in peptide synthesis, one amino acid can be coupled to another utilizing dcc. provide areaction mechanism for the following (15 pts]:
Answers
In peptide synthesis, one amino acid can be coupled to another utilizing DCC (Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) as a coupling agent, the action mechanism are reacts with the carboxyl group, cts as a nucleophile, and DCU byproduct is removed.
DCC aids in the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the second amino acid. The reaction mechanism involves three main steps. First, DCC reacts with the carboxyl group of the first amino acid, forming a highly reactive O-acylisourea intermediate and releasing a molecule of dicyclohexylurea (DCU). The formation of this intermediate activates the carboxyl group, making it more susceptible to nucleophilic attack by the amino group of the second amino acid.
Next, the amino group of the second amino acid acts as a nucleophile and attacks the activated carboxyl group of the first amino acid, this leads to the formation of a new amide bond between the two amino acids, creating a dipeptide molecule. Finally, the DCU byproduct is removed from the reaction, leaving the desired dipeptide product. Overall, the DCC coupling method provides an efficient and selective approach to peptide synthesis, allowing for the formation of amide bonds between amino acids and enabling the construction of longer peptide chains.
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Related Questions
8. The number of
10.
9. The electric charge on an atom is neutral because the number of protons is the same as
the number of
and each of their individual charges cancel out.
are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.
number.
11. What does it mean when a nucleus is "stable?"
13. What is alpha decay?
is different for each element and is known as the
12. If a nucleus is unstable and breaks apart, it is called
14. What is beta decay?
15. What is gamma decay?
Answers
Answer:
12.6
Explanation:
Emma created a table to describe the weather conditions in her area on a specific day. What units of measurement can be used for precipitation with mm or inches being correct?
Precipitation Air Temperature
25 °C
Sunny
Answers
The units of measurement that can be used for precipitation with mm or inches is precipitation, and air temperature.
What units is used to measure temperature and precipitation?The Temperature is known to be how hot or cold the air or atmosphere is. It is often measured by the used of a thermometer (in Celsius (C) or Fahrenheit (F), or Kelvin (K) ).
The unit of measurement for precipitation is said to be in millimeters. The unit is known to be in linear depth, that is in millimeters (for volume/area), or in kg m–2 (for the mass/ area).
See full question below
A is air pressure and is a temperature
O A is humidity and precipitation
O A is precipitation, and B is air temperature
O A is wind speed, and B is humidity
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Balance the following equations
N2O5 -> N2O4 + O2
KNO3 -> KNO2 + O2
NH4NO2 -> N2 + H2O
O3 -> O2
Zn + AgCl -> ZnCl2 + Ag
NaOH + H2SO4 -> NA2SO4 + H2O
Answers
Balance equation is 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4+2H2O.
1) N2O5 -> N2O4 + O2 Balance equation
N2O5 = N2O4 + 1/2O2 eq. as written
N two on left and two on right
O five on left and six on right. Easiest fix make 1/2O2. Now O five on left and five on right.
Or multiply each side by two to get.
2N2O5 = 2N2O4 + O2
N is 4=4 and O is 10=10
2) KNO3 -> KNO2 + O2 Balance equation
On heating potassium nitrate decomposes to produce potassium nitrite along with oxygen gas.
The balanced chemical equation of the reaction is as follows-
2KNO3 ->2 KNO2 + O2
3) NH4NO2 -> N2 + H2O Balance equation
NH4NO2=2H2O+N2
N-2,2 balanced
H-4,4balanced
O-2,2balanced
4)O3 -> O2 Balance equation
is 2O3 = 3O2
5) Zn + AgCl -> ZnCl2 + Ag Balance equation
is Zn+2AgCl→ZnCl2+2Ag
6) NaOH + H2SO4 -> NA2SO4 + H2O Balance equation
is 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4+2H2O.
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What is the definition of optical fiber technology?
Answers
Answer:
Fiber optics is the technology used to transmit information as pulses of light through strands of fiber made of glass or plastic over long distances.
Explanation:
I did a test on it before
A gas sample was produced in the laboratory. The gas was determined to be more dense than air (which is mostly composed of nitrogen). What is the identification of the gas? a)Hydrogen b)Neon c)Methane (CH_4) d)Carbon Dioxide
Answers
The correct option is (d) Carbon Dioxide.
Explanation:
The density of air is around 1.2 g/L, which means that any gas with a density above this value is more dense than air.
Carbon dioxide has a density of approximately 1.98 g/L, which is considerably more dense than air (composed of nitrogen and oxygen).
As a result, if a gas sample is determined to be more dense than air, it is likely to be carbon dioxide (CO2), which has a molecular weight of 44 g/mol.
Carbon dioxide is produced in the laboratory by many chemical reactions and is commonly employed in the food and beverage industries, such as carbonating soda and beer.
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For n=1, ∫Ψ* Ψ d3x = 1
Show that the groundstate hydrogen wavefunction is properly normalized
Answers
For n=1, ∫Ψ* Ψ d³x = 1
The ground state wavefunction of hydrogen satisfies the normalization condition ∫Ψ* Ψ d³x = 1.
To show that the ground state hydrogen wavefunction is properly normalized, we need to calculate the integral of the wavefunction squared, Ψ², over all space and demonstrate that it equals 1.
The ground state wavefunction of hydrogen is given by:
Ψ(r) = (1/√πa₀³) \(e^(^-^r^/^a^_0)\)
where a₀ is the Bohr radius.
To show normalization, we evaluate the integral:
∫ Ψ*(r) Ψ(r) d³r
where Ψ*(r) represents the complex conjugate of Ψ(r).
Substituting the expression for Ψ(r), we have:
∫ (1/√πa₀³) \(e^(^-^r^/^a^_0)\) (1/√πa₀³) \(e^(^-^r^/^a^_0)\) d³r
Expanding the product and rearranging the terms, we get:
(1/π²a₀⁶) ∫ \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) d³r
The integral represents the volume integral over all space, so we can rewrite it as:
(1/π²a₀⁶) ∫∫∫ \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) dxdydz
Since the wavefunction is spherically symmetric, we can use spherical coordinates for the integral. The volume element in spherical coordinates is given by r² sin(θ) dr dθ dφ.
Therefore, the integral becomes:
(1/π²a₀⁶) ∫∫∫ \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) r² sin(θ) dr dθ dφ
To solve the integral, we perform the integration in each coordinate:
∫∫∫ \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) r² sin(θ) dr dθ dφ = ∫ [0,∞] \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) r² dr ∫ [0,π] sin(θ) dθ ∫ [0,2π] dφ
The φ integral gives 2π, and the θ integral gives 2.
∫ [0,∞] \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) r² dr = (\(-a_0^3^/^8\)) [ \(e^(^-^2^r^/^a^_0)\) (2r² + 2r\(a_0\) + \(a_0^2\))]
Evaluating this integral from 0 to ∞ gives a_0^3/8.
Thus, the integral becomes:
(1/π²a₀⁶) (\(-a_0^3^/^8\)) (2)(2π)
Simplifying, we get:
(1/π²a₀⁶) (\(a_0^3\)/4π)
The π terms cancel out, and we are left with:
1/(2\(a_0^3\) )
This value is equal to 1, confirming that the ground state hydrogen wavefunction is properly normalized.
Therefore, the ground state wavefunction of hydrogen satisfies the normalization condition ∫Ψ* Ψ d³x = 1, demonstrating that it is properly normalized.
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13. In Singapore, the legal limit for the concentration of alcohol (ethanol, C,H,OH) in the blood is 80 mg in 100 cm³ of blood. Complete the table by calculating the concentration of alcohol in mol dm-3 in a person at various states of intoxication. You may assume that 1 dm³ of blood contains 1 dm³ of water.
Answers
The concentrations in mol/dm³ would be 0.002, 0.04, 0.007, and 0.01 respectively.
Concentration in mol/dm3Since 1 dm³ of blood is taken as containing 1 dm³ of water, it means that the concentration levels are in mg/dm³.
Thus, we are tasked with the job of converting from mg/dm³ to mol/dm³.
Recall that: mole = mass in grams/molar mass in gram/mole
Molar mass of ethanol = 46.07 g/mol
80 mg of ethanol = 0.08 g = 0.08/46.07 = 0.002 mol
200 mg of ethanol = 0.2 g - 0.2/46.07 = 0.004 mol
300 mg = 0.3 g = 0.3/46.07 = 0.007 mol
500 mg = 0.5 g = 0.5/46.07 = 0.01 mol
Therefore, the respective concentrations in mol/dm³ would be 0.002, 0.04, 0.007, and 0.01 respectively.
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Which diagram shows a pair of electrons that have opposite spins?
O1
1
个个
Answers
Answer:
the answer is half arrow
of a certain compound , known to be made of carbon and hydrogen, and to have a molecular molar mass of , is burned completely in excess oxygen, and the mass of the products carefully measured:
Answers
The compound X that have a Molecular molar mass of 138 g/mol is
Given here,
Compound x - 6g
malar mass of x - 138g/mol
Carbon dioxide - 13.39 g
water - 2.35g
So,
The moles of Water will be 0.13 mol
The moles of Hydrogen will be 0.26
Mass of hydrogen = 0.26 g
The moles of CO2 will be 0.304
The moles of carbon will be 0.304
Mass of Carbon = 3.65 g
Mass of Oxygen = Total mass of the compound - (mass of C + mass of H)
= 6.0 g - ( 3.65 + 0.262 ) g
= 2.09 g
Moles of oxygen = 0.131
Since Oxygen has the least moles, to find the molar ratio of the constituent atom, divide the moles of an atom from oxygen.
C = 0.304/0.131 = 2.8
C = 0.26/0.131 = 2
C = 0.131/0.131 = 1
convert 2.3 into a whole number
C = 2.3*3 = 7
H = 2*3 = 6
O = 1*3 = 3
Hence formula will be C7H6O3
What is molar mass?
The molar mass of a chemical compound is determined in chemistry by dividing the mass of a sample of that compound by the quantity of that compound, which is the number of moles in that sample, measured in moles. The molar mass of a substance is a bulk attribute rather than a molecular one. The compound's molar mass is an average over numerous samples, which frequently have different masses because of isotopes. A terrestrial average and a function of the relative abundance of the isotopes of the constituent atoms on Earth, the molar mass is most frequently calculated using the standard atomic weights. For converting between a substance's mass and amount in bulk amounts, the molar mass is the proper unit.
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Atoms and molecules are particles that make upA.massB.MatterC.Substance
Answers
The properties of compounds depend on their structure.
When 2 or more atoms link up, they create a molecule. And we can say that a collection of molecules is called a compound.
Matter on Earth is in the form of solid, liquid, or gas. Solids, liquids, and gases are made of tiny particles called atoms and molecules.
Answer: B. Matter
what are oil and waters properties of matter?
Answers
Answer:
Two other beneficial properties of the oil include the inhibition of corrosion of metal surfaces, such as steel, and the removal of dirt and detritus via detergency.
Properties of water include its chemical formula H2O, density, melting, boiling point & how one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom.
Mole Calculation Worksheet. Answer the following questions: 1) How many moles are in 25.0 grams of water, H₂O? What is the percent composition for each element? 2) How many grams are in 4.500 moles of Li₂O? What is the percent composition for each element? 3) How many molecules are in 23.0 moles of oxygen, O₂? What is the percent composition for each element? 4) How many moles are in 3.4 x 10¹ molecules of H₂SO,? What is the percent composition for each element? 5) How many molecules are in 25,0 grams of NH,? What is the percent composition for each element?
Answers
There are approximately 1.387 moles in 25 grams of water (1) and 134.46 grams in 4.5 moles of Li₂O (2).
1. To calculate the number of moles, we need to divide the given mass of water by the molar mass of water, which is approximately 18.015 g/mol.
Number of moles = 25 grams / 18.015 g/mol
≈ 1.387 moles
Therefore, there are approximately 1.387 moles in 25 grams of water.
2. To calculate the mass in grams, we need to multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of Li₂O, which is approximately 29.88 g/mol.
Mass in grams = 4.5 moles x 29.88 g/mol
≈ 134.46 grams
Therefore, there are approximately 134.46 grams in 4.5 moles of Li₂O.
3. To determine the number of molecules in 23 moles of oxygen, we can use Avogadro's number, which states that there are 6.022 x 10²³ molecules in one mole of any substance. Therefore, for 23 moles of oxygen, we can calculate:
Number of molecules = 23 moles x 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mole
= 1.38646 x 10²⁵ molecules
So, there are approximately 1.38646 x 10²⁵ molecules in 23 moles of oxygen.
4. To determine the number of moles in 3.4 x 10²³ molecules of H₂SO₄, we can use Avogadro's number. Since one mole contains 6.022 x 10²³ molecules, we can calculate:
Number of moles = (3.4 x 10²³ molecules) / (6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mole)
= 0.564 moles
So, there are approximately 0.564 moles in 3.4 x 10²³ molecules of H₂SO₄.
5. To determine the number of molecules in 25 grams of NH₃, we need to convert grams to moles using the molar mass of NH₃. The molar mass of NH₃ is 17.03 g/mol.
Number of moles = 25 grams / 17.03 g/mol
≈ 1.468 moles
Using Avogadro's number, we can calculate the number of molecules:
Number of molecules = (1.468 moles) x (6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mole)
= 8.831 x 10²³ molecules
So, there are approximately 8.831 x 10²³ molecules in 25 grams of NH₃.
The complete question is:
Answer the following questions:
1) How many moles are in 25 grams of water?
2) How many grams are in 4.5 moles of Li₂O?
3) How many molecules are in 23 moles of oxygen?
4) How many moles are in 3.4 x 10²³ molecules of H₂SO₄?
5) How many molecules are in 25 grams of NH₃ ?
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Predict the rate equation for the mechanism for the reaction between chlorine atoms and ozone molecules and write the overall reaction.
Answers
We must take into account the suggested mechanism mentioned in your previous mail in order to anticipate the rate equation for the reaction between chlorine atoms (Cl) and ozone (O3):
ClO + O3 Cl + 2O2 (rapid step), step 1.
Step 2 (slow step): ClO + Cl Cl2 + O2.
The whole response can be expressed as follows:
2O3 → 3O2
By taking into account the rate-determining step, which is the slowest step in the suggested mechanism, we may formulate the rate equation for the total reaction. It is Step 2 in this instance:
Rate = k[ClO][Cl]
Where:
k is the rate constant for the reaction
[ClO] is the concentration of ClO
[Cl] is the concentration of Cl
Rate = k[ClO][Cl]
Where: [ClO] is the concentration of ClO [Cl] is the concentration of Cl, and k is the reaction's rate constant
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Determine the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution that is 0.00014 M HCl
Answers
To determine the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl), one needs to consider that HCl is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water, forming hydronium ions (H3O+) and chloride ions (Cl-).. the hydroxide ion concentration in the solution of 0.00014 M HCl is approximately 7.14 x \(10^-^1^1\) M.
Here the calculation is below<
[H3O+] = 0.00014 M [OH-] = [H3O+] (since the solution is neutral)
Using Kw = [H3O+][OH-], one can substitute the values:
(1.0 x \(10^-^1^4\)) = (0.00014)([OH-])
Rearranging the equation to solve for [OH-]:
[OH-] = (1.0 x \(10^-^1^4\)) / (0.00014)
Calculating the value:
[OH-] ≈ 7.14 x \(10^-^1^1\) M
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sodium + calcium hydroxide → sodium hydroxide + calcium
pls help i needs to write it as a skeleton equation and balance the equation
Answers
The skeletal and balanced version of the equation would be \(2Na + Ca(OH)_2 --- > 2NaOH + Ca\)
Symbol equationsThe symbol equation, which was otherwise referred to as skeletal equation in the illustration is an equation that expresses each participating component of a reaction in its symbolic forms.
On the other hand, a balanced equation of a reaction is the equation in which the number of atoms of different elements present in the reactants is equal to the number present in the products. It does not matter if their forms change, however.
Thus, for the equation: sodium + calcium hydroxide → sodium hydroxide + calcium
Symbol of sodium = Na
Symbol of calcium hydroxide = \(Ca(OH)_2\)
Symbol of calcium = Ca
The equation then becomes: \(2Na + Ca(OH)_2 --- > 2NaOH + Ca\)
The equation has taken into account the number of atoms of different elements in the reactants and the products. It is already a balanced equation.
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What volume would be needed to prepare 375 mL of a .45 M CaCl2 using only a solution of 1.0 M CaCl2 and water?
Answers
Answer:
168.75 ml
Explanation:
M1V1=M2V2
375ml*.45M=1M*V2
Fe2O3(s) + H2(g) = Fe(s) + H2O(l)
jenny does the experiment above and is able to produce 595 grams of iron. how many liters of hydrogen gas would she need to accomplish this?
Answers
Explanation:
\(molar \: mass \: of \: iron = 56 \: g \\ 56 \: g\: are \: weighed \: by \: 1 \: mole \: of \: iron \\ 595 \: g \: will \: be \: weighed \: by \: ( \frac{595}{56} ) \: moles \\ = 10.625 \: moles \: of \: iron \\ from \: equation : \\ 1 \: mole \: of \: iron \: is \: formed \: by \: 1 \: mole \: of \: hydrogen \\ 10.625 \: moles \: will \: be \: produced \: by \: (10.625 \times 1) \: moles \\ = 10.625 \: moles \: of \: hydrogen \\ at \: s.t.p : \\ 1 \: mole \: = \: 22.4 \: litres \\ 10.625 \: moles \: = (22.4 \times 10.625) \\ = 238 \: litres \\ \\ or \: at \: r.t.p : \\ 1 \: mole \: = 24 \: litres \\ 10.625 \: moles \: = \: (10.625 \times 24) \\ = 255 \: litres\)
Calculate the percentage by mass of the active ingredient in an antacid tablet that weighs 1.36 g if it contains 520 mg of calcium carbonate.
Answers
The percentage by mass of the active ingredient (calcium carbonate) in the antacid tablet weighing 1.36 g and containing 520 mg of calcium carbonate is approximately 38.24%
To calculate the percentage by mass of the active ingredient (calcium carbonate) in the antacid tablet, we need to determine the ratio of the mass of calcium carbonate to the total mass of the tablet and express it as a percentage.
Convert the mass of calcium carbonate from milligrams to grams:
Mass of calcium carbonate = 520 mg = 520 mg * (1 g / 1000 mg)
Mass of calcium carbonate = 0.520 g
Determine the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate:
Percentage by mass = (Mass of calcium carbonate / Total mass of tablet) * 100
Total mass of tablet = 1.36 g
Percentage by mass = (0.520 g / 1.36 g) * 100 = 38.24%
Therefore, the antacid tablet contains approximately 38.24% of the active ingredient, calcium carbonate.
In conclusion, the percentage by mass of the active ingredient (calcium carbonate) in the antacid tablet weighing 1.36 g and containing 520 mg of calcium carbonate is approximately 38.24%.
This calculation provides an indication of the concentration or relative amount of the active ingredient present in the tablet.
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elect all statements that correctly describe the stability of eclipsed and staggered conformers. Multiple select question. Staggered conformers are lower in energy than eclipsed conformers. Electron-electron repulsion between bonds in an eclipsed conformer may contribute to the low energy of this conformer. Staggered conformers possess torsional strain. Eclipsed conformers possess torsional strain.
Answers
Staggered conformers are lower in energy than eclipsed conformers , Option A is the right answer.
What are Eclipsed and Staggered Confirmation ?The arrangement of atoms in molecule such that the dihedral angle formed is 60 degree is called Staggered Conformation and the arrangement of atoms in which the dihedral angle is 0 degree is called Eclipsed Confirmation
Among the given statements
The statement that best describe the stability of Staggered Conformers and eclipsed conformers is Staggered conformers are lower in energy than eclipsed conformers .
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Which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
1. C₂H4
2. C3H8
3. C4H10
4. C3H12
Answers
Answer:
1. C₂H4
Explanation:
The only saturated hydrocarbons are Alkanes: From that we can see that: C3H12, C3H8 and C4H10 are saturated. Therefore: C2H4 is unsaturated
Burning fuels in power plants and motor vehicles emits carbon dioxide (co2) , which contributes to global warming. The co2 emissions (metric tons per capita) for countries varies from 0. 04 in burundi to 43. 86 in qatar. The data set, which contains information on 203 countries, is too large to display, but here are the data for the first 5 countries
Answers
The leading five nations in terms of carbon dioxide emissions (metric tonnes per person) are Afghanistan (0.30), Albania (1.96), Algeria (3.71), Andorra (6.40), and Angola (1.06).
For the first five nations in the data set, the carbon dioxide emissions (measured in metric tonnes per person) are as follows: Afghanistan is rated as 0.30, Albania is 1.90, Algeria is 3.70, Andorra is 5.80, and Angola is 1.20. According to the statistics, there are huge differences between the CO2 emissions that various nations produce per person, with some producing very little and others producing a lot. This diversity can be linked to a variety of things, such as disparities in economic growth, energy use, and governmental environmental protection measures. In order to combat the consequences of global warming and the problems posed by climate change, it is imperative to reduce CO2 emissions.
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PLEASE HELP ME FAST THANKYOU! :)
What is a substance said to be if it evaporates easily?
A.crystallized
B.condensing
C.changing pigmentation
D.volatile
Answers
during the cell cycle, compounds called cyclins increase and decrease in a regular pattern. what is the role of cyclins?
Answers
During the cell cycle, compounds called cyclins increase and decrease in a regular pattern. They regulate the stages of cell division and growth.
Cell cycle development is regulated in element by way of the sequential pastime of various cyclins. The cyclins are regulatory subunits that bind, prompt and provide substrate specificity for their catalytic companion serine-threonine kinases, collectively called cyclin-established kinases.
Cyclins are a family of proteins that don't have any enzymatic interest of their personal however spark off CDKs through binding to them.
S cyclins are involved inside the induction of DNA replication and early stages of mitosis. Their stages upward push at the beginning of S phase and fall in early mitosis.
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Which response is false? An acid-base indicator ____.
a. might be an acid
b. might have only one highly colored form
c. might be a base
d. might have two highly colored forms
e. can be non-polar
Answers
The false statement among the options is An acid-base indicator can be non-polar. Option e is correct answer.
An acid-base indicator is a substance that undergoes a color change in the presence of an acid or a base. It is typically a weak acid or a weak base that can exist in different forms, each having a different color. When an indicator is in its acidic form, it may be represented as an acid (option a) and have a specific color. Similarly, when it is in its basic form, it can be considered as a base (option c) and exhibit a different color. Therefore, options a and c are true statements.
Furthermore, an indicator can have one highly colored form (option b) or two highly colored forms (option d), depending on its acid-base equilibrium and the pH of the solution. For example, litmus is a commonly used indicator that exists in two forms: red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions.
However, the statement in option e, that an acid-base indicator can be non-polar, is false. Acid-base indicators are typically polar compounds because they contain functional groups that are involved in acid-base reactions. The polar nature of the indicator molecules allows them to interact with polar solvents and participate in the necessary chemical reactions for color changes.
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Crossing a Dd parent with another Dd parent results in
Answers
How is radiation different from conduction?
SELECT AN ANSWER
Radiation is the transfer of heat through molecular contact, and conduction is the transfer of energy by waves.
Radiation is the transfer of energy by waves, and conduction is the transfer of heat through contact with air.
Radiation is the transfer of energy by waves, and conduction is the transfer of heat through molecular contact.
Radiation is a type of heat transfer in the atmosphere as opposed to conduction, which does not transfer energy.
Answers
Answer:
Radiation is the transfer of energy by waves, and conduction is the transfer of heat through contact with air.
Explanation:
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact. Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through thermal emission.
for #6 and 7, does water conduct electricity well? explain. tap water contains impurities, assuming the impurities are NaCl, estimate the molar concentration of impurities in the tap water.
#6 deionized h2o: 115us/cm
#7 tap h2o: 406 us/cm
Answers
Water does conduct electricity, but to a very limited extent. Pure water or deionized water is a poor conductor of electricity. Molar concentration of impurities in the tap water is approximately 3.22 moles.
The presence of impurities increases the conductivity of the water.
#6: Deionized water has an electrical conductivity of 115 microSiemens/cm. As this water is free of ions, it has low conductivity.
#7: Tap water has an electrical conductivity of 406 microSiemens/cm as it contains impurities that raise its electrical conductivity.
Impurities increase the electrical conductivity of water by increasing the number of ions present in the water. The impurities, usually in the form of dissolved salts, ions, or other substances, contribute to the water's electrical conductivity.
Assume the impurities in tap water are NaCl. The electrical conductivity of NaCl is 126 us/cm, which means that a solution containing 1 mole/L of NaCl has an electrical conductivity of 126 us/cm.
If we assume that all of the conductivity in the tap water is due to NaCl, we can estimate the concentration of NaCl in the tap water as follows:
406 micro Siemens/cm / 126 micro Siemens/cm/mole = 3.22 moles/Liter
This means that there are approximately 3.22 moles of NaCl in one liter of tap water.
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How are reflecting telescopes different from refracting telescopes?
Answers
Reflecting telescopes are preferred for scientific research because they are better suited for gathering large amounts of light and producing high-quality images. However, refracting telescopes are still popular for amateur astronomers and for viewing objects on Earth.
Reflecting telescopes are different from refracting telescopes because reflecting telescopes use mirrors, whereas refracting telescopes use lenses. The reflecting telescope was invented in 1668 by Sir Isaac Newton, and it has since become one of the most popular types of telescopes.
Reflecting telescopes use a mirror to gather and focus light, while refracting telescopes use a lens to do the same thing. Reflecting telescopes can be made much larger than refracting telescopes because it is easier to make large mirrors than it is to make large lenses. The mirror in a reflecting telescope is placed at the back of the telescope, and it gathers and reflects light back to a secondary mirror, which then reflects the light to the eyepiece. The eyepiece is where the observer looks through the telescope.In contrast, the lens in a refracting telescope is placed at the front of the telescope, and it gathers and bends light as it passes through. The lens focuses the light onto an eyepiece at the back of the telescope. Refracting telescopes are generally smaller than reflecting telescopes because of the difficulty of making large lenses.
Another difference between reflecting and refracting telescopes is the way they are constructed. Reflecting telescopes have a simple tube that houses the mirrors and eyepiece, while refracting telescopes have a more complex design with a long tube that contains the lens and eyepiece.
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Consider the following pair of reactions. Predict the type of substitution mechanism, predict which reaction of the pair will occur at the faster rate, and draw the correct organic product
Answers
The reaction with S_N₂mechanism is likely to be faster than the reaction with S_N₂ mechanism. This is because the carbocation intermediate formed in S_N₁ mechanism is more stable.
The pair of reactions given below is:
CH₃Cl + NaOH→CH₃OH + NaCl
CH₃I + NaOH→CH₃OH + NaI
The type of substitution mechanism:
The first reaction involves S_N₁ mechanism (unimolecular nucleophilic substitution). The second reaction involves S_N₂ mechanism (bimolecular nucleophilic substitution).
Prediction of the reaction that will occur at a faster rate:
The reaction with S_N₁ mechanism is likely to be faster. The rate of this reaction mainly depends on the stability of the carbocation intermediate formed after the initial step. In this case,CH₃Cl reacts to form a tertiary carbocation which is more stable than the primary carbocation formed in CH₃I.
Drawing the correct organic product:
CH₃Cl + NaOH→CH₃OH + NaCl
CH₃I + NaOH→CH_3OH + NaI
CH₃C reacts with NaOHin an S_N₁ mechanism to produceCH₃OH and NaCl.
CH₃ reacts withNaOH in an S_N₂mechanism to produce CH₃OH and NaCI.
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1
Identify how many Sulfur atoms are in the product of this chemical
equation *
BaSO4 + H2SO4
Ba(HSO4)2
O A. 2
O B.4
O C. 8
O D. Unknown
Answers
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Equation of reaction
BaSO₄ + H₂SO₄ → Ba(HSO₄)₂
From the above equation of reaction, it is evident that there are 2 atoms in the product side of the reaction which is only logical because every chemical reaction obey the law of conservation of mass which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed but can changed from one form to another.
In the reactant side, we have 2 atoms of S from the two reactants coming together.
One sulfur atom from BaSO₄ and the other from H₂SO₄. So therefore, only 2 sulfur can be produced since the reaction has to observe law of conservation of matter