.3- 30 = 371.3 kJ/kg

The work done = (371.3 - 300.04)*0.252= 17.96 kJ/s

The new isentropic efficiency is given by the relation;

\(\eta _{S, new} =\dfrac{300.4 - 371.3}{300.4 - 459.3} = 0.4485\)

Therefore, the isentropic efficiency, \(\eta _{S, new}\), in percentage = 44.85%

Part 2

1) Turbine mass flow rate = 0.252 kg/s

From

T₂ = P₂T₁/P₁ = 101.325*800/151.325= 535.67 K

h₁ = 822.2 kJ/kg

\(h_{(out \ actual)}\) = 503.3 kJ/kg

\(h_{(out \ isentropic)}\) = 544.7 + (535.67 - 520)/(540 - 520)*(544.7 - 524.0) = 560.92 kJ/kg

The maximum work, \(W_{max}\), is given by the expression;

\(W_{max}\) = Mass flow rate×(h₁ - \(h_{(out \ actual)}\))

\(W_{max}\) = (822 - 503.3)*0.252 = 65.92 kJ/s

2) The heat lost, \(h_{loss}\), is given by the relation;

\(h_{loss}\) = \(h_{(out \ isentropic)}\)  - \(h_{(out \ actual)}\) = 560.92  - 503.3 = 57.62 kJ/kg.

The continuity equation allows finding the results for the speed and flow of the outlet pipe are:

Fluid mechanics studies the movement and fluid dynamics, it is described  by two fundamental relationships:

          \(P_1 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_1^2 + \rho g y_1 = P_2 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_2^2 + \rho g y_2\)  

Where P is the pressure, v the velocity, y the height, the subscripts are two selected points of interest in the pipe.

            \(A_1v_1 = A_2 v_2\)

Where A₁ and A₂ is the area of ​​the inlet and outlet pipes and v₁ and v₂ are the velocities of the fluid at the inlet and outlet

They indicate the inlet and outlet diameters of the pipe are d₁ = 0.02 m and d₂ = 0.1 m, the inlet velocity v₁ = 10 m / s, with the continuity equation let's find the outlet velocity

         \(v_2 = ( \frac{A_1}{A_2} )^2 \ v_1\)  

the cross section of the tavern is

        A = \(\pi r^2 = \pi \ d^2/4\)  

Where r is the radius and d is the diameter

Let's substitutes

        \(v_2 = (\frac{d_1}{d_2} )^2 \ v_1\)  

        \(v_2 = (\frac{0.02}{0.1} )^2 \ 10\)  

        v₂ = 0.4 m / s

The flow  (Q) is defined as the amount of liquid that passes through the section of the pipe per unit of time, we can see that this is the same conservation of mass, therefore

        Q = A v

        Q = \(\pi \frac{d_2^2}{4} \ v_2\)π d2 ^ 2 v2

        Q = \(\pi \ \frac{0.1^2}{4} \ 0.4\)

        Q = 3.14 10⁻³ m ^ 3 / s

As the transported liquid is water

         1 liter water = 1 kg

Consequently

         1 m³ = 1000 liter = 1000 kg of water

Let's reduce the flow

         Q = 3.14 10⁻³ m³/s ( \(\frac{10^3 kg}{1 m^3}\) )

         Q = 3.14 kg / s

In conclusion using the continuity equation we can find the results for the speed and flow of the outlet pipe are:

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Given that the amount of cash with you is RM21.35. You have to buy fruits with the prices of the individual numbers of your student ID.

We need to use VB objects to loop those prices (numbers from right to left order of your Student ID) with the given repetition statements. do-while loopi do-until loop do-loop while loop do-loop until loop. Hence, we need to create a VB.

Net project to determine the remaining balance cash in your pocket using the Windows Console App with the above-mentioned repetition statements. To do this we have to follow the below steps: Step 1: Create a new VB.Net project and save the project.

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The correct answer is a. the cost of system development. Ethical issues related to data and information systems include invasion of privacy through technology, job losses due to humanlike technologies, and freedom of expression vs. censorship.

However, the cost of system development does not fall under this category.

Ethical issues related to data and information systems are becoming increasingly important as technology advances and more data is collected and stored. The privacy of individuals is often at stake, and the potential for misuse of information is a serious concern. Additionally, job losses due to humanlike technologies can have serious economic consequences, while freedom of expression vs. censorship can have a major impact on society.

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Answer:

The torque at the end of the beam is 2.5 Nm

Explanation:

Given;

length of beam, r = 0.5 m

applied force, F = 5 N

The torque at the end of the beam is given by;

τ = F x r

where;

τ  is the torque

F is applied force

r is length of the beam

τ = 5 x 0.5

τ = 2.5 Nm

Therefore, the torque at the end of the beam is 2.5 Nm

High reflectivity and low emissivity should be characteristics of the radiator shields. The best material for radiation protection is lead metal.

