maxwell developed his theory of electromagnetism by combining previous discoveries. he added his own original hypothesis that

Answer:

15

Explanation:

225/(165-150)=15g/cm3

Answer:

increase

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A parallel circuit is described as a type of circuit in which there are several current paths.

A parallel circuit is a type of electrical circuit where two or more components are connected in parallel, and each component has its path for electric current flow. The path is separate from all other parts, and each has the same voltage level. The current divides among each path according to the resistance value of the components in the circuit. Parallel circuits are used in various applications, including lighting in households, street lights, and other electronic devices. In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each component is the same, and the total current in the circuit is equal to the sum of the current flowing in each branch.

A parallel circuit is used in the household and other applications to prevent other electrical devices from overloading and cutting off electrical supply, for example, when several devices are plugged into a power source. In a parallel circuit, the voltage divider circuit can be used to divide the voltage among resistors. This is because the voltage across each component in a parallel circuit is the same, and we can use the equation V = IR to calculate the voltage divider.

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The time taken for the spider crawling at 630 ft/hr to travel through the 15 ft wide room is 42 hours

From the formula of speed, we can obtain a formula for calculating time as illustrated below:

Speed = Distance / time

Cross multiply

Speed × time = Distance

Divide both sides by speed

Time = Distance / speed

Using the above formula, we can obtain the time taken from the spider to travel through the room. Details as follow:

Time = Distance / speed

Time = 630 / 15

Time = 42 hours

From the calculation made above, we can conclude that the time taken is 42 hours

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The particle moves to the right through a potential difference of Vb-Va = 3.20×10^-19 J / q.

The particle, initially at rest, is acted upon only by the electric force and moves from point a to point b along the x axis, increasing its kinetic energy by 3.20×10^-19 J. To determine the direction and potential difference through which the particle moves, we can use the relationship between electric potential difference (V) and electric force (F) on a charged particle.

The electric potential difference between two points is defined as the work done per unit charge to move a particle from one point to the other. The work done on a charged particle by an electric force is given by the equation

W = Fdcos(theta)

where F is the electric force, d is the distance moved by the particle, and theta is the angle between the direction of the force and the direction of the displacement.

In this case, since the particle is only acted upon by the electric force and moves along the x-axis, the angle between the direction of the force and the direction of the displacement is 0, and the work done by the electric force is given by W = Fdx.

Therefore, the potential difference between point a and point b is given by Vb - Va = W/q, where q is the charge of the particle.

Given that the particle's kinetic energy increases by 3.20×10^-19 J and the work-energy principle states that work done on a particle is equal to the change in kinetic energy, we can say that the work done on the particle is equal to 3.20×10^-19 J.

Now, the direction of the force can be determined by the sign of the potential difference, since the electric force is given by

F = -q(dV/dx).

Given that the potential difference is positive, the electric force is negative, meaning that the force is directed opposite to the direction of motion of the particle, therefore the direction of motion is to the right.

Therefore, the particle moves to the right through a potential difference of Vb-Va = 3.20×10^-19 J / q.

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Given data:

* The total current in the system is I = 2.8 A.

* The resistance of resistors connected in parallel is,

Solution:

The equivalent resistance of the system is,

Substituting the known values,

According to Ohm's law, the voltage across the battery in terms of the current and equivalent resistance is,

Thus, the voltage across the battery is 21.5 volts.

The raw file size for a 320x240 12-bit thermal image is 115,200 bytes. Thermal images have smaller raw file sizes than digital camera images because they have lower resolution and color depth, resulting in less data being stored.

(i) To calculate the raw file size for a 320x240 12-bit thermal image, we need to consider the number of pixels and the bit depth. Each pixel in a 12-bit image can have 2¹² (4096) possible values.

The total number of pixels in a 320x240 image is 76,800 (320 x 240). Multiplying this by the bit depth, we get:

76,800 pixels x 12 bits/pixel = 921,600 bits

To convert this to bytes, we divide by 8:

921,600 bits / 8 = 115,200 bytes

Therefore, the raw file size for a 320x240 12-bit thermal image is 115,200 bytes.

(ii) The file size of a thermal image compared to a typical commercial digital camera image for the visible range is generally smaller due to a couple of reasons:

1. Resolution: Thermal images typically have lower resolution compared to commercial digital camera images. The example given is a 320x240 image.

While commercial digital cameras often capture images with higher resolutions like 12 megapixels (e.g., 4000x3000 pixels). The higher-resolution images from digital cameras contain more data per image, resulting in larger file sizes.

