Molecular studies have changed many of the phylogenetic relationships previously identified by morphological studies. An example of such a change is . A. Lochotrophozora B. Placozoa C. Brachiopoda D. Bivalvia

CC x cc

(red parent) (yellow parent)

Cc x Cc

(offspring from first generation)

C_ x c_

(choose two offspring from first gen)

C_ x Cc

(cross each with Cc parent)

The Punnett square diagram shows genetic segregation and recombination in sexual reproduction of trees with different apple colors. By crossing red and yellow parent trees, a diverse array of offspring with different apple colors (red, yellow, pink) can be produced. The offspring have different combinations of the C and c alleles that determine apple color. Some offspring will receive only C alleles (red), only c alleles (yellow), or both (pink). Further crosses with new parental trees will provide even more variation.

Ever-increasing genetic diversity can be achieved through multiple generations of sexual reproduction.

Cc (parent)

|

Cc (offspring)

|

Cc (offspring)

|

Cc (offspring)

Cc (parent) Cc (offspring)

| |

Cc (offspring) Cc (offspring)

Through asexual reproduction via grafting, the branching diagram shows how the same genetic material (Cc) is propagated. The offspring are genetically identical clones of the parent tree. No new combinations of alleles or genetic diversity are produced. The trees will continue to produce apples of the same color (in this case, red and yellow) as the original parent. Asexual reproduction maintains the existing genotype across generations.

Mark me brainliest

Punnett squares demonstrates that se.x.ual reproduction can produce genetic variation in the offspring, leading to new combinations of traits.

Branching diagram shows that asexual reproduction can produce trees with consistent traits, but lacks genetic variation as only one genotype is being passed down through generations.

What constitutes the models?

Modeling sexual reproduction using Punnett squares shows that the offspring inherit one allele from each parent. When a red parent with the genotype CC is crossed with a yellow parent with the genotype cc, all the first-generation offspring will have the genotype Cc and have red apple fruit.

\(read\) \(it\) \(all\)!

When these first-generation offspring are crossed with another tree that has the genotype Cc, the second-generation offspring will have the genotype CC, Cc, or cc and either have red or yellow apple fruit.

This model demonstrates that sexual reproduction can produce genetic variation in the offspring, leading to new combinations of traits.

Modeling asexual reproduction using a branching diagram shows that the offspring are genetically identical to the parent tree, as the same genotype is maintained through grafting. Starting with a parent tree that has the genotype Cc and grafting it to four other trees results in four identical offspring that also have the genotype Cc.

When two of these offspring are chosen as parents for a second generation of grafted trees, the resulting offspring will also be genetically identical to the parent trees.

This model shows that asexual reproduction can produce trees with consistent traits, but lacks genetic variation as only one genotype is being passed down through generations.

learn more about sexual reproduction: brainly.com/question/815744

#SPJ1

Chemical cold packs are carried on the ambulance for the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries.

What are chemical cold packs?

A cold pack is a device used to deliver cold therapy. It can help relieve pain and inflammation caused by an injury or a chronic condition, such as arthritis.

The cold can help reduce swelling, inflammation, and pain by constricting blood vessels and slowing nerve impulses.To prevent the treatment area from becoming too cold, cold packs usually are wrapped in a cloth or a towel before being applied to the skin. This helps prevent frostbite, which can damage your skin and underlying tissues.

What are musculoskeletal injuries?

Musculoskeletal injuries are injuries to the musculoskeletal system, including the bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These types of injuries can be caused by a variety of things, including falls, sports injuries, and car accidents. Common musculoskeletal injuries include sprains, strains, and fractures.The answer to the question is B. Musculoskeletal injuries.

To know more about   inflammation, visit

https://brainly.com/question/32375535

#SPJ11

Answer:

I believe the answer is A: a decrease in the mice population

Answer:

Maybe A

Explanation:

Because due to the fact that there is a shortage in mice might cause a decrease in snake population

Rodent cycles occur due to a combination of factors, including food availability, predation, and reproductive biology.

A) Rodent cycles occur due to a combination of factors, including food availability, predation, and reproductive biology. The primary driver of rodent cycles is typically fluctuations in the abundance of their main food source, such as seeds, fruits, or vegetation. When food is abundant, rodent populations experience rapid growth. As their population increases, competition for resources intensifies, leading to a decline in food availability. This scarcity of food triggers a decline in the rodent population through increased mortality rates, reduced reproduction, and dispersal.

B) Rodent cycles are synchronized over large areas due to several factors. One key factor is the dispersal behavior of rodents. During periods of high population density and food scarcity, rodents tend to disperse in search of new resources and territories. This dispersal often occurs over long distances, allowing the synchronized movement of rodent populations across vast areas.

