Enthalpies of reaction calculated from bond energies and from enthalpies of formation are often, but not always, close to each other.
(b) Ethylene glycol is produced by the catalytic oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, which then reacts with water to form ethylene glycol:
The ΔH° for this hydrolysis step, based on enthalpies of formation, is - 97 kJ/mol. Calculate ΔH° for the hydrolysis using bond energies.
Answers
The enthalpy change in a reaction is given by-
ΔH°rxn = ∑nΔH°f,products - ∑nΔH°f,reactants
This can be expressed in terms of bond energy as-
ΔH°rxn = BEreactants - BEproducts
Therefore, the calculated bond energy according to the above equation will be-
ΔH°rxn = [ (C-C) + 2(C-O) + 4(C-H) + 2(O-H) ] - [ (C-C) + 2(C-O) + 4(C-H) + 2(O-H) = 0 kJ/mol
What is enthalpy change?Enthalpy change is a measure of the energy emitted or consumed in a reaction. This can be determined using the following equation which involves standard enthalpy of reactant and product formation:
ΔH°rxn = ∑nΔH°f,products - ∑nΔH°f,reactants
What is bond energy?Bond energy is defined as the amount of energy needed to dissociate a mole of molecules into their individual atoms.
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Related Questions
Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
Photograph shows a mushroom shaped cloud of volcanic ash.
(blank) is the most likely resource to be found near the base of a volcano on Earth’s surface.
Answers
metal ore
i got this question before and answered this one correctly trust me its right
Answer:
metal ore
Explanation:
in what organelle does photosynthesis occur
Answers
Answer:
chloroplasts
Explanation:
In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, called the thylakoid membrane, that forms long folds within the organelle.
Please answer asap!! how does the density of an object identify the material the object is made from?
Answers
Answer:
If you were to divide any object into small pieces of unit volume, the density would be the mass of each small piece. Everything is made up of molecules, which in turn are made up of atoms. So every object is created from the aggregation of atoms and molecules.
:)
The ion channel that opens in response to acetylcholine is an example of a _____ signal transduction system.
Answers
The ion channel that opens in response to acetylcholine is an example of a ligand-gated ion channel, which is a type of direct or membrane signal transduction system.
In this system, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine acts as the ligand that binds to the receptor site on the ion channel, causing it to open and allow the flow of ions across the cell membrane.
This rapid change in ion concentration can trigger a range of cellular responses, such as muscle contraction or nerve impulse transmission.
Ligand-gated ion channels are distinct from other types of signal transduction systems, such as G protein-coupled receptors and enzyme-linked receptors, which rely on intracellular signaling pathways to mediate the response to ligand binding.
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. In an irrigated maize field, 250 kg of the compound fertilizer grade 20-20-10 formulation of a water soluble fertilizer was applied using the fertigation method. What was the actual quantity of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium guaranteed to be applied to the field?
Answers
the actual quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium guaranteed to be applied to the maize field is 50 kg, 50 kg, and 25 kg, respectively.
For Nitrogen (N):
The percentage of nitrogen in the fertilizer is 20%. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen applied can be calculated as:
Nitrogen = (20/100) * 250 kg
Nitrogen = 0.2 * 250 kg
Nitrogen = 50 kg
For Phosphorus (P):
The percentage of phosphorus in the fertilizer is also 20%. Thus, the amount of phosphorus applied can be calculated as:
Phosphorus = (20/100) * 250 kg
Phosphorus = 0.2 * 250 kg
Phosphorus = 50 kg
For Potassium (K):
The percentage of potassium in the fertilizer is 10%. So, the amount of potassium applied can be determined as:
Potassium = (10/100) * 250 kg
Potassium = 0.1 * 250 kg
Potassium = 25 kg
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Beth pulls a wagon up a hill in 40 seconds. Her friend Adeline pulls the same wagon up the same hill in 30 seconds. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Beth accomplished more work than Adeline.
