Now explore friction force. Set the piece of plastic or wood on the table and push it steadily across the tabletop using your fingertip. Note how much opposition to your push you feel. Repeat the steps, but this time push the piece of plastic or wood across a rug, carpet, or piece of fabric. If you’re using fabric, be sure to secure the fabric so it doesn’t move. How does the opposition to motion on the tabletop compare with that of the rug, carpet, or fabric?

Explanation:

i will use chainsaw to cut a tree and even if that doesn't work I will use axe to make my work easy.

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The term which is considered as being undefined is referred to as a point and is therefore denoted as option A in this context.

This is defined as as small round mark written on a plane which signifies the position or location of a substance. This can also be seen as a dot and is also used to separate a group of numbers such as in the case of decimals etc.

It is referred to as being undefined alongside a plane, line etc as a result of it only being explained using specific examples and descriptions unlike a segment which can be viewed and understood easily when working on the parameter.

This is therefore the reason why a point is undefined and the most appropriate choice.

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Answer:

Earth has a smaller mass than the Sun, but it is much closer to you than the Sun, allowing for a stronger attraction.

Explanation:

Science :)

According to conservation of energy, the energy of interacting bodies in a closed system remains constant. The total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over a period of time.

Elastic energy is the mechanical implicit energy stored in the configuration of a material or physical system as it's subjected to elastic distortion by work performed upon it. Elastic energy occurs when objects are impermanently compressed, stretched or generally misshaped in any manner.

The mechanical energy is never lost forever , rather it gets converted to thermal energy because of the friction .

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Answer:

=> Rheostat is an electric device used as a variable resistance, like the regulator of the fan. It is used to change the electric resistance in the electric circuit.

=> Rheostat works on the principle of Ohm’s law. Ohm’s law states that current in a circuit is inversely proportional to the resistance at the given temperature.

\( \infty \infty \infty \)

It will take approximately 2.76 seconds to decrease the rotational speed of the cylinder by 20 rad/s.

To solve this problem, we can use the principle of torque and rotational motion. The torque acting on the cylinder can be calculated using the equation:

τ = Iα

where τ is the torque, I is the moment of inertia, and α is the angular acceleration.

Given:

Mass of the cylinder (m) = 200 g = 0.2 kg

Diameter of the cylinder (d) = 4.1 cm = 0.041 m

Radius of the cylinder (r) = d/2 = 0.041 m / 2 = 0.0205 m

Friction force (F) = 0.029 N

Angular acceleration (α) = -20 rad/s² (negative sign indicates a decrease in rotational speed)

Step 1: Calculate the moment of inertia (I) of the cylinder.

The moment of inertia of a solid cylinder rotating about its central axis is given by the equation:

I = (1/2) * m * r²

Substituting the known values:

I = (1/2) * 0.2 kg * (0.0205 m)²

\(I \approx 8.2 * 10^{-5} \text{ kg}\cdot \text{m}^2\)

Step 2: Calculate the torque (τ) acting on the cylinder.

The torque can be calculated using the equation:

τ = F * r

Substituting the known values:

τ = 0.029 N * 0.0205 m

\(\tau \approx 5.945 * 10^{-4} \text{ N}\cdot\text{m}\)

Step 3: Calculate the angular acceleration (α) using the equation:

τ = Iα

α = τ / I

Substituting the known values:

\(\alpha = \frac{5.945 * 10^{-4} \, N \cdot m}{8.2 * 10^{-5} \, kg \cdot m^{2}}\)

α ≈ 7.25 rad/s²

Step 4: Calculate the time required to decrease the rotational speed by 20 rad/s.

Using the equation:

α = Δω / Δt

where Δω is the change in angular speed and Δt is the time interval.

Rearranging the equation:

Δt = Δω / α

Substituting the known values:

Δt = 20 rad/s / 7.25 rad/s²

Δt ≈ 2.76 s.

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Answer:

k=1/2mv²

Explanation:

k is the kinetic energy

m is mass

and v is velocity/speed

Answer:

Approximately \(0.45\) (assuming that the surface is level, the mass is moving at constant velocity, and that \(g = 9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}\).)

