gConsider the following exothermic reaction: Co(OH)3(s) (NH4)3P(aq) 3NH3(g) CoP(s) 3H2O(l) a. List 3 different ways to increase the rate of the reaction aside from simply stirring the reactants. Be specific. b. Use collision theory to explain how each method increases the rate. c. How would each method affect the value of the equilibrium constant for the reaction
Answers
(a) Three different ways to increase the rate of the reaction aside from simply stirring the reactants are (i) Increase temperature (ii) Add a catalyst (iii) Increase surface area.
(b) Collision theory can explain how each method increases the rate in these ways: (i) Increased temperature (ii) Addition of a catalyst (iii) Increasing concentration of (NH₄)₃P(aq) (iv) Increasing surface area of Co(OH)₃(s).
(c) Each of the three methods mentioned would not affect the value of the constant (K) for the reaction.
(a) Here are three specific ways to increase the rate of a reaction:
(i) Increase temperature: By raising the temperature of the reaction, the kinetic energy of the reactant particles increases. This leads to more frequent and energetic collisions, increasing the reaction rate.
(ii) Add a catalyst: A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed. By providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy, a catalyst allows more reactant particles to overcome the energy barrier and react, thus increasing the reaction rate.
(iii) Increase surface area: If the solid reactant, Co(OH)₃, is in the form of large chunks or particles, breaking it down into smaller pieces or increasing its surface area will expose more reactant particles to the solution. This increases the frequency of collisions between reactants and speeds up the reaction rate.
(b.) Collision theory can explain in these ways:
(i) Increased temperature: According to collision theory, increasing the temperature results in higher kinetic energy of particles. This leads to more frequent collisions between reactant molecules and an increased proportion of collisions with sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier. Thus, the reaction rate increases.
(ii) Addition of a catalyst: Collision theory states that a catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. The catalyst interacts with reactant molecules, facilitating the formation of temporary, unstable intermediate species that can easily proceed to the product formation. This lowers the energy barrier for the reaction and increases the rate of effective collisions, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
(iii) Increasing concentration of (NH₄)₃P(aq): When the concentration of (NH₄)₃P(aq) is increased, the number of particles of (NH₄)₃P available for collision with Co(OH)₃(s) also increases. As a result, the frequency of collisions between reactant particles increases, leading to a higher reaction rate.
(iv) Increasing surface area of Co(OH)₃(s): By increasing the surface area of Co(OH)₃(s), more particles of (NH₄)₃P(aq) can come into contact with the solid reactant. This increases the chances of successful collisions, as a larger surface area provides more sites for reactant particles to collide and react. Consequently, the reaction rate is increased.
(c.) The equilibrium constant is determined solely by the stoichiometry and temperature of the reaction and does not depend on the rate at which the reaction reaches equilibrium.
The rate of a reaction can be increased without affecting the position of the equilibrium or the relative concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.
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Related Questions
what is the driving force for the movement of earths plates?
Answers
The energy source for plate tectonics is Earth's internal heat while the forces moving the plates are the “ridge push” and “slab pull” gravity forces.
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Consider the chemical equation. 2h2 o2 right arrow. 2h2o what is the percent yield of h2o if 87.0 g of h2o is produced by combining 95.0 g of o2 and 11.0 g of h2? use percent yield equals startfraction actual yield over theoretical yield endfraction times 100.. 56.5% 59.0% 88.5% 99.7%
Answers
The percent yield of H₂O, if 87.0 g of H₂O is produced by combining 95.0 g of O₂ and 11.0 g of H₂ is 87.87%.
How do we calculate mass from moles?Mass of any substance will be calculated by using their moles as:
n = W/M, where
W = given or required mass
M = molar mass
Moles of 95g of Oxygen (O₂) = 95g / 32g/mol = 2.96 moles
Moles of 11g of hydrogen (H₂) = 11g / 2g/mol = 5.5 moles
Given chemical reaction is:
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
From the stoichiometry of the reaction, it is clear that:
1 moles of O₂ = reacts with 2 moles of H₂
2.96 moles of O₂ = reacts with 2×2.96=5.92 moles of H₂
Here hydrogen is the limiting reagent as it has lower moles and formation of water depends on this only.