B. Adeline accomplished more work than Beth.
C. Beth had a greater power output than Adeline.
D. Adeline had a greater power output than Beth.
Answers
Answer:
d
Explanation: because they did same thing on was just faster than other one
Answer:
The answer will be D
Explanation:
The diagram shows the structure of an animal cell.
Which number label represents the cell membrane? (5 points)
Answers
Answer:
1
Explanation:
The cell membrane is the protective, semi-permeable membrane surrounding a cell and its contents.
Answer:
I think 19 I think I don't know
use the law of conservation of mass to answer the questions. consider a hypothetical reaction in which a and b are reactants and c and d are products. if 25 g of a completely reacts with 26 g of b to produce 17 g of c, how many grams of d will be produced?
Answers
we can use this principle law of conservation of mass: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, where x represents the mass of d produced. Solving for x, we find that x = 34 g, so 34 g of d are produced.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction, meaning that the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products.
In a chemical reaction, the law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products. Using this principle, we can solve for the unknown mass of a product in a reaction. In this hypothetical reaction, 25 g of a and 26 g of b react to produce 17 g of c and some amount of d. We can write an equation to represent the relationship between the masses of reactants and products: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, where x represents the mass of d produced. To find the value of x, we can solve the equation: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, so x = 25 g + 26 g - 17 g = 34 g. Therefore, 34 g of d are produced in this reaction.
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A chemical equilibrium between gaseous reactants and products is shown. N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) How will the reaction be affected if the pressure on the system is decreased?
Answers
Answer:
reaction goes backward
as pressure decreases reaction shifts to more no of moles side that is 4 moles on left side
nitrates, turbidity and acidity. Whichwater sample was likely runoff from a farm?
Answers
Answer:
What is the most likely source of nitrogen in runoff? Fossil fuel emissions.
sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen to produce sulphur trioxide, balance the chemical equation using lcm method?
Answers
Answer:
2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
Explanation:
According to this question, sulphur dioxide (SO2) reacts with oxygen to produce sulphur trioxide (SO3). The equation is as follows:
SO2 + O2 → SO3
The above equation is unbalanced because there are unequal number of atoms of each element in the both reactants and products. To balance the equation, we use coefficients to make the number of atoms equal. The balanced equation is as follows:
2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
- There are 2 moles of S on both sides of the equation.
- There are 4 moles of Oxygen on both sides of the equation.
which branch of science studies non-living things?
Answers
Answer: The branch of science you are referring to is Physical Science.
Answer:
physical science
Explanation:
Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science.
A liquid form of matter has less heat than when it is in __________ form.
solid
molecule
gas
Answers
Hi can someone help me out with this question!
Answers
Answer:
Physical
Explanation:
You just melted the solid with heat, it has no new properties.
The name for a positive ion is a ....
Answers
The name for a positive ion is a cation.
hope this helped
What did John Dalton contribute to the understanding of the atom?
Answers
John Dalton contribute to the understanding of the atom that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks.
While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing sizes and mass.
What is an atom?An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element.
An atom consists of a central nucleus that is usually surrounded by one or more electrons.
Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.
Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition.
The theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible.
(1) All matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles, called atoms, that cannot be destroyed or created.
(2) Each element has atoms that are identical to each other in all of their properties.
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The Mississippi River carries tons of tiny rock fragments called sediments into the Gulf of Mexico. What do you think will happen to these sediments after a few million years?
Answers
Answer:build up
Explanation:
Answer:
The sediments will be transformed into rock.
Explanation:
Hope this helps, Good Luck, let me know if i am wrong, and Brainliest?
Color of the CuCl2 hydrate before heating:
Answers
hydrated cucl2 have blue-green colour
Which separation method is used to separate metals ? Which are the separation methods used in agriculture ?
Answers
Answer:
Which separation method is used to separate metals?
Answer : Liquation
Which are the separation methods used in agriculture?
Answer : Handpicking,Threshing,Winnowing,Evaporation and Condensation
Explanation:
Hope it's help. :-)
Answer:
1. Liquation (metals)
Liquation is a metallurgical method for separating metals from an ore or alloy. The material must be heated until one of the metals starts to melt and drain away from the other and can be collected.
2. Threshing and winnowing ( agriculture )
Wind winnowing is an agricultural method developed by ancient cultures for separating grain from chaff. It is also used to remove weevils or other pests from stored grain.
Threshing, the loosening of grain or seeds from the husks and straw, is the step in the chaff-removal process that comes before winnowing.
In calculating the mass of an atom the mass of the electrons is essentially
Answers
Answer:
Sex
Explanation:
Need an answer for this question pls
Answers
Television technology has evolved from the process of analogue to the process of digital signal transmission.
What is technology?We know that technology has to do with the correct application of the scientific knowledge so as to solve practical problems. The chemical engineer is ultimately involved in the process of problem solving the society.
The television technology has evolved from the analogue transmission of the signals when I was a child to the digital transmission of signals thus most of the television stations now do digital transmission.
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this large group of elements contains many metals which are not highly reactive such as copper,iron, and tungsten
Answers
Answer: Hello sir, hope you are having a good day, I have came to tell you your answer needs a picture so we can answer it or otherwise we will be wrong
Explanation:
A large group of chemical elements that contains many metals which are not highly reactive such as copper, iron, and tungsten is called: Transition metals.
Transition metals can be defined as a chemical element that has a partially filled d-orbital or is capable of producing cations with an incomplete d-orbital (subshell).
Hence, a transition metal refers to a large group of chemical elements that are found in the d-block of the periodic table such as Group III to Group XII elements.
In Chemistry, some examples of transition metals include the following:
Copper.Iron.Tungsten.Cobalt.Zinc.Nickel.In conclusion, transition metals comprises of many metals which are not highly reactive such as tungsten, iron and copper.
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3 10.0 grams of granite is heated from 30 °C to 50 °C . How much energy does this require? The specific heat of granite is 0.79J/goC
Answers
Answer:
The energy required is 158 J
Explanation:
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
When the heat added or removed from a substance causes a change in temperature in it without affecting its molecular structure, this heat is called sensible heat.
In other words, when a system absorbs (or gives up) a certain amount of heat, it can happen that it experiences a change in its temperature, which implies sensible heat.
The equation that allows calculating heat exchanges is:
Q = c * m * ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
In this case:
c=0.79 \(\frac{J}{g*C}\)m= 10 gramsΔT= Tfinal - Tinitial= 50 C - 30 C= 20 CReplacing:
Q= 0.79 \(\frac{J}{g*C}\) *10 g* 20 C
Solving:
Q= 158 J
The energy required is 158 J
_____ are used as preservatives for ophthalmic solutions and cosmetics. Triclosan Betadine Quaternary ammonium compounds Merthiolate Formalin
Answers
It should be noted that merthiolate are used for skin antiseptics, vaccines, preservatives in cosmetics and ophthalmic solutions.
Merthiolate is simply a mercury-containing substance that can be used as a germ-killer and preservative in several products.
It should be noted that merthiolate poisoning occurs when large amounts of merthiolate come in contact with the skin of a person. Merthiolate is also used in preventing skin infection and cleaning wounds.
In conclusion, the correct option is merthiolate.
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If L1 is regular and L1L2 is
regular, is L2 regular? Prove or disprove.
Answers
If L₁ is regular and L₁L₂ is regular, is L₂ regular, it does not necessarily imply that L₂ is regular.
If L₁ is regular and L₁L₂ is regular, it does not necessarily imply that L₂ is regular. In fact, L₂ can be either regular or non-regular. Let's explore both possibilities:
1. L₂ is regular:
If L₂ is regular, then L₁L₂ is also regular because the concatenation of a regular language with any language (regular or non-regular) results in a regular language. Therefore, in this case, L₂ would indeed be regular.
