describe 2 physical and 2 chemical changes involved in cooking


Please answer quick!!!

The reaction is at equilibrium. Option C

The term equilibrium constant refers to a value that shows the extent to which reactants are converted into products in the reaction.

We know that;

∆G =∆G'° + RT In Keq

∆G'°  = −4.40 kJ/mol

R = 8.314 J/K/mol

T = 25 + 273 = 298 K

Thus;

∆G = −4.40 * 10^3 + (8.314 *  298  * ln[2.90 * 10^-3/0.490  * 10^-3]

∆G =  −4.40 * 10^3 + 4.40 * 10^3

∆G = 0

Hence, the reaction is at equilibrium.

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1) Consider the following metabolic reaction:

2-Phosphoglycerate ® 3-Phosphoglycerate DG°' = −4.40 kJ/mol

What can be said about this reaction when the concentration of 2-phosphoglycerate is 0.490 mM and the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate is 2.90 mM at 25°C?

I. This reaction is endergonic under these conditions.

II. This reaction is exergonic under these conditions.

III. This reaction is at equilibrium under these conditions.

IV. This reaction is not favorable under standard conditions.

A) I, IV

B) II only

C) III only

D) IV only

E) None of the above

2) Consider the following metabolic reaction:

Among the given options, R-12 has the lowest boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure. Its boiling point is -29.8°C, which makes it highly effective for refrigeration purposes. R-22 has a boiling point of -40.8°C, while R-134a has a boiling point of -26.1°C. R-502, on the other hand, is a blend of two refrigerants and has a boiling point of -45.4°C.

It is essential to note that boiling temperatures of refrigerants play a vital role in their performance as cooling agent. A lower boiling temperature allows the refrigerant to absorb heat more efficiently, thereby cooling the surrounding environment. However, the selection of a refrigerant depends on various factors such as environmental impact, efficiency, cost, and safety. Therefore, it is crucial to consider all these aspects before choosing a refrigerant for any refrigeration system.

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Answer: I believe it’s c

Explanation:

Because during fission the atom often splits into 2+

I think the answer is einsteinium is the heavier one here.

The list from first to last for the samples reaching 90 degrees Celsius has been Ag, Zn, Fe, Al. Thus, option B is correct.

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree Celsius has been given by specific heat of that substance.

Thus, specific heat has been the measure of heat required for raising temperature. The substance with higher specific heat requires higher amount of heat and more time to reach the required temperature.

The mass of all the given substances has been the same. Thus, the specific heat has been the measure of the heat required by the substances to reach 90 degree Celsius.

The specific heat of the following elements has been:

\(\rm Al=0.897\;J/g^\circ C\\Ag=0.234\;J/g^\circ C\\Fe=0.450\;J/g^\circ C\\Zn=0.387\;J/g^\circ C\\\)

The increasing order of specific heat has been:

Ag < Zn < Fe < Al

Thus, the list from first to last for the samples reaching 90 degrees Celsius has been Ag, Zn, Fe, Al. Thus, option B is correct.

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Answer:

moles=Mass/Molar Mass

Here we have the mass and we can get the molar mass from the periodic table (Na=23, Cl=35.5) So

moles=50/(23+35.5)=0.855

Hope it helps

Answer:

0.33 moles

Explanation:

to find the number of moles,

moles = number of atoms / avogadro's number ie 6.02 x \(10^{23}\)

moles = 2.0 x \(10^{23}\) / 6.02 x \(10^{23}\)

moles = 0.33 mol

If the pressure remains constant, the new volume of the gas confined in the balloon is 0.85 L.

Charles's law states that "the volume occupied by a definite quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

It is expressed as;

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Given that;

V1 = 0.84L

V2 = ?

T1 = 28.2°C = 28.2 + 273.15 = 301.35K

T2 = 30.2°C = 30.2 + 273.15 = 303.35K

We can rearrange this equation to solve for V2:

V2 = (V1 × T2) / T1

Substituting the given values:

V2 = ( 0.84L × 303.35K ) / 301.35K

V2 = 0.84557L

V2 = 0.85 L (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 0.85 L.