2. Color Depth: Thermal images are often grayscale or have limited color palettes. They usually use a lower bit depth, such as 12 bits, to represent the temperature variations.

In contrast, commercial digital cameras capture images with higher color depth, such as 24 bits (8 bits per color channel), resulting in more information per pixel and larger file sizes.

In conclusion, the raw file size of a thermal image is generally smaller compared to a typical commercial digital camera image due to lower resolution and color depth, resulting in less data being stored for each image.

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This question involves the concept of the law of conservation of energy.

The spring constant of the cable is "915.6 N/m".

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. It can only change from one form to another form. In this scenario, the elastic potential energy stored by the cable will completely be transformed into the gravitational potential energy at the highest point.

\(Loss\ of\ Elastic\ Potential\ Energy=Gain\ in\ Gravitational\ Potential\ Energy\)

\(\frac{1}{2}kx^2=mgh\\\\k= \frac{2mgh}{x^2}\)

where,

Therefore,

\(k=\frac{2(160\ kg)(9.81\ m/s^2)(42\ m)}{(12\ m)^2}\)

k = 915.6 N/m

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After considering the given data we conclude that the wavelength of visible light emitted by a hydrogen atom when its excited electron drops from n = 6 to n = 2 is approximately 102.55 nm.

To evaluate the wavelength (in nm) of visible light emitted by a hydrogen atom when its excited electron drops from n = 6 to n = 2, we can apply the Rydberg formula:
\(1/\lambda = R(1/n_1^{2} - 1/n_2^{2} )\)
Here:
λ = wavelength of the emitted light
R = Rydberg constant \((1.097 *10^7 m^{-1} )\)
\(n_1\) and \(n_2\) = initial and final energy levels of the electron
Applying substitution of the given values, we get:
\(1/lambda = (1.097 * 10^7 m^{-1} )(1/6^{2} - 1/2^{2} )\)
Evaluating for λ, we get:
λ = 102.55 nm
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The volume of 3.00 M stock solution that you should add to a 25.00 ml volumetric flask in order to prepare a 1.250 M solution is 10.42 mL.

To prepare a 1.250 M solution of KOH, you will need to use the formula for dilution: M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ where M₁ is the initial molarity, V₁ is the initial volume, M₂ is the final molarity, and V₂ is the final volume.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

(3.00 M)(V₁) = (1.250 M)(25.00 mL)

Solving for V₁, we get:

V₁ = (1.250 M)(25.00 mL) / (3.00 M)

V₁ = 10.42 mL

Therefore, you should add 10.42 mL of the 3.00 M stock solution to the 25.00 mL volumetric flask before filling it to the calibration mark to prepare a 1.250 M solution of KOH.

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The wavelength will be longer, increasing the diffraction angle.

The separation between two successive wave crests or troughs is known as a wavelength.

Here are some wavelength illustrations: Yellow Light, for instance. All visible light has a wavelength between 400 and 700 nanometers (nm).

Radio waves, light waves, and infrared (heat) waves are examples of electromagnetic radiation that flow through space in distinct patterns.

The symbol for the wavelength in the SI is often the letter m. Additionally, multiples or fractions of a metre are employed when calculating wavelength. The use of exponential powers of 10 is noteworthy when wavelengths are a significant feature.

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Answer:

Simple Response: The diffraction angle of the waves is approximately equal to the wavelength divided by the gap width. Therefore, increasing the wavelength will increase the diffraction angle.

Explanation:

Answer:

.587 s

Explanation:

d = 1/2 a t^2

1.69 m  = 1/2 ( 9.81 m/s^2) (t^2)

  t = .587 s

The original source of light energy emitted by a protostar is due to the acceleration of charged particles, most charged particles are p-p (proton-proton )chain. Protostars generate most of their energy from gravitational contraction.

What is a protostar?

A Protostar is a newly formed young star that gathers its mass from parent molecular cloud. Protostar is formed by contraction of gas mass which represents an early stage in the formation of a star.

It is basically a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust in space which believed to develop into a star by gravitational force. The process of evolving a protostar takes up to 100,000 to 10 million years. This stage is known as stellar evolution.

The another word for protostar is neutron-star.

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Answer:

1. Time: Second

2. Length: Meter

3. Mass: Kilogram

4. Temperatur: Kelvin

Explanation:

...

