discuss the observation of the three test tubes in the uv lamp (fluorescence experiment). explain and discuss the different colors you observed in the test tubes. explain the color you saw in each test tube?

Answer:

base substitutions-causes sickle-cell disease

deletions- causes deletion syndrome, cystic fibrosis, Turner syndrome, and Williams syndrome

insertions-it can cause all amino acids in the chain after that point to be different. This results in an entirely different protein than the desired one.

Explanation:

Answer:

There are five main symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism, predation, parasitism, and competition. To explore these relationships, let's consider a natural ecosystem such as the ocean. Oceanic environments are known for their species diversity

Explanation:

Answer:

Mutualism - An interaction between two organisms in which both organisms benefit from.

Commensalism - An interaction between two organism in which one organism benefits from and the other organism neither benefits nor gets harmed.

Parasitism - An interaction between a parasite and an organism. In this interaction the parasite lives inside of the organism and causes potential harm to the host

Mimicry - imitation of another organism for survival

Explanation:

First lets define symbiosis

Symbiosis : Interaction between two organisms predominantly to benefit one or both of the organism

Now lets find the 4 types of symbiosis

The four major symbiotic relationships include mutualism, commensalism,  mimicry and parasitism

Now lets describe/define each symbiotic relationship

Mutualism - An interaction between two organisms in which both organisms benefit from.

An example would be sharks and remora fish. Remora fish keep the water fairly clear of scraps around the shark which prevents the development of unhealthy organisms resulting in a healthy shark. In return remoras receives a fairly convenient food source and they receive protection.

Commensalism - An interaction between two organism in which one organism benefits from and the other organism neither benefits nor gets harmed.

An example would be frogs and plants. Frogs use plants for protection and the plants way of life does not change in any way

Parasitism - An interaction between a parasite and an organism. In this interaction the parasite lives inside of the organism and causes potential harm

An example would be fleas and dogs. Fleas live off of the blood in the organism (the dog in this case). Consequently the dog experiences hair loss, scratching, and irritated skin.

Mimicry - can be found on this question https://brainly.com/question/22868839

Answer:

The correct answer is - undergo self-digestion and die.

Explanation:

Lysosomes are cell organelle that is membrane-bound and has digestive enzymes in them. These cell organelle help in digesting cells that are worn out, ruptured cells deprived of oxygen by bursting themselves.

Its bursting nature also helps in digesting and killing antigens and microbes. It is a very essential cell organelle that helps in digesting and killing damage cell parts or cells.

When a cell is deprived of oxygen, its lysosomes tend to burst and release their contents into the cell, the cell will undergo self-digestion and die.

Explanation:

So, from this we can conclude that when a cell is deprived of oxygen, its lysosomes tend to burst and release their contents into the cell, the cell will undergo self-digestion and die.

learn more about lysosomes here:

brainly.com/question/11901505?referrer=searchResults

brainly.com/question/11173748?referrer=searchResults

Answer:

Explanation:

Mental likely performed a genetic cross between pea plants with different colored seeds to test his hypothesis that the color of the seed of a pea plant affects seed shape. This is a classic example of Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments, which laid the foundation for the science of genetics.

Mendel selected two pure-breeding pea plants that had different seed colors, one with yellow seeds and the other with green seeds. He then performed a cross between these two plants, where he carefully controlled the pollination process to ensure that each plant was only fertilized by the other. He then recorded the traits of the offspring, including the color and shape of the seeds.

By analyzing the offspring and comparing their traits to those of the parents, Mendel was able to determine if there was a relationship between seed color and seed shape. He found that the offspring all had yellow seeds, indicating that the gene for seed color was dominant, and that the gene for seed shape was not influenced by the gene for seed color.

Mendel's experiments with pea plants showed that the traits of an organism are determined by its genes, and that these genes are passed from generation to generation in a predictable way. His work provided the basis for the laws of inheritance, which are still widely used today to understand the transmission of traits from parent to offspring.

Psoriasis is the name for the chronic skin condition described, in which cells in the epidermis divide seven times more frequently than usual, leading to the development of bright red patches coated in silvery scales.

An overactive immune system causes a fast skin cell turnover in the autoimmune disease psoriasis. The formation of thickened skin patches is caused by the accelerated rate of cell division, which is frequently accompanied by itchiness, pain, and inflammation. The head, elbows, knees, and lower back are just a few areas of the body where these plaque-like patches can develop. Even though psoriasis is a chronic disorder that fluctuates between flare-ups and remissions, it is treatable with medication and dietary changes.

learn more about chronic skin here:

https://brainly.com/question/31926366

#SPJ11

Answer:

To absorb water and minerals.

The probability of the baby sponge being homozygous recessive blue (ss) is 1/4 or 25%.

The Punnett square for this scenario is given below

     Y   y

---|--------

S  | Yy  Yy

s  | ys  ys

In this Punnett square, the capital Y represents the dominant allele for yellow body color, and the lowercase s represents the recessive allele for blue body color.

SpongeBob is heterozygous for yellow body color, meaning he carries one dominant Y allele and one recessive s allele. SpongeSusie is homozygous recessive for blue body color, meaning she has two copies of the recessive s allele.

To determine the chances of the baby sponge being blue, we need to look at the possible combinations of alleles that the offspring could inherit from each parent. There are four possible combinations:

YY (yellow body color)

Ys (yellow body color)

sY (yellow body color)

ss (blue body color)

The probability of each combination occurring is:

YY: 1/2 (50% chance of inheriting a Y allele from each parent)

Ys: 1/2 (50% chance of inheriting a Y allele from SpongeBob and an s allele from SpongeSusie)

sY: 1/2 (50% chance of inheriting an s allele from SpongeBob and a Y allele from SpongeSusie)

ss: 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4 (50% chance of inheriting an s allele from each parent)

Learn more about recessive traits at: https://brainly.com/question/20639307

#SPJ1

A mutation that reduced uracil formation would affect DNA replication in the following way: DNA synthesis depends on the synthesis of a short strand of RNA primer, thus DNA synthesis would be negatively impacted. The correct option is E.

This is because uracil is found in RNA, not DNA, but it still plays an important role in DNA replication. During the process, a short RNA primer containing uracil is synthesized to provide a starting point for DNA synthesis.

If uracil formation is reduced, this RNA primer synthesis could be impaired, leading to difficulties in initiating DNA replication. As a result, DNA synthesis would be negatively impacted, potentially causing errors and disruptions in the replication process. The correct option is E.

To know more about mutation , refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/29526302#

#SPJ11

Answer:

B: new species

Explanation:

These are mutations to the genetic code and over time they can create a new species.

Answer:

B. new species

Explanation:

Small changes can add up over multiple generations to make new species.

Answer:

Without trees the greenhouse gases will affect our health and it will also decrease the amount of oxygen. With deforestation there will be less trees which means less oxygen as well as no shade for when we go hiking, and it will get rid of animal habitats.

Explanation:

According to the theory of endosymbiosis, which proposes the origin of eukaryotic cells, the order of events would be as follows:

Large and small prokaryotes existed together: Initially, there were small prokaryotic cells and larger prokaryotic cells living independently in the same environment.

Large prokaryotes engulfed by smaller prokaryotes: A smaller prokaryotic cell, possibly an ancestor of the host cell, engulfed a larger prokaryotic cell, possibly an ancestor of the mitochondria or chloroplast.

Both varieties of prokaryotes begin living symbiotically: Rather than being digested, the larger prokaryotic cell survives within the cytoplasm of the smaller cell.

Mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from prokaryotes: Through continued symbiotic interactions and coevolution.

The engulfed prokaryotic cells eventually transformed into specialized organelles within the host eukaryotic cell.

Thus,  the theory of endosymbiosis provides a plausible explanation for the origin of certain organelles within eukaryotic cells.

Know more about endosymbiosis:

https://brainly.com/question/28902009

#SPJ1

Answer:

answer is part (c) and (d)

Explanation:

c. it absorbs carbon dioxide

d. it absorbs heat

The oceans of the earth play important roles in reducing the effects of climate change in the following way:

How does the ocean reduce the effect of climate change?

An ocean is a large body of water which covers most of the earth

The oceans of the earth play important roles in reducing the effects of climate change.

The ocean absorbs a large amount of heat due to the hight heat capacity of water.

The oceans also absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it as minerals.

This helps to reduce the effect of climate change.

Therefore, the oceans of the earth play important roles in reducing the effects of climate change in the following way:

Learn more about oceans and climate change at: https://brainly.com/question/10596153

Vertebrae have a central opening, called vertebral foramen, that form the spinal canal and contain the spinal cord.

Answer:

The ratios of hydrogen and helium in the universe match those of the early universe.

Explanation:

The backbone of DNA and RNA is composed of sugar phosphate. DNA is double-stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are nucleotide bases. Uracil is a pyrimidine nucleotide base.

DNA is the hereditary material of humans and almost all organisms. It carries genetic information. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA is ribonucleic acid. DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded. Both DNA and RNA are protein derivatives. The base is formed of sugar phosphates. Both these carry nucleotide bases on them. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymidine, etc are examples of nucleotide bases. Among that adenine and guanine are purines. Cytosil Uracil and thymidine are pyrimidines.

For more details on purines and pyrimidines, see this question.

brainly.com/question/30824839

Sacral neuromodulation involves the implantation of a device that sends electrical impulses to the sacral nerves, leading to improved bladder control. OnabotulinumtoxinA, on the other hand, is injected into the bladder muscle to temporarily paralyze it and reduce involuntary contractions.

Sacral Neuromodulation : A device that provides electrical impulses to the sacral nerves, which control the bladder's function, is implanted during SNM. The purpose of this therapy is to reduce aberrant nerve signals and enhance bladder control. In patients with refractory UUI, SNM has been proven to be useful in lowering urgency, frequency, and incontinence episodes. Following SNM therapy, clinical studies have shown considerable improvements in symptom severity and quality of life, with long-term success rates of between 60% and 80% after several years of follow up.

OnabotulinumtoxinA : A neurotoxin called onabotulinumtoxinA is injected into the bladder muscle to temporarily paralyze it and stop involuntary contractions. It can offer people with refractory UUI considerable relief. Botox injections have been shown in clinical studies to considerably reduce incontinence episodes and enhance quality of life. Botox injections do not, however, have a permanent effect, and subsequent shots are often needed every 6 to 12 months.

Learn more on neurotoxins here https://brainly.com/question/20373629

#SPJ4

Explanation:

In a fat molecule, the fatty acids are attached to each of the three carbons of the glycerol molecule with an ester bond through the oxygen atom. During the ester bond formation, three molecules are released. Since fats consist of three fatty acids and a glycerol, they are also called triacylglycerols or triglycerides.

Tropical oils such as coconut oil and palm oil are rich in saturated fat.

These content-loaded tropical oils have a higher proportion of saturated fat compared to other types of fats, which contributes to their unique properties and health effects. Tropical oils are used especially in commercially prepared baked goods, snack products, and confections. Saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds. A fat known as a glyceride is made of two kinds of smaller molecules: a short glycerol backbone and fatty acids that each contain a long linear or branched chain of carbon atoms. Animal fats are saturated, while plant and fish fats are unsaturated. Although most saturated fatty acids have a chain of 12-24 carbons, many short fatty acid chains with 4 to 6 carbons are also found.

Learn more about saturated fats: https://brainly.com/question/21727368
#SPJ11

Culture has a significant impact on biology, including the ways in which people interact with one another, their lifestyles, and the foods they eat. Culture, in general, is a term that encompasses all human behavior patterns and social norms, which include things like language, traditions, beliefs, and customs.

culture molds or defines biology:

One of the keyways that culture molds or defines biology is through dietary practices and patterns. For example, many cultures have specific dietary guidelines and restrictions that are followed to ensure good health. In India, for example, vegetarianism is very common due to religious beliefs. Another example is the Japanese culture that places a strong emphasis on consuming fresh and minimally processed foods like fish, vegetables, and rice. These dietary practices have a profound impact on biology, including physical growth and development, cognitive function, and overall health and well-being. Another way culture molds biology is through behavior and lifestyle choices. For instance, in many Western cultures, it is common to sit for extended periods, which can lead to issues such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. In contrast, in many African and Asian cultures, individuals tend to be more active and engage in more physical labor, which can contribute to better overall health and lower disease rates. Other examples of culture affecting biology include reproductive behavior, attitudes towards mental health, and the use of natural remedies and medicines.

know more about biology.

https://brainly.com/question/28405832

#SPJ11

Answer:

we can determine the velocity of a wave when given the frequency along with the wavelength.

Explanation:

velocity = frequency × its wavelength

Answer:

b) secondary consumers.  This is because they are at the top of the food chain

please give brainliest! :)  

I hope this helped

Answer: The two species share similar morphology or character traits.

Explanation: Traits may be similar, but they could be analogous and only similar due to convergent evolution. Also, I just took a quiz with this question and got it right.

Answer:  Over time, it will most likely remain bare, paved-land indefinitely

Explanation: it will remain bare because no one is going to be there to take care of it

Answer:

4

Explanation:

ecological succession is the growth and change over a period of time that will happen in the parking lot if left abandoned.    

Genetic translation occurs in ribosomes located in the cytoplasm of the cell.

To execute biological protein synthesis, ribosomes, also known as Palade granules (after their discoverer George Palade and because of their granular structure), are macromolecular machinery that are present in all cells (mRNA translation). To create polypeptide chains, ribosomes combine amino acids in the order dictated by the codons of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.

The short and big ribosomal subunits are the two main parts of ribosomes. Each subunit is made up of numerous ribosomal proteins and one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules (RPs or r-proteins). The translational apparatus also refers to the ribosomes and related components.

Learn more about Ribosome with the help of the given link:

https://brainly.com/question/17440508

#SPJ4



Until equilibrium is reached or all of the substrate has been eaten, the amount of product will continue to increase.

It is possible to identify enzyme catalysis by measuring the appearance of the product or the disappearance of the reactants. The same reactants may be used in a reaction, but a different catalyst may produce different results.

The more the temperature rises, the more crashes occur. As a reactant's concentration rises, the likelihood of reactant collisions increases as well, accelerating the rate of the reaction.

To know more about  buffered solution visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/24262133

#SPJ4

Answer:

Long Bones.

Explanation:

Hope this helped :).

The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as Long bones.

Thus, Long bones are tough, dense bones that offer stability, movement, and strength. The femur, or thigh bone, is a long bone. A long bone has two ends and a shaft.

Despite their small lengths, some of the fingers' bones are categorized as long bones. Not the size of the bones, but their shape is to blame for this. Red and yellow bone marrow, which are found in long bones, are responsible for producing blood cells.

Long bones are tough, dense bones that offer stability, movement, and strength. The femur, or thigh bone, is a long bone. A long bone has two ends and a shaft.

Despite their small lengths, some of the fingers' bones are categorized as long bones. Not the size of the bones, but their shape is to blame for this.

Thus, The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as Long bones.

Learn more about Long bones, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/32111422

#SPJ6

A chromosome is made up of two chromatids.

One of the two identical chromosomal structures that have formerly experienced replication is called a chromatid. A chromosome with two chromatids is appertained to as Making sure that each of the two new cells receives a complete, accurate dupe of the inheritable material is one of a cell's crucial tasks when it divides. Cells that are sick or imperfect can affect from crimes made during copying or an uneven division of the inheritable material between cells. The DNA of a cell is housed in chromosomes. In the primary stage of cell division, the DNA of the cell is duplicated( interphase). At least one chromosome is duplicated during meiosis and mitosis. The DNA set up in the chromosomes is extremely compressed.

To know more about chromosome please check the following link

https://brainly.com/question/6852816

#SPJ4

A chromosome is made up of two chromatids.

A chromatid is one of the two identical chromosomal structures that have previously undergone replication. Two chromatids on a chromosome are referred to as One of a cell's key jobs during division is to ensure that each of the two new cells receives a full, correct copy of the inheritable material. Incorrect distribution of the inheritable material across cells or crimes committed while copying can both result in sick or flawed cells. Chromosomes hold the DNA of a cell. The DNA of the cell is replicated during the initial stage of cell division ( interphase). Meiosis and mitosis both result in the duplication of at least one chromosome. The way that DNA is organized in chromosomes is quite compacted.

To learn more about chromosome click here:

brainly.com/question/6852816

#SPJ4

Answer:

Change in average temperature of a region

Explanation:

This answer is the only long-term environmental change