E. coli O157:H7 is a strain that causes food-borne disease and produces Shiga toxin, which is an AB exotoxin. These toxins a) have multiple B subunits for adhesion and the A subunit to inhibit host cell protein synthesis. b) are composed of LPS. c) disrupt host cell adhesion. d) disrupt membrane of host cells to release nutrients. e) do not disrupt host cell adhesion
Answers
Shiga toxin generating when patients with Escherichia coli are infected, it might result in bloody diarrhea. E. coli O157:H7 is a strain that causes food-borne disease and produces Shiga toxin, which is an AB exotoxin. These toxins disrupt host cell adhesion. The correct option is (d).
What is Shiga toxin caused by?
People who consume contaminated foods such undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized (raw) milk, juice, or produce like sprouts, lettuce, and spinach are at an increased risk of developing STEC. It has also been linked to instances of persons swimming in feces-contaminated water.
Which results are expected for E. coli 0157 H7?
Abdominal cramps and severe, acute hemorrhagic diarrhea are two symptoms of E.coli O157:H7 infection. Typically, the illness lasts 5 to 10 days and has little to no fever. It may also occasionally show no symptoms.
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Related Questions
explain the importance of all 3 biomolecules in general and for making ATP.
Answers
The three biomolecules that are used for making ATP are Lipids (fats) , Carbohydrates and Proteins
The biomolecules also known as biological molecules serve a wide range of activities and they vary in shape and their size . It is also considered essential to life because they help organisms develop, survive, and propagate. The biomolecules interact with one another which play a role in the development of organisms .
There are four types of biological molecules which are carbohydrates which is used as an energy source , lipids which is used for storage and support , proteins is used for supporting essential vital functions and amino acids are the developing elements that make up proteins and nucleic acids for storing genetic information .
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Identify a minimum of three benefits and risks associated with genetically engineered plants.
Answers
Higher yield, more food and more profit are the benefits of genetically engineered plants whereas production of toxins and allergic reactions are the risks of genetically engineered plants.
What are the benefits of genetically engineered plants?Genetically engineered plants has many benefits such as greater access to affordable and healthy food, higher crop yields, and more profits for farmers.
What are the risks of genetic engineering in plants?
Genetically engineered crops could be harmful because these crops sometimes produces toxins which causes more damage to the people. Genetically engineered crops could cause allergic reactions in people. Pollen produced by the plants could be toxic and harm insects that transfer it between plants.
So we can conclude that higher yield, more food and more profit are the benefits of genetically engineered plants whereas production of toxins and allergic reactions are the risks of genetically engineered plants.
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15. Which sequence correctly represents the
arrangement of structures containing genetic
material, from the largest to the smallest size?
Answers
Answer:
The correct sequence that represents the arrangement of structures containing genetic material, from the largest to the smallest size, is:
Chromosomes: These are the largest structures that contain genetic material. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins and are visible under a microscope during cell division.
Genes: These are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins. Genes are located on chromosomes and are the basic unit of inheritance.
DNA: This is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of nucleotides.
Nucleotides: These are the building blocks of DNA. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
Base pairs: These are the complementary nitrogenous bases that pair up to form the rungs of the DNA ladder. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine. The sequence of base pairs determines the genetic code.
Explanation:
For each of the following scenarios, describe the most likely pathway from beginning of synthesis (when peptide bonds are made) to final location for
a protein. Include short descriptions of key steps. The scenarios are: a protein that floats freely in the cytoplasm; a protein that is in the lumen (liquid
interior) of a lysosome; a protein that is secreted from a cell; and a protein that is imbedded in the plasma membrane of a cell.
Answers
Both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of a cell are the sites where protein synthesis takes place. A DNA template is used to create RNA in the nucleus. The translation is then carried out by this RNA in the cytoplasm.
Transcription and translation are the two processes that make up protein synthesis. A segment of DNA called a gene, which codes for a protein, is transformed into a template molecule called messenger RNA during transcription (mRNA). In the cell's nucleus, enzymes referred to as RNA polymerases perform this conversion. [2] Eukaryotes make this mRNA prematurely at first (pre-mRNA), which then goes through post-transcriptional changes to produce mature mRNA.
Nuclear pores allow the mature mRNA to be evacuated from the cell nucleus and transported to the cytoplasm, where translation can take place. Ribosomes read the mRNA during translation, using its nucleotide sequence to infer the order of the amino acids. To create a polypeptide chain from the encoded amino acids, the ribosomes catalyse the production of covalent peptide bonds. After translation, the polypeptide chain needs to fold in order to create a functioning protein. For instance, for an enzyme to work properly, the polypeptide chain needs to fold properly in order to create a functional active site. The polypeptide chain initially forms a series of smaller underlying structures termed secondary structures before it can assume a useful three-dimensional (3D) shape.
