nails are hardened structures of the stratum __________ containing much more ____________ than skin.
Answers
Nails are hardened structures of the stratum corneum, containing much more keratin than skin.
The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of flattened, dead skin cells called corneocytes. These cells are rich in keratin, a fibrous protein that provides strength and durability to the nails.
Nails are specialized structures that serve to protect the tips of our fingers and toes. The keratin in nails contributes to their hardness, making them resistant to damage and wear. Compared to the skin, which also contains keratin in the stratum corneum, nails have a higher concentration of keratin, giving them their distinctive hardness.
The keratin in nails undergoes a process of keratinization, where the cells in the nail matrix, located at the base of the nail, become filled with keratin and gradually push forward, forming the nail plate. This continuous growth and hardening of the nail contribute to its unique characteristics.
To know more about the stratum corneum refer here :
https://brainly.com/question/6955146
#SPJ11
Related Questions
need help again
What was causing the change in the color of the moths?
Answers
Answer:
the light-colored form of the peppered moth has different genes from the dark form. The black color of the dark form was due to a mutation in the DNA of the light-colored form
FILL IN THE BLANK. even though plant cells photosynthesize, they still use their mitochondria for oxidation of pyruvate and cellular respiration. this will occur in ___ . cells that are storing glucose only all cells all the time non-photosynthesizing cells only all cells all the time photosynthesizing cells in the light and in other tissues in the dark
Answers
Even though plant cells photosynthesize, they still use their mitochondria for oxidation of pyruvate and cellular respiration this will occur in all cells all the time .
What is cellular respiration in plants?The process by which sugar is broken down in the presence of oxygen in the mitochondria of organisms (animals and plants) to release energy in the form of ATP is known as cellular respiration. Water and carbon dioxide are waste products of this process. Plants can carry out cellular respiration because they have mitochondria.Oxidation of pyruvate in plants:Eukaryotic cells' mitochondrial matrix is the site of pyruvate oxidation.Pyruvate becomes an acetyl group connected to a carrier molecule of coenzyme A when oxygen is present. The resultant acetyl CoA can enter a number of pathways, although the citric acid cycle is usually where the acetyl group is given for further catabolism.For more information on cellular respiration in plants kindly visit to
https://brainly.com/question/28532054
#SPJ4
a secretion produced by certain cells of the alveoli that reduces the surface tension of water molecules, thus preventing the collapse of the alveoli after each expiration is a/an:
Answers
Alveolar Surface Tension is Reduced by Pulmonary Surfactant. A lipoprotein substance known as surfactant is secreted by type II alveolar cells.
What use do alveoli serve?While breathing in and out, oxygen and nutrients are exchanged between the blood and alveoli in the lungs. When oxygen is inhaled from the air, it gets to the body's tissues via the alveoli, blood, and structures inside the body.
What components make up alveoli?An alveolus is made up of an extracellular matrix encircled by capillaries, a layer of simple columnar mucosa (very thin, flattened cells), and also an epithelial layer. The alveolar membrane, sometimes known as the oxygen diffuses, which permits the exchange of gases, includes the epithelial lining.
To know more about Alveoli visit:
https://brainly.com/question/16834579
#SPJ4
What microbe is likely to be found in raw and undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, and contaminated water?.
Answers
Answer: Campylobacter can be found in some of the same places as Norovirus and Clostridium.
Explanation: I hope this helps!!!!
Does the power of the human eye increase or decrease when the ciliary muscles contract?
Answers
The eye lens thickens and shortens in focal length when the ciliary muscle contracts. The lens is able to adjust its focal length as needed.
Because there is less tension on the zonular fibers when the ciliary muscle contracts, the lens becomes more spherical and has better focussing power. These fibers tighten when the ciliary muscles relax, forcing the lens out into a flatter shape with reduced focusing power.
The lens becomes more spherical when the ciliary muscles constrict. The concentration power therefore grows. As a result, the object is readily visible. It is referred to as accomodation. The lens becomes thin and the focal length of the eye lens rises when the ciliary muscles are relaxed.
Learn more about muscles visit: brainly.com/question/25778330
#SPJ4
What muscle is each number
Answers
Answer:
XD 175 + 25$ like they said would be 200. jake would still be behind $25, therfore being the wrong answer provided.
Explanation:
Qué tipo de anomalía cromosómica es el síndrome de down y Cómo se manifiesta? ¿Qué tipo de anomalía cromosómica es el síndrome de angelman y Cómo se manifiesta?