Explanation:

With a power of \(P = 1.0\; {\rm kW} = 1.0\times 10^{3} \; {\rm W}\), the work that would be done over \(t = 10\; {\rm s}\) would be:

\(\begin{aligned}(\text{work}) &= (\text{power})\, (\text{time}) \\ &= (1.0\times 10^{3}\; {\rm W})\, (10\; {\rm s}) \\ &= 1.0 \times 10^{4}\; {\rm J}\end{aligned}\).

Divide work by distance to find the force that did the work:

\(\begin{aligned} (\text{force}) &= \frac{(\text{work})}{(\text{distance})} \\ &= \frac{1.0\times 10^{4}\; {\rm J}}{50\; {\rm m}} \\ &= 200\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}\).

If this mass is moving at a constant velocity, the magnitude of friction on this mass will be equal to that of the external force, \(200\; {\rm N}\).

If the surface is level, the magnitude of the normal force on this mass will be equal to that of weight:

\(\begin{aligned}(\text{weight}) &= (\text{mass})\, g \\ &= (45\; {\rm kg})\, (9.81\; {\rm N\cdot kg^{-2}}) \\ &\approx 4.41 \times 10^{3}\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}\).

Divide the magnitude of friction by normal force to find the coefficient of friction:

\(\begin{aligned}& (\text{coefficient of friction}) \\ =\; & \frac{(\text{friction})}{(\text{normal force})} \\ \approx\; & \frac{200\; {\rm N}}{(45\; {\rm kg})\, (9.81\; {\rm N\cdot kg^{-1}}))} \\ \approx \; & 0.45\end{aligned}\).

Resolving power refers to the ability of a lens to distinguish between two closely spaced objects. It is determined by the wavelength of light and the numerical aperture of the lens.

Magnifying power, on the other hand, refers to the ability of a lens to enlarge the size of an object. It is determined by the focal length of the lens.
The term "parfocal" refers to a type of lens system where multiple lenses have the same focal point when the focus is adjusted. This means that when switching between different lenses, the focus remains the same, making it easier for the user to switch between lenses without losing focus.
Differentiating between the resolving power and magnifying power of a lens involves understanding their respective functions. Resolving power refers to the ability of a lens to distinguish between two closely spaced objects, or in other words, the clarity with which the lens can produce an image. Magnifying power, on the other hand, refers to the degree to which a lens can enlarge the image of an object.

The term "parfocal" is used to describe a set of lenses that, when interchanged on a microscope or other optical instrument, maintain their focus on the same object. This means that when you switch from one parfocal lens to another, only minimal adjustments to the focus are needed, allowing for a seamless transition between lenses with different magnifying powers.

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Resolving Power: It is the ability of a lens to separate or distinguish between closely spaced objects, reflecting the detail that can be seen with the lens.

Magnifying Power: It denotes how much larger an object appears through a lens compared to its actual size. High magnification doesn't necessarily mean better image quality.

Parfocal: This term refers to lenses that remain in focus even when the magnification or focal length changes. It enables swift adjustments in magnification without needing constant refocusing.

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The solution to the problems in correct significant figures are;

a. 10.8 g - 8.264 g = 2.536 g

b. 4.75 m - 0.4168 m = 4.3332 g

c. 139 cm x 2.3 cm = 319.7 cm²

d. 13.78 g/11.3 mL = 1.22 g/ml

e. 1.6 km + 1.62 m + 1200 cm =  1,613.62 m

Significant figures are used to establish the number which is presented in the form of digits.

a. 10.8 g - 8.264 g = 2.536 g

b. 4.75 m - 0.4168 m = 4.3332 g

c. 139 cm x 2.3 cm = 319.7 cm²

d. 13.78 g/11.3 mL = 1.22 g/ml

e. 1.6 km + 1.62 m + 1200 cm = 1,600 m + 1.62 m + 12 m = 1,613.62 m

Thus, the solution to the problems in correct significant figures are;

a. 10.8 g - 8.264 g = 2.536 g

b. 4.75 m - 0.4168 m = 4.3332 g

c. 139 cm x 2.3 cm = 319.7 cm²

d. 13.78 g/11.3 mL = 1.22 g/ml

e. 1.6 km + 1.62 m + 1200 cm =  1,613.62 m

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Answer:

Acceleration stress, physiological changes that occur in the human body in motion as a result of rapid increase of speed. ... A force of 3 g, for example, is equivalent to an acceleration three times that of a body falling near Earth.

The magnetic field at 10.76 m below the high voltage power line is approximately 41,835,820 µT when the line carries 450 MW at a voltage of 300,000 V. Rounded to the nearest integer, the magnetic field is 41,836 µT.

To calculate the magnetic field at a distance below a high voltage power line, we use the formula \(B=\frac{u0IH}{2\pi r}\)

Current, I = 450 MW = 450 × 10^6 W

Height, H = 0 m (since the power line is at ground level)

Distance below the power line, r = 10.76 m

Using the formula for the magnetic field, we substitute the given values:

\( B = \frac{{(4\pi \times 10^{-7} \, \text{{T}} \cdot \text{{m/A}}) \cdot (450 \times 10^6 \, \text{{W}}) \cdot (0 \, \text{{m}})}}{{2\pi \cdot 10.76 \, \text{{m}}}} \)

Simplifying the expression:

\( B = \frac{{450 \times 10^6 \, \text{{W}}}}{{10.76 \, \text{{m}}}} \)

Calculating the value:

\( B \approx 41,835,820 \, \text{{T}} \)

Rounding the magnetic field to the nearest integer:

\( B \approx 41,836 \, \mu\text{{T}} \)

Therefore, the magnetic field at 10.76 m below the high voltage power line is approximately 41,836 µT (rounded to the nearest integer).

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The two waves of equal frequency interfere constructively at a listener's location, and interference increases amplitude.

There won't be interference if the amplitudes of two sources with the same frequency are not identical. All points will have the same level of sound intensity. Any given time, the volume of the sound will fluctuate in intensity. Even though there will be interruption, it won't be completely absent.

Interference in physics is a phenomena when two waves merge by adding their displacements at each and every point in space and time to produce a new wave that has a higher, lower, or identical amplitude. The interaction of waves that are coherent or correlated with one another, either because they originate from the same source or because their frequencies are similar or almost identical, leads to both constructive and destructive interference. All sorts of waves, including light, radio, acoustic, surface water waves, gravity waves, and matter waves, can exhibit interference effects.

Hence, amplitude increases when equal frequency combined.

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Answer:

Weight is a measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object. It depends on the object's mass and the acceleration due to gravity, which is 9.8 m/s2 on Earth. The formula for calculating weight is F = m × 9.8 m/s2, where F is the object's weight in Newtons (N) and m is the object's mass in kilograms.

Explanation:

Answer:

The monkey hit the pond after approximately \(0.55\; {\rm s}\) in the air.

The monkey hit the pond approximately \(1.1\; {\rm m}\) away from the base of the cliff.

(Assume that \(g = 9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}\), air resistance on the monkey is negligible, and the cliff is vertical.)

Explanation:

Assume that the air resistance on the monkey is negligible. The vertical acceleration of the monkey would be constantly \(a_{y} = (-g) = (-9.81)\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}\). Note that \(a_{y}\) is negative since the monkey is accelerating downwards.

Right before hitting the pond, the monkey would be \(1.5\; {\rm m}\) below the cliff. Hence, the vertical displacement \(x_{y}\) of the monkey would be \((-1.5)\; {\rm m}\).

Let \(u_{y}\) denote the initial vertical velocity of the monkey. Since the top of the cliff is level, initial velocity will be entirely horizontal. Hence, \(u_{y} = 0\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\).

Let \(t\) denote the amount of time it took for the monkey to hit the pond (\(t \ge 0\).) Rearrange the SUVAT equation \(x_{y} = (1/2)\, a_{y}\, t^{2} + u_{y}\, t\) and solve for \(t\!\).

Since \(u_{y} = 0\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\), the equation simplifies to:

\(x_{y} = (1/2)\, a_{y}\, t^{2}\).

\(\begin{aligned}t^{2} = \frac{2\, x_{y}}{a_{y}}\end{aligned}\).

Since \(t \ge 0\):

\(\begin{aligned}t &= \sqrt{\frac{2\, x_{y}}{a_{y}}} \\ &= \sqrt{\frac{(2)\, (1.5\; {\rm m})}{(9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}})}} \\ &\approx 0.553\; {\rm s}\end{aligned}\).

Hence, it would take approximately \(0.55\; {\rm s}\) for the monkey to hit the pond.

Also because air resistance on the monkey is negligible, the horizontal velocity \(v_{x}\) of the monkey will be constantly equal to the initial value \(2.0\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\).