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An organisms particular role in the environment is known as its
Answers
Answer:
a niche
Explanation:
Answer: Niche
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Your friend is standing on the other side of a canyon. If an Echo returns in 0.15 seconds and the temperature is 25°C. How far away is you from your friend?
Answers
The distance from you to your friend is approximately 22.5 meters.
The speed of sound at 25°C is about 343 meters per second. The time it takes for the sound to travel to the other side of the canyon and back is 0.15 seconds, so the total distance traveled by the sound is twice the distance between you and your friend. Using the equation distance = speed x time, we can calculate the distance between you and your friend as follows:
distance = speed of sound x time / 2distance = 343 m/s x 0.15 s / 2distance = 22.5 metersTherefore, your friend is approximately 22.5 meters away from you across the canyon.
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The United States Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a large portion of Alaska that is protected from construction, which
would affect the land and resources that are available to living things. Which term is used to describe all the species that
live in the Arctic National Wildlife refuge?
Answers
Answer:
A community
Explanation:
A community is a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common.
Draw the structure of a steroid
Answers
Steroids are organic compounds associated with hormones.
An example is a cortisol.
The attached photo shows the difference between cholesterol and steroid, cortisol.
2. dependence problems.
narcotic
illegal drug
Answers
narcotic are illegal drugs is a true statement.
Option A is correct
What are narcotic?The term narcotic originally referred medically to any psychoactive compound with numbing or paralyzing properties
Chemicals with an intense physiological effect, such as drugs and psychoactive chemicals, modify brain function and momentarily affect perception, mood, and feelings.
Due to their detrimental effects on the body and human health, drugs are outlawed in the majority of nations around the world. Heroin and cocaine, which are deadly narcotics, cause the most severe addiction.
Drug dependence results in both physical and mental dependence.
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Complete question:
. Narcotics are illegal drugs
A. O True
B. O False
Volcanos extend so deep below earth’s surface that they reach down to the next layer. Which is the second layer of earth?
Answers
Answer:
mantle
Explanation:
The mantle is very thick: 1800 miles deep. The mantle is a little bit like a sandwich. On the top and bottom parts of the mantle, the rock doesn’t move very much. In the middle of the mantle is the asthenosphere. This part of the mantle moves around fairly slowly. This moving mantle layer pushes the earth’s plates around.
The occipital lobe processes visual information. The temporal lobe helps process hearing and memory. And the parietal lobe helps the brain process different stimuli, like pressure, temperature, and pain. What can you conclude about our brains based on this information?
A) One major function of the brain is making sense of different stimuli coming in from the outside world.
B) The most important thing that the brain does is organize our memories by time so that we can quickly recall them.
C) Brain activity is only concerned with things happening inside the human body, not outside in the larger world.
D) The first step in processing sound occurs in the occipital lobe, where the sound is processed and organized.
Answers
For instance, while the occipital lobe is crucial to visual processing, both sides also need portions of the parietal, temporal, and frontal lobes to handle complicated visual inputs. Thus, option D is correct.
What combine role of occipital lobe and temporal lobe?Below the lingual gyrus, the fusiform gyrus projects from the temporal lobe. The occipital lobe is the area of the brain responsible for processing vision. It is linked to memory formation, object and face identification, colour perception, distance and depth perception, and visuospatial processing.
Although each lobe is said to have a particular purpose, most tasks call for the cooperation of several regions across both hemispheres.
Therefore, The first step in processing sound occurs in the occipital lobe, where the sound is processed and organized.
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the burning of coal to generate has been good in some ways and bad in others the electricity has allowed for an improvement in many areas of life but the burning of coal is also responsible for a great deal of pollution which activity helps solve the pollution problem through the use of new technology
Answers
The burning of coal to generate has been good in some ways and bad in others. The electricity has allowed for an improvement in many areas of life but the burning of coal is also responsible for a great deal of pollution.
Pollution problem is solved through the use of new technology such as carbon capture and storage, high-efficiency, low-emissions coal-fired power plants, and renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.Carbon capture and storage is a process that captures carbon dioxide emissions from sources such as coal-fired power plants, transports them to a storage site, and stores them permanently underground.
Carbon capture and storage technology is an important tool in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.High-efficiency, low-emissions coal-fired power plants are designed to produce electricity with less coal and fewer emissions than traditional coal-fired power plants. These power plants use advanced technologies to improve the efficiency of the combustion process and reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced.
Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power produce electricity without burning fossil fuels, so they do not produce greenhouse gas emissions or contribute to climate change. These sources of energy are becoming increasingly popular as the technology advances and the cost of producing electricity from renewable sources continues to decrease.
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Genetics Problem Solving Chapter 25
Answers
The problem involved a cross between homozygous purple and homozygous white pea plants, where purple is dominant. The Punnett square showed that the probability of the offspring having purple flowers is 3/4 or 0.75, which is a 75% chance.
The genotype of the homozygous purple-flowered pea plant is PP and the genotype of the homozygous white-flowered pea plant is pp. When these two plants are crossed, all of the F1 generation plants will be heterozygous (Pp) for flower color because they inherit one allele from each parent.
To determine the probability of the offspring having purple flowers, we can use a Punnett square
Each box represents a possible genotype combination of the offspring. The probability of an offspring inheriting the dominant P allele is 3/4, while the probability of inheriting the recessive p allele is 1/4. Therefore, the probability of the offspring having purple flowers is 3/4 or 0.75.
Thus, there is a 75% chance that the offspring of this cross will have purple flowers.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given
" Genetics Problem Solving Chapter 25
In pea plants, flower color is determined by a single gene with two alleles: the dominant allele for purple flowers (P) and the recessive allele for white flowers (p). A homozygous purple-flowered pea plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered pea plant.
What is the probability that the offspring will have purple flowers?"--
the fact that for a given species the amount of purnies in hte dna always matches the number of pyrimidines was first determined by
Answers
Answer:
It was given by Chargaff and it is know as chargaff's rule
A student is studying a cell from an unidentified organism. Which feature of the cell provides the strongest evidence that the organisms is a
prokaryote, and not a eukaryote?
The cell contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
The cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall.
The sell is surrounded by a cell membrane, but not a cell wall.
Answers
Answer:
aw w
Explanation:
aw w
Which scenario is an example of making inferences based on observations?
OA. A scientist collects honeybee specimens from each part of the life
cycle and creates a display.
OB. A scientist talks to various organizations about the importance of
preserving habitats vital to the survival of bees.
OC. A scientist publishes an article encouraging local farmers to plant
wildflowers to benefit wild bee populations.
D. A scientist analyzes the feeding patterns of honeybees and
determines that honeybees prefer nectar over pollen.
Answers
The example of making inferences based on observations is:
A scientist analyzes the feeding patterns of honeybees and determines that honeybees prefer nectar over pollen; option DWhat are inferences and observations?In the scientific method, observations and inferences are key step which help in understanding and explanation of the natural world.
Observation refers to the ability of the scientist to note and see changes or phenomena that occurs i his or her environment.
Inferences are conclusions which are drawn from either observations or experiments.
Considering the given scenarios, the instance of an observation is;
A scientist analyzes the feeding patterns of honeybees and determines that honeybees prefer nectar over pollen.In conclusion, observations are required in making of inferences.
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When jaw become large enough to hold the permanent teeth . The milk teeth fall and permanent teeth appear
Answers
The "exfoliation" or "shedding" of milk teeth is the name of the procedure.
What is the Dentition of Humans?The primary and permanent tooth sets make up the human dentition. Maxillary (upper) and Mandibular (lower) are the two opposing arches in which teeth are arranged. These can be split into their left and right halves along the midline (mid-sagittal plane).
Four Different Teeth Types and Their Purposes
The majority of individuals have 32 permanent adult teeth, which can be classified into four groups:
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Identify the two main gases that are exchanged between the respiratory
and circulatory systems.
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
compare the approaches to energy processing taken by each of the following, and give an example organism who engages in each mode: heterotrophs photosynthetic autotrophs chemosynthetic autotrophs
Answers
Giant tubeworms with bacteria found in large numbers near deep hydrothermal vents or channels are good examples of chemosynthetic organisms. They use hydrogen sulfide as an energy source to produce sugars and amino acids from carbon dioxide.
Prokaryotic microorganisms, mainly bacteria, and archaea (hereinafter referred to as "bacteria") carry out chemosynthetic reactions. Energy is obtained from the oxidation of reduced compounds in chemosynthetic reactions.
Chemical synthesis alternatively uses energy from chemical reactions between (hydrogen gas or hydrogen sulfide) or inorganic molecules such as methane to produce one or more carbon molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients. is converted into organic matter. Like photosynthesis, of sunlight.