The interaction of particles with matter through collisions and atom capture can be characterized as radiation shielding. In steel, a neutron with an energy of 1 Mev travels 4 cm on average between two impacts. Elements with a high atomic number and high density, like lead, provide the strongest protection against ionizing radiation, such as gamma rays. Very energetic beta particles can enter the body through the skin and travel up to half an inch. With less than an inch of material, such as plastic, they can be protected. The outer layer of clothing can function as an effective shield in the event of beta particles with lesser energy.

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Note that the outrigger must be placed on timbers or cribbed so as to spread the weight of the crane and the load over a large enough area.

An outrigger is a device that is used to provide stability and support for a structure or vehicle. It consists of a beam or frame that extends horizontally from the main body of the structure or vehicle, usually supported by one or more additional beams or poles that are attached to the ground or other surfaces.

An outrigger or double-hull watercraft produces stability owing to the distance between its hulls rather than the form of each individual hull, as opposed to a single-hulled vessel.

Outriggers are used for a number of purposes, including:

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Answer:

25 V, 50V, 75V respectively.

I hope it will be useful.

Answer:Size reduction

Cooling

Mixing

Explanation:

Answer:

"cool"

Explanation:

a. the content of substance X in the fish is approximately 104.91 g/kg, and the content of substance Y is approximately 174.14 g/kg. b. Regular monitoring and assessment of water quality and contamination levels are essential for ensuring the protection of ecosystems and safeguarding human health.

a. The content of substances X and Y in the fish can be calculated using a bioaccumulation model that takes into account uptake, elimination, metabolism, and dietary intake.

For substance X:

Uptake rate (k1) = 325 L/kg.day

Elimination rate (k2) = 0.3 per day

Metabolic constant (k3) = 0.005 per day

Uptake from food (k4) = 25 g/kg

Growth rate (k5) = 0.0024 per day

Using the bioaccumulation equation:

Content of X in fish = (Uptake rate * Concentration in water) / (Elimination rate + Metabolic constant + Uptake rate from food + Growth rate)

Substituting the given values:

Content of X in fish = (325 * 126) / (0.3 + 0.005 + 25 + 0.0024) = 104.91 g/kg

Similarly, for substance Y:

Uptake rate (k1) = 89 L/kg.day

Elimination rate (k2) = 0.05 per day

Metabolic constant (k3) = 0.001 per day

Uptake from food (k4) = 12 g/kg

Growth rate (k5) = 0.0024 per day

Content of Y in fish = (Uptake rate * Concentration in water) / (Elimination rate + Metabolic constant + Uptake rate from food + Growth rate)

Substituting the given values:

Content of Y in fish = (89 * 170) / (0.05 + 0.001 + 12 + 0.0024) = 174.14 g/kg

Therefore, under the given conditions, the content of substance X in the fish is approximately 104.91 g/kg, and the content of substance Y is approximately 174.14 g/kg.

b. Based on the calculated content of substances X and Y in the fish, it can be concluded that the fish have accumulated high levels of contamination. The maximum allowable chemical content in fish is 100 mg/kg, which is significantly lower than the observed levels of substances X and Y.

These conditions pose a significant risk to ecosystems and human health. High levels of contamination in fish can lead to bioaccumulation and biomagnification along the food chain, potentially affecting other organisms and ecosystems. Consuming contaminated fish can expose humans to harmful levels of substances X and Y, which may have adverse effects on health, including toxicological and physiological impacts.

Considering the high concentrations of substances X and Y in the fish and the potential for harm to ecosystems and human health, it is crucial to take appropriate measures to mitigate further contamination. This may involve implementing stricter regulations, improving water treatment and pollution control measures, and raising awareness about the potential risks associated with consuming contaminated fish. Regular monitoring and assessment of water quality and contamination levels are essential for ensuring the protection of ecosystems and safeguarding human health.

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Windmills convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy by utilizing wind turbine blades to capture the wind's energy and rotate a generator. The generator then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Windmills, or wind turbines, are designed to harness the power of the wind to generate electricity. The process begins with the wind striking the wind turbine blades. The shape and orientation of the blades are optimized to efficiently capture the kinetic energy of the wind. As the wind blows, it imparts force on the blades, causing them to rotate.

The rotating blades are connected to a generator, typically located at the top of the wind turbine tower. The generator consists of a rotor and a stator. The rotor is connected to the wind turbine blades and rotates along with them. Inside the generator, the rotating rotor creates a changing magnetic field.

The stator, which surrounds the rotor, contains a set of wire coils. As the magnetic field from the rotating rotor passes through the wire coils of the stator, it induces an electric current in the coils through electromagnetic induction. This current generation is what produces the electrical energy.

The electrical energy generated by the wind turbine's generator is typically in the form of alternating current (AC). It is then transmitted through power lines to homes, businesses, or the electrical grid, where it can be used to power various devices and appliances. Prior to transmission, the electrical energy may go through transformers to adjust the voltage level for efficient distribution.