Additionally, environmental cues, such as changes in photoperiod (day length), can act as signals for rodents to enter reproductive or dispersal phases. When these cues align across a wide geographical range, it can lead to the synchronization of rodent cycles.

C) Rodent cycles can have significant ecosystem consequences. During the peak population phase, rodents exert intense herbivory pressure on vegetation, leading to changes in plant community composition and structure. This can result in the reduction of vegetation cover, changes in plant species dominance, and alterations in ecosystem dynamics. The grazing and seed predation activities of rodents can affect plant regeneration, seed dispersal, and overall plant diversity.

Furthermore, rodent cycles have cascading effects on other organisms within the ecosystem. For example, during peak rodent abundance, predators that rely on rodents as their main food source, such as owls, foxes, and snakes, also experience population increases. These predator-prey interactions can have indirect effects on other species in the ecosystem, influencing community dynamics and trophic interactions.

D) An illustrating example of rodent cycles is the population dynamics of the lemmings in the Arctic tundra. Lemmings, small rodents adapted to the harsh Arctic environment, are known for their cyclic population fluctuations. They undergo periods of population explosions, followed by dramatic crashes. Lemming populations increase rapidly during periods of abundant food resources, such as the growth of vegetation in summer. As the population grows, competition for resources intensifies, and food becomes limited. This scarcity triggers a decline in the lemming population through increased mortality rates and reduced reproduction. The population crash can lead to local extinctions or dispersal to new areas, where the cycle may repeat. The lemming cycles have important effects on their predators, such as Arctic foxes and snowy owls, which depend on lemmings as a primary food source.

To know more about Rodents follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/30003119

#SPJ4

Answer:

bioata:

Explanation:

a specim of life in a specific area, rime period, or habitat

Explanation:

Bryophytes are a proposed taxonomic division containing three groups of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although they can survive in drier environments. The bryophytes consist of about 20,000 plant species.

Answer:

The term Bryophyta came up from the word 'Bryon' which means mosses and phyton, meaning plants. These are the plants that grow in shady and damp areas and are small in size. They lack vascular tissues. They reproduce through spores instead of producing flowers and seeds.

Explanation:

hope this helps

The parents are heterozygous for the gene that causes curly hair. As a result, their offspring will have a 50% chance of receiving the curly hair gene and a 50% chance of acquiring the straight hair gene.

If one parent has curly hair and the other has straight hair, each child will receive one allele from both parents. All of the children will have wavy hair.

Because the straight gene is dominant and present on the X chromosome, the chance of curly hair for the first kid is 50%. Option (D) one in two is the right answer. The alleles for curly hair and straight hair are instances of codominant alleles for a phenotype.

Learn more about to heterozygous

https://brainly.com/question/3712307

#SPJ4

The motor also known as efferent division of the nervous system consists of motor nerves which ends in the skeletal muscles. These nerves provide signals from the CNS and PNS to the glands, muscles, and organs, which affect how those tissues function. These neurons are responsible for relaying CNS impulses to the viscera, muscles, and glands.

According to biology's traditional idea of the nervous system, an animal's nervous system is a highly sophisticated component that coordinates its movements and sensory data by sending and receiving signals to and from various regions of the body. The nervous system notices bodily impacting environmental changes, and then collaborates with the endocrine system to react to such occurrences. Around 550–600 million years ago, worm-like invertebrates were the first to develop nervous tissue. The discovery of electrical signals in plants and their utilization in recent decades, however, has called into question this conventional wisdom. These findings have led some researchers to suggest that plants have nervous systems and that the field of plant neurobiology should be established.

To know more about nervous system visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29355295
#SPJ1

One substance that has been genetically engineered into transgenic rice has the potential to treat cancer. This substance, known as a rice-based therapeutic protein, has been found to have anti-tumor properties, making it a potential treatment for cancer.

The process of genetically engineering a crop like rice to produce a therapeutic protein involves introducing a gene that codes for the protein into the plant's genome. This is done using a technique called recombinant DNA technology, which allows scientists to precisely control the location and expression of the gene within the plant. Once the gene is inserted, the plant is able to produce the protein, which can then be harvested and used as a treatment.

One of the benefits of using transgenic rice as a source of therapeutic proteins is that it is a highly efficient and cost-effective method of production. Rice is a staple crop that is grown in many parts of the world, and it is relatively easy to grow and harvest. Additionally, the cost of producing transgenic rice is significantly lower than that of traditional methods of protein production, such as using bacteria or animal cells.

