in a dihybrid cross, mendel mated two f1 generation (rryy) pea plants. referring to the punnett square, what is the genotypic ratio of the f2 generation?
Answers
In a dihybrid cross, Mendel crossed two f1 generations of peas. Based on Punnett squares, the f2 generation of this cross has a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1
What is a dihybrid cross?A dihybrid cross represents a mating experiment between two organisms in which the two traits are the exact same hybrid. Hybrid organisms are heterozygous, meaning they have two different alleles at a particular genetic position or locus.
What is phenotypic and genotypic ratio?The phenotypic ratio is the ratio of observable traits. The phenotypic ratio of the classical Mendelian ratio of a dihybrid cross, in which alleles of two different genes are independently classified into gametes is 9:3:3:1.Genotypic ratios are ratios of gene combinations in offspring, and these are not always phenotypically distinct. It is the set of genes in the DNA responsible for a particular trait. The ratio of genotypes in the dihybrid F2 generation is 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1.To learn more about dihybrid cross visit:
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Related Questions
how does the concept of descent with modification explain both the unity and diversity of life
Answers
The concept of descent with modification, also known as evolution by natural selection, explains both the unity and diversity of life.
According to this concept, natural selection has caused all living creatures to alter through time as a result of their shared progenitor.
As all living things have a common progenitor and have developed from the same source, this process explains the oneness of life. Natural selection permits the survival of various features and species in various situations, resulting in increased variation, and it also explains the diversity of life.
There is a greater diversity of species and ecosystems as a result of the creatures that survive throughout time being those that are most adapted to the environment they are in.
Derivation with modification, which is how all species have developed over time, therefore explains both the unity and variety of life.
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sex differences in irritability/low self-control and offending are suggested by several pieces of evidence, except:
Answers
It is important to approach questions about sex differences in behavior with caution, as generalizations can oversimplify complex phenomena and perpetuate stereotypes.
While there may be some evidence suggesting sex differences in certain aspects of behavior, it is crucial to recognize that individual differences within each sex are far more significant than any differences between the sexes as a whole. Moreover, the causes of behavioral differences are multifaceted and influenced by a combination of biological, social, cultural, and environmental factors.To address your question directly, it would be inappropriate for me to provide a list of exceptions to evidence suggesting sex differences in irritability/low self-control and offending without proper context and understanding of the specific evidence in question.It is essential to approach this topic with scientific rigor, acknowledging that research on this subject is ongoing and often subject to debate and interpretation.
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The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the ______________.
A. thrombocytes.
B. erythrocytes.
C. leukocytes.
D. platelets.
E. RBCs.
Answers
The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the leukocytes.c.leukocytes.They are also larger than erythrocytes and are the only formed elements that are complete cells, possessing a nucleus and organelles.
The leucocytes are the true cells because they are complete cells that have a nucleus and other cellular organelles. Therefore, the leucocyte is the formed element which is a true cell.ll formed elements arise from stem cells of the red bone marrow. Recall that stem cells undergo mitosis plus cytokinesis (cellular division) to give rise to new daughter cells: One of these remains a stem cell and the other differentiates into one of any number of diverse cell types.Atomic nuclei consist of electrically positive protons and electrically neutral neutrons. These are held together by the strongest known fundamental force, called the strong force. The nucleus makes up much less than . 01% of the volume of the atom, but typically contains more than 99.9% of the mass of the atom.
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when an organism is changed ir altered from its parent or original form
Answers
Answer:
GMO, Hope this helped..... Please give me brainliest it would make my day 100 percent better
Explanation:
GMOs are organisms that have had their characteristics changed through the modification of their DNA. GMO stands for genetically modified organism.
Leukocytes with granular cytoplasm are called ___ while those without distinctly-staining granules are called ___
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Leukocytes with granular cytoplasm are called granulocytes, while those without distinctly-staining granules are called agranulocytes.
Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, can be classified into two main categories based on the presence or absence of granules in their cytoplasm. Granulocytes are a type of leukocytes that have granules in their cytoplasm, which can be stained and visualized under a microscope. Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These granules contain various substances that play a role in immune responses, such as enzymes and antimicrobial proteins.
On the other hand, agranulocytes are leukocytes that do not possess distinct granules in their cytoplasm. Agranulocytes include lymphocytes and monocytes. While they lack granules, agranulocytes have important roles in immune function. Lymphocytes are involved in adaptive immune responses, including the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity. Monocytes are precursors to macrophages, which are responsible for phagocytosis and antigen presentation.
The presence or absence of granules in leukocytes is a characteristic feature used in their classification and identification in the field of hematology.
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an Association between the root noodles of leguminous plant and rhizobium SP is known as what
Answers
Answer:
The question lacks options, the options are:
A. commensalism
B. mycorrhiza
C. parasitism
D. symbiosis
The answer is D, symbiosis (mutualism)
Explanation:
Organisms of same or different species interact with one another in their natural environment. The relationship between two organisms interacting with one another is called SYMBIOSIS. Symbiosis can be of different types depending on the effect of the relationship on the involved organisms. Symbiosis can be mutualistic, commensalistic or parasitic.
Mutualism is a kind of symbiosis in which the involved organisms benefit from the actions of one another. This is a case of the association between the root nodules of leguminous plant and rhizobium species.
Rhizobium is a bacteria genus found in the soil. They form nodules by attaching to the root of leguminous plants, which helps the plants to fix atmospheric nitrogen i.e converting gaseous nitrogen to a usable form (ammonia). In return, the plants provide organic acids for the Rhizobia bacteria, which they use as carbon and energy source. Hence, the association is a symbiotic relationship and specifically a mutualistic one.
The answer is no mycorrhiza because it is an association between a FUNGUS and a plant.
Answer:
noooooooooooooooooooooo
Explanation:
really
Which protects the DNA of a virus?
Answers
Answer:
The capsid
Explanation:
It functions as a shell for the virus and its genome.
In some viruses, the capsid may also be surrounded by an outer envelope, which is derived from the host cell's membrane and contains viral proteins that are involved in the infection process. The envelope can further protect the virus from environmental stresses, such as changes in temperature or pH.
Cynthia's science teacher gives her an object and asks her to decide whether it is made of Matter or not. Cynthia uses a balance and determines the object has a mass of 45 grams. Cynthia then
measures the object and determines it has a volume of 22 milliliters. According to your notes, is
this object made of matter?
A. Yes, it is made of matter
B. No, it is not made of matter
Answers
Answer:
A, yes.
Explanation:
10) describe how increasing stress to the ocean would affect a food chain containing zooxanthellae, corals, parrotfish, and sharks
Answers
Increased levels of pollution and rising temperature create ocean stress and exhibit tremendous effects on the food chain comprising corals, sharks, parrotfish and zooxanthellae.
There are several factors that are known to affect the health of aquatic systems in the long run. Ocean pollution, ocean acidification, rising temperature and ocean deoxygenation are considered as some of important phenomenon that affect not just the qualitative parameter of water but also of the residing species.
Rising temperature make corals expel out zooxanthellae which results in death of corals later fading corals limit the food source availability for parrotfish and results in decline of their population. With lesser availability of animals to prey on, shark species eventually get reduced. And that's how the entire food cycle is affected.
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How could HCI be used to tell the difference between Quartzite and marble
Answers
Answer:
It is formed when the sandstone's quartz grains are fused from heat and pressure. Additionally, marble is soft while quartzite is hard and durable. Chemically, marble is composed of calcite while quartzite is not.
Explanation:
While the neurology resident, Dr. Takahashi, was performing her examination, Sally asked her what a nerve was made of exactly. Which of the following statements is true regarding the cellular structure of a neuron? The neurology resident told Sally that axons of neurons make up the nerves that transfer information between the PNS and CNS. The neurology resident told Sally that the cell body, or some, made up the nerves and that this structure was what allowed the signal to travel between the CNS and PNS. The neurology resident told Sally that neurons and their dendrites, which send and reccive signals, made up the nerves and that the information was transported only from the PNS to the CNS. The neurology resident told Sally that neurons and their dendrites, which send and receive signals, made up the nerves and that the information was transported only from the CNS to the PNS.
Answers
The statement that is true regarding the cellular structure of a neuron is; The neurology resident told Sally that neurons and their dendrites, which send and receive signals, made up the nerves and that the information was transported only from the PNS to the CNS. Option A is correct.
This statement accurately describes the composition of nerves and the direction of information transmission. Neurons, which consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon, are the basic building blocks of the nervous system. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, while the axon transmits signals to other neurons.
