During glycolysis glucose is split into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules this occurs in the cytoplasm this process is called glycolytic pathway
The process of metabolizing glucose is known as glycolysis. You can have glycolysis with or without oxygen. Two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of water are produced during glycolysis. The cytoplasm is the location of glycolysis. The breakdown of sugar involves 10 enzymes Normally, phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvic acid in the final stage of glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyses the transformation of phosphoenol pyruvate into two molecules of enol pyruvate or pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid, which has three carbons in its structure, is the result of glycolysis
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A group of researchers transformed E. coli to express
dsRNA that matched a transcription factor, eaf-1. They
then fed these E. coli to C. elegans worms. When the
researchers examined the C. elegans, they found that
they had fewer offspring and were smaller individuals,
with similar characteristics to C. elegans in which eaf-1
had been knocked out.
The students suggested several hypotheses based on
these observations about how RNAi worked:
1. The dsRNA inhibited gene transcription.
2. The dsRNA inhibited mRNA processing.
3. The dsRNA inhibited translation of mRNA into protein.
4. The dsRNA inhibited protein folding.
Mark this and return
The researchers then performed a series of experiments
to determine which hypothesis was correct. The C.
elegans were found to be transcribing eaf-1 into mRNA,
but not producing eaf-1 protein. When the students
directly injected C. elegans with dsRNA and tracked
tagged mRNA, they found the mature mRNA was
degraded in the cytoplasm, and ribosomes were not
binding to it. Which hypothesis is supported by these
observations?
The hypothesis that is supported by these observations is that the dsRNA inhibited the translation of mRNA into protein (third option).
What does the experiment reveal about dsRNA?In this experiment, the C. elegans worms were transcribing eaf-1 into mRNA but not producing the eaf-1 protein. This phenomenon shows that dsRNA inhibited the translation of mRNA into protein related to the action of E. coli on the worms.
This also explains why the worms affected by this bacteria had fewer offspring and the offspring were smaller.
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Read the article and use the information to answer the following question. Passive Transport Why is osmosis important to the survival of a cell?
Answer:
It provides nutrients and gases to cell.
Explanation:
Osmosis is very important for the survival of a cell because due to osmosis, nutrients, water and gases enters in the cell. Osmosis is a type of diffusion in which solutes enters inside the cell through a semi-permeable membrane. This semi-permeable membrane only allows micromolecules such as glucose while does not allow to enter macromolecules such as carbohydrates and proteins due to small size of the holes of semi-permeable membrane.
Osmosis is important to the survival of a cell because it's the primary means through which water is transported in and out of cells.
Osmosis refers to the net movement of solvent molecules from a side of a semi-permeable membrane to another side.
Osmosis is important in living organisms as it helps in influencing the distribution of nutrients. Also, osmosis is vital for the release of metabolic waste products.
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Explain the reason the Type AB and Type O blood phenotypes always have the same
genotype, whereas the Type A and Type B blood phenotypes have two possible allelic
combinations.
Answer:
Because A is co-dominant to B and O is recessive, so the genotype is the same as the phenotype. But A can have 2 genotypes because A can mask a recessive allele, which makes the phenotype A. B can also mask a recessive allele, which makes the phenotype B.
Examples
AO (genotype) = A (phenotype)
BO (genotype) = B (phenotype)
Which of the following is not true of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts?
Question 11 options:
They are non-vascular plants.
They have true roots, stems, and leaves.
They grow in moist places.
They are small and low-growin
Answer: do not have true roots, stems, leaves
Explanation: they are non-vascular and have no structures of a vascular plant
Answer:
they have not roots, stems, or leaves
Explanation:
hope i helped
The __________________defines the boundary of the cell and determines the nature of its contact with the environment.
The plasma membrane defines the boundary of the cell and determines the nature of contact with the environment.
The plasma membrane is the outermost layer of an animal cell. It is composed of peptidoglycan and has a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it.
The plasma membrane is also known as cell membrane and is a selectively permeable membrane. It allows certain molecules and solutes to enter into the cell and go outside of the cell whenever necessary.
Plasma membrane plays a vital role in the communication between two consecutive cells as it is selectively permeable. The plasma membrane also maintains the concentration of the cell, by releasing or allowing certain solutes to enter and go out of the cell.
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During composting, what happens to the initial ingredients such as eggshells, leaves, and cardboard?
A. planting
B. pollution
C. fertilization
D. decomposition
Answer:
Decomposition
Explanation:
which of the following is not a type of force? a) electrical b) contact c) magnetic d) reversible
Please answer the following questions
1. Which component measures the percentage of fat, bone, and muscle in your body?
2. Going for a swim would be an example of which component of fitness?
3. 3 sets of 20 curl-ups would be an example of which component?
4. How many minutes of physical activity should kids under 18 age a day
HELP ASP
Answer 1: Body composition analysis.
Answer 2: Cardiovascular endurance.
Answer 3: Muscular strength and endurance.
Answer 4: Kids under 18 should get at least 60 minutes of physical activity a day.
Answer:
1. The component that measures the percentage of fat, bone, and muscle in your body is body composition.
2. Going for a swim would be an example of the cardiovascular endurance component of fitness.
3. 3 sets of 20 curl-ups would be an example of the muscular endurance component of fitness.
4. According to the World Health Organization, children and adolescents aged 5-17 years should accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
mitochondria are thought to have evolved from ancient bacteria. which characteristics of a free-living bacteria have mitochondria lost over time? question 10 options: motility ribosomes an independent genome phospholipid membranes ribosomes, phospholipid membranes, motility, and an independent genome
Motility characteristics of a free-living bacteria have mitochondria lost over time
A mitochondrion is a kind of organelle present in the cells of most eukaryotes, including mammals, plants, and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and employ aerobic respiration to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy throughout the cell. Albert von Kölliker identified them in the voluntary muscles of insects in 1857 .
Carl Benda invented the name mitochondrion in 1898. The mitochondrion is commonly referred to as the "powerhouse of the cell," a term originated by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 essay of the same title.
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Full Question :Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from ancient bacteria. Which characteristics of a free-living bacteria have mitochondria lost over time?
1. ribosomes
2. motility
3. phospholipid membranes
4. an independent genome
5. ribosomes, phospholipid membranes, motility, and an independent genome
Assuming that all of these cells came from the same person, which of the following is true? A. Each cell contains different DNA depending on whether the cell came from the person's mother or father. B. Each cell contains the same DNA, and the same genes are being expressed in each one. C. Each cell contains different DNA depending on the function that the cell performs in the body. D. Each cell contains the same DNA, but different genes are being expressed in each type.
Assuming that all of these cells came from the same person, the following is true; Each cell contains the same DNA, but different genes are being expressed in each type; option D
What are cells?Cells are defined as the basic unit of life.
All forms of life are composed or exists as singe cells.
Some organisms are composed of many cells while some organisms are only singe cells.
Organisms that are composed of many cells are called multicellular organisms whereas organisms that are composed of just one cell, are called unicellular organisms
All the cells of a unicellular organism such as humans contains the same DNA of that individual. However, the genes in the DNA of cells are expressed differently according to the specialization of the cell.
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who is a prime minister of India ??
2. Which 2 organelles are found in BOTH plants and animals? *
Answer:
Structurally, plant and animal cells are very similar because they are both eukaryotic cells. They both contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. Both also contain similar membranes, cytosol, and cytoskeletal elements.
Explanation:
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
A. Neither responds to antibiotics
B. Both respond to antibiotics
C. Viral diseases respond to antibiotics; bacterial diseases don’t
D. Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral diseases don’t
Answer:
D. Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral diseases don’t.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
What is the pH of a 0.00125 M HCl solution?
Answer:
\(pH=2.9\)
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, the pH is computed by:
\(pH=-log([H^+])\)
Whereas the concentration of hydrogen ions equals the concentration of the acid for strong acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) due to its complete ionization in solution, which means that such concentration is 0.00125 M. Thus, the pH turns out:
\(pH=-log(0.00125)\\\\pH=2.9\)
Regards.
By definition, the pH of a 0.00125 M HCl solution is 2.90.
You need to know that pH is the Hydrogen Potential. It is a measure of acidity or alkalinity that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution or substance.
Mathematically, pH is calculated as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions:
pH= - log [H⁺]
The numerical scale that measures the pH of substances includes the numbers from 0 to 14. The pH value 7 corresponds to neutral substances. Acidic substances are those with a pH lower than 7, while basic substances have a pH higher than 7.
On the other side, a strong acid is an acid that dissociates completely in solution at constant temperature and pressure. Under these conditions, the concentration of a strong acid is equal to the concentration of hydrogen ions (Hydronium or H₃O⁺).
In this case, HCl is a strong acid. Then: [HCl]= [H⁺]= 0.00125 M
Reeplacing in the definition of pH:
pH= - log 0.00125 M
Solving:
pH= 2.90
Finally, the pH of a 0.00125 M HCl solution is 2.90.
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Answer:
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
Explanation:
blalalalalalalaalalalalalalalalallaalanbalanslkandkljewndnhsliearJCBGj hcuhsaknm
ATP is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis. This ATP is used to_____________in the Calvin Cycle.
A. split water into oxygen has and hydrogen
B. produce NADPH
C. reduce carbon dioxide into glucose
D. None of these are correct
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The energy source is ATP, and the reducing agent is NADPH, which adds high-energy electrons to produce sugar.
HELP ME FAST!!
Compare mitochondria to the digestive system.
They both...
Answer:
Compare mitochondria to the digestive system. The cytoskeleton is similar to the skeletal and muscular system. They both provide structure and allows for movement within the cell. The cell membrane is similar to the integumentary system. They both separate and protects the internal structures from the external environment and it regulates water loss.
Explanation:
mark brainliest :)
While the two copies of a chromosome are
attached they are called
Answer:
here is your answer
sister chromatids
Available energy ___________ as it is transferred from one organism to another in a food chain.
Answer:Key Points. Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level.
Explanation:
In skeletal muscle cells, T tubules are important because they
Question 5 options:
are the location of the motor end plates for the cell.
contribute to the myocyte's cytoskeleton.
conduct action potentials deep into the cell's interior.
release their stored Ca2+ into the sarcoplasm.
provide an anchor for thick filaments in a sarcomere.
Answer:
release their stored Ca2+ into the sarcoplasm
Explanation:
they are a part of the e-c coupling
Carbon is … … … ……… . . . . . . .
Answer:
A. cycled by carbon-fixing bacteria
Explanation:
This process is also called "Biological carbon fixation."
Here is a more in-depth answer:
Biological carbon fixation or сarbon assimilation is the process by which inorganic carbon (particularly in the form of carbon dioxide) is converted to organic compounds by living organisms. The compounds are then used to store energy and as structure for other biomolecules.
1. Some human societies have lifestyles that are sustainable, while others do not.
a. Describe how living near water can lead to a more sustainable lifestyle. (0.5
point)
Sustainable living is the attempt to reduce the use of natural resources like fossil fuels, forests, and others by the human society so that these resources remain available for future generation.
It is associated with maintaining the balance in the ecological, economical and societal needs to lead a healthy lifestyle. As it mainly emphasizes over the protection of the environment then it is also called as green living.
An individual who pursues a lifestyle where he/she is concerned of using the resources in a limited quantity so the basic requirement of his/her is fulfilled along with preserving the remaining resources for the coming generation so that their basic requirements could be met, is following a sustainable living.
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Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the diagram below and on your knowledge
of Earth science. The diagram represents the expansion of a portion of the universe from its
origin until the present. The timeline represents billions of years. Letter X indicates two
celestial objects.
Timeline (billion years ago)
Present T
5-
10-
Origin of
Universe
15-
1. Two pieces of evidence that support the theory that the universe is expanding are the
A) red shift of light from distant stars and the existence of nuclear fusion
B) red shift of light from distant stars and the existence of cosmic background
radiation
C) blue shift of light from distant stars and the existence of nuclear fusion
D) blue shift of light from distant stars and the existence of cosmic background
radiation
polestial objects labeled X are
The two pieces of evidence that support the theory of the expanding universe are the red shift of light from distant stars and the existence of cosmic background radiation.
The correct answer is option B.
1. Red shift of light from distant stars: The observation of redshift in the light coming from distant galaxies provides evidence for the expansion of the universe. Redshift occurs when the light waves from an object moving away from an observer are stretched, causing a shift towards longer wavelengths. This phenomenon is consistent with the Doppler effect, where the wavelength of light appears to stretch as the source moves away. The redshift of light from distant stars indicates that galaxies are moving away from us and from each other, supporting the idea that the universe is expanding.
2. Existence of cosmic background radiation: The discovery of cosmic background radiation further supports the theory of the expanding universe. Cosmic background radiation is a faint, uniform microwave radiation that permeates the entire universe. It is believed to be residual radiation from the Big Bang, the initial event that is thought to have initiated the expansion of the universe. The presence of cosmic background radiation provides strong evidence for the hot, dense early stages of the universe and its subsequent expansion.
Based on the information provided in the diagram, it is not possible to determine the identity or nature of the celestial objects labeled X. The diagram only represents the expansion of the universe over time and does not provide specific details about individual celestial objects.
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Organic substances needed in small quantities to maintain growth and metabolism are called
A. Proteins
B. Vitamins
C. Minerals
D. Fats
Answer:
i think the anwser is B or C
Explanation: since a and d are both vitamins therefore there incorrect you dont need just both of them to main growth unless you want to earn muscles but with a lot of vitamins you can maintain growth in many different ways i hope im correct
Jules is a young up-and-coming female executive who seems to be prioritizing her work,
then family, then friends. Ben is a semi-retired male who prioritizes his health, cognitive
fitness, and relationships. Which theory would best describe how their life goals and
personal life investments vary based on age?
Lifestyle Diversity
Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory
Integrity v. Despair
Ageism
The theory which would best describe how their life goals and personal life investments vary based on age is Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory which is therefore denoted as option B.
What is Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory ?This is referred to as a type of strategy which is characterized by individuals optimizing their abilities. Thus therefore leads to the improvement of health and well being in older adults and a model for successful aging.
This theory also depicts how their life goals and personal life investments vary based on age as a result of the differences in the priorities set by people.
In this scenario, Ben who is a semi-retired male who prioritizes his health, cognitive fitness, and relationships which led to him being successful.
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Based on the diagram below, at which point is the most oxygen being produced? Oxygen in Plants and Time of Day с Oxygen Production Rate B D Dawn Dusk Dawn
A. Point A
B. Point d
c. Point B
D. Point C
The table shown below represents the number of species growing in an area that was logged using clear-cutting 45 years ago in Temagami, Ontario. Data was collected periodically over 45 years.
Describe the changes occurring in vegetation type and species diversity over the 45 years.
What does the pattern of change tell you about what is happening in this area?
Explain how the data supports your conclusion.
Here is an analysis of the changes in vegetation and species diversity based on the data:
In the first years after logging, the area was dominated by grasses, with 32 species present after 1 year. Shrubs and trees were initially absent. This indicates that grasses rapidly colonized the disturbed area after logging.
Over time, the number of grass species declined as shrubs and trees became established. Shrubs first appeared after 5 years and gradually increased, with 18 species present after 45 years. Trees were absent for the first 15 years but then increased to 24 species after 45 years.
The total number of species showed a steady increase over the 45 years, from 32 species initially to a maximum of 77 species after 45 years. This indicates that species diversity was low immediately following the disturbance but gradually recovered and surpassed the original diversity levels.
The pattern of changes suggests that after the initial disturbance of logging, grasses were the first vegetation to recover and colonize the open area. Then over time, shrubs and trees established and the plant community transitioned from grasses to shrubs to trees. This successional progression from early to later species resulted in an overall increase in species diversity as different types of plants colonized the area.
In summary, the key conclusions supported by the data are:
Grasses rapidly colonized after disturbance while shrubs and trees were initially absentShrubs and trees gradually established over time, replacing some of the grass speciesTotal species diversity increased as different vegetation types colonized, reaching maximum diversity after 45 yearsThe changes indicate a successional progression from early colonizers to later species that resulted in higher diversity.SRB
Which statement best describes the relationship of photosynthesis and energy?
O The process of photosynthesis is energy-storing because the process converts light energy into chemical energy,
which is stored in the bonds of glucose.
The process of photosynthesis is energy-releasing because the process converts light energy into free energy that
can be used for cell functions.
O The process of photosynthesis is energy-conserving because no energy is used throughout the process of forming
glucose and oxygen molecules.
The process of photosynthesis is energy-wasting because photosynthesis is an inefficient process that depletes the
cell of energy stored in the bonds of glucose.
Answer:
Photosynthesis is a process whereby plants uses sunlight to prepare their own food using sunlight and without energy such as heat cannot perform its functions.
Yet in the presence of parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D promotes
Ca2+ mobilization from bone, and thus bone loss. How can we reconcile this apparent
contradiction?
The contradiction arises from the fact that vitamin D and PTH both have different roles in calcium metabolism.
Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines and for calcium transport from the kidneys to the blood. PTH, on the other hand, is responsible for mobilizing calcium from the bones. Therefore, when PTH is present, vitamin D helps to stimulate the mobilization of calcium from the bones, leading to bone loss. This is why a balanced intake of both vitamin D and PTH is important for maintaining healthy bones.
What is PTH?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands in the neck. It plays an important role in calcium metabolism by controlling the release of calcium from the bones into the bloodstream. It also helps to regulate the absorption of calcium from the intestines and its excretion in the kidneys. PTH also helps to stimulate the production of vitamin D, which is also necessary for calcium metabolism.
In conclusion, vitamin D and PTH are both important for maintaining healthy bones, but they have different roles in calcium metabolism. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines and for calcium transport from the kidneys to the blood, while PTH is responsible for mobilizing calcium from the bones. When PTH is present, vitamin D helps to stimulate the mobilization of calcium from the bones, leading to bone loss. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balanced intake of both vitamin D and PTH for healthy bones.
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describe any general differences you can see between the seedling that were planted at different depths
Answer:
differences
Explanation:
depending on the depth seedlings may take longer time to grow if it is at lower depths and vice versa