2 moles of H₂ = produces 2 moles of water
5.5 moles of H₂ = produces 5.5 moles of water
Mass of 5.5 moles of water will be calculated as:
W = (5.5mol)(18g/mol) = 99g
Given theoretical yield of water = 87g
% yield of water will be calculated as:
% yield = (87 / 99)×100 = 87.87%
Hence required value is 87.87%.
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Answer:
D
Explanation:
Which element would have a full outer shell of electrons if it gained three electrons?
A. Lithium
B. Nitrogen
C. Argon
D. Boron
Answers
Answer:
Octet Rule is defined as the chemical rule in which atoms tend to form bonds in such a way that it completes its valence shell or tend to achieve the configuration of a noble gas.
Explanation:
The lithium is chemical element, which has atomic number 3. It has one valence electron in its outermost shell, therefore, it will require 7 more electrons to complete its octet.
The element nitrogen has the atomic number 7, such that it has 5 valence electrons in its outer most shell. Therefore, it will require 3 more electrons to complete its octet.
The noble gas Argon have complete octet, such that it does not require any electrons to complete its octet. the gas is inert and non-reactive.
The chemical element Boron has atomic number 5, such that it has three electrons in its outer most shell. Therefore, it will require 5 more electrons to complete its octet.
Hence, the correct option is Nitrogen.
To answer this question, we will have to make reference to the octet rule in chemistry whereby atoms lose, gain or even share electrons in order to achieve the configuration of a noble gas nearest to it on the periodic table.
From the octet rule, the first shell of elements can accommodate a maximum of two electrons, while the second and third can accommodate a maximum of 8 each while the fourth can accommodate a maximum of 2.
The element that would have a full outer shell of electrons if it gained three electrons is NITROGEN.
A. The element Lithium from the periodic table has atomic number of 3.
This means that the first shell can take a maximum of 2 thereby leaving only one for the second and outermost shell. For it to become a noble gas, it will need to gain 7 electrons in its second shell to achieve the maximum of 8
B. The element nitrogen from the periodic table has an atomic number of 7. This means that after the first shell, it will have 5 electrons left in its outermost shell. For it to become a noble gas, it will need to gain 3 electrons in its outermost shell to achieve the maximum of 8 electrons
C. The element Argon from the periodic table is a noble gas with atomic number of 18 and from the definition of the octet rule, it doesn't require more electrons in it's outermost shell.
D. The element Boron from the periodic table has an atomic number of 5. This means that after the first shell, it will have 3 electrons left in its outermost shell. For it to become a noble gas, it will need to gain 5 electrons in its outermost shell to achieve the maximum of 8 electrons
Thus, the correct answer is Nitrogen which is Option B.
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What is the kinetic energy of a car with a mass of 1,6000 kg moving at 20 m/s
Answers
Answer:
3.2 MJ or 3200KJ or 3200000J
Explanation:
To calculate the Kinetic energy, we use the following formula:
\( \alpha ke \: = \frac{1}{2} m {v}^{2} \)
Where, ∆KE = change in kinetic energy
m = mass
v = velocity
From our question, we have
m = 16000 kg
v = 20 m/s
Substitute the values into the equation gives,
\(ke \: = \: \frac{1}{2} \: \times \: 16000 \: \times \: {20}^{2} \\ = 3200000 \: joules\)
Therefore, the Kinetic energy of the car
∆KE = 3200000 J = 3200 KJ = 3.2 MJ
And we have the solution to our problem.
which formulas represent compounds that are isomers of each other?
Answers
Answer:
Option D.
Explanation:
Isomerism is a phenomenon where by two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural patterns. The compounds involved are called isomers.
Option A has two different compound with two different molecular formula. Hence they are not isomers.
Option B has two different compound with two different molecular formula. Hence they are not isomers
Option C can not be called isomers because Isomerism can not occur in compound having just 1 carbon atom.
Option D has two different compound with the same molecular formula as C3H8O and their structure are different. Hence they areisomers.
Calculate the speed for a car that went a distance of 150 kilometers in 2 hours time. btw this is science
Answers
Answer:
The speed of the car is 75 km per hour
Explanation:
Speed is distance over time so 150 km divided by 2 hours is 75km per hour.
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A mothball, composed of naphthalene (C10H8) has a mass of 1.86 g. How many naphthalene molecules does it contain? Express your answer in molecules to three significant figures.
Answers
Answer:
1.476 mol molecules
Explanation:
How can the shape of a molecule determine its polarity.
Answers
Answer:
Letter D
Explanation:
Predict the ground‑state electron configuration of each ion. Use the abbreviated noble gas notation. Cr2+ : Cu2+ : Co3+ :
Answers
The Ground state electronic configuration of Cr2+:[Ar] 3d4, Cu2+: [Ar] 3d9, Co3+: [Ar] 3d6
Electronic configuration, sometimes referred to as electronic structure or electron configuration, is the arrangement of electrons in orbitals that surround an atomic nucleus.
1. Cr2+
Atomic no.of Chromium(Cr)=24
a ground state Chromium's electronic structure is as follows: [Ar] 4s1 3d5 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
(Atomic no.of [Ar](argon) = 18)
so,ground state electronic configuration for Cr2+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d4 =[Ar] 3d4
so, ground state electronic configuration of Cr2+:
[Ar] 3d4
2. Cu2+
Atomic number of Copper(Cu)= 29
Ground state electronic configuration of Cu:
[Ar] 4s1 3d10
so, ground state electronic configuration of Cu2+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d9 = [Ar] 3d9
so,electronic configuration of Cu2+:
[Ar] 3d9
3.Co3+
Atomic number of Cobalt(Co)=27
Ground state electronic configuration of Co:
[Ar] 4s2 3d7
so,electronic configuration of Co3+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d6 = [Ar] 3d6
So,electronic configuration of Co3+:
[Ar] 3d6
Therefore the Ground state electronic configuration of
Cr2+:[Ar] 3d4, Cu2+: [Ar] 3d9, Co3+: [Ar] 3d6
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Baking soda has a pH of 8. Its a(n) _________ substance
Acid
Neutral
Alkaline
Powdery
(god bless!! have a wonderful and blessed day!!! i love you!! and dont forget no matter what god loves you too!!!
Answers
Answer:
it's an acid
Explanation:
because itis soda
What is the percent by volume of alcohol, in a solution containing 24 mL of alcohol dissolved in 90 mL of water?
Answers
Answer:
use this formula it will help u .
Explanation:
If 60 ml of ethanol is diluted to a final volume of 400 ml, you create a 35 % ethanol solution.
First, realize that you creating a solution with that contains a polar solute (ethanol) with a polar solvent (water). Remember that "like dissolves like."
If you pour 60 ml of ethanol in a volumetric flask, you add 340 ml of water to dilute this solution to a final volume of 400 ml.
Volumetric flasks are designed to make or dilute solutions to specified final volume.
Since you have 60 ml of ethanol in a total solution of 400 ml, the percentage of ethanol is 35 %.
This result is obtained in the following manner.
ml/400. ml. = .35
.35 x 100% = 35 %
How can you use chemical formulas to determine if a change is chemical or physical?
Answers
Answer: Chemical changes cause a substance to change into an entirely substance with a new chemical formula.
Physical changes only change the appearance of a substance, not its chemical composition.
Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions.
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1. which of the following statements is(are) true? explain. a. oxidation and reduction cannot occur independently of each other. b. oxidation and reduction accompany all chemical reactions. c. a substanc
Answers
Oxidation and reduction are always coupled and cannot occur independently of each other.
Oxidation and reduction accompany all chemical reactions: This statement is not true. While oxidation and reduction are common in many chemical reactions, not all reactions involve these processes. Some chemical reactions do not involve any change in the oxidation state of the elements involved, and therefore, oxidation and reduction do not accompany those reactions. However, when oxidation or reduction does occur, it is often an important aspect of the reaction and can play a significant role in the overall process. These processes are interconnected because the electrons lost in the oxidation reaction must be gained by the substance undergoing reduction.
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If half of the moon is always illuminated why does its appearance from earth change?
Answers
Answer:
The different angles the moon has from sunlight to the earth
Explanation:
The appearance of the moon changes from the earth because Sun lights up the different parts of the moon as the moon circles around the earth.
Why does the moon have phases?The Moon revolves around the earth at an average distance of 382,400 kilometers. Moon takes the lunar month 29.53 days to go from one new moon to the next. The Moon goes through all its phases during the lunar month.
Half of the Moon just like the earth is lit by the Sun while the other half is in dark. The dark side of the moon which does not light by the Sun. We only see the Moon because sunlight reflects from the surface of the moon back to us. The Moon circles once around the Earth during the course of a month.
As the moon revolves around the earth, the amount of the lit side changes and the location of the earth, moon, and sun. These changes are responsible for the different phases of the Moon. The appearance of the moon from the earth changes with them.
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explain what would have happened if you had used onl the more polar eluent in this experiment
Answers
Use of a more polar eluent can impact the separation and elution behavior of compounds in chromatography, favoring polar compounds and potentially affecting the resolution and selectivity of the analysis.
If only the more polar eluent was used in the experiment, several outcomes could be expected:
Increased Solubility: The more polar eluent would have higher solubility for polar compounds, enhancing their dissolution and movement through the chromatographic system. This would result in faster elution of polar compounds and potentially better separation between different components in the sample.
Reduced Retention: The more polar eluent would have a stronger interaction with the stationary phase, leading to decreased retention time for non-polar or weakly polar compounds. This could cause these compounds to elute quickly without adequate separation, resulting in poor resolution of the target analytes.
Decreased Selectivity: Since the more polar eluent has a greater affinity for polar compounds, it might not efficiently separate compounds with similar polarities. This could lead to co-elution of compounds or insufficient separation between closely related analytes.
Elution Order Changes: In some cases, the more polar eluent could cause a reversal in the elution order of compounds compared to a less polar eluent. This means that compounds that previously eluted early might now elute later and vice versa, altering the overall chromatographic profile.
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Differentiate between physical and chemical change
Answers
Explanation:
Physical Change is a type of change where by no new chemical substance is formed. Physical changes are reversible. whilst Chemical change is a change where new chemical substance is always formed. Chemical changes are usually irreversible.
Examples of Physical Change include;
Melting of Ice
Melting of Candle
Grinding of chalk
Magnetization of Iron
Examples of Chemical Change includes;
Cooking of food
Rusting of Iron
Burning of Charcoal
"Human activities that disrupt the carbon cycle include the burning of fossil fuels. Which statement best summarizes this disruption?
a) burning fossil fuels increases the energy stored in carbon compounds
b) burning fossil fuels adds carbon compounds to all earth systems.
c) burning fossil fuels transforms carbon from compounds to its element form.
d) burning fossil fuels causes other processes of the carbon cycle to occur at a faster rate.
e) burning fossil fuels shifts carbon compounds from the geosphere to the atmosphere"
Answers
Human activities that disrupt the carbon cycle include the burning of fossil fuels. The statement that best summarizes the disruption of the carbon cycle due to the burning of fossil fuels is: b) Burning fossil fuels adds carbon compounds to all Earth systems.
When fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are burned, carbon that has been stored in these fuels for millions of years is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. This process significantly increases the amount of carbon compounds in Earth’s systems, including the atmosphere.
The burning of fossil fuels contributes to the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels, which is a major driver of anthropogenic climate change. The additional carbon compounds released from burning fossil fuels disrupt the natural balance of the carbon cycle by adding more carbon to the atmosphere than can be naturally absorbed by Earth’s systems. This leads to an accumulation of greenhouse gases and contributes to global warming and associated climate impacts. While other statements may partially describe the effects of burning fossil fuels on the carbon cycle, option b provides the most accurate and comprehensive summary of the disruption caused by this activity.
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explain how you would find the number of moles that are rpresented by a certaib nunver if reoresnetatuce oartuckes
Answers
To find the number of moles represented by a certain number of particles, you can use Avogadro's number and the concept of molar mass.
Avogadro's number (symbolized as N<sub>A</sub>) is a fundamental constant that represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in one mole of a substance. It is approximately equal to 6.022 × 10²³ particles/mole.
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in grams/mole. It represents the sum of the atomic masses or molecular masses of the constituent particles in a substance.
To calculate the number of moles, you can follow these steps;
Determine the number of particles you have (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.).
Identify the molar mass of the substance or the average molar mass if it's a mixture.
Divide the number of particles by Avogadro's number to convert them into moles. The formula is:
Moles = Number of Particles / Avogadro's number
Moles = Number of Particles / (6.022 ×10²³ particles/mole)
The result will give you the number of moles represented by the given number of particles.
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--The given question is incorrect, the correct question is
"Explain how you would find the number of moles that are represented by a certain number of representative particles."--
4 The Mr of sodium hydroxide is 40. How many grams of sodium hydroxide are there in: a 500 cm³ of a molar solution? b 25 cm³ of a 0.5 M solution?
Answers
There are 20 grams of Sodium hydroxide in a molar solution that has a volume of 500 cm3.
Sodium hydroxide – what is it? (NaOH)Caustic soda and lye are two other names for sodium hydroxide. It is a typical component of soaps and cleansers. Sodium hydroxide seems to be a white, unscented solid at room temperature. Sodium hydroxide is a colorless, odorless liquid. Strong acids and water can cause explosive reactions with it.
Molarity is calculated by
moles (solute) / volume of solution in L
No. of moles = mass / molar mass
We have to find mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
As we know, in 1 L (1000 cm³) of molar solution there is 40 gram of NaOH present.
From using this statement, 500 cm³ of a molar solution, means half liter of a molar solution contain -
= 40 / 2
= 20 gram of NaOH.
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Reaction Equations:_______CrO4-2 (aq) + _______ [Zn(OH)4]-2 (aq) --> __________
Answers
2CrO4^2- (aq) + [Zn(OH)4]^2- (aq) → [ZnCrO4] (s) + 4OH^- (aq)
How to balance a equation?The reactants are chromate ions (CrO4^2-) in aqueous solution and zinc hydroxide complex ions ([Zn(OH)4]^2-) in aqueous solution.
To balance the number of Cr atoms, we need to add a coefficient of 2 in front of CrO4^2-.
To balance the number of Zn atoms, we need to add a coefficient of 1 in front of [Zn(OH)4]^2-.
To balance the number of O atoms, we need to add a coefficient of 4 in front of OH^- on the right-hand side.
The final balanced equation is:
2CrO4^2- (aq) + [Zn(OH)4]^2- (aq) → [ZnCrO4] (s) + 4OH^- (aq)
This equation tells us that when chromate ions react with zinc hydroxide complex ions, a solid precipitate of zinc chromate ([ZnCrO4]) is formed, along with aqueous hydroxide ions (OH^-).
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Write equations for the reaction of 1 mol of selenic acid with 2 mol of potassium hydroxide.
Answers
The reaction of 1 mol of selenic acid with 2 mol of potassium hydroxide can be represented by the following balanced chemical equation: H2SeO4 + 2 KOH -> K2SeO4 + 2 H2O.
In this reaction, selenic acid (H2SeO4) reacts with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to form potassium selenate (K2SeO4) and water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation shows that 1 mol of selenic acid reacts with 2 mol of potassium hydroxide to produce 1 mol of potassium selenate and 2 mol of water. The coefficients in the balanced equation indicate the stoichiometric ratio between the reactants and products, which ensures that mass is conserved during the reaction. The reaction follows the law of conservation of mass, as the total number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
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Why aluminium chloride formula is AlCl3?
Answers
Aluminum chloride formula is AlCl3 because it is an ionic compound that is formed between aluminum cations (Al3+) and chloride anions (Cl-). In this compound, each aluminum ion donates three valence electrons to three chloride ions, forming three Al-Cl bonds.
Aluminum has three valence electrons in its outermost energy level, while chlorine has seven valence electrons. By gaining one electron from aluminum, each chlorine atom can complete its outermost energy level with eight electrons (an octet), following the octet rule. Each Al ion can bond with three Cl ions to complete the octet rule and form a stable compound. The resulting formula AlCl3 reflects the fact that each aluminum ion is bonded to three chloride ions, and each chloride ion is bonded to one aluminum ion.
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What reasons did the Pilgrims give for creating the Mayflower Compact?
to create a colony, establish a new church, and provide a long life for their children
to organize a new nation and create order, and for financial gain
to organize themselves, guarantee a long life for the colony, and achieve their goals in setting up the colony
“[To] Combine ourselves together into a Civil Body Politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid”
—Mayflower Compact
Answers
Answer:
To organize a new nation and create order and for financial gain.
Answer:
C the person above is wrong its
Explanation:
to organize themselves, guarantee a long life for the colony, and achieve their goals in setting up the colony
Explanation:
If you were to prepare a 3.5% solution of sodium bicarbonate in water that required the total mass of the solution to be 50 g, what would the mass of the sodium bicarbonate be?
Answers
Given data:
- mass % = 3.5%
- mass of solution = 50g
- mass of solute (sodium bicarbonate) = ?
In order to find the mass of solute we must use the next formula
\(mass\text{ \%}=\frac{mass\text{ of solute}}{mass\text{ of solution }}\cdot100\text{ \%}\)Since we need the mass of solute, we must solve the equation for mas of solute
\(\text{mass of solute}=\frac{mass\text{ \%}\cdot mass\text{ of solution}}{100\text{ \%}}\)Now, we must replace the values in the equation
\(\text{mass of solute }=\frac{3.5\text{ \%}\cdot50g}{100\text{ \%}}\)Finally, we must simplify
\(\text{mass of solute}=1.75g\)ANSWER:
The mass of the sodium bicarbonate is 1.75 g
Matter will come in two different types. What are they called?
Answers
Answer: They are called substances and mixtures
Explanation:
Answer:
pure substances and mixtures.
Explanation:
Matter can be broken down into two categories: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances are further broken down into elements and compounds. Mixtures are physically combined structures that can be separated into their original components. A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
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A cup holds 125 grams of liquid water and 100 grams of ice. What is a reasonable mass for the water in the cup after the ice melts
Answers
A reasonable mass for the water in the cup after the ice melts would be 225 grams.
When the ice melts, it undergoes a phase change from a solid to a liquid, while the total mass of the system remains constant.
The mass of the water in the cup after the ice melts would be the sum of the initial mass of the liquid water and the mass of the ice.
Initial mass of liquid water = 125 grams
Mass of ice = 100 grams
The total mass of water after ice melts = Initial mass of liquid water + Mass of ice
Total mass of water = 125 grams + 100 grams = 225 grams
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the third law of thermodynamics describes the entropy of a: select the correct answer below: solid liquid gas all of the above
Answers
The third law of thermodynamics describes the entropy of a: solid.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure crystalline substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius). This law implies that at absolute zero, a perfectly ordered and pure crystalline solid will have zero entropy.
The third law of thermodynamics is not specific to liquids or gases but applies to solids. In a solid, the molecules are highly ordered and have fixed positions in a regular lattice structure. As the temperature decreases towards absolute zero, the thermal motion of the molecules reduces, and the system becomes more ordered, resulting in a decrease in entropy.
In contrast, liquids and gases have higher entropy compared to solids at absolute zero because their molecules have more freedom of movement and are not as tightly arranged. Therefore, the third law of thermodynamics specifically addresses the entropy of solids and does not apply to liquids or gases.
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Which substance will most likely dissociate when it is dissolved in water?
O NO2
O N2F6
O CaCl2
O C6H1206
Answers
Answer:
the answer is C
Explanation:
i got it right on edge
The ions are able to move freely from one place to another. So that they conduct electricity. The ionic compounds conduct electricity. The correct option is C.
What is an ionic compound?The compounds which are made up of ions which can form charged particles when an atom gains or loses electrons are defined as the ionic compounds. A cation is regarded as the positively charged ion whereas the anion is a negatively charged ion.
The ionic compounds when dissolved in water can conduct electricity. When dissolved in water they form their respective ions. In aqueous state the ions are able to move freely.
Here CaCl₂ is an ionic compound and produce Ca²⁺ ans 2 Cl⁻ ions when dissolved in water. Thus it conduct electricity and behaves as a strong electrolyte.
Hence among the given compounds CaCl₂ is ionic all the other are covalent. So does not conduct electricity.
Thus the correct option is C.
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A 100. 0 mL sample of natural water was titrated with NaOH. The titration required 13. 57 mL of 0. 1123 M NaOH solution to reach a light pink phenolphthalein end point. Calculate the number of millimoles of NaOH required for the titration
Answers
A 100.0 mL sample of natural water was titrated with 13.57 mL of 0.1123 M Na OH solution to reach a light pink are the phenolphthalein end point. The number of millimoles of Na OH required for the titration is 1.525011 millimoles. Titration is a technique used in chemistry
to identify the quantity of a substance by adding a reactant until the chemical reaction is completed. In titration, a solution of known concentration (the titrant) reacts with a solution of unknown concentration (the analyte) to determine its concentration. Titration of natural water with Na OH In this case, we are titrating natural water with Na OH to find the concentration of the unknown solution. The balanced chemical reaction for the titration of natural water with Na OH is:H2O + Na OH → Na+ + OH- + H2O
The volume of NaOH required to reach the end-point of the titration is 13.57 mL. The molarity of Na OH used for the titration is 0.1123 M. We can use the following formula to calculate the number of millimoles of Na OH required for the titration Millimoles of Na OH = (Volume of Na OH × Molarity of NaOH) / 1000Substitute the given values in the above equation and solve for the millimoles of Na OH required for the titration. Millimoles of Na OH = (13.57 mL × 0.1123 M) / 1000= 0.001525011 millimoles Therefore, the number of millimoles of NaOH required for the titration is 1.525011 millimoles.
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Start with solid argon and explain how to make argon change to the liquid state and then to the gaseous state
Answers
Starting with solid argon at room temperature, we need to cool it to -189.2 c to convert it into the liquid state.
Then, we need to heat it slightly till it reaches a temperature of -185.7 c. At this temperature, the liquid argon will convert into gaseous argon.
There are three states of matter i.e, solid state, liquid state, and gaseous state. These states are interconvertible which means that we can convert a substance from one state to another.
The conversion from solid to liquid and then gas or vice versa happens at specific temperatures that are known as boiling point, melting point, freezing point, etc.
The melting point is the temperature at which a solid gets converted into a liquid.
The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid gets converted into a gas.
The melting and boiling points of Argon are -189.2 °C and -185.7 °C respectively.
Thus, starting with solid argon at room temperature, we need to cool it to -189.2 °C to convert it into the liquid state.
Then, we need to heat it slightly till it reaches a temperature of -185.7 °C. At this temperature, the liquid argon will convert into gaseous argon.
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