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Answer:

Riders - The riders are the sliding pointers placed on top of the balance beams to indicate the mass in grams on the pan and beam. Zero adjustment knob - This is used to manually adjust the triple beam balance to the 'zero' mark (check to ensure that the pointer is at zero before use).

Explanation:

Hope this helps yah:)

Answer:

It is a metal

Explanation:

One of the properties of metals is that metals are malleable. What we mean by malleability is that the metal can be hammered into sheets that can be used for different applications.

Also, metals can react with chlorine when heated to yield diverse halides. This is true of most metal elements.

On moving from places of high elevation to a place of low elevation, the atmospheric pressure increases as the amount of air over unit area increases.

Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.

There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .

It is a scalar quantity which is related to the vector area element with a normal force acting on it.It is distributed over solid boundaries and across arbitary sections of fluid normal to the boundaries at every point.

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Molality is defined as the "moles solute/kg solvent." Therefore, the correct option is (b).

What is Molality?

Molality (m) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, and is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

The equation for molality is:

m = moles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

Concentration is the ability to focus one's attention and mental effort on a specific task or activity. It involves filtering out distractions and staying attentive to the task at hand. The level of concentration can vary depending on the person, the task, and the environment.

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Earth's history has had a significant impact on the distribution of natural resources. Geological processes that have occurred over millions of years, such as plate tectonics, erosion, and sedimentation, have shaped the formation and distribution of various resources across the planet.

The movement of Earth's tectonic plates has created and destroyed landmasses, resulting in the formation of different types of geological deposits. For example, the collision of plates can lead to the formation of mountain ranges, which can contain valuable mineral deposits like gold, copper, and coal. The movement of plates can also create rift zones where valuable minerals like oil and gas can accumulate.

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Answer:

They need to use energy from other tress to survive so that they can do basic functions, like absorbing nutrients from the ground, and growing back leaves. They don't have chlorophyll, so they need that energy to do the functions I mentioned above.

Explanation: Hope this helps!

Answer:

Trees need chlorophyll to make energy. Because albino trees don’t have chlorophyll, they can’t create their own energy. So, they must take energy from other trees to survive.

Explanation:

Recovery = (Weight of product recovered ÷ Theoretical yield) × 100% Recovery = (0.251 g ÷ 0.27594 g) × 100% Recovery = 91.08%Therefore, the % recovery of the reaction between 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and maleic anhydride to form cyclic anhydride was 91.08%.

Diels-Alder Reaction   Diels-Alder reaction is a chemical process that joins a conjugated diene with a dienophile (a compound containing a double bond) to form a six-membered ring called a cyclohexene ring. It is a chemical reaction that can be used to make new carbon–carbon bonds. The reaction was discovered by two German scientists, Otto Diels and Kurt Alder, in 1928.In the Diels-Alder reaction between 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and maleic anhydride to form cyclic anhydride, the % recovery was calculated using the following data:Weight of maleic anhydride used: 185 mg = 0.185 gVolume of diene used: 0.215 mLWeight of cyclic anhydride crystals recovered: 0.251 g% Recovery:We can calculate the percent recovery using the following formula:% Recovery = (Weight of product recovered ÷ Theoretical yield) × 100The theoretical yield of the product can be calculated from the balanced chemical equation as follows:2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene + Maleic Anhydride → Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic AnhydrideThe molar mass of 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene is 68 g/mol. The molar mass of Maleic Anhydride is 98 g/mol. The molar mass of Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic Anhydride is 146 g/mol.Using these values, we can calculate the number of moles of each reactant: moles of diene used = (0.215 mL)(0.788 g/mL)/(68 g/mol) = 0.00248 mol moles of maleic anhydride used = 0.185 g/98 g/mol = 0.00189 mol The theoretical yield of cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride = 0.00189 mol × 1 mol/1 mol = 0.00189 molThe theoretical yield of cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride = 0.00189 mol × 146 g/mol = 0.27594 gNow, we can substitute these values into the percent recovery equation:% Recovery = (Weight of product recovered ÷ Theoretical yield) × 100% Recovery = (0.251 g ÷ 0.27594 g) × 100% Recovery = 91.08%Therefore, the % recovery of the reaction between 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and maleic anhydride to form cyclic anhydride was 91.08%.