Answers
Answer:
El síndrome de Down es el resultado de un niño nacido con un cromosoma adicional agregado al número esperado de cromosomas (generalmente destinado a ser 46).
El síndrome de Angelman se produce cuando un niño nace con una mutación en el 15º cromosoma heredado de los padres.
Explanation:
En el síndrome de Down, se agrega un cromosoma adicional al complemento de cromosomas que un niño debe heredar de sus padres. Se supone que un niño tiene un complemento de 46 cromosomas (23 cada uno) de ambos padres. Una vez que hay un aumento en este número, se establece el síndrome de down. Es una condición cromosómica común. Puede manifestarse como una trisomía, causada por la no disyunción durante la división celular, lo que resulta en 3 copias del cromosoma 21 en lugar de 2 copias, mosaicismo, donde una mezcla de células se clasifican en 2 grupos que contienen un complemento completo de 46 cromosomas y el otro un el cromosoma adicional lo hace 47 y la translocación ocurre cuando un cromosoma 21 adicional o parte del 21 se une al cromosoma 14. Los niños generalmente tienen cabezas y orejas pequeñas, cuellos cortos, caras planas, etc.
En el síndrome de Angelman, el cerebro se ve afectado en gran medida, debido al efecto de la mutación en el sistema nervioso. La pérdida de la función en el 15º cromosoma es responsable del síndrome de Angelman, que resulta en la incapacidad del niño para hablar, mantener el equilibrio, moverse, un desarrollo deficiente tanto física como intelectualmente.
At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, magma ------------ Earth’s crust, pushing the North American plate and the Eurasian plate ---------- each other. Because of the movement of the plates, the Atlantic Ocean continuously becomes -----------------
1 rises form or sinks beneath
2 away form or toward
3 Wider or narrower
Answers
The magma rises from Earth’s crust, pushing the North American plate and the Eurasian plate away from each other at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, due to the movement of the plates, the Atlantic Ocean continuously becomes wider.
What are Tectonic Plates?Plate tectonics is the predominantly accepted scientific theory that states that the Earth's lithosphere is composed of several large tectonic plates which have been slowly moving since about 3.4 billion years ago.
When these plates move apart, magma rises to the surface a dozen kilometers below the ocean floor which form a new ocean floor. Large-scale volcanic events create large structures that over time form very ridges, plateaus like Azores, islands and seamounts.
Mountains arise where plates try and force together, or converge, as well as continents shift and oceans form where plates move apart, or diverge.
Thus, the magma rises from Earth’s crust, pushing the North American plate and the Eurasian plate away from each other at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, due to the movement of the plates, the Atlantic Ocean continuously becomes wider.
Learn more about Tectonic Plates, here:
https://brainly.com/question/19317822
#SPJ1
PLEASE HEP ME WITH THESE QUESTIONS. 1.(Solar system, Galaxy): the Sun, the planets, and other celestial bodies that are held by the
Sun’s gravitational attraction.
2. (Black hole, Eclipse): a partial blocking of light from the passage of an object between the
celestial body and the observer or between the celestial body and its source of illumination.
3. (Equator, Axis): an imaginary line through Earth that extends from the North Pole to the South
Pole.
4. (Cyclic pattern, Sporadic pattern): an event or process that contains multiple steps that repeat.
5. (Climate, Seasons): the four divisions of the year based on changes in temperature caused by
varied amounts of sunlight and the tilt of Earth.
Answers
Answer:
1. solar system
The galaxy is much larger than the solar system, and since the question only includes the sun and the other planets, and what's close to that like debris, we should limit this to the solar system.2. eclipse
A black hole is a discontinuity from which light cannot escape. It's by no means partial or temporary, unlike an eclipse, which is when a celestial body covers another (like when the moon temporarily covers the sun).3. axis
The equator is like the circumference of the sphere, and the axis is like a diameter that goes straight through the earth. The axis goes from pole to pole, which is through the earth, so you know it's the correct answer.4. cyclic pattern
"Cyclic" comes from "cycle" which means a consistent pattern. "Sporadic" means with no pattern, capricious.5. seasons
There are four seasons and there aren't four climates, so this should be fairly simple!based on the information above, which of these would most likely be affected by a global warming?
Answers
Polar bear living on the ice sea.
Which statement describes the relationship between DNA molecules and chromosomes?
Answers
Answer: In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecules are packaged into chromosomes.
Explanation:
what is an example of an illness or disease that is transmitted by airborne transmission?hivcommon coldtuberculosismrsa
Answers
An example of an illness or disease that is transmitted by airborne transmission is tuberculosis (TB).
TB is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Other examples of airborne transmitted diseases include COVID-19, influenza, and measles.
Unlike tuberculosis, HIV and MRSA are not airborne diseases, and the common cold can be transmitted through both airborne and direct contact transmission.
A Mycobacteria, is the infection that causes tuberculosis (TB), which can be treated with particular medications.
Therefore, mycobacterial infections are often sluggish and sneaky, symptoms may not appear for a very long time after infection.
To know more about Tuberculosis refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/18173152
#SPJ11
what is the primary pigment that makes leaves green in land plants?
Answers
hope this helps!!
Chlorophyll is the primary pigment that makes leaves green in land plants, by absorbing red and blue light.
What is chlorophyll?It is a pigment present in the plant leaves, through which plant leaves apers green in observation, it plays several roles in the plants other than the green appearance of the leaves.
During photosynthesis, this chlorophyll pigment is responsible to form reaction center through which light is absorbed and leads to a process through which light converts into chemical energy for the synthesis of food.
It is present in the chloroplast, which is the site of photosynthesis, and provides the necessary components for plant food synthesis.
Therefore, the primary pigment that makes leaves green in land plants is known as chlorophyll.
Learn more about chlorophyll, here:
https://brainly.com/question/13500580
#SPJ6
can someone please help me with meassuring pH lab report edge
Answers
Answer:
hey i am sending you the link from that link you can find your answers
Explanation:
https://acrobat.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:55617ca4-6031-3011-a5b5-356b52d34d36
The bottleneck effect and the founder effect are two types of natural selection. genetic drift. mutation. nonrandom mating.
Answers
The correct answer is option B. Genetic Drift is a process of genetic change in a population that occurs when a small group of individuals (a population) separates from the larger population and develops its own distinct gene pool.
The two types of genetic drift are the bottleneck effect and the founder effect. The bottleneck effect occurs when a population is reduced in size due to a natural disaster or human-caused event such as war, and individuals with certain genotypes are more likely to survive than those with other genotypes.
The founder effect is when a subset of individuals separate from the original population and establish a new population elsewhere. The new population has a different gene pool than the original population and is therefore likely to start with different gene frequencies than the original population.
Both the bottleneck effect and the founder effect are examples of genetic drift, which is a random process of genetic change, unlike natural selection which is a non-random process.
Complete Question:
The bottleneck effect and the founder effect are two types of
A. natural selection.
B. genetic drift.
C. mutation.
D. nonrandom mating.
To learn more about bottleneck visit:
https://brainly.com/question/26318776
#SPJ4
What kind of chemical does saccharomyces cerevisiae ferment to produce alcohol?
Answers
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast, ferments glucose to produce alcohol, specifically ethanol.
This process, known as alcoholic fermentation, is a metabolic pathway utilized by yeast and some other microorganisms in the absence of oxygen.
During fermentation, the yeast cells break down glucose through a series of enzymatic reactions. One of the key enzymes involved is pyruvate decarboxylase, which converts pyruvate, a product of glucose metabolism, into acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is then further reduced by another enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase, resulting in the formation of ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide.
The ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment glucose and produce alcohol is widely utilized in various industries, including baking, brewing, and winemaking. The conversion of sugars into alcohol by yeast is a fundamental process in the production of bread, beer, wine, and other fermented beverages.
To know more about Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brainly.com/question/30416155
#SPJ11
Predict the change in gene frequencies as a result of this change to gas furnaces.
Answers
People have built canals and levees to divert water away from its natural flow and prevent floods in residential areas near the Florida Everglades. How have these changes affected the Everglades? О
О Some areas of the Everglades have dried up.
O The population of egrets has increased.
O Farm fertilizer no longer drains into the Everglades.
O Areas of wetland have been filled in for houses.
Answers
Answer:
Some areas of the Everglades have dried up.
Explanation:
These changes have caused some areas of the Everglades to have dried up. The everglades were known as the wetlands due to the massive flooding that occurred often but these canals made it so that water would not flow into some of the areas in the Wetlands. Therefore, since water never reached these areas they quickly began drying up and making the ground infertile due to the lack of water which the plants need to survive.
Which theory suggests that the moon and the earth formed at the same time from dust from the solar nebula that formed the Sun?
Answers
Answer:
co-formation theory
7) What percentage of ppm of dissolved oxygen indicates good water quality?
a) 6.7
b) 8
c) 4.5
d) Below 4.5
Answers
Answer:
The answer is c. 4.5
Which of the outcomes could potentially result if a mutation in the gene encoding the gα subunit eliminates its gtpase activity?.
Answers
The following three results are possible if a mutation in the gene that codes for the G subunit causes it to lose its GTPase activity:
3. The signaling pathway could be activated for an extended period, possibly resulting in undesirable cell proliferation.
4. The concentration of cAMP in the cell would be continuously elevated.
6. Gα would be activated for an extended period.
The hydrolase enzymes known as GTPases attach to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to produce guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The highly conserved P-loop "G domain," a protein region shared by numerous GTPases, is where GTP is bound and hydrolyzed.
The components of the Gα subunit include Gs, Gi, Gq/11, and G12/13. Adenylyl cyclase activity is regulated by the Gs and Gi families, whilst the Gq family promotes PLC-, and the G12/13 family can activate small GTPase families. The signaling pathway could be active for a long time, which could lead to unfavorable cell growth. The amount of cAMP in the cell would constantly increase. G would be turned on for a long time.
Here is another question with an answer similar to this about GTPase activity: https://brainly.com/question/15719848
#SPJ4
Question correction:
Which of the following outcomes could potentially result if a mutation in the gene encoding the G? subunit eliminates its GTPase activity? Choose three outcomes.
1. The cell would be unresponsive to molecules that act via cAMP.
2. The rate of GTP hydrolysis would increase.
3. The signaling pathway could be activated for an extended period, possibly resulting in undesirable cell proliferation.
4. The concentration of cAMP in the cell would be continuously elevated.
5. G would be ineffective as a signal molecule (that is, it could not activate other proteins).
6. G would be activated for an extended period.
briefly describe the four stages of u.s. psychology.
Answers
The four stages of U.S. psychology are as follows:
1. Structuralism: This stage, led by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener, focused on analyzing the structure of the mind through introspection. It aimed to identify basic mental elements and their relationships.
2. Functionalism: Led by William James, functionalism emphasized the functions and purposes of the mind and behavior, considering how they helped individuals adapt to their environments. This stage laid the groundwork for the development of applied psychology.
3. Behaviorism: Pioneered by John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, behaviorism shifted the focus to observable behaviors and their relationships to stimuli and consequences. This stage emphasized the importance of the environment in shaping behavior and dismissed the study of the mind as unscientific.
4. Cognitive Revolution: Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, the cognitive revolution brought back the study of mental processes, including memory, perception, problem-solving, and language. Researchers like Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky, and Ulric Neisser contributed to this shift, which emphasized the mind as an information processor.
These stages represent the evolution of U.S. psychology and its varying perspectives on the human mind and behavior.
To know more about U.S. psychology click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14632621
#SPJ11
Wait? if its a mitochondria what are the rest? I'm super confused.
Answers
PLEASE HELP!!! (ANSWER APPROPRIATELY)
Answers
Answer:
With the boost in warmer weather and excess water, populations will boom
Explanation:
Yabbies will do best at a water temperature of between 12°C and 20°C but they will tolerate water that is a little colder or warmer. Complete immersion in water is not essential for life for the yabby. If its gills are kept moist (humid air is sufficient), it can absorb oxygen from the air and survive for many days out of water. To breed, however, it must be in water. With the water needed for breading and warmer weather used for breeding, population numbers for the Yabbies should rise.
Drag each tile to the correct box.
order the steps through which atp synthesis occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in plants.
hydrogen ions diffuse across
the thylakoid membrane into the
stroma through atp synthase.
1
atp synthase uses the energy
released as hydrogen ions move
from regions of high concentration
to regions of low concentration
to make atp
electrons move down the electron
transport chain releasing energy
lol
Answers
The correct order of steps through which ATP synthesis occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in plants are given below:
Energy from the sun ejects electrons from chlorophyll and splits water molecules to yield hydrogen ions.Electrons move down the electron transport chain, releasing energy that pumps hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space.The concentration of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space increases.Hydrogen ions diffuse across the thylakoid membrane into the stroma through ATP synthase.ATP synthase uses the energy released as hydrogen ions move from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration to make ATP.What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis may be defined as a reaction that utilizes the carbon dioxide present in the environment and makes foods (glucose) in plants in the presence of sunlight.
The other two options which are not given in the question are:
Energy from the sun ejects electrons from chlorophyll and splits water molecules to yield hydrogen ions.The concentration of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space increases.Therefore, it is well described above.
To learn more about Photosynthesis, refer to the link;
https://brainly.com/question/19160081
#SPJ1
the function of vertebrae is to group of answer choices both protect the brain and nerve cord. provide attachment points for muscles only. protect the nerve chord only. both protect the nerve cord and provide attachment points for muscles. protect the brain only.
Answers
The function of vertebrae is to "both protect the nerve cord and provide attachment points for muscles." The correct answer to the question "The function of vertebrae is to..." is "both protect the nerve cord and provide attachment points for muscles."
Vertebrae are the small, individual bones that make up the spine or backbone. They serve two main functions: protecting the nerve cord, which runs through the center of the spine and carries signals between the brain and the rest of the body; and providing attachment points for muscles, which allows for movement and support of the body.
So, while the vertebrae do not directly protect the brain (that is the job of the skull), they do play a crucial role in protecting the nerve cord and supporting the body's musculature.
Learn more about Vertebrae here: https://brainly.com/question/18094930.
#SPJ11
Hydrogen exists in three isotopes, H1, H2, and H3. The average atomic mass of hydrogen is 1. 008 amu, which of these isotopes is most abundant? How do you know?
Answers
The average atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is 1.008 amu. Hydrogen is made up of isotopes 1H, 2H, and 3H. 1H is most abundant. All isotopes are equally abundant.
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are defined as a variation of an element that possesses the same atomic number but different atomic mass.
It can be defined as the one of two or more forms of a chemical element with distinct physical properties but identical chemical properties.
It can also be defined as atoms with same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons.
According to stability of hydrogen 3H is more stable than 2H and then with 1H.
Thus, the average atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is 1.008 amu. Hydrogen is made up of isotopes 1H, 2H, and 3H. 1H is most abundant. Thus option C is correct.
To know more about isotopes visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2142657
#SPJ4
26. How are the estuaries connected to oceanic organisms?
Estuaries act like a nursery for oceanic organisms.
O
Estuaries provide sunlight for oceanic organisms.
O Estuaries provide Do for whales.
Estupies provide primary food for ocean organisms.
Answers
Estuaries act like a nursery for oceanic organisms.
Explanation:
The others could be true also. But, this one is more true.
as we move through the biological hierarchy from the kingdom to species level organisms become more similar?
Answers
Yes, as we move through the biological hierarchy from the kingdom to species level, organisms become more similar.
This is because organisms within the same kingdom share similar characteristics and broad features, such as similar body plans, cell structures, and modes of reproduction. As we move down the hierarchy, organisms become more and more specific, with increasing similarities in terms of genetics, physical appearance, and behavior. At the species level, organisms have the most similarities, as they share the same physical and genetic characteristics, and are capable of interbreeding to produce viable offspring.
More on organisms: https://brainly.com/question/12825206
#SPJ11
The pharmaceutical industry is always pursuing new treatments for cancers. The development of new cancer drugs and therapies can help treat people who have been diagnosed with cancer and increase their survival. Which of these describes the types of cells that cancer drugs would target? Select ALL that apply.
Answers
These describes the types of cells that cancer drugs would target:
Cancer cellsStem cellsAngiogenic cellsImmune cellsWhat are stem cells?Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into many different types of specialized cells in the body. They have the potential to become cells of the various tissues and organs of the body, such as muscle, bone, cartilage, blood, and nerves, among others.
Cancer drugs can target various types of cells involved in the development, growth, and spread of cancer. The following are some of the types of cells that cancer drugs may target:
Cancer cells: Cancer drugs are designed to specifically target cancer cells and stop their growth and spread.
Stem cells: Cancer stem cells are a type of cell that can regenerate and differentiate into different types of cancer cells, making them a potential target for cancer drugs.
Angiogenic cells: These cells are involved in the formation of new blood vessels, which are necessary for the growth and spread of tumors. Cancer drugs may target angiogenic cells to prevent the formation of new blood vessels and thereby stop the growth of tumors.
Immune cells: The immune system plays a critical role in fighting cancer, and some cancer drugs may target immune cells to help boost the body's natural defenses against cancer.
To know more about Angiogenic cells, visit:
brainly.com/question/28268458
#SPJ1
Answer:
A ,B and E
Explanation:
I am learning about this currently and taking the test.