Hence, the monkey would have travelled a horizontal distance \(x_{x}\) of:

\(\begin{aligned} x_{x} &= v_{x}\, t \\ &\approx (2.0\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}})\, (0.553\; {\rm s})\\ &\approx 1.1\; {\rm m}\end{aligned}\).

Answer:

|F| = 393750  N

Explanation:

Given that,

Total mass of the train, m = 750000 kg

Initial speed, u = 84 m/s

Final speed, v = 42 m/s

Time, t = 80 s

We need to find the net force acting on the train. The formula for force is given by :

F = ma

\(F=\dfrac{m(v-u)}{t}\\\\F=\dfrac{750000\times (42-84)}{80}\\\\F=-393750\ N\)

So, the magnitude of net force is 393750  N.

a) The kinetic energy of the dart after it is thrown is 2.376 J.

b) The speed of the dart is 18.45 m/s.

c) If the dart were thrown straight upwards, the maximum height it would reach is 17.0 m.

a) The work done on the dart by the applied force is given by:

work = force x distance = 4.40 N x 0.54 m = 2.376 J

Since no energy is lost due to friction, all of this work is converted to the kinetic energy of the dart:

kinetic energy = work = 2.376 J

b) The kinetic energy of the dart can also be expressed as:

kinetic energy = (1/2) x mass x velocity^2

Rearranging this equation gives:

velocity^2 = (2 x kinetic energy) / mass

Substituting the values from part a) gives:

velocity^2 = (2 x 2.376 J) / 0.028 kg = 340.29 m^2/s^2

Taking the square root of both sides gives:

velocity = 18.45 m/s

c) When the dart is thrown straight upwards, its initial vertical velocity is zero. The maximum height it will reach can be calculated using the formula:

maximum height = (initial velocity^2) / (2 x acceleration)

where acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.81 m/s^2.

Substituting the speed calculated in part b) gives:

maximum height = (18.45 m/s)^2 / (2 x 9.81 m/s^2) = 17.0 m

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Based on the graph, the frequency increases from 0 Hz to a peak at around 500 Hz and then decreases back to 0 Hz over the 4-second interval. This means that the sound source is moving towards you and then away from you.
Involving a graph that shows the frequency you hear during a 4-second interval while standing at x=0m. Based on the given options, the sound source can be described as follows:

The sound source (d) moves away from you until t = 2 s. It then reverses direction and moves toward you but doesn't reach you. This is because the frequency you hear changes during the 4-second interval, indicating a change in the position of the sound source relative to you.

Therefore, options (c) and (d) are the only possibilities. However, since the graph shows that the sound does not reach you, the correct answer is (c) - the sound source moves towards you but doesn't reach you, and then reverses direction at t=2s.

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The spring will stretch beyond its natural length by 1.5 cm when a force of 50 N is applied.

The amount of stretching a spring experiences when a force of 50 N is applied to it is determined by Hooke's Law. According to Hooke's Law, the force applied to the spring and the extension of the spring are proportional. This means that the greater the force applied to the spring, the greater the extension.

Using Hooke's Law, the amount of extension of the spring when a force of 50 N is applied can be calculated using the following formula:

Extension = Force/Spring Constant

Where the spring constant is a measure of how stiff the spring is.

To calculate how far beyond its natural length (in cm) the spring will be stretched when a force of 50 N is applied, we first need to determine the spring constant of the spring in question. This can be done by measuring the natural length of the spring and then measuring how far it stretches with a known force. Once we have determined the spring constant, we can enter it into the formula above and solve for the extension.

For example, if the natural length of the spring is 15 cm and it extends to 18 cm with a force of 50 N, the spring constant would be 33.33 N/cm.

Using this spring constant, the extension of the spring when a force of 50 N is applied would be 1.50 cm

50/33.33 = 1.50.

Therefore, the spring will stretch beyond its natural length by 1.50 or 1.5 cm when a force of 50 N is applied.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The momentum of an object can be found by using the formula

momentum = mass × velocity

From the question we have

momentum = 78 × 24

We have the final answer as

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The moon has a gravitational field strength one-sixth that of earth's. If a person has a mass of 60kg on Earth. Weight on moon = 10kg.

The weight of an object is the force exerted on it by gravity, which is proportional to its mass and the strength of the gravitational field. The gravitational field strength on the moon is one-sixth that of Earth's, meaning that the force of gravity pulling on objects is weaker on the moon.

To calculate the weight of a person on the moon, we need to multiply their mass by the gravitational field strength of the moon, which is 1/6 or 0.1667 of the Earth's. Therefore, the weight of a 60kg person on the moon would be:

Weight on moon = mass x gravitational field strength on moon

Weight on moon = 60kg x 0.1667

Weight on moon = 10kg

The person would weigh 10kg on the moon, which is significantly less than their weight on Earth. This is because the gravitational pull on the moon is much weaker than that on Earth. It's important to note that the person's mass remains the same regardless of where they are, while their weight varies depending on the strength of the gravitational field.

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About 6.15% of the incident intensity is transmitted through the polarizers. When unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, only the component of the electric field vector that is parallel to the transmission axis is transmitted, while the component perpendicular to it is absorbed. If the light passes through another polarizer whose transmission axis is at an angle to the first polarizer, the intensity of the transmitted light depends on the relative orientation of the axes.

In this case, the transmission axes of the two polarizers are at an angle of 35.0 ∘ with respect to each other. We can use Malus' law to calculate the fraction of the incident intensity that is transmitted through the polarizers. Malus' law states that the intensity of light transmitted through a polarizer is proportional to the square of the cosine of the angle between the transmission axis and the polarization direction of the incident light.

Let I0 be the incident intensity of the unpolarized light, and I1 and I2 be the intensities of the light transmitted through the first and second polarizers, respectively. The first polarizer will transmit only half of the incident intensity, since the light is unpolarized and has equal components in all directions. Therefore, I1 = (1/2)I0.

The second polarizer will transmit a fraction of the light that depends on the angle between its transmission axis and the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the first polarizer. This angle is the sum of the angles between the first polarizer and the incident light and between the second polarizer and the transmitted light. Since the transmission axes are at an angle of 35.0 ∘ with respect to each other, this angle is 70.0 ∘. Therefore, the fraction of the intensity transmitted through the second polarizer is:

I2/I1 = cos²(70.0 ∘) = 0.123

Multiplying this by the intensity transmitted through the first polarizer gives:

I2 = (0.123)(1/2)I0 = 0.0615I0

Therefore, the fraction of the incident intensity that is transmitted through both polarizers is:

I/I0 = I2/I0 = 0.0615

So, about 6.15% of the incident intensity is transmitted through the polarizers.

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For an object that is only 150 years old, there would still be a significant amount of carbon-14 present in the sample, which would make it difficult to accurately determine the age of the object. The age of the sample is 23,108 years.

We know that;

0.693/t1/2 = 2.303/t log (No/N)

0.693/5700 = 2.303/t log (80/5)

0.693/5700 = 2.773/t

1.2 * 10^-4 = 2.773/t

t = 2.773/1.2 * 10^-4

t = 23,108 years

Carbon-14 dating is a radiometric dating method used to determine the age of organic materials up to approximately 50,000 years old. Carbon-14 (14C) is a radioactive isotope of carbon that decays over time, and the amount of 14C remaining in a sample can be used to determine its age.

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Answer:

1.69 T

Explanation:

Applying,

F = BvqsinФ.................. Equation 1

Where F = Force, B = magnetic field, v = velocity, q = charge on an electron, Ф = angle between the electron and the field.

make B the subject of the equation,

B = F/(vqsinФ)............. Equation 2

From the question,

Given: F = 2.0×10⁻¹³ N, v = 7.4×10⁵ m/s, Ф = 90°

Constant: q = 1.60×10⁻¹⁹ C

Substitute into equation 2

B =  2.0×10⁻¹³/(7.4×10⁵×1.60×10⁻¹⁹×sin90°)

B = 0.169×10

B = 1.69 T

Answer: c

Explanation:

The length of the first rough patch is 3.75 m.

The first rough patch is located at the point where the cart hits the spring of rest. The distance to this point is equal to the length of the spring (1.85 meters) plus 0.47 meters, which is 1.80 meters.

The cart's velocity after passing the first rough patch is 2 m/s, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.47, so when it hits a spring of rest length 1.85 m (length of the second rough patch), it must have a velocity of 6.4 m/s in order to stop at a distance of 0.85 m from the spring.

This means that if height of the curved track is 4 m, then the length of the first rough patch is 3.75 m.

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