Based on the nature ofbthe reaction, entropy (ΔS) increases while enthalpy (ΔH) decreases.
What are entropy and enthalpy changes?Entropy changes, ΔS, refers to change in the degree of the disorderliness of a substance.
When substances become more random, entropy increases and vice versa.
For example, change of state from solid to liquid or gas results in increase in entropy.
Enthalpy changes, ΔH, refers to the changes in heat content of a substance, either a decrease or increase.
Enthalpy is negative when heat is lost and positive ehen heat is gained.
The enthalpy and entropy changes in the given reaction below is as follows:
2CaO(s) + H2O(l) —> 2Ca(OH)2(s)
Entropy, ΔS increases as the substance dissolves in water.
Enthalpy, ΔH, decreases as the substances gives off heat.
Therefore, in the given reaction entropy (ΔS) increases while enthalpy (ΔH) decreases.
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Help I Will Mark Brainlist !! (ATTACHED IMAGE BELOW) Which of the diagrams below would be the FASTEST? _____ Why? Which of the diagrams below would be the SLOWEST? ____ Why?
Answer:
Fastest C. Reaction time is faster
Slowest A. Reaction time is slower and it takes longer to finish
Explanation:
Someone please help me with 20 points and answer all my other questions (2 Questions) That's almost 35 points you can get. Please help. Thanks
Suggest which elements have these atomic weights (Relative atomic masses)
A) 45 B) 68 C) 70 D) 180
Answer:
A) Scandium
B)
C) Gallium
D
If I have 21 moles of gas held at a pressure of 78 atm and a temperature of 901 K, what is the volume of the gas?
n this questions certain
a
r
e
g
i
v
e
n
,
of moles ,n = 21 mol, Pressure P = 78 atm, Temperature T = 900 K, Volume V = ?
We have to calculate the volume of the given moles of gas at specific temperature and pressure.
Using Ideal Gas equation;
PV = nRT
V = nRT /P ( R = gas constant = 0.08206 L atm
m
o
l
−
1
K
−
1
)
V= 21 mol x 0.08206 L atm
m
o
l
−
1
K
−
1
x 900K / 78 atm
V= 73.854 L atm / 78 atm = 0.946 L
what is the iupac name for the compound shown below h3c-ch2-ch-ch2
The IUPAC name for the compound H₃C-CH₂-CH-CH₂ is 3-methylbutane.
Let's break down the naming process step by step :
The compound has four carbon atoms, so the root name will be "butane." The longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule contains four carbon atoms.Next, we need to identify any substituents or side groups attached to the main chain. In this case, there is a methyl group (-CH3) attached to the third carbon atom. Since it is attached to the third carbon, we use the prefix "3-methyl."Putting it together, we have "3-methylbutane," which accurately describes the structure of the compound. The prefix "3-" indicates the position of the methyl group, and "butane" represents the four-carbon main chain.To know more about the IUPAC name refer here :
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Determine the equilibrium constant for the following reaction at 298 K. CIO(g) + O2(g) → Cl(g) + O3(8) AG° = 34.5 kJ/mol 0.986 4.98 x 10-4 8.96 x 10-7 5.66 x 105 1.12 x 106
the equilibrium constant for the given reaction at 298 K is 8.96 x 10^-7.
The equilibrium constant for the given reaction, CIO(g) + O2(g) → Cl(g) + O3(g), at 298 K can be determined using the Gibbs free energy of the reaction and the following equation:ΔG° = - RT lnK
where ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and K is the equilibrium constant.
The equation can be rearranged to solve for K:K = e^(-ΔG°/RT)where e is the natural logarithmic base, and all other variables are the same as in the previous equation.Substituting the given values,
we have:ΔG° = 34.5 kJ/molR = 8.314 J/(mol·K)T = 298 K
Using these values, we get:-
ΔG°/RT = (-34.5 × 10^3 J/mol) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) × 298 K)
= -13.19e^(-ΔG°/RT) = e^(-13.19) = 8.96 × 10^-7
Therefore, the equilibrium constant for the given reaction at 298 K is 8.96 x 10^-7.
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What is permafrost? a. dry desert soil c. ice on the tundra b. muddy soil d. soil that is always frozen
Answer:
d. soil that is always frozen
Explanation:
Permafrost is the layer of ground that remains frozen the complete year. Soil, rocks and sediments collectively together forms the permafrost. Such soil may remain frozen for a period of two or more than two years. A large part of the Earth's surface has been covered by the layer of permafrost. These are found mainly near the high mountains and especially near North and South poles.
How can you determine an atom's atomic mass?
Answer: I think you're supposed to add the protons and neutrons and then that's your answer. Sorry if I'm wrong :/
Explanation:
The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.453 amu. Which of chlorine's isotopes is more abundant. Chlorine 35 or chlorine 37. Why?
Is a solid-state hard drive more durable than a traditional hard disk drive?
Due to the lack of moving elements like actuator arms, SSDs are typically more resilient than HDDs in extreme and hostile settings. SSDs are more resistant to shocks, vibration, high temperatures, and magnetic fields than HDDs are.
SSDs win out over HDDs as long as cost isn't a deciding issue, especially since that current SSDs are nearly as reliable as HDDs. Today, HDDs are only better if you need to store a lot of data without accessing them frequently. Otherwise, an SSD offers better speed and a faster computing experience if you can afford the additional price.
Today's SSDs employ NAND flash memory in almost all models. NAND is not an acronym like many other names used in computers. Instead, it goes by the term "NOT AND" which is derived from its logic gate.
(For those who are interested, a NAND gate is a logic gate that only generates a false output if all of its inputs are true. A sequence of NAND gates' capacity to express any Boolean function is utilized by digital systems using logic circuits.)
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the liquid dispensed from a burette is called ___________. select one: solute water titrant analyte
The liquid dispensed from a burette is called titrant. What is burette? A burette is a laboratory equipment used in analytical chemistry to dispense volumes of liquid precisely and accurately. A burette is used to deliver a variable, measured amount of liquid, and it is calibrated to enable a scientist to determine the volume of liquid it contains to an accurate level. What is titrant? Titrant is a liquid substance with a known concentration. Titrant is used in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of an analyte (a chemical species under analysis). The amount of titrant required to react with a particular quantity of analyte is measured, and the concentration of the analyte is calculated from this titration.
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using are organic compounds made by living things
Answer:
The chemical compounds of living things are known as organic compound because of their association with organisms and because they are carbon-containing compounds, which are the compounds associated with life processes, are the subject matter of organic chemistry
Important marine autotrophs that have silica incorporated into their cell walls are: a. coccolithophorids. b. dinoflagellates.c. radiolarians.d. diatoms.
The autotrophs that have silica incorporated into their cell walls are diatoms. Option(D)
Diatoms are a type of microalgae found in both freshwater and marine environments. They have a unique external skeleton called a frustule, which is composed of silica.
The frustule provides structural support and protection to the diatom cell. Coccolithophorids, dinoflagellates, and radiolarians are other types of marine microorganisms but do not have silica in their cell walls.
Autotrophs are organisms capable of producing their own food using energy from sunlight (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemicals (chemosynthesis). They convert raw materials into organic compounds, serving as the primary producers in ecosystems.
Coccolithophorids are a group of single-celled algae found in marine environments. They are characterized by tiny calcified plates called coccoliths that cover their cell surface. These coccoliths play a role in carbon cycling and are significant contributors to marine sediment and biogeochemical processes.
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which is the correct order of reactivity (most reactive to least reactive) toward electrophilic aromatic substitution?
The correct order of reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution is:
b.) Phenol > benzene > chlorobenzene > benzoic acid
Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reactions due to the presence of the -OH group (hydroxyl group) attached to the benzene ring. The lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom in the -OH group can donate electron density to the ring, making it more nucleophilic and facilitating electrophilic attack.
Benzene, although less reactive than phenol, can still undergo electrophilic substitution reactions due to its aromaticity and delocalized electron system.
Chlorobenzene is less reactive than both phenol and benzene because the chlorine atom is an electron-withdrawing group. It withdraws electron density from the benzene ring, making it less nucleophilic and less prone to electrophilic substitution.
Benzoic acid is the least reactive among the options given. The carboxylic acid group (-COOH) is an even stronger electron-withdrawing group than the chlorine atom in chlorobenzene. It further reduces the electron density on the benzene ring, decreasing its reactivity towards electrophilic substitution.
Therefore, the correct order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution is option b.
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the complete question is:
The correct order of reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution is?
a.) Benzene > phenol > benzoic acid > chlorobenzene
b.) Phenol > benzene > chlorobenzene > benzoic acid
c.) Chlorobenzene > benzoic acid > phenol > benzene
d.) Benzoic acid > chlorobenzene > benzene > phenol
Someone help me please
Answer:
1 - Biometric
2- Unique
3 - Skin cells
4 - The latent
5 - basal
6 - buckling
Explanation:
please help me quick
Different rock and mineral ,soil profile
calcium hydride (cah2) reacts with water to form hydrogen gas: cah2(s) 2h2o(l) → ca(oh)2(aq) 2h2(g) how many grams of cah2 are needed to generate 48.0 l of h2 gas at a pressure of 0.888 atm and a temperature of 32°c?
To generate 48.0 L of H2 gas at 0.888 atm and 32°C, approximately 30.3 grams of CaH2 are needed according to the given conditions and calculations using the Ideal Gas Law and stoichiometry.
To determine the grams of calcium hydride (CaH2) required to produce 48.0 L of hydrogen gas at a pressure of 0.888 atm and a temperature of 32°C, we employ the Ideal Gas Law. Firstly, converting the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin yields 305.15 K. Using the equation PV = nRT, where P represents pressure, V signifies volume, n denotes moles, R represents the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L*atm/(mol*K)), and T signifies temperature in Kelvin.
Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we find n ≈ 1.44 moles. By employing the balanced chemical equation, we determine that 0.72 moles of CaH2 are required, as 1 mole of CaH2 produces 2 moles of H2. Finally, using the molar mass of CaH2 (approximately 42.1 g/mol), we find that the quantity of CaH2 needed is roughly 30.3 grams.
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Two liquids whose boiling points differ considerably can be separated from their mixture by
Answer:
heating the mixture until one liqiid remains
Explanation:
This is because the liquids have different boiling points there fore meaning that one liquid will evaporate begore the other
Where would we commonly see volcanoes or volcanic activity? a only divergent boundaries b only convergent boundaries c only transform boundaries d Commonly at divergent and convergent boundaries but sometimes at transform boundaries e Commonly at convergent and transform boundaries but sometimes at divergent boundaries
Answer:
d. Commonly at divergent and convergent boundaries but sometimes at transform boundaries
Explanation:
Volcanism is mostly associated with the convergent boundaries that are subduction zones and occurs at divergent boundaries. Which marks the creation and destruction of the plates when upon collision sink down deep into the mantel and this rarely occurs at transform boundaries.What mass of HCI is needed to generate 45.2 g of AlCl3?
2AI + 6HCI → 2AICI3 + 3H2
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 37.08 grams of HCl are needed to generate 45.2 g of AlCl₃.
Reaction stoichiometryThe balanced reaction is:
2 Al + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl₃ + 3 H₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 2 molesHCl: 6 molesAlCl₃: 2 molesH₂: 3 molesMass of HCl requiredBeing the molar mass of AlCl₃ 133.33 g/mole and if 45.2 g are generated, the moles of AlCl₃ generated is calculated as:
moles of AlCl₃= 45.2 g÷ 133.33 g/mole
moles of AlCl₃= 0.339 moles
Now, the following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 2 moles of AlCl₃ are produced by 6 moles of HCl, 0.339 moles of AlCl₃ are produced by how many moles of HCl?
moles of HCl= (0.339 moles of AlCl₃× 6 moles of HCl) ÷2 moles of AlCl₃
moles of HCl= 1.017 moles
Being the molar mass of HCl 36.46 g/mole, the mass of HCl needed is calculated as:
mass of HCl= 1.017 moles× 36.46 g/mole
mass of HCl= 37.08 grams
Finally, 37.08 grams of HCl are required.
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Which of the following is not a property of nonmetals?
excellent electrical conductor
semiconductor
found on the right side of the periodic table
solids tend to be dull and brittle
Answer:
Excellent Electrical Conductors.
Explanation:
(Though I believe some of these answers could be worded better), Most non-metals are terrible conductors of electricity and heat. Nonmetals in solid forms lack luster and can be brittle, and there are semiconductors compared to Metals.
Answer:
Excellent Electrical Conductor, I believe.
Explanation:
Most metals are good electric conductors...
Id wait until somebody else answers to verify my answer.
1. What are the 3 prevailing winds?
what is the purpose of adding an indicator during an acid-base titration?
An indicator is added during an acid-base titration to visually indicate the endpoint of the titration. The endpoint is the point at which the acid and base have completely reacted with each other in stoichiometric amounts, resulting in a neutral solution.
During the titration, the acid and base are gradually added to each other until the endpoint is reached. At this point, the indicator changes color, indicating that the neutralization reaction is complete and the titration can be stopped.
The purpose of adding an indicator is to make it easier to determine the endpoint of the titration. Without an indicator, it can be difficult to determine when the neutralization reaction is complete. The indicator changes color at or very near the endpoint, providing a clear visual signal that the reaction is complete.
Different indicators are used depending on the type of acid-base titration being performed. For example, phenolphthalein is commonly used as an indicator in acid-base titrations because it changes color in the pH range of 8.2 to 10, which is near the endpoint of many acid-base titrations.
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What does the statement mean: "You are as safe as the least safe person in the laboratory"?
Based on laboratory safety protocols, statement "You are as safe as the least safe person in the laboratory" means that the person is not completely safe.
What is safety?Safety refers to the state where an individual or a person is free from danger or harm.
Safety is essential to all individuals in order to ensure that the individual is thriving.
There are several forms of safety that is related to an individual being safe.
The forms of safety may include:
Workplace or occupational safetySafety in the homeSafety at schoolLaboratory safety.In order to ensure that an individual is safe, safety procedures and protocols are put in place which people must follow in order to be safe in their environment.
In the laboratory, because of the presence of hazardous chemical, it is important that safety protocols are followed. Some safety protocols in the laboratory include:
always wear lab coatswear safety gogglesdo not eat in the laboratoryTherefore, the statement "You are as safe as the least safe person in the laboratory" means that the individual is not safe.
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When products are being made as quickly as reactants, the reaction is said to have reached... what?
Answer: Equilibrium
Explanation:
The reactions which do not go on completion and in which the reactant forms product and the products goes back to the reactants simultaneously are known as equilibrium reactions.
For a chemical equilibrium reaction, equilibrium state is achieved when the rate of forward reaction becomes equals to rate of the backward reaction which means the products are being made as quickly as reactants
Equilibrium state is the state when reactants and products are present but the concentrations does not change with time.
Answer:
monke
Explanation:
because my mum told me we are all monke
Identify the spectator ions in this reaction. Check all that apply.
H+ + CN + Li+ + OH → Lit + CN + H₂O
он+
O CN-
O Lit
OH-
H₂O
Answer:
The spectator ions are CN- and Li+
Explanation:
Spectator ions are ions in a chemical equation that don't participate in the reaction. To identify these ions you have to look for which ions are on both sides of the chemical equation.
In this chemical equation Li+ and CN- are on both sides of the equation making them spectator ions.
write balanced equation for cell cu(s) cu2 (aq) fe3 (aq) pt(s)
The correct balanced redox reaction for the given electrochemical cell is: Cu(s) + 2Fe3+(aq) → Cu2+(aq) + 2Fe2+(aq)
What is Redox Reaction?
A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons between two species. It involves the simultaneous occurrence of a reduction process (gain of electrons) and an oxidation process (loss of electrons).
In a redox reaction, one species acts as the reducing agent by donating electrons, while the other species acts as the oxidizing agent by accepting electrons.
In the given electrochemical cell, we have a platinum (Pt) electrode serving as an inert conductor. The left side of the cell is the anode, where Cu(s) (copper metal) is oxidized to Cu2+(aq) ions. The right side of the cell is the cathode, where Fe3+(aq) (iron(III) ions) are reduced to Fe2+(aq) ions. The salt bridge (represented by 'Il') allows the flow of ions to maintain charge balance.
The balanced redox reaction represents the transfer of electrons between species. In this case, copper metal loses two electrons to form Cu2+ ions, while iron(III) ions gain two electrons to form Fe2+ ions. The stoichiometric coefficients are chosen such that the number of electrons transferred is equal on both sides of the equation, ensuring the conservation of charge.
It's important to note that the Pt electrode does not participate in the redox reaction but is used as a conductor to facilitate the electron flow between the anode and cathode.
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Question 4 "That oil sands executive is greedy and heartless and therefore can't be trusted when she claims to want to improve her company's environmental record."
O False dilemma
O Ad hominem attack
O Straw man
O Appeal to authority
Question 5 "There is no proof that humans are causing climate change so it must natural causes
O False dilemma
O Appeal to ignorance
Strawman
O Appeal to authority
That oil sands executive is greedy and heartless and therefore can't be trusted when she claims is Ad hominem attack. So, Option B is correct.
4- The argument in question 4 is an example of an ad hominem attack. This is due to the argument's focus on the character of the oil sands executuive rather than the actual problem, which is how to improve the company's environmental record.
The argument holds that the executive cannot be believed when she says she wants to improve the company's environmental record because she is avaricious and callous. This is an error in logic, though, as the executive's character may not necessarily be related to the company's environmental policies.
5- The argument in question 5 is an example of an appeal to ignorance. This is because the argument states that there is no proof that humans are causing climate change, so it must be natural causes. Just because there is no conclusive proof that humans are causing climate change, it does not mean that they are not.
The argument assumes that just because there is no evidence to the contrary, the argument must be true. This is a logical fallacy.
So, Option B is correct.
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ch. 18, 52. for each pair of substances, choose the one that you expect to have the higher standard molar entropy (so) at 25 oc. explain the reasons for your choices.a) nano3(s); nano3(aq)b) ch4(g); ch3-ch3(g) c) br2(l); br2(g) d) br2(g); f2(g) e) pcl3(g); pcl5(g) f) ch3-ch2-ch2-ch3(g); so2(g)
a) NaNO3 (s); NaNO3 (aq)NaNO3 is expected to have a higher standard molar entropy in aqueous solution because the solute's degree of freedom is higher than in the crystalline state.
Given, To determine the substance with the higher standard molar entropy at 25°C (298 K) for each pair of substances. Let us examine each case to identify the substance that is expected to have the higher standard molar entropy.
We know that the entropy of a substance increases as its state of matter changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas.
a) NaNO3 (s); NaNO3 (aq)NaNO3 is expected to have a higher standard molar entropy in aqueous solution because the solute's degree of freedom is higher than in the crystalline state.
b) CH4(g); CH3-CH3(g)CH4 has a higher standard molar entropy than CH3-CH3 due to a higher number of molecules. CH3-CH3(g) has a lower standard molar entropy because it is larger and has a stronger bond than CH4.
c) Br2(l); Br2(g)Br2(g) has a higher standard molar entropy due to its gaseous state, whereas Br2(l) has a lower standard molar entropy because it is a liquid.
d) Br2(g); F2(g)Br2(g) has a higher standard molar entropy than F2(g) because Br2 is larger and has more degrees of freedom.
e) PCl3(g); PCl5(g)PCl5 has a higher standard molar entropy due to its higher number of molecules and degrees of freedom. PCl3 is smaller and less complex.
f) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3(g); SO2(g)SO2(g) has a higher standard molar entropy because it has more molecules and more degrees of freedom than CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3.
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During the nitrogen cycle, through which structure are nitrogen compounds first absorbed into the plant?
A. Roots
B. Leaves
C. Flower
D. Steam
when profits are declining, management has been known to sometimes breach ethics by:
When profits are declining, management has been known to sometimes breach ethics by engaging in fraudulent or unethical practices to boost profits or misrepresenting financial data.
When a company's profits are declining, it can be challenging for management to maintain the same level of revenue growth or shareholder returns. In some cases, this can lead to unethical behavior in an attempt to boost profits.
Examples of such unethical behavior include manipulating financial data, misrepresenting financial information to investors, engaging in fraudulent activities such as insider trading or falsifying sales figures, and engaging in corrupt practices such as bribery or embezzlement.
Such actions are illegal and can lead to severe consequences for both the company and individuals involved. It is essential for companies to maintain ethical standards, especially during times of financial stress, to maintain the trust of stakeholders and uphold the reputation of the business.
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