Learn more about transgenic rice at :https://brainly.com/question/27677411

#SPJ4

Of the factors mentioned, both i. habitat destruction and ii. exotic species introduction are important in promoting species endangerment and ultimately extinction. Increased tropospheric ozone (iii.) is not typically considered a direct factor in promoting species endangerment and extinction, although it can have detrimental effects on certain species and ecosystems.

i. Habitat destruction: The destruction, fragmentation, or degradation of natural habitats is a major driver of species endangerment and extinction. When habitats are destroyed or altered, species lose their homes, food sources, and breeding grounds, leading to population declines and eventual extinction.

ii. Exotic species introduction: The introduction of non-native species into an ecosystem can have significant negative impacts on native species. Exotic species often lack natural predators or competitors in their new environment, allowing them to outcompete native species for resources, prey on them, or introduce diseases. This disruption can lead to population declines and the displacement or extinction of native species.

iii. Increased tropospheric ozone: While increased tropospheric ozone can have detrimental effects on plant health and agricultural productivity, it is not typically considered a direct factor in promoting species endangerment and extinction. Its impacts are more localized and tend to affect specific groups of organisms rather than causing widespread species extinction.

It's important to note that there are several other factors, such as pollution, climate change, overexploitation, and loss of genetic diversity, which also play significant roles in promoting species endangerment and extinction. The interplay of these factors and their cumulative effects often contribute to the decline and loss of species diversity.

Learn more about habitat: https://brainly.com/question/728057

#SPJ11

The answer choice that is not considered to be a part of the endomembrane system is mitochondria.

The endomembrane system is a network of membrane-bound organelles involved in the transport of molecules within the cell. It includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles. These organelles are connected either directly or indirectly and work together to modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids.

Mitochondria, on the other hand, are not a part of the endomembrane system. They are organelles that generate energy for the cell through the process of cellular respiration. While mitochondria have a double membrane structure, they are not directly involved in the transport of molecules within the cell or in the modification of proteins and lipids.

Hence, the correct option is D.

To know more about mitochondria here

https://brainly.com/question/15159664

#SPJ4

Answer:

answer is 2,3,4 on edge

Explanation:

took the test

Answer:

2,3,4

Explanation:

edge 2020 warm-up

Answer:the cell membrane provides protection for a cell

Explanation: that some molecules can diffuse across the lipid bilayer but others no

That the allele that gives human red blood cells increased resistance to malarial parasites also reduces the amount of oxygen those cells can carry demonstrates Pleiotropy.

Pleiotropy is when a single gene demonstrates multiple phenotypic traits.

The cause of pleiotropy is the development of several distinct by overlapping  mechanisms.

The phenotypic traits determine the external or the physical features of the organism. This could be the height, the weight, the color, etc.,

The phenotype of an organism is influenced by its genetic makeup.

Learn more about Pleiotropy with the help of given link:

https://brainly.com/question/7642700

#SPJ4

Question: Why are tood deserts dangerous to a community.

Explanation:

In food deserts, healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy, peas, beans,meat ,and fish are often expensive or unobtainable

The lack of access to healthily foods in these communities translates to health disparities and high rates of chronic disease

Answer:

this is only what I know

Explanation:

Without access to healthy foods and people living in food deserts may be a higher risk of diet-related conditions as such as obesity, diabetes and even worse is that cardiovascular disease

Answer:

the different between an comminuty and an ecosystem is that an ecosystem including abitic factors are false.

A genetic mutation that prevents a cell from synthesizing functional cohesions is likely to disrupt the later stages of the cell cycle, specifically during mitosis.

Interphase, which is made up of the G1, S, and G2 phases, and mitosis are two stages of the highly regulated cell cycle (which consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). Sister chromatids are held together by cohesions during the S phase of interphase following DNA replication and to ensure appropriate segregation of them during mitosis.

Studies of cohesion-related genetic illnesses, such Roberts syndrome and Cornelia de Lange syndrome, which are brought on by cohesion gene mutations, provide evidence in favor of this. These syndromes are linked to a variety of developmental abnormalities, such as craniofacial defects, limb abnormalities and intellectual disability. It is thought that these abnormalities are brought on by cell cycle disruptions and altered gene expression patterns as a result of faulty cohesion function.

To know more about genetic mutation

brainly.com/question/1282397

#SPJ11

Answer:

Since the control is different, making an accurate prediction for this test is difficult.

Explanation:

Answer:

B.The method ensures that offspring will be dispersed and reduces competition for resources.

Explanation:

Answer:

Phosphorus in ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) comes from various sources, including food and cellular metabolic processes. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient in many foods, such as meat, fish, dairy, and whole grains. When we consume these foods, the phosphate is broken down and absorbed by the body, which can then be used to synthesize ATP in the cells.

Furthermore, the cellular metabolic processes, such as the breakdown of glucose, release Pi, which can be recycled to make more ATP. During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, and Pi is released as a byproduct. This Pi is then used to replenish the phosphate groups in ATP, essential for energy transfer within the cells.

Answer:

An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.

Sometimes an earthquake has foreshocks. These are smaller earthquakes that happen in the same place as the larger earthquake that follows. Scientists can’t tell that an earthquake is a foreshock until the larger earthquake happens. The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock. Mainshocks always have aftershocks that follow. These are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same place as the mainshock. Depending on the size of the mainshock, aftershocks can continue for weeks, months, and even years after the mainshock!

think I dont know what do u think

According to the size principle of motor recruitment, muscle fibers are recruited in a specific order during activity. The order of recruitment is based on the size of the motor units, which is determined by the size of the muscle fibers.

The size principle of motor recruitment states that motor units are recruited in order of their size. Motor units consist of a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates. Small motor units are recruited first, followed by progressively larger motor units, as muscle force requirements increase. The order of recruitment of motor units is directly related to the size of the motor neuron, with smaller neurons innervating small motor units and larger neurons innervating large motor units. This allows for more precise control of muscle force during activity. For example, during a low-intensity activity such as standing, small motor units are recruited, whereas during a high-intensity activity such as lifting a heavy weight, larger motor units are recruited.

learn more about muscle fibers

https://brainly.com/question/1370027

#SPJ11

Answer:

To produce natural oils for the skin

Explanation:

The normal function of sebaceous glands is to produce and secrete sebum, a group of complex oils including triglycerides and fatty acid breakdown products, wax esters, squalene, cholesterol esters and cholesterol.

Sebum lubricates the skin to protect against friction and makes it more impervious to moisture

Answer:

first level consumers?- abou 100 units

Second level consumers- about 10 units

Third level of consumers- about 1 unit

Explanation:

Food chain describes the feeding pattern of a group of organisms in an ecosystem. The food chain shows how one organism in one TROPHIC LEVEL feeds on another organism in another. As organisms are being fed on, energy is being transferred.

A food chain always starts with a PRODUCER, which occupies the first and lowest trophic level. It creates the energy transfer as it obtains energy via photosynthetic process. The flow of energy as shown by an energy pyramid is Producer----First level consumer----Second level consumer------Third level consumer.

However, only about 10% of the available energy is transferred and accessible by the next organism. This is because about 90% of the energy has been lost as heat when the organism undergoes metabolic processes. Hence, if 1000 units of energy was present at the producer level, 10/100 × 1000= 100 units will be available to first level consumers.

Also, 10/100 × 100= 10 units of energy will be available to second level consumers and finally 10/100 × 10= 1 unit of energy will be available to talk third level consumer.

False. Successional data is highly dependent on local environmental factors and cannot be accurately applied to a different area without considering those specific factors.

Therefore, it is not reliable to estimate elapsed time since death based on successional data from a different area. Successional data refers to the changes in species composition over time in an ecosystem following a disturbance, such as death. Applying successional data from one area to a different area can lead to inaccurate estimates of elapsed time since death, as different regions may have varying environmental conditions, species compositions, and ecological processes.

It is important to consider the specific context and characteristics of each area when estimating elapsed time since death.

Learn more about time elapsed here:

https://brainly.com/question/29775096

#SPJ11

I found this image of some chips on a website that look kind of like elbow macaroni the second image because this website didn't let me type in the the name.

If Marissa and Gene have phenotypes at the opposite extremes of a polygenic trait, their children will most likely have a phenotype that is somewhere in between their two extremes.

Explanation:

Polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes, each of which contributes to the overall phenotype. The phenotypic expression of a polygenic trait is continuous, meaning that it falls on a spectrum rather than being a clear-cut, dichotomous trait like many Mendelian traits.

For example, skin color is a polygenic trait that is controlled by many different genes. The expression of these genes leads to a continuous range of skin tones from very light to very dark.

If Marissa and Gene have phenotypes at opposite extremes of a polygenic trait, it means that they are at opposite ends of the spectrum for that trait. For example, if the trait is height and Marissa is very short while Gene is very tall, their children would most likely have a height that is somewhere in between the two extremes. The exact phenotype of the children will depend on the specific genes they inherit from their parents, as well as other factors that can influence gene expression.

Know more about Polygenic traits here,

https://brainly.com/question/4161162

#SPJ11