In this way, windmills convert the kinetic energy of the wind into usable electrical energy, providing a clean and renewable source of power.

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The values of h at the two internal boundaries are :

Given data :

Z₁ = Z₂ = Z₃ = 25 m

h top = 120 m

h bottom = 100 m

K₁ = 0.0001 m/s

K₂ = 0.0005 m/s

K₃ = 0.0010 m/s

we will apply the formula below since flow is perpendicular to the bedding plane

Keq = \(\frac{Z1 + Z2 + Z3 }{\frac{Z1}{K1}+\frac{Z2}{K2} + \frac{Z3}{K3} }\)  ----- ( 1 )

Insert values given above into equation 1

Therefore ; Keq = 2.307 * 10⁻⁴ m/s

Hydraulic gradient ( Ieq ) = head loss / length

                                          = ( 120 - 100 ) / 3 * 25

                                   Ieq  = 0.266

Given that the flow is perpendicular to bedding plane

q1 = q2 = q3

V₁ = V₂ = V₃ = V

K₁i₁ = K₂i₂ = K₃i₃ = Keq * ieq

Hence :

V = Keq* Ieq

   = 2.307 * 10⁻⁴ * 0.266

   = 6.15 * 10⁻⁵ m/s .

Also;

K₁i₁ =  Keq * ieq = K₂i₂ = K₃i₃

therefore :

  i₁ = 0.615

  i₂ =  0.123

  i₃ = 0.0615

Pressure at point 1 ( i.e. pressure between first two formations )

h₁ = h top - i₁L₁

   = 120 - 0.615 * 25

   = 104.625 m

Pressure at point 2 ( i.e. pressure between the 2nd and 3rd formation )

h₂ = h₁ - i₂L₂

    = 104.625 - 0.123 * 25

    = 101.55 m

Therefore we can conclude that The values of h at the two internal boundaries are :  h₁ = 104.625 m , h₂ = 101.55 m

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

James’s fixed cost is AUD 73,000 and average fixed cost is AUD 1.3036 per liter. James’s variable cost is AUD 40,000 per month and average variable cost is AUD 0.7143 per liter . There will be no accounting profit and economic profit for the month of January instead there will be loss.

James's fixed costs consist of the rental earnings from his premises, which is AUD 3,000 per month, the cost of the milk truck (AUD 40,000), milk stainless cans (AUD 20,000), and milk cooler (AUD 10,000). Therefore, the total fixed cost is AUD 3,000 + AUD 40,000 + AUD 20,000 + AUD 10,000 = AUD 73,000. The average fixed cost can be calculated by dividing the total fixed cost by the quantity of milk produced per month. In this case, the average fixed cost would be AUD 73,000 / 56,000 liters = AUD 1.3036 per liter.

The variable cost is represented by the expenditure on 2-litre milk packs, which is given as AUD 40,000 per month. The average variable cost can be calculated by dividing the variable cost by the quantity of milk produced per month. In this case, the average variable cost would be AUD 40,000 / 56,000 liters = AUD 0.7143 per liter.

To calculate James's accounting profit for January, the revenue from milk sales needs to be determined. Assuming the price of milk is AUD 2 per liter, the revenue can be calculated by multiplying the quantity of milk produced (56,000 liters) by the selling price (AUD 2). Therefore, the revenue for January would be AUD 2 * 56,000 liters = AUD 112,000.

James's accounting profit can be calculated by subtracting the total cost (fixed cost + variable cost) from the revenue. In this case, the accounting profit would be AUD 112,000 - (AUD 73,000 + AUD 40,000) = AUD -1,000.

To calculate James's economic profit, the opportunity cost of using his own premises needs to be considered. Since James was earning AUD 3,000 per month from rental, this amount needs to be deducted from the fixed cost. Therefore, the economic profit would be AUD -1,000 - AUD 3,000 = AUD -4,000.

Overall, James's accounting profit for January is AUD -1,000, and his economic profit is AUD -4,000. These figures indicate that the business is incurring losses for the month of January.

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For some metal alloy, a true stress of 345 MPa (50040 psi) produces a plastic true strain of 0.02.

We are supposed to calculate how much will a specimen of this material elongate when a true stress of 416 MPa (60340 psi) is applied if the original length is 500 mm (19.69 in.)Let's first start with calculating the value of K (Constant):K = Stress/ Strain K = 345/0.02K = 17250MpaFor any other value of stress.

we can use the value of K and the formula: Stress = K * Strain By substituting the value of stress and K in the formula, we get;416 = 17250 * Strain Strain = 0.0241The change in length can be calculated by using the formula: Change in length = original length * Strain Change in length = 500 * 0.0241Change in length = 12.05 mm Therefore.

the specimen will elongate by 12.05 mm when a true stress of 416 MPa is applied if the original length is 500 mm.

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