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A glacier moving a boulder is an example of  erosion.

There are two basic ways that glaciers generate erosion: pulling and abrasion. A glacier picks up boulders and other sediments through the process of plucking. They sink to the glacier's base and are swept away by the moving ice. A glacier scrapes the underlying rock through the process of abrasion.

The process of a glacier scraping underlying rock is called abrasion. A glacier's sides and bottom include silt and boulders that have been frozen in the ice and function as sandpaper. They destroy the rock. They might also leave dings and grooves that indicate the glacier's motion.

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About 0.25 liters of 6.0 m solutions of HCl should be added to create 2.0 liters of a 0.75 m HCl solution.

Lowering a solute's concentration in a solution is the process of dilution. It entails adding significantly additional water or solvent to the solution. When more solvent is added to a solution without extra solute, the solution gets diluted.

The dilution formula is  M₁V₁=M₂V₂. Here, M₁ is the initial molarity, M₂ is the final molarity, V₁ is the initial volume, and V₂ is the final volume.

Given, M₁ is 6.0 M, M₂ is 0.75 M, and V₂ is 2.0 L. We have to find V₁.

\(\begin{aligned}V_1&=\frac{M_2V_2}{M_1}\\&=\frac{0.75\times2}{6}\\&=\mathrm{0.25\; L}\end{aligned}\)

The answer is 0.25 L.

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The Balanced chemical equation for above reaction will be :

\( \small{ \mathrm{3NaBr + H_3PO_4 \rightarrow Na_3PO_4 + 3HBr}}\)

The Coefficients will be :

So, Correct option is :

A. 3, 1, 1, 3

_____________________________

\(\mathrm{ \#TeeNForeveR}\)

The soft ionization technique that uses a UV-absorbing compound upon which the analyte of interest is placed and eventually vaporized into a plume of ions directed into the mass analyzer is matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization.

Soft Ionizer produces less fragment ions. Soft ionizer produce the molecular ions or a quasi molecular ion. This technique not fragment the macromolecules into the more smaller charged particles.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The soft ionization technique that uses a UV-absorbing compound upon which the analyte of interest is placed and eventually vaporized into a plume of ions directed into the mass analyzer is matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization.

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The correct answer is D.

A strong base is a substance that completely dissociates into its ions in water, producing a high concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-). Similarly, a weak base is a substance that only partially dissociates into its ions in water, producing a low concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-).

The term that completes the analogy is "Weak electrolyte", which is a substance that only partially dissociates into its ions in water and conducts electricity poorly. A strong electrolyte, on the other hand, is a substance that completely dissociates into its ions in water and conducts electricity well.

Therefore, the analogy can be completed as follows:

"Strong base is to weak base as strong electrolyte is to weak electrolyte."

I hope it helped you :)

Solids, liquids, and gases differ in terms of packaging of the atoms in its constituent atomic level.

Solids, liquids, and gases are the three main states of matter. They differ in the way their atoms or molecules are arranged and how they interact with one another. Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. The atoms or molecules in a solid are tightly packed together and are not free to move around. Solids also have a low compressibility and a high density. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of their container. The atoms or molecules in a liquid are close together but are free to move around. Liquids have a low compressibility and a lower density than solids. Gases have no definite shape or volume. They expand to fill their container. The atoms or molecules in a gas are widely spaced and are free to move around. Gases have a high compressibility and a low density. Examples of gases include air, oxygen, and natural gas. In summary, Solids have a fixed shape and volume, liquids take the shape of their container, have a definite volume and gases have no fixed shape or volume and expand to fill their container.

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Answer:

1. Cerium

2. Iodine

3. Potassium

4. Lead

5. Boron

6. Calcium

7. Krypton

8. Einsteinium

Explanation:

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Concentrations of O₂ and CO₂ in inhaled air compare with exhaled air when inhaled will have more oxygen and less carbon dioxide and when exhaled air have more carbon dioxide and less oxygen

Respiration is the act of respiring inhalation and exhalation of air and also called breathing and respiration also described as human take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and this oxygen that is taken in by the cells is used for carrying various functions in the cell and is also used for deriving energy from the food and inhaled air is the oxygen rich and this air is important for the requirement of energy and exhaled air is the air that breath out which is waste air carbon dioxide which is not require for the body

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The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is responsible for regulating the transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells.

During normal cellular activity, the following molecules and cellular components can pass through the nuclear pore:

mRNA (messenger RNA): mRNA molecules are responsible for carrying genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where they serve as templates for protein synthesis.

Ribosomal subunits: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. The small and large ribosomal subunits are synthesized in the nucleolus within the nucleus and are exported to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore, where they assemble to form functional ribosomes.

Nucleosomes: Nucleosomes are structural units of chromatin, composed of DNA wrapped around histone proteins. While individual nucleosomes may not pass through the nuclear pore intact, the components of nucleosomes, such as DNA and histones, can traverse the pore separately.

Therefore, the molecules and cellular components that pass through the nuclear pore during normal cellular activity are mRNA, ribosomal subunits, and the components of nucleosomes (such as DNA and histones).

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The best solvent for CH3OH (methanol) would be water (H2O) since methanol is highly soluble in water due to its similar polarity.

Methanol (CH3OH) is a polar molecule with a hydroxyl group (-OH) that can participate in hydrogen bonding. When choosing a solvent for CH3OH, the best option would be a polar solvent that can interact with the hydroxyl group and facilitate solubility. Among the given options, water (H2O) is the most suitable solvent for methanol. Water is a highly polar solvent with a strong ability to form hydrogen bonds, making it an excellent choice for dissolving polar substances like methanol. The other solvents listed, such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), hexane (C6H14), and benzene (C6H6), are nonpolar solvents and would not provide the necessary interactions to dissolve methanol effectively. Therefore, the best solvent for CH3OH is water (H2O).

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Answer:

62 L

Explanation:

We are given that:

n = 2.3 mol

R = 0.082 L*atm/(mol*K), the ideal gas constant in the required units

T = 290 K

P = 0.89 atm.

therefor:

V = nRT/P

= [(2.3 mol)(0.082 L*atm)(290 K)/(mol*K)]/(0.89 atm)

= 62 L

The volume of 2.3 mol CL2 will be 62 L.

A three-dimensional element's area of coverage. The measurement of volume is done in cubic units. Decibels are a unit of measurement for the volume of sound.

Calculation of volume.

Volume can be determined by using the formula.

PV = nRT

where, P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles, R = gas constant and T = temperature,

It is given that, n = 2.3 mol, T = 290 K and P = 0.89 atm.

Put the value of given data in volume equation,

V = n RT/ P

V = 2.3 mol × 0.082 × 290 /0.89

V = 62 L.

Therefore, the volume will be 62 L.

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The mole fraction of \(CH_3OH\)in the solution is 0.850 or 85.0%.

To calculate the mole fraction (Χ) of methanol (CH3OH) in the given solution, we need to determine the number of moles of CH3OH and the number of moles of \(C_6H_5COOH\)(benzoic acid) in the solution.

First, we can calculate the number of moles of CH3OH using its volume and density:

Mass of CH3OH = Volume x Density = 8.50 mL x 0.792 g/mL = 6.732 g

Number of moles of CH3OH = Mass / Molar mass = 6.732 g / 32.04 g/mol = 0.210 mol

Next, we can calculate the number of moles of \(C_6H_5COOH\)using its mass and molar mass:

Number of moles of C6H5COOH = Mass / Molar mass = 4.53 g / 122.12 g/mol = 0.0371 mol

The total number of moles of solute in the solution is the sum of the moles of CH3OH and C6H5COOH:

Total number of moles = 0.210 mol + 0.0371 mol = 0.247 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mole fraction of \(CH_3OH\)using its number of moles and the total number of moles:

Mole fraction of \(CH_3OH\)= Number of moles of \(CH_3OH\)/ Total number of moles = 0.210 mol / 0.247 mol = 0.850

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