2. L₂ is non-regular:
If L₂ is non-regular, then L₁L₂ would still be regular because the concatenation of a regular language with a non-regular language can still result in a regular language. In this case, L₁L₂ would be regular, but L₂ itself would not be regular.
To disprove the statement that L₂ is always regular when L₁ and L₁L₂ are regular, we only need to find a counterexample where L₂ is non-regular. One example is:
L₁ = {aⁿ bⁿ | n ≥ 0}
L₂ = {aⁿ | n ≥ 0}
L₁ is regular since it can be recognized by a finite automaton. L₁L₂ is also regular because it is equivalent to L₁ itself (since L₂ is a subset of L₁). However, L₂ is not regular because it cannot be recognized by a finite automaton due to the lack of a corresponding number of b's for each a in the strings.
Therefore, the statement "If L₁ is regular and L₁L₂ is regular, L₂ is regular" is disproven, as there exist cases where L₁ is regular, L₁L₂ is regular, but L₂ is non-regular.
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What are the condiction requried for
work to be done
Answers
Answer:
the object should be displaced on which the force is applied
Explanation:
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Select the correct answer.
The table shows the specific heat of four substances—brick, dry soil, paper, and water. If all four substances were exposed to sunlight for the same amount of time, which substance would heat up the slowest?
brick 0.9
dry soil 1.26
paper 1.336
water 4.18
A.
water
B.
dry soil
C.
paper
D.
brick
Answers
If all four substances were exposed to sunlight for the same amount of time, brick is the substance that heats up the slowest. Option D is correct.
The certain heat of brick is 0.9, which specifies that it needs less heat energy to increase its temperature compared to the other substances listed
Particularly, brick has a lower heat size, meaning it can engross less heat energy per unit mass. Accordingly, when exposed to sunlight, the brick will heat up in proportion slowly compared to the other substances.
So, the substance that would heat up the slowest when exposed to sunlight for the same duration is brick.
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1. Did the gas bubbles come from the water, or when the bath bomb is put in the water.
Answers
Answer:
Dont listen to that other dude, its some fake scam thing.
Explanation:
Its a chemical reaction between H2O and the chemicals in bath bombs.
so basically the bubbles come from the chemical reaction between the water and bath bomb,
hope this helps! :)
during an oxidation-reduction experiment, why is it important to observe the reaction after 30 minutes? responses the solution and solid look different after 30 minutes than when the reaction begins. the solution and solid look different after 30 minutes than when the reaction begins. the reaction requires time to complete. the reaction requires time to complete. silver continues to precipitate for 30 minutes. silver continues to precipitate for 30 minutes. all of the above all of the above
Answers
In an oxidation-reduction experiment, it is important to observe the reaction after 30 minutes because the reaction requires time to complete.
During this time, the solution and solid may look different than when the reaction begins, and silver may continue to precipitate for 30 minutes.
By observing the reaction after 30 minutes, we can ensure that the reaction has completed and that we have accurate results.
It also allows us to analyze the full extent of the reaction and make any necessary adjustments or observations. Therefore, it is crucial to wait the full 30 minutes before analyzing the results of an oxidation-reduction experiment.
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the contents of a truck containing 400 crates of avocados are correctly insured for $2000. How many avocados are in an average selection of 12 crates, if an average avocado weighs 0.4 pound and the value of avocados is $0.30 per pound?
Answers
The number of avocados in an average selection of 12 crates is 500 avocadoes.
What is the total number of avocadoes in the truck?The total number of avocadoes in the truck is determined from the correct insurance value f the avocadoes.
The total number of avocadoes in the truck is calculated as follows:
Weight of one avocado = 0.4 pound
Value of avocado per pound = $0.30
Value of one avocado = $0.30 * 0.4
Value of one avocado = $0.12
Value of one crate of avocado = $2000/400
Value of one crate of avocado = $5
Number of avocadoes per crate = 5/0.12 41 avocadoes
Number of avocados in an average selection of 12 crates = 5/0.12 * 12
Number of avocados in an average selection of 12 crates = 500 avocadoes
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