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Definition: All the individuals of a species that live together in one place at the same time
Example: this of humans in the United States in 2005 is around 275,000,000
Term: po
Interdep
Hint
Answers
Answer:
population
Explanation:
Carla, who is participating in a dichotic listening study, is asked to ignore any information that is presented to her right ear. She finds that she has no problem doing this except for when she thinks she hears her name in her right ear. Carla is experiencing:
a) the cocktail party effect.
b) blindsight
c) inattentional blindness
d) change blindness
Answers
A ) The cocktail party effect.
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How many germ (cell) layers are present in acoelomates? Explain your answer
Answers
hree different reptile skulls with a common ancestor show that the skull changed from having no holes behind the eye to having one hole, and then two holes behind the eye.
What conclusion did scientists draw about the reptile?
The skull evolved as the reptile developed stronger jaws.
The reptile evolved from living in water to living on land.
The reptiles were different ages when they died.
The reptile was never properly preserved during fossil formation.
Answers
Answer: THE ANSWER IS C !!
Explanation: Just Took The Test !! Got A 100 % On EDG
MARK BRAINLIEST
Answer:
The reptiles were different ages when they died.
Explanation:
i did the test on edg and got 100%
hope this helped:) have a good day :D
what is the function of brain hxhtojuqat
Answers
Answer: buuu
Explanation:
4. The ATP yield from 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH under aerobic conditions in a eukaryotic cell would be: which option is correct a) 1 mole of ATP b) 2 moles of ATP c) 3 moles of ATP d) 4 moles of ATP e) 6 moles of ATP
Answers
The ATP yield from 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH under aerobic conditions in a eukaryotic cell is approximately 4 moles of ATP.
During oxidative phosphorylation, each mole of NADH can generate around 2.5 to 3 moles of ATP. Therefore, for 2 moles of NADH, the total ATP production would be in the range of 4 to 6 moles of ATP. While the more precise estimate falls within the 4 to 6 moles range, the closest option provided is 4 moles of ATP. It is important to note that the exact ATP yield can vary depending on factors such as the efficiency of the electron transport chain and the specific conditions within the cell.Since there are 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH, the total ATP yield would be around 4 to 6 moles of ATP. However, the most accurate option among the given choices is 4 moles of ATP.
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What kind of connective tissue forms the superficial layer of all parts of a bone?
Answers
Answer:
compact bone am i correct
Answer:
compact bone
Explanation:
this is also called cortical bone,dense bone..in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salt,leaving only tiny space (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes,or bone cell....and both type are found in most bone.
What is the relationship between a molecule of DNA and a chromosome?
Answers
Answer: In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure
Explanation:
A scientist compares to samples of white powder. One powder was present at the beginning of the experiment. The other Potter was present at the end. She wants to determine whether a chemical reaction has occurred. She finds that neither sample bubbles or dissolves in water. She measures the mass of volume of the solids. Sample one has a volume of 45 cm to the third power And a mass of .5 g. Sample two has a volume of 65 cm to the third and a mass of 1.3 g. What should the scientist conclude?
Answers
Based on the given information, the scientist can conclude that a physical change has occurred rather than a chemical reaction.
The scientist can make this conclusion because the samples did not show any signs of bubbling or dissolving in water, which are common indications of a chemical reaction.
Additionally, the measurement of the mass and volume of the samples shows that there has been a change in both properties. Sample two has a greater volume and mass compared to sample one, indicating that some physical transformation has taken place.
However, without further information or analysis, it is not possible to determine the exact nature of the physical change or identify the substances involved.
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The traits of a living organism are the result of complex interactions of chemical components that make up the living organism. Proteins do much of the chemical work inside cells, so they largely determine an organism’s traits. What components are responsible for providing the genetic code that determines how proteins are built and, therefore, how they determine traits?
Answers
The components responsible for providing the genetic code that determines how proteins are built and, therefore, they determine traits are the nitrogen bases of nucleotides in the DNA molecule.
What are the nitrogen bases of nucleotides in the DNA molecule?Nitrogen bases of nucleotides in the DNA molecule are small subunits of these building blocks of the genetic material. In DNA, a nucleotide is composed of three different subunits which are the nitrogen bases, the sugar ribose and a phosphate group.
There are four types of nitrogen bases which are called adenine or A, guanine or G, cytosine or C, and thymine of T.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that nitrogen bases of nucleotides in the DNA molecule are four (A, C, G and T) and they are building blocks of the nucleotides that form the genetic material of an organism cell.
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https://screenshot.best/2QA8H0
Answers
Answer:
what is the image?
Explanation: