In classical conditioning, an organism forms associations between.
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In classical conditioning, an organism forms associations between stimuli. Classical conditioning refers to a type of learning in which an organism comes to associate stimuli. This process involves the pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus, leading to a learned response to the formerly neutral stimulus.
Pavlov's famous experiment with dogs provides an example of classical conditioning. In this experiment, Pavlov presented food to a group of dogs and measured their salivary responses. He then began ringing a bell each time he presented the food. After several repetitions of this pairing, the dogs began to salivate at the sound of the bell alone, even in the absence of the food. This is an example of classical conditioning, as the dogs learned to associate the bell with the food and formed an association between the two stimuli.
The unconditioned stimulus in this experiment was the food, as it naturally elicits a salivary response. The bell was originally a neutral stimulus, but through the pairing with the food, it became a conditioned stimulus that also elicited salivation. The learned response, or conditioned response, was the salivation that occurred in response to the sound of the bell. Therefore, the organism forms associations between stimuli in classical conditioning.
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Related Questions
glomerular hydrostatic (arteriole) pressure is typically 20 to 40 mm hg.
true
false
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True. Normal glomerular hydrostatic pressure ranges from 20 to 40 mm Hg.
The glomerular hydrostatic pressure, also known as the glomerular filtration pressure, is the blood pressure within the glomerulus of the kidney. This pressure is primarily determined by the resistance of the afferent and efferent arterioles and the systemic blood pressure.
This pressure is essential for the kidneys to filter blood efficiently and maintain normal renal function. If the glomerular hydrostatic pressure is too low, the kidneys may not be able to filter blood adequately, leading to decreased urine output and waste buildup in the body. On the other hand, if the glomerular hydrostatic pressure is too high, it can cause damage to the glomerulus and impair kidney function.
In summary, glomerular hydrostatic pressure is an essential component of kidney function and helps to maintain a delicate balance within the body.
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can anyone help with this??
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Answer:
50%
Explanation:
Dd Dd dd dd
25% + 25%
The fact that whales have a pelvis is which type of evolutionary evidence?
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Answer:
Anatomical Evidence
Explanation:
The pelvic bones in whales are a good example of evolutionary anatomical evidence shown by vestigial evolution where whales evolved from four-legged land mammals and secondarily lost their hind legs.
Muscles use a lot of cellular energy because they are highly functional. Which
organelle would be in abundant to provide that energy?
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Nucleus
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Which characteristic makes fungi similar to plants?
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Answer:
They are both non-mobile and eukaryotic.
Explanation:
Plants and fungi both remain stationary. They do not move around for their food. Another similarity is that they both are made up of eukaryotic cells, meaning they contain a nucleus.
Answer:
While both are eukaryotic (both have nucleus) and don't move, plants are autotrophic, making their own energy - and have cell walls made of cellulose, but fungi are heterotrophic, taking in food for energy (so they eat dead and decaying food), and have cell walls.
Explanation:
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A scientist wants to study the behavior of bald eagles. Which of these plans should be used to study the hunting habits of bald eagles?
A. Analyze the eagles at a zoo for several months
B. Observe the eagles along the Potomac River for a year.
C. Ask a national park ranger questions about eagles.
D. Research hawks and make inferences about eagles.
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Write on meiosis and mitosis; relevances and the processes.
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Answer:
Mitosis and meiosis are two types of cell division in eukaryotic cells. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse daughter cells. Mitosis is responsible for tissue growth, development, and repair, occurring in all somatic cells. Meiosis occurs only in reproductive cells, ensuring genetic diversity in offspring. Both processes involve stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis ensures each daughter cell receives the same chromosomes as the parent, while meiosis creates a unique combination of chromosomes. Mitosis and meiosis are important for proper organism function, tissue repair, genetic diversity, and have relevance in biology, genetics, and reproductive science.
This is a multiselect question! Select ALL of the following that correctly describe the
function of stem cells:
A)Cells that can differentiate into (become) any type of cell. Ex. blood, muscle, skin
cells.
B)Cells that can renew themselves continuously.
C) Cells that cannot specialize into different types of cells.
D) Cells that come from bone marrow or embryos.
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Answer:
A, B, and D
Explanation:
Stem cells are special human cells that are able to develop into many different cell types. They commonly come from bone marrow, and from embryos.
Make ( The scissors broke) into a compound sentence
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Answer:
Explanation:
Our car broke down. ...
They spoke to him in English, but she responded in Spanish.
She goes to the beach, and she takes her cat.
Although Michael reads novels, Joly reads comics.
5.As Alex was arriving to work, he realized he forgot his lunch.
how common are mutations during dna replication? a. about 5 nucleotides in 6.5 billion are changed during each replication. b. about 50 nucleotides in 6.5 billion are changed during each replication. c. no nucleotides are changed during each replication. d. about 5,000 nucleotides in 6.5 billion are changed during each replication. e. about 500 nucleotides in 6.5 billion are changed during each replication.
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The mutations are common in the sense that about 5 nucleotides in 6.5 billion are changed during each replication (Option a).
What is the mutation rate?The mutation rate refers to the number of nucleotide changes that emerge at each replication cycle of the DNA molecule, which varies between different types of organisms, especially when comparing prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the mutation rate is the number of alterations in the DNA molecule after replication and the number is variable between different groups of species in nature.
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Ellie loves to canoe out at Sebago Lake. One summer day she went out on the water and gave her dad a call
on her cell phone to let him know she was okay. Although she was comfortable out on the water, her dad,
back on land, was suffering tremendously from the heat. Explain why Janet felt cooler than her dad, even
though they were within a mile of each other.
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The sum of a number and two is equal to negative seven. Translate this sentence to an equation and then find the number. 5 -5 9 -9
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Answer:
x+2=-7. -9
Explanation:
x+2=-7
-2. -2
x=-9
which gene transfer method can most likely be used to insert your new plasmid into a bacterial cell?
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Explanation:
Transduction is a common tool used by scientists to introduce different DNA sequences of interest into a bacterial cell or a host's genome. To do this scientists commonly use phagemids, a DNA cloning vector that contains both bacteriophage and plasmid properties.
This phylogenetic tree shows a relationship of all of these organisms. What trait is most likely found at 2? Select one: a. Have a backbone b. Have live offspring c. Made up of cells d. Live on land
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Answer:
A. have a backbone
Explanation:
You can simply use the process of elimination for this. We know that tuna have a backbone, so that is an option. We know they lay eggs, so B isn't an option. As far as C, every living thing is made up of cells, including the lamprey, so it isn't that. Finally, tuna don't live on land. The only one left is A.
How is a LENS different than a mirror?
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Answer:
The mirror is glass with one side silvery backing produces an image by reflection on only one surface. The lens is a transparent substance that produces images by refraction in any surface of the two surfaces. It can be plane or curved.
Explanation:
Answer: The mirror is a device based on the principle of reflection whereas the lens is based on the principle of refraction.
both sharks and whales live in the ocean and swim, but sharks are fish and whales are mammals. the fact that both animals swim is an example of:
Answers
Short Answer:
Both sharks and whales live in the ocean and swim, but sharks are fish and whales are mammals. The fact that both animals swim is an example of convergent evolution.
or...
LONG ANSWER:
______________________________________________________
Convergent evolution occurs when species occupy similar ecological niches and adapt in similar ways in response to similar selective pressures. Traits that arise through convergent evolution are referred to as 'analogous structures'. They are contrasted with 'homologous structures', which have a common origin.
In this scenario, whales and sharks have different ancestral origin, however they have evolved their limbs for the function of swimming in large masses of water. These limbs are called analogous organs and they point towards a convergent evolution.
Fun Facts About and !Sharks are under the classification of fish, cold-blooded, and have a cartilaginous skeleton. Though most sharks don't produce live young, there are some subspecies of sharks that can, similar to a whale.
Cartilaginous Skeleton - adjective. having a skeleton composed either entirely or mainly of cartilage, as vertebrates of the class Chondrichthyes, which includes the sharks, rays, and skates.Whales are under the classification of mammals, warm-blooded, and produce live offspring. The skeleton of whales is simple and light, being that in the water it no longer has to support the body mass. The spongy bones, covered with a thin layer of compact bone, have a very fatty marrow and, historically, represented a third of the volume of oil harvested from the whale.
________________________________________________________
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The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the.
Answers
Answer:
Is a nerve cell or a neuron
Explanation:
The inner layer of the uterus is called the
O a. endometrium.
O b. perimetrium.
O c. myometrium.
O d. fundus.
Answers
Answer:
A.endometrium
Explanation:
The endometrium is the inner layer that lines the uterus. It is made up of glandular cells that make secretions. The myometrium is the middle and thickest layer of the uterus wall.
Answer:
your answer is A. Endometrium
Explanation:
In the context of sports, which u.s. american obliterated hitler’s false claims of white superiority and ill-conceptions of establishing a "master-race" of white, tall, blonde "supermen", in front of the "whole world" at the olympics in berlin?
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According to a publishing proverb, you can never go wrong with books on Lincoln, Hitler, and dogs; another version lists golfing, Nazis, and cats.
What did Hitler do that was his biggest mistake?
The Soviet Union invasion by Hitler was his biggest error. The German invasion of the Soviet Union, which began on June 22, 1941, and was given the name Frederick Barbarossa after the Holy Roman emperor of the 12th century, marked a significant rupture in the 1939 Nazi-Soviet pact.
What was Hitler's go-to phrase?"If you want to shine like the sun, burn like it first." Additionally, I can only fight for causes that I love, respect, and at the very least, know about. "Victory can be handled by anyone. Only the strong can endure defeat.
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An individual who could trace a picture of a bicycle with his or her finger but could not recognize
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An individual who could trace a picture of a bicycle with his or her finger but could not recognize the bicycle suffers from visual agnosia.
Visual agnosia is a disorder that affects an individual's ability to identify and recognize visual objects. Patients with this disorder can distinguish individual features of an object, but they are unable to perceive the object as a whole. People with this disorder can identify the color, texture, or shape of an object, but cannot recognize the object itself.
The severity of visual agnosia can vary from patient to patient, and it can affect their daily life in different ways. For example, a person with visual agnosia may have difficulty recognizing family members, reading, or driving. Some patients may only experience mild symptoms, while others may experience severe symptoms that affect their ability to function.
Visual agnosia is caused by damage to the visual cortex of the brain, which is responsible for processing visual information. Treatment for this disorder involves working with a speech and language therapist, an occupational therapist, and a neuropsychologist. The aim of treatment is to help the individual develop coping strategies to deal with the condition and to improve their overall quality of life.
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How many gigaton of carbon do animals produce.
Answers
Answer:
7.1 gigatons of CO2 equivalent per year
Explanation:
Fill in the lab questions about you alien and thinking about genetics!
Did your alien have more or less features in common with your peers? Why do you think so?
Answers
where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day?
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The biological test pack should be placed on the top shelf of the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day. This will ensure the test pack is exposed to the maximum amount of steam, which is important for it to be an effective indicator of sterilization.
The biological test pack consists of a spore strip impregnated with a specific species of microorganism, and when exposed to steam, it will kill the microorganism. If the test pack remains viable, this indicates that the steam was not sufficient enough to ensure sterilization.
To ensure accuracy of the test results, it is important that the biological test pack is placed on the top shelf and not in contact with any other item being sterilized. Additionally, it should be noted that the biological test pack should not be exposed to high temperatures for extended periods of time, as this can lead to false results.
In summary, the biological test pack should be placed on the top shelf of the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day, to ensure the maximum amount of steam is applied to the test pack and to ensure accurate results.
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The theory of plate tectonics states that:
A
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates that move on a thick, plastic-like layer of the mantle
B
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates that move on a thick, plastic-like layer of the asthenosphere
C
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates that move on a thin, liquid layer of magma
D
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into cracks called plates that move on a thick, plastic-like layer of the asthenosphere
Answers
Answer:
B) Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates that move on a thick, plastic-like layer of the asthenosphere.
Explanation:
The theory of plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains the large-scale movements of the Earth's solid outer layer, the lithosphere. It states that the Earth's lithosphere is broken into sections called plates that move on a thick, plastic-like layer of the mantle called the asthenosphere. These plates move due to the convective movements of hot, molten rock in the mantle. The movements of these plates can cause earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the creation of new oceanic and continental crust. The theory of plate tectonics has helped us to understand many geological processes and has been confirmed by a large body of scientific evidence.
ALLEN
why should you use sunscreen and a hat when you are outside in the sun
Answers
Answer: It is not healthy.
Explanation:
Wearing a hat shields your eyes from the sun, which can cause your retinas to burn, this is why sunglasses are also recommended, it helps stop too much light from entering your eyes, as well as UV rays.
Wearing sunscreen can protect your skin from harmful sun rays. These harmful sun rays can cause skin cancer by putting a protective layer over the skin.
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name at least 3 environmental habitats that would facedestruction if the trees on the trail were all clear cut
Answers
Clearcutting disturbs soils, wetlands, and peatlands, releasing their vast carbon stores, and diminishes the boreal forest's ability to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. As such, it is often an ecologically harmful form of logging.
Why might the heart be referred to as a double pump?
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The heart is often referred to as a double pump because it has two separate pumps that work together to circulate blood throughout the body: the right side and the left side of the heart.
The right side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. This oxygen-rich blood then returns to the left side of the heart, where it is pumped out to the rest of the body.
The left side of the heart receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body's tissues and organs. This blood provides the necessary oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body, and then returns to the right side of the heart to begin the cycle again.
The separation of the two sides of the heart by the septum ensures that oxygen-poor blood and oxygen-rich blood do not mix, allowing for efficient circulation of blood throughout the body. The coordinated action of the two pumps working together enables the heart to efficiently deliver oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body, making it an essential organ for sustaining life.
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You end up with two DNA molecules at the end. Do they have the same genetic information or are
they different?
Answers
Answer:
Both strands of double-stranded DNA store the same biological information. This information is replicated when the two strands separate.
Explanation:
Paragraph 1 discusses several important facts regarding the DNA molecule. Which of the following facts relates to Chargaff’s rule?
Answers
The facts are not found here, but Chargaff stated that there is an equal amount between Adenine and Thymine and as well as between Guanine and Cytosine.
What is the Chargaff’s rule?Chargaff’s rule is a law that indicates how nucleotide bases are proportionally arranged in the double helix of DNA.
According to this rule, the amount of Adenine (A) is equal to Thymine, whereas the amount of Cytosine is equal to Guanine.
In conclusion, Chargaff stated that there is an equal amount between Adenine and Thymine and as well as between Guanine and Cytosine.
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Options:
A. DNA contains a pentose sugar, nitrogenous bases, and a phosphate group
B. DNA is a molecule in structure
C. DNA contains thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine
D. Cytosine and guanine appear in equal proportions in DNA
Cytosine and guanine appear in equal proportions in DNA facts relates to Chargaff’s rule. Thus, the correct option is D.
What are Chargaff rules?The relationship between the nucleotides that make up DNA is described by Chargaff's rules: The amounts of Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) are equal, and the amounts of Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) are equal (C).
The total number of purine bases equals the total number of pyrimidine bases in synthesis.
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Humans develop malaria after the injection of Plasmodium ____________________ into the bloodstream by an infected female Anopheles mosquito when she takes a blood meal.
Answers
Answer: sporozites
Explanation:
Malaria involves cyclical infection of humans by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. In humans.
this mosquitos are parasites and they grow first in the liver cells and multiply, after which they grow in the red cells of the blood. When
Gametocytes a form of blood stage parasite is taken in during blood feeding by a female Anopheles mosquito they multiply by mating in the mosquito gut after which they form a sporozites after 10-18days. This sporozites moves to their salivary gland such that when they feed on human blood the sporozite plasmodium is injected into human body from where they move to the liver and begin their life cycle.