Answer: A is the correct answer :)

Explanation:

Answer:

1)  Theories are constructed after there is numerous data collected during the experiment.

2) I think it’s many scientists all over the world accept it as true.

3) to explain natural and physical phenomena

Explanation:

By unit conversion, the flow rate is 600,000 liters/min or 158503.23 gallons/min.

We need to know about unit conversion to solve this problem. The unit conversion can be used to convert a unit to another unit. It can be defined as

a = xb

where a is unit a, b is unit b and x is the constant of conversion.

From the question above, we know that

Q = 10 m³/s

Convert to liters / min

Q = 10 m³/s

Q = 10 x1000 liters/(1/60 min)

Q = 600,000 liters/min

Convert to US gallons/min

Q = 600,000 liters/min

Q = 600,000 x 0.264 gallons/min

Q = 158503.23 gallons/min

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No, not all of the conduction electrons in a conductor are on the surface.

In a conductor, the valence electrons are not bound to any specific atom but are free to move throughout the material. Under electrostatic conditions, excess charge is redistributed in such a way that it resides on the surface of the conductor. This is because like charges repel each other, so the excess charge on the conductor will distribute itself as far away from other like charges as possible, which is on the surface.

However, the conduction electrons that carry the current through the conductor are not necessarily all on the surface. These electrons move through the bulk of the material, and their behavior is determined by the properties of the material as a whole. The distribution of charge on the surface does not affect the overall behavior of the conduction electrons within the bulk of the conductor. Therefore, while the excess charge on a conductor resides on its surface, not all of the conduction electrons in the conductor are on the surface.

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To go from one new moon to the next, the Moon must rotate slightly more than 360° because of the Earth's continuous motion along its orbit around the Sun.

A synodic month lasts 29.531 days, while a sidereal month is 27.322 days long. The synodic month, or the full cycle of the Moon's phases as viewed from Earth, lasts an average of 29.530588 mean solar days.

(i.e., 29 days, 12 hours, and 44 minutes and 3 seconds); due to changes in the Moon's orbit, the lengths of all astronomical months vary slightly.

Therefore, the synodic month, often known as the lunar month, is hence longer than the sidereal month

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The speed of the puck after the force is applied for 0.050 s is approximately 0.75 m/s to the left. Note that the negative sign indicates the direction

To find the speed of the hockey puck after the applied force, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration:

F_net = m * a

In this case, the net force acting on the puck is the applied force of 12.0 N directed to the left. The mass of the puck is 0.160 kg. We need to calculate the acceleration of the puck.

The acceleration can be calculated using the equation:

a = F_net / m

a = 12.0 N / 0.160 kg

a = 75 m/s²

Since the initial speed of the puck is to the right, and the force applied is to the left, the net force acts to oppose the motion. Therefore, the acceleration is negative (-75 m/s²).

To find the final speed of the puck, we can use the equation:

v_final = v_initial + a * t

where:

v_final is the final speed,

v_initial is the initial speed,

a is the acceleration,

t is the time.

Plugging in the given values:

v_final = 3.00 m/s + (-75 m/s²) * 0.050 s

v_final = 3.00 m/s - 3.75 m/s

v_final ≈ -0.75 m/s

The speed of the puck after the force is applied for 0.050 s is approximately 0.75 m/s to the left. Note that the negative sign indicates the direction, which in this case is opposite to the initial motion of the puck.

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Solar cells and chloroplasts are similar in that they both harness energy from sunlight.

Plants and algae are natural biological solar collectors. These organisms support most life on Earth by capturing light energy from the sun and converting it into dense energy molecules through the process of photosynthesis. Both solar cells and plants get their energy from sunlight. Photovoltaic solar cells collect sunlight and convert it into electricity.

Plant leaves collect sunlight and convert it into stored chemical energy. Solar cells and plants do the same thing but in different ways. Solar energy is obtained as chemical energy in the process of converting water and carbon dioxide into glucose. Oxygen is released as a by-product. Cellular respiration uses oxygen to break down glucose releasing chemical energy and heat in the process.

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Here's an example that includes absorption, refraction, and reflection in seawater:

When sunlight enters the ocean, different processes occur:

1. Absorption: As sunlight penetrates seawater, some wavelengths of light (such as red and yellow) are absorbed by the water molecules, reducing their intensity.

This absorption is why deeper water appears bluer, as blue wavelengths are absorbed less by the water and can penetrate deeper.

2. Refraction: When sunlight passes from air to seawater, the change in medium causes the light to bend, a process called refraction.

This bending of light is due to the different speeds at which light travels through air and seawater.

Refraction affects the way underwater objects appear, making them seem closer and larger than they actually are.

3. Reflection: When sunlight hits the surface of seawater, a portion of the light is reflected back into the atmosphere.

The angle of incidence (the angle at which the light hits the water) determines how much light is reflected.

At shallow angles, more light is reflected, and this is why the ocean can appear very bright and shiny from a distance.

In summary, sunlight entering seawater undergoes absorption (wavelengths of light being absorbed by water molecules), refraction (bending of light due to the change in medium), and reflection (light bouncing off the surface of the water).

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The rock sitting on the cliff that is 25 m high has the gratest gravitational potential energy.

Potential energy is defined as the energy of an object by virtue of it's location. Mathematically, it is written as:

PE = mgh

Where

To determine the rock with the grater potential energy, we shall determine the potential energy of both rock assuming they have the same mass. Details below:

For rock sitting at 25 m high:

PE = mgh

PE = 10 × 9.8 × 25

PE = 2450 J

For rock sitting at 12 m high:

PE = mgh

PE = 10 × 9.8 × 12

PE = 1176 J

From the above calculation, we have:

Thus, we can conclude that the rock sitting at 25 m high, has the gratest potential energy.

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Answer:

answer is 2 option because more force is applied

Light from a certain lamp is brightest at a wavelength of 668 nm. 2.966 x 10⁻¹⁹ J is the photon energy for light at that wavelength.

The photon energy of light can be calculated using the formula E = hc/λ, where E is the energy of the photon, h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J s), c is the speed of light (3 x 10⁸ m/s), and λ is the wavelength of the light.

The energy and wavelength of a photon are inversely proportional. Blue light has a shorter wavelength than red light, hence it has more energy per photon than red light.

Blue light has shorter wavelengths, ranging from 450 to 495 nanometers. Red light has longer waves and wavelengths between 620 and 750 nm. Blue light is more energetic and has a higher frequency than red light.

The energy of a photon changes with wavelength; longer wavelengths have less energy than shorter ones. Red photons, for instance, have lower energy than blue ones.
So, to calculate the photon energy for light at a wavelength of 668 nm, we first need to convert the wavelength from nanometers to meters. This can be done by dividing by 10⁹.
668 nm / 10⁹ = 0.000000668 m
Now we can plug this value into the formula:
E = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J s) x (3 x 10⁸ m/s) / (0.000000668 m)
E = 2.966 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
Therefore, the photon energy for light at a wavelength of 668 nm is 2.966 x 10⁻¹⁹ Joules.

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Answer: The width of bands will be 2λ

Explanation: Please see the attachments below

The magnitude of the third force is 7.93 N and South west direction.

Force \( F_{1}\) = 6 N in east direction

Force \( F_{2}\) = 3 N 60 degrees in northeast direction

Three forces are acting on the body. For a body to be in equilibrium the sum of all three forces must be zero.

Net force = \( F_{1}\) + \( F_{2}\) + \( F_{3}\)

Resolving the forces in x and y directions,

\( F_{1x}\) = 6N

\( F_{1x}\) = 0N

\( F_{2y}\) = 3cos(60) = 1.5 N

\( F_{2y}\) = 3sin(60) = 2.59 N

Hence calculating the third force magnitude

\( F_{3x}\) = net F - \( F_{1x}\) - \( F_{2x}\)

\( F_{3x}\) = 0-6-1.5

\( F_{3x}\) = -7.5 N

Similarly

\( F_{3y}\) = net F - \( F_{1y}\) - \( F_{2y}\)

\( F_{3y}\) = 0-0-2.59

\( F_{3y}\) = -2.59 N

Magnitude of resultant

\( F_{3} = \sqrt[ 2 ] {{F_{3x}}^{2} +{F_{3y}}^{2} }\)

\( F_{3} = \sqrt{ { - 7.5}^{2} + { - 2.59}^{2} } \)

\( F_{3}\) = 7.93 N

Since the resultant is the closing vector the direction is south west.

Hence the magnitude and direction if Third force are 7.39 N and Southwest respectively.

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Answer:

20 ns

Explanation:

Since the deflection plates are in series with the resistor, the deflection plates act as a capacitor.

So, the set-up is a series RC circuit.

The voltage across the deflection plates V =

\(V = V_{0}(1 - e^{-\frac{t}{RC} } )\)

where V₀ = voltage applied = 100 V, R = resistance of resistor = 1075 Ω and C = capacitance of deflection plates and t = time to reach 65 V

The capacitance of the deflection plates C = ε₀A/d where ε₀ = permittivity of free space = 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m, A = area of deflection plates = 10 cm × 2 cm = 20 cm² = 20 × 10⁻⁴ m² and d = distance between deflection plates = 1 mm = 1 × 10⁻³ m.

So, C = ε₀A/d

C =  8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m × 20 × 10⁻⁴ m²/1 × 10⁻³ m

C =  177.08 × 10⁻¹⁶ Fm/1 × 10⁻³ m

C =  177.08 × 10⁻¹³ F

C = 17.708 × 10⁻¹² F

Since we require the time it takes the capacitor to reach 65 Volts, V = 65 and we make t subject of the formula,

So, \(V = V_{0}(1 - e^{-\frac{t}{RC} } )\)

\(\frac{V}{V_{0}} = (1 - e^{-\frac{t}{RC} } )\\e^{-\frac{t}{RC} } = 1 - \frac{V}{V_{0}}\)

taking natural logarithm of both sides, we have

-t/RC = ㏑(1 - V/V₀)

t = -RC㏑(1 - V/V₀)

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

t = -RC㏑(1 - V/V₀)

t = -1075 Ω × 17.708 × 10⁻¹² F㏑(1 - 65 V/100 V)

t = -19036.1 × 10⁻¹² ΩF㏑(1 - 0.65)

t = -19036.1 × 10⁻¹² ΩF㏑(0.35)

t = -19036.1 × 10⁻¹² × -1.0498 s

t = 19984.5189 × 10⁻¹² s

t = 1.99845189 × 10⁻⁸ s

t = 19.99845189 × 10⁻⁹ s

t ≅ 20 × 10⁻⁹ s

t ≅ 20 ns

So, the time it takes the potential difference between the deflection plates to reach 65 V is 20 ns.

The process involves using the Mach angle formula and the Prandtl-Meyer function, along with the isentropic relation for supersonic flow.

To calculate the deflection angle of the corner in a supersonic flow, we can use the Prandtl-Meyer expansion theory.
Given the initial Mach number (m1) of 1.58 and the initial pressure (p1) of 1 atm, we need to find the deflection angle.
First, we can use the Mach angle formula:
Mach angle (θM) = arcsin(1/m1)
Substituting the given Mach number, we have:
θM = arcsin(1/1.58)
Using a calculator, we find that θM is approximately 37.1 degrees.
Next, we can use the Prandtl-Meyer function to find the Mach angle downstream of the corner (θ2). The Prandtl-Meyer function relates the Mach angles before and after the expansion.
The Prandtl-Meyer function is defined as:
ν(M) = √((γ+1)/(γ-1)) * arctan(√((γ-1)/(γ+1)*(M²-1))) - arctan(√(M²-1))
where γ is the ratio of specific heats and M is the Mach number.
To find θ2, we can rearrange the equation and solve for M2 (Mach number downstream of the corner):
M2 = √(1 + (ν2/√((γ+1)/(γ-1))))
Since ν1 = θM and ν2 = θ2, we can rewrite the equation as:
M2 = √(1 + (θ2/√((γ+1)/(γ-1))))
Now, we can find the Mach number downstream of the corner using the given pressure downstream (p2 = 0.1306 atm) and the ratio of specific heats (γ).
Using the isentropic relation for supersonic flow:
(p2/p1) = (1 + ((γ-1)/2)*M2²)^(γ/(γ-1))
Substituting the given values, we have:
(0.1306/1) = (1 + ((γ-1)/2)*M2²)^(γ/(γ-1))
Solving this equation will give us the Mach number downstream of the corner (M2).
Finally, using the equation:
θ2 = ν2 - ν1
we can find the deflection angle (θ2) by subtracting the Mach angle before the corner (θM) from the Mach angle downstream of the corner (θ2).
In conclusion, to calculate the deflection angle of the corner in a supersonic flow, we can use the Prandtl-Meyer expansion theory. By finding the Mach angle before and after the corner, and subtracting them, we can determine the deflection angle. The process involves using the Mach angle formula and the Prandtl-Meyer function, along with the isentropic relation for supersonic flow. By substituting the given values, we can find the Mach number downstream of the corner and calculate the deflection angle.

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