Nerves, on the other hand, are composed of bundled axons of neurons and are responsible for transmitting information between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS). The information flow typically occurs from the PNS to the CNS.
Hence, A. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"While the neurology resident, Dr. Takahashi, was performing her examination, Sally asked her what a nerve was made of exactly. Which of the following statements is true regarding the cellular structure of a neuron? A) The neurology resident told Sally that axons of neurons make up the nerves that transfer information between the PNS and CNS. B) The neurology resident told Sally that the cell body, or some, made up the nerves and that this structure was what allowed the signal to travel between the CNS and PNS. C) The neurology resident told Sally that neurons and their dendrites, which send and receive signals, made up the nerves and that the information was transported only from the PNS to the CNS. D) The neurology resident told Sally that neurons and their dendrites, which send and receive signals, made up the nerves and that the information was transported only from the CNS to the PNS."--
what is the main substance that blood carries to all of your cells?
Answers
What are three assumptions of science as a way of knowing about the world? O A. Natural causality, observable regularity, explanations are falsifiable O B. Natural causality, reliability, confidence OC. Infallibility, supernatural causality, falsifiability OD. Supernatural causality, observable regularity, data analysis
Answers
The three assumptions of science as a way to know about the world are Natural causality, observable regularity, explanations are falsifiable. So, option A is correct.
The three underlying tenets of science as a method of learning about the world are:
1) Natural causality: According to science, all occurrences in the natural world have natural causes and may be explained by following natural laws.
2) Visible regularity: The scientific method is predicated on the idea that natural occurrences are predictable and regular, and that patterns can be seen and measured.
3) Explanations: It can be disproven: According to science, hypotheses about how natural phenomena operate must be verifiable by empirical data.
As a result, choice A is the right one. Falsifiable explanations, natural causality, and observable regularity. The other choices are erroneous because they either propose supernatural causality or assert infallibility, which are not premises of science.
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What part of the brain is primarily responsible for thought, memory, voluntary actions, thinking, and intelligence?
Answers
Answer: the cerebrum
Explanation:
Answer:
frontal lobe
Explanation:
i remeber from school
Which of the following phrases correctly describes veins?
Answers
Answer:
Veins carry blood from the capillaries to the heart
Explanation:
what might happen if the life cycle of the milkweed plant changed in some way?
Answers
Answer:
It might Create an imbalance on the organisms feeding on it leading to imbalance in the ecosystem
Which sentence describes what happens to plastic that absorbs energy from
sunlight?
A. It becomes brittle.
B. It shrinks.
C. It darkens in color.
D. It becomes stronger.
Answers
Answer: A
Explanation: just took the test :)
The plastic that absorbs energy from sunlight becomes shrink. The correct option is B.
What are harmful effects of plastic?Endocrine disrupting substances (EDCs) are among them; they have been connected to a number of diseases such as infertility, obesity, diabetes, prostate cancer, and breast cancer.
In addition to these problems, chemicals have also been related to issues of neurodevelopment, growth, and reproduction.
Chlorinated plastic has the potential to leak dangerous chemicals into the soil around it. These chemicals can then seep into nearby water sources, including groundwater, and the ecosystem.
The species that consume the water may experience a variety of potentially dangerous impacts as a result.
The plastic is exposed to sunlight, which oxidises it and converts the polymers into oligomers, extremely soluble organic molecules.
Plastic breaks down into smaller molecules and absorbs UV radiation from the sun, thus how quickly it decomposes depends on how much of it is exposed to sunshine. This process is known as photodegradation in science.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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Question 13 of 35
Which two phrases describe a wave of a bright red light?
A. Relatively short wavelength
B. Relatively long wavelength
C. Relatively tall amplitude
D. Relatively short amplitude
Answers
Bright red lights represent light moving away from the observer (popularly known as redshift), meaning a short wavelength is emitted.
Amplitude in waves represents their frequencies and intensities. Bright red lights have a relatively short amplitude.
Answer:
The correct phrases to describe a wave of a bright red light are A. Relatively short wavelength and D. Relatively short amplitude
Explanation:
When light waves move away from an observer, they experience a shift in frequency known as the Doppler effect. If the light source is moving away from the observer, the wavelength of the light appears to be longer, or redshifted. However, this effect is generally not observable in everyday situations with stationary light sources.
Regarding the amplitude of the wave, it actually represents the intensity of the light rather than its frequency. A bright red light is indeed associated with a relatively high intensity, which corresponds to a relatively tall amplitude. Therefore, options A and D are the correct phrases to describe a wave of a bright red light.When light waves move away from an observer, they experience a shift in frequency known as the Doppler effect. If the light source is moving away from the observer, the wavelength of the light appears to be longer, or redshifted. However, this effect is generally not observable in everyday situations with stationary light sources.
Regarding the amplitude of the wave, it actually represents the intensity of the light rather than its frequency. A bright red light is indeed associated with a relatively high intensity, which corresponds to a relatively tall amplitude. Therefore, options A and D are the correct phrases to describe a wave of a bright red light.
bacteria of the proteobacteria that are intracellular parasites are members of the:
Answers
Bacteria of the proteobacteria that are intracellular parasites are members of the Rickettsiales order.
The proteobacteria is a major phylum of bacteria that includes a diverse range of species with various ecological roles. Within the proteobacteria, the order Rickettsiales is known for containing intracellular parasitic bacteria. These bacteria are obligate intracellular pathogens that require host cells to replicate and survive.
Rickettsiales bacteria are associated with diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, and Q fever. They have evolved specific adaptations to invade and survive within host cells, allowing them to evade the immune system and exploit the host's resources for their own replication and survival.
Examples of intracellular parasites within the Rickettsiales order include species like Rickettsia and Ehrlichia.
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8) A zoologist analyzes the jawbones of an extinct mammal and concludes that it was an herbivore. The zoologist most likely came to this conclusion based upon A) the position of muscle attachment sites B) the shape of the teeth C) the size of the mouth opening D) the angle of the teeth in the mouth
Answers
Hi! A zoologist, who studies animals, analyzes the jawbones of an extinct mammal, which is a warm-blooded vertebrate with hair or fur. In this case, the zoologist concludes that it was an herbivore, meaning it consumed plants as its primary food source.
The zoologist most likely came to this conclusion based upon B) the shape of the teeth. Herbivore teeth are typically flat and broad, which are adapted for grinding plant material, whereas carnivores have sharp, pointed teeth for tearing flesh. The shape of an animal's teeth can provide important clues about its diet. Herbivorous animals typically have broad, flat teeth for grinding and chewing plant material, while carnivorous animals have sharp, pointed teeth for tearing and shredding meat. Therefore, by analyzing the shape of the teeth, the zoologist could have concluded that the extinct mammal was an herbivore. The position of muscle attachment sites, size of the mouth opening, and angle of the teeth in the mouth may also provide some information about an animal's diet, but are less reliable indicators than the shape of the teeth.
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Which is a common practice for farmers to yield higher crop production?
A) overplowing mixes the nutrients in the soil
B) consistently plant the same crop every year
C) allow later-successional growth to replace nutrients
D) keep the area planted with early-successional species
Answers
Answer:
D) keep the area planted with early-successional species
Explanation:
Answer:
D) keep the area planted with early-successional species
Explanation:
got it right on edge
need help asap. check picture
Answers
We can see here that identifying the stage in the cycle the hormone levels are at their highest and most active, we have:
Box 1: Luteinizing hormone levels high.
Box 2: Progesterone levels high
Box 3: Estrogen levels consistently rise.
What is hormone?A hormone is a chemical substance produced by the endocrine glands in the body.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels rise sharply in the middle of the menstrual cycle, which is called the ovulatory phase. This surge of LH triggers ovulation, the release of the mature oocyte from the ovary.
Progesterone levels rise after ovulation and peak in the luteal phase. Progesterone prepares the uterus for pregnancy by thickening the lining of the uterus. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels drop and the menstrual cycle begins again.
Estrogen levels rise throughout the follicular phase, which is the first half of the menstrual cycle. Estrogen levels peak just before ovulation.
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Chipmunks use cheek pouches to carry food and store for the winter. Is this a structural adaptation, behavioral adaptation, or both?
Answers
Answer:
structural adaption
Directions: Read the descriptions of the four islands presented in the lesson. 1. List two new traits that each new species of rat might demonstrate as it adapts to the conditions on each island. 2. Introduce one of the four new rat species to another island and describe one challenge it would encounter and one success as it adapts to its new environment.
Answers
Answers:
1. Adaptations to survive in specific island conditions:
Morphological adaptations for eating food resources from a specific island. For example, a mandibular structure adapted to eat the food that they obtain.
Behavioral adaptations to avoid depredators. For example, diurnal habits because predators have nocturnal habits.
Physiological adaptations to survive in specific conditions. For example, a lower metabolic rate if food resources are limited.
Stress-induced adaptations to survive in specific stressful conditions. For example, reduction in transpiration is a stress-induced adaptation that enables to rat survive if water resources are limited.
2. Example: Introduction of the rat with diurnal habits in the island with predators that has the same habits is a challenge to survive in this new environment. In this case, the rat can develop different strategies to avoid predators: specific sounds to alert other members of the population on the presence of predators, an immobile pose to simulate death, etc.
Which of the following is an example of how genetic engineering has improved agriculture?
A) Biotechnology has helped develop canola and soybean oils without trans fats, making them more heart-healthy.
B) Eggplants have been genetically modified to resist pests, so farmers can use more pesticides and help save the environment.
C) Technology has advanced, causing many more people pursue careers in farming.
D) Soybeans have been genetically modified to be resistant to pesticides, decreasing crop yield.
Answers
Explanation:
Technology has advanced, causing many more people pursue careers in farming
Is the correct example
Explanation:
Technology has advanced, causing many more people pursue careers in farming
Is the correct example
Do you think there are costs to a male of mate guarding? What factors are likely to favour mate guarding by males?
Answers
Yes, there are costs associated with mate guarding for males. Mate guarding, the behavior exhibited by males to prevent their female partners from mating with other males, comes with inherent drawbacks. It demands a substantial investment of time and energy, as males must constantly monitor and stay close to their partners, limiting their engagement in other activities and potentially missing out on resources and reproductive opportunities.
Mate guarding refers to behaviors exhibited by males to prevent their female partners from mating with other males. While mate guarding can provide certain benefits, such as increased assurance of paternity and protection against sperm competition, it also carries costs for males. One of the primary costs is the investment of time and energy that males must allocate towards mate guarding, which could otherwise be used for other reproductive or survival-related activities. Additionally, mate guarding can be physically demanding and may expose males to increased risks of injury or predation. Furthermore, excessive or overly aggressive mate guarding behaviors can strain the relationship between the male and his partner, leading to potential conflicts or reduced reproductive success.
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What assumptions do you think are made in predicting population growth into the future?
Answers
Population growth, requires two core assumptions: birth and death rate, which will acount for population growth and decrease, respectively. As medicine develops, it is expected that there will be more succesful births, and that death rate will decrease. Regarding death rate, lifespan predictions are important factors that are required for population growth. Lifespan predictions might vary between countries, since income and country development are important issues influencing population lifespan.
During meiosis, which of the following allows for variations in alleles in the gametes
formed?
A) homologous chromosomes stay together
B)chromosome crossover
C)daughter cells identical to parent cells
D)Genetic drift
Answers
Answer:
D. I'm pretty sure at least
A crocodile-like morphology evolved independently in a group of Triassic reptiles called phytosaurs, and later, after phytosaurs were extinct, in true crocodiles. This is an example of: Sympatric speciation. Iterative evolution Evolutionary drift Genetic drift Lamarckian evolution
Answers
The correct answer is iterative evolution. A crocodile-like morphology evolved independently in a group of Triassic reptiles called phytosaurs, and later, after phytosaurs were extinct, in true crocodiles. This is an example of iterative evolution.
Iterative evolution is the development of similar structures or forms independently over time in separate lineages. This is frequently seen in unrelated lineages of organisms that evolve similar features through convergent evolution. The crocodile-like morphology that evolved independently in Triassic reptiles called phytosaurs and later in true crocodiles is an example of iterative evolution as they evolved independently in separate lineages. The ability of the phytosaurs to thrive in an aquatic environment likely contributed to the development of this morphology, which later allowed true crocodiles to similarly thrive.
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what determines the function of a protein
Answers
Answer:
The sequence of amino acids. - The three-dimensional shape of the folded protein. - If the coding sequence has a mutation that leads to a change in the amino acid sequence, the protein may have a different three-dimensional shape, reducing its activity.
Explanation: