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How are both stability and change seen in properties of elements? ​

The spontaneity of a reaction is determined by the Gibbs free energy change (∆G), which is a measure of the system's ability to do work.

The equation that links ∆G, ∆H, and ∆S is: ∆G = ∆H - T∆S, where T is the temperature in Kelvin and ∆H and ∆S are the enthalpy and entropy changes, respectively. The signs of ∆H and ∆S determine whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic and whether it is entropy-driven or enthalpy-driven, respectively.

If ∆G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, meaning it occurs without the input of energy.The given reaction has a ∆H of 23.25 kJ and a ∆S of 161.26 J/mol∙K.

First, we need to convert the units of ∆S from J/mol∙K to kJ/mol∙K by dividing by 1000.∆S = 161.26 J/mol∙K ÷ 1000 = 0.16126 kJ/mol∙K Substitute the values into the equation to determine the spontaneity of the reaction:

∆G = ∆H - T∆S∆G = (23.25 kJ) - (298 K) x (0.16126 kJ/mol∙K)∆G = 23.25 kJ - 48.02 kJ∆G = -24.77 kJ Since ∆G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous.

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Answer:

Brass and bronze are both metal alloys, which means they are a combination of two or more different metals. Brass is composed of copper and zinc, whereas bronze is made up of copper and tin, sometimes with other elements such as phosphorus or aluminium added in.

Answer:

Both brass and bronze are metal alloys, which are made up of two or more distinct metals. Brass is comprised of copper and zinc, while bronze is formed of copper and tin, with the addition of phosphorous or aluminum.

Explanation:

Hope it helps;)

Answer:

B. thoughts . . . emotions .

Answer:

B. thoughts ... emotions

Explanation:

Confirming answer above me, edge 2022

The product of electrolysis : Al at cathode and Cl₂(chlorine) at anode

Given

Aluminum chloride compound

Required

The product of electrolysis

Solution

The rule :

The reaction at the cathode(the negative pole) :

1. the reduced active metal is water, other than that the metal will be reduced

2. H⁺ of the acid will be reduced

The reaction at the anode((the positive pole) :

1. if the electrodes are not inert then the metal is oxidized

2. If inert then:

a. OH⁻ from the base will be oxidized

b. The halogen metal will oxidize

In the electrolysis of molten AlCl₃ with an inert electrode, the cation will be reduced at the cathode and the anion will be oxidized at the anode

Cathode : Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ ⇒ Al(s)

Anode : 2Cl⁻⇒Cl₂(g) + 2e⁻

The conclusion is that chloride does not emit light in visible range.

As per the image, we can see the differentiating factors are the metal ions. With different metals, the chloride salt gives different flame colour.

As we know, all the electrons absorb energy and emit it while returning from excited state to ground state. The wavelength of this emitted energy is perceived by us as colours.We can state that these colours are of metals and chloride ions themself do not emit colour in visible range.

Also, metal salts of chlorine are volatile. The metal chloride vapourises quickly and hence is suitable for the detection of metal ions.

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The image is attached in the diagram..

Answer:

Acidic                       Neutral                      Basic

apple juice : 3      chocolate milk : 7      hand soap : 10

mouthwash : 5                                          tap water : 8

shampoo : 6

Explanation:

correct on edge 2021

Acidic                                        

apple juice : 3      

mouthwash : 5                                          

shampoo : 6

Neutral          

chocolate milk : 7  

Basic

hand soap : 10

tap water : 8

In chemistry, something that's acidic has a low pH, as opposed to a base, which has a higher pH. Various kinds of acids and vinegar are also acidic. The word comes from acid, which originally meant "of the taste of vinegar," from the Latin word acidus, "sour or sharp."

Not taking part or giving assistance in a dispute or war between others.

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The molecule that is nonpolar is SeO₃ (option D).

Polarity of a molecule refers to the dipole-dipole intermolecular forces between the slightly positively-charged end of one molecule to the negative end of another or the same molecule.

A nonpolar molecule is one whose charge distribution is spherically symmetric when averaged over time. Examples are carbondioxide, carbon tetrachloride etc.

The trigonal planar shape of SeO₃ is symmetrical, hence, SeO₃ lewis dot structure is non-polar with an overall zero net dipole moment.

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Plastic pollution refers to the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment, which can cause harm to wildlife, ecosystems, and humans. This pollution can take various forms, including plastic bags, bottles, packaging, and microplastics, which are small pieces of plastic that have broken down from larger plastic items. Plastic pollution can enter the environment through various means, such as littering, improper disposal, and industrial runoff. It is a growing environmental issue that poses a significant threat to the health of the planet and its inhabitants.

Answer:

plastic pollution refers to the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment that harms wildlife, ecosystems, and human health. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose and is often ingested by animals or broken down into microplastics, which can enter the food chain and cause further damage.

The combination of beads should the student use for  the model :2 green, 3 blue and 12 yellow

In the chemical formula of a compound there are numbers:

1. The number indicates the number of atoms written after the element symbol

2. The number after the parentheses represents the number multiplied by the number of atoms in parentheses.

3. The number before the chemical formula shows the number of molecules behind it, which is usually used in equations

To calculate the beads needed to make a model, we must count the number of atoms of the Al₂(SO₄)₃ molecule

In the Al₂ (SO₄) ₃ molecule there are 3 atoms : Al, S, and O

So the combination of beads

2 green(for Al), 3 blue(for S) and 12 yellow(for O)

Answer:

2 blue, 3 yellow, and 12 green

Explanation:

The atomic number (Z) of Iminium (Im) is 125, and since alpha decay results in the loss of 2 protons, Z will decrease by 2, giving a value of 123 for the newly formed element.

After a decay event by alpha decay, the Iminium (Im) atom with atomic number 125 (Z) and atomic mass number 282 (A) will change. Alpha decay involves the loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons from the nucleus. Therefore, the new values for A and Z will be:

- New atomic number (Z) = 125 - 2 = 123
- New atomic mass number (A) = 282 - 4 = 278

So, the atom that was formerly 282Im will now have an atomic number (Z) of 123 and an atomic mass number (A) of 278.

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Answer:

the input force would be 75 N

Explanation:

if the output force is 150 N you divide that in half which leaves with 75 N !! :)

Answer:

The temperature will not be affected directly

Explanation:

The solar radiation has a direct effect on the outer surface and inner part of the earth but  an increase by 20% of the solar radiation will not cause the temperature of the Earth's mantle to increase because the factors that heat up the Earth's mantle are : Friction between core materials that sink into the center of the planet and Heat from decay of radioactive materials

Answer:

to release free nitrogen into the atmosphere. This is the answer.

Answer:

to convert free nitrogen into usable nitrogen

Explanation:

got it right on the test boi

The matter is moved from plants (producers) to animals (consumers) in an ecosystem. In contrast, bacteria and certain animals act as decomposers that degrade organic molecules to be used during this process.

The flow of matter is a complex process in which all organisms in an ecosystem interact in order to provide matter and energy to all trophic levels that compose such ecosystem.

In the flow of matter, plants act as producers of carbohydrates and other materials which are used by animals (i.e. the consumers). Finally, decomposers such as bacteria and certain invertebrates degrade organic molecules into simpler ones.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the flow of matter refers to how matter passes form producers to consumers and decomposers.

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A current of 1.4 amp must be provided for approximately 635.71 seconds, or about 10.59 minutes, to deliver 890 coulombs of charge.

The time required to deliver a certain amount of charge is directly proportional to the amount of charge and inversely proportional to the current.

We can use the formula:

charge (Q) = current (I) x time (t)

to solve for the time required. Rearranging the formula gives:time (t) = charge (Q) / current (I)

Substituting the given values, we get:

time (t) = 890 coulombs / 1.4 amp = 635.71 seconds

Therefore, a current of 1.4 amp must be provided for approximately 635.71 seconds, or about 10.59 minutes, to deliver 890 coulombs of charge.

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A current of 1.4 amps must be provided for 635 seconds (or approximately 10.6 minutes) to deliver 890 coulombs.

To deliver 890 coulombs with a current of 1.4 amps, we can use the formula:

Q = I x t

where Q is the charge in coulombs, I is the current in amperes, and t is the time in seconds.

We need to find t, so we can rearrange the formula to solve for t:

t = Q / I

Plugging in the values we have:

t = 890 coulombs / 1.4 amps

t = 635 seconds


To find the time (in minutes) needed to deliver 890 Coulombs with a current of 1.4 Amps, use the formula Q = I*t, where Q is the charge in Coulombs, I is the current in Amps, and t is the time in seconds.

1. First, solve for t: t = Q/I
2. Plug in the values: t = 890/1.4
3. Calculate t: t ≈ 635.71 seconds

To convert seconds to minutes, divide by 60:

4. t ≈ 635.71/60
5. t ≈ 10.595 minutes

So, a current of 1.4 Amps must be provided for approximately 10.595 minutes to deliver 890 Coulombs.

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Out of the chemicals listed, the only one that is considered an irritant is A. HCI. HCI, or hydrochloric acid, is a strong acid that can cause irritation and burns if it comes into contact with the skin or eyes.

NaHCO3, or sodium bicarbonate, is a mild alkaline compound commonly used in baking and is not typically considered an irritant. T-pentyl chloride is a type of organic compound that can be harmful if ingested or inhaled but is not necessarily considered an irritant. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is A.

HCI. It's important to handle all chemicals with caution and to be aware of their potential hazards and safety guidelines when working with them, especially when handling substances.

Among the chemicals listed, A. HCl (hydrochloric acid) is considered an irritant. When in contact with skin, eyes, or respiratory system, HCl can cause irritation, burns, or other harmful effects. The other chemicals, B. NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) and C. t-pentyl chloride, are not considered irritants in the same way. Sodium bicarbonate is a mild alkali used in various applications, including baking and antacids, while t-pentyl chloride is an organic compound used as a reagent in laboratories. Thus, the correct answer to your question is A. HCl.

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Answer: The concentration in the blood is lower

Explanation:

a. solar energy

the earth is warmed by the sun, which is solar (or infrared).

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The high humidity, in conjunction with warm temperatures, creates massive amounts of warm, moist air rising into the atmosphere, where it can easily form a thunderstorm. As the process of evaporation and condensation occurs, these droplets collide with other moisture that is condensing as it rises.

For an FCC crystal: calculate the density of atoms (atoms/a² where a is the lattice constant) for the (100), (110) and (111) planesThe unit cell of a FCC crystal is shown below:Here, each corner atom contributes 1 atom, and each face atom contributes 1/2 atoms.

For (100) plane:Length of unit cell along (100) plane direction = a Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²Density of atoms for (100) plane = 4 / a²For (110) plane:Length of unit cell along (110) plane direction = a√2Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a x a√2Density of atoms for (110) plane = 2 x 2 / (a x a√2) = 4√2 / a²

For (111) plane:Length of unit cell along (111) plane direction = a√3Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²√3/2 Density of atoms for (111) plane = 3 x 4 / (a²√3) = 4√3 / a²Hence, the density of atoms for the (100), (110) and (111) planes in an FCC crystal are as follows:For (100) plane: 4 / a²For (110) plane: 4√2 / a²For (111) plane: 4√3 / a².

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Serving as a coolant, lubricant, and solvent are all functions of water.

Water serves as a lubricant. water makes up a saliva and the fluids around the joints. water is also the most common coolant .water is best suited for the heat transfer medium because of the its high heat capacity value and the low cost make value. water is also called as the universal solvent. water dissolves more substance than any other liquid will dissolved. water is a polar molecule with having the partially positives and the negative charges.

Thus, Serving as a coolant, lubricant, and solvent are all functions of water.

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Answer:

The Lewis structure of CH3OCH3 is dimethyl ether, the simplest ether in existence

Explanation:

When placed in water, acids, bases, and salts dissociate (separate) into electrolytes (ions). Salts dissociate into a cation (that is not H+) and an anion (that is not OH-), whereas acids and bases dissociate into H+ and an anion. An acid separates into anions and hydrogen ions (H+). Strong acids produce a high concentration of H+ by dissociating every single one of their molecules . Water-based solutions,

Acid:

When a material or chemical is in solution, it releases hydrogen ions (H+), which are known as acids. All hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-), which are normally bound together by ionic bonding, dissociate (separate) in water when exposed to a strong acid like hydrochloric acid (HCl). Only some ions disintegrate into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in a weak acid like carbonic acid (H2CO3), while others are still bound together by ionic bonds.

Define base?

A base is a chemical that, when in solution, emits hydroxyl ions -{OH). We can also define a base as a substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-), which mix with any hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution to generate water molecules (OH- + H+ = H2O).

Therefore, a substance that receives or accepts hydrogen ions (H+) that are already present in the solution qualifies as a base.

Because it totally dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxyl ions (OH-) when placed in water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which is a strong base, is now liberated and dissolves in water.

c

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The molecular ion peak on a mass spectrum represents the ionized molecular weight of the compound being analyzed.

In the case of benzene, which has a molecular weight of 78 g/mol, we would expect to find the molecular ion peak at a mass-to-charge ratio (m/e) of 78. Therefore, the correct answer to this question would be d) 78 m/e. The molecular ion peak is often the highest peak in the spectrum, and it represents the intact molecule that has not undergone fragmentation. It is useful for identifying the molecular weight of the compound being analyzed and can also provide information about the degree of isotopic substitution in the molecule. It should be noted that the molecular ion peak is not always present in a mass spectrum, particularly if the compound is easily fragmented or if the ionization conditions are not optimized. Overall, the molecular ion peak is an important feature of a mass spectrum and can provide valuable information about the identity and structure of the compound being analyzed.

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Answer:

No because it's located inside the nucleus of the atom

hope this helps

have a good day :)

Explanation: