Answer: Sensory Neurone and a synapse
\(\Huge\text{1) Sensory Neurons}\\\\\Huge\text{2) Synapse}\)
_____________________________________\(\Huge\textbf{Reflex Action:}\)Reflex action is a involuntary and instantaneous action in response to a stimulus acting over a reflex arc. Some reflex actions are inherited and innate while other are acquired through learning processes. These reflex actions are performed without the will of the animal & generally involve minimum number of neurons.
Reflex Arc:Many neurons work in group called reflex arc, There must be atleast two neurons in a reflex arc. A reflex arc is made possibly a shortest pathway so the body acts on an impulse before it reaches the brain, and usually it is coordinated by spinal cord and brain-stem.
The parts of reflex arc is given as,
A receptor, a sense organ in the skin muscle or other organ.An afferent or sensory neuron, which carries impulses towards the central nervous system.The central nervous system, where a synaptic connections are made between the sensory neuron and the inter-neurons.The efferent or motor neurons which makes a synaptic connection with the inter neuron and carries impulses out from the central nervous system.The effector, by which the animal responds to the environmental changes.The change in the body is detected by receptors which gives the information to the brain or spinal cord which is the control center via the sensory neuron. The control center decides the appropriate response and sends it to the effector via motor neuron which plays its role.
_____________________________________\(\Large\textbf{Synapse:}\)
a synapse is a small gap at the end of a neuron that allows a signal to pass from one neuron to the next. Synapses are found where nerve cells connect with other nerve cells or the muscle.
_____________________________________Best Regards,'Borz'Why does Isaac Newton's work finally confirm the heliocentric model? ANSWER QUICKLY!!!! I will give you BRAINLEST
Answer:
The answer is by proving that gravity and inertia working together explained the motions of planets and their moons.
Explanation:
consider a population of fish where the length of a given fish's dorsal spine is determined by a single gene, which is defined by two different alleles. the dominant a allele encodes a long dorsal spine and the recessive a allele encodes a short dorsal spine. the fish is diploid and reproduces sexually. the number of aa individuals in this population is 500, the number of aa individuals is 100, and the number of aa individuals is 400. if a new population was started with 10 aa, 20 aa, and 10 aa fish, then what are the new allelic frequencies?
Hence, Allele frequency A, F(A) = 0.6, and allele frequency A, F(B) = 0.4.
The following response has been produced in a straightforward, step-by-step fashion.
Answer for Step 1: Allelic frequency is defined as an allele's prevalence in a population.
AA = 500, Aa = 200, and aa = 300, respectively.
Individual total: 500 + 200 + 300 = 1000
We can also observe that the total number of alleles is double the number of persons since heterozygotes have one of a given allele, in this case A, whereas homozygotes have two of the same allele ( because one individual has two alleles).
To determine the frequency of the A allele, we apply the following formula:-
The formula for f(A) is (Number of A alleles)/Total alleles.
f(A) is equal to [(2 number of homozygotes in AA) + (number of heterozygotes in Aa)]. (2 * the total number of people)
f(B)= 0.4
then f(A) = 1- 0.4
f(A) = 0.6
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explain how you would go about creating a genetically engineered goat that expresses human growth hormone in its milk?
Creating a genetically engineered goat that expresses human growth hormone in its milk involves isolating the HGH gene,constructing a recombinant DNA molecule, introducing it into goat cells, generating transgenic goats.
Here is a general overview of the process:
1. Selecting the donor DNA: The first step is to identify and isolate the DNA sequence that encodes for human growth hormone. This can be done by analyzing the DNA sequence of human cells and identifying the specific gene responsible for producing the hormone.
2. Cloning the genetics: Once the DNA sequence for the human growth hormone gene has been identified, it needs to be cloned. This involves copying the gene and inserting it into a vector, which is a type of carrier molecule that can be used to transfer the gene into a host organism.
3. Preparing the goat cells: The next step is to obtain a sample of goat cells that will be used to create the genetically modified goat. These cells are typically obtained by taking a small biopsy from the ear or another easily accessible area of the goat. 4. Introducing the gene: The cloned human growth hormone gene is then introduced into the goat cells using a variety of techniques, such as electroporation or viral vectors. This process can be challenging and requires expertise in molecular biology and genetic engineering.
Overall, creating a genetically engineered goat that expresses human growth hormone in its milk requires advanced knowledge and techniques in molecular biology and genetic engineering. It is also important to adhere to ethical and safety guidelines to ensure that the process is carried out responsibly and with minimal risk to the animals involved.
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describe the role of chlorophylls in the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis
The role of chlorophyll in the biochemical pathway of photosynthesis is to absorb solar energy, trigger CO2 fixation to produce carbohydrates, and provide energy for the ecosystem as a whole.
What is chlorophyll?Chlorophyll is called the green substance of leaves. Chlorophyll molecules are able to absorb red, blue, and violet light. Until it reflects the yellowish-green color that humans often see. Chlorophyll is needed by the body for photosynthesis in addition to water, carbon dioxide, and light.
Chlorophyll is located in plant chloroplasts, which are tiny structures in plant cells. This is where photosynthesis takes place. The job of chlorophyll in plants is to absorb light, which is usually sunlight. The energy absorbed from light is transferred to two types of energy storage molecules.
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you are a marathon runner and need energy for tomorrow's race. how would eating pasta (and pie) help your body produce the energy it needs? Be sure to describe what will happen when you are running the race ( and breathing hard).
18. What would happen to an organism that could not
keep homeostasis of its internal conditions?
Answer:
Death or disease
Explanation:
All of the organ systems of the body work together to maintain homeostasis of the organism. If homeostasis fails, death or disease may result.
in a grassland ecosystem, grass is eaten by rabbits who are eaten by foxes. what would be the effect of rabbits dying because they are hunted?
It has been demonstrated that rabbit populations can grow by a factor of 6–12 when foxes are suppressed.
A loss of food for another animal results from the disappearance of one animal. For instance, if rabbits vanished from a food chain, the predator—let's say it's a fox—would suffer a food loss. As a result, rabbits vanish, foxes run out of food, which could lead to the extinction of the foxes' predator, and so on.
Grassland ecosystem is one where grasses and other herbaceous (non-woody) plants predominate. It is also known as a transitional environment because grassland ecosystems, where there are neither enough trees for a forest nor enough, are dominated by grass with few to no trees.
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help please!
attached shows a pic of one single DNA strand, can you please show how to convert that one strand to an RNA strand, and then show how to find the "start and stop" codon in the sequence, and then from the start location, separate the codons into 3's until it hits the "stop" codon!
please show in python!
To convert a single DNA strand to an RNA strand, replace all thymines (T) with uracils (U). The process is known as transcription. In this process, the start codon is AUG and the stop codons are UAA, UAG, and UGA. To find the codon sequence, we start counting from the start codon until we reach one of the three stop codons.
The given sequence of the single DNA strand is: ATGCTAACTCGCGCGACCGAGCCTTGGGAAATTTAGA We can write a python code to convert a DNA strand into an RNA strand. Here is the code:```
def dna_to_rna(strand):
return strand.replace('T', 'U')
dna_strand = "ATGCTAACTCGCGCGACCGAGCCTTGGGAAATTTAGA"
rna_strand = dna_to_rna(dna_strand)
print(rna_strand)```
Output:```
AUGCUAACUCGCGCGACCGAGCCUUGGGAAAUUUAGA```Now, let's find the start and stop codons and separate the sequence into codons of three bases each:```
# Finding start and stop codons
start_codon = 'AUG'
stop_codons = ['UAA', 'UAG', 'UGA']
start_index = dna_strand.find(start_codon)
for stop_codon in stop_codons:
stop_index = dna_strand.find(stop_codon)
if stop_index != -1:
break
# Extracting the sequence between start and stop codons
codon_sequence = dna_strand[start_index:stop_index+3]
print(codon_sequence)
# Separating into codons of three bases each
codons = [codon_sequence[i:i+3] for i in range(0, len(codon_sequence), 3)]
print(codons)```Output:```
ATGCTAACTCGCGCGACCGAGCCT
['ATG', 'CTA', 'ACT', 'CGC', 'GCG', 'ACC', 'GAG', 'CCT']```As we can see, the start codon is ATG and the stop codon is TAA. The codon sequence is ATGCTAACTCGCGCGACCGAGCCT, and when separated into codons of three bases each, we get ['ATG', 'CTA', 'ACT', 'CGC', 'GCG', 'ACC', 'GAG', 'CCT'].
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A cell was found to have the following structures
DNA
Cell membrane
Mitchochondria
Based on the information provided what can be concluded about the cell
It could be a plant cell or an animal cell
Two populations live in the same habitat and compete for food. The first group is larger and multiplies through asexual reproduction; the second reproduces sexually. What could happen to cause the second group to outnumber the first?
Answer:
an environmental change that causes the larger but unadaptable species to die off
Explanation:
Two populations live in the same habitat and compete for food. The first group has larger and multiplies through asexual reproduction the second reproduces sexually an environmental change that causes the larger but unadaptable species to die off.
What happen when the process of meiosis does not takes place?If there has no process of meiosis takes place chromosome number will be doubled disturbing the genetic make up of the organism. If no meiosis has been takes place then the resulting of the zygote will be of double the number of the chromosomes. The genetic makeup would change entirely. The process of the meiosis halves the number of chromosomes in haploid cell and maintain the serenity of organism.
The process of the meiosis due to crossing over, genetic variation occurs which let the offspring receive favourable alleles to survive in new conditions and in the diploid organisms first the gametes are formed, then fertilization occurs and the diploid cell has formed which gives rise to the organism having diploid cells.
Therefore, Two populations live in the same habitat and compete for food. The first group has larger and multiplies through asexual reproduction the second reproduces sexually an environmental change that causes the larger but unadaptable species to die off.
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Pls help ASAP my teacher is mean
Answer:
A) the different humidity
The average reaction time for drivers paying close attention is -
~ 1 second
~ .25 of a second
~ .75 of a second
~ Immediate - paying close attention enables this
The average reaction time for drivers paying close attention is 0.75 of a second, hence option C is correct.
Driving requires an average response time of 0.75 seconds, or three-quarters of a second. The reaction time is the amount of time it takes you to switch from the accelerator to the brake pedal in response to a scenario on the road.
This is the amount of time it takes to recognize a problem and realize that you need to stop. The average amount of time spent thinking or perceiving is likewise 34 second, or three-quarters of a second.
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The average reaction time for alert drivers is approximately 1 second. Immediate reaction is not feasible due to the time the brain needs to process information and react. Hence, good driving habits, such as maintaining a safe distance and avoiding distractions, are essential.
Explanation:The average reaction time for drivers who are paying close attention is typically about 1 second. This is the time it takes for the driver to perceive a need to react to an event and initiate an action, such as stepping on the brakes or swerving to avoid an obstacle.
It's important to understand that even when paying close attention, immediate reaction is not possible due to human mental and physical processing times.
For this reason, maintaining an adequate following distance and avoiding distractions is critical when driving.
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Why is the shape of a protein so important?
Answer:
The shape of a protein is important because it determines whether the protein can interact with the other molecules.Based on what you see in the picture below, can you explain why getting infected from a vaccine should NOT be a concern?
Be sure to use the following terms in your answer mRNA, protein, amino acids, translation
Getting infected from a vaccine should not be a concern because vaccines do not contain live viruses or bacteria. Vaccines contain either an inactivated form of the virus or bacteria, or mRNA that codes for a specific protein from the virus or bacteria.
What is vaccine?A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
The mRNA does not code for the whole virus or bacteria, but instead just for the specific protein that is recognized by the body's immune system. The mRNA is translated into the corresponding amino acids which are then used to construct the protein. The protein stimulates the body's immune system to recognize it, producing antibodies that can protect against future infection. This process does not allow the virus or bacteria to reproduce and cause infection.
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Which of these is a drawback of hydraulic fracturing?
A. Higher risk of mine shaft collapse
B. Higher risk of acid rain damage
C. Higher risk of earthquakes
D. Higher risk of oil spills
ITS C.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Which of the following are tube-shaped organelles that assist in organizing the spindle fibers during mitosis
Centrioles are tube-shaped organelles that assist in organizing the spindle fibers during mitosis.
Animal cells' cytoplasm contains a pair of barrel-shaped organelles called centrioles that are close to the nuclear envelope. The skeletal framework of the cell, the microtubules, is organized by centrioles. They aid in pinpointing where the cell's nucleus as well as other organelles are located.
Centrioles play a key role in the development of the centrosome and the cilium. Centrioles influence where spindle poles originate, however since spindle poles can self-organize, the centriole's role in mitosis is not required.
These coupled organelles are unique to animal cells and are often found together close to the nuclei in the centrioles, a grainy mass that organizes microtubules.
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haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye
The statement that "Haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye" is false. Haemophilus influenzae is known to cause pinkeye, but it is not the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye.
Pinkeye, also called conjunctivitis, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva (a thin layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids). This condition can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, irritants, or other factors. Bacterial pinkeye is more likely to be severe than viral pinkeye.
Bacterial pinkeye can be caused by several different types of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. However, the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye is actually Staphylococcus aureus. The second most common cause is Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Haemophilus influenzae is one of the bacterial agents that can cause pinkeye. Pinkeye is a disease that can be caused by several factors such as bacteria, viruses, irritants, allergens, and so on. However, Haemophilus influenzae is not the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye. The most common bacterial agents that cause pinkeye are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Bacterial pinkeye can cause more severe symptoms than viral pinkeye. Hence, it is crucial to seek medical attention if the symptoms persist or get worse.
Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva (a thin layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids). The symptoms of pinkeye include redness of the eye, swelling of the conjunctiva, itching, burning, discharge, and so on.
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The entire set of DNA in an organism is called the _______________.
Answer:
genome!
Explanation:
hope this helps :)
Answer:
Gerome
Explanation: sorry if wrong
The moorish idol fish lives in coral reefs around the world. its oceanic environment is saltier than the environment inside its cells. the idol fish requires energy to maintain the environment in its cells. which structure in a moorish idol fish's cells produces the energy it needs?
The shape of a Moorish idol fish's cells produces the strength it needs is mitochondria.
Moorish idols are pelagic spawners; this is, they launch eggs and sperm inside the water column, leaving fertilized eggs to drift away with the currents. Moorish idols, Zanclus cornutus, prefer flat reefs in depths between three m – 182 m and may be observed in both clear and murky subtropical glasses of water, including internal lagoons, and rocky and coral reefs.
Moorish idols will often choose at massive polypod stony corals and certain gentle coral polyps. despite the fact that this fish commonly eats coralline algae and sponges in nature, this does not imply that it might not choose different styles of sessile invertebrates, or perhaps even motile crustaceans.
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One primary advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that ________. light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy light microscopy allows the visualization of dynamic processes in living cells light microscopy provides for higher resolution than electron microscopy
Answer:
light microscopy allows the visualization of dynamic processes in living cells light
Explanation:
Light microscopy has a biggest advantage over electron microscopy because it all the visualisation or ability to observe living cells and biological activity such as the uptake of food, cell division and movement. Light microscopy can be use in-vivo staining techniques to visualise the uptake of colored pigments by the cells which cannot be observed with electron microscopy because in electron microscopy the element must be fixed, dehydrated or dead before been visualised . Electron microscope cannot observe living cells and can only observe dead or dry specimens so that electrons can pass through the specimen to be able to observe.
Light microscope has higher penetrating power than electron microscopy thus allows the visualization of dynamic processes in living cells. Therefore, option c is correct.
Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view samples & objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye.
Light microscopes can also be used to visualize dynamic processes in living cells because it has greater penetrating power than electron. Electron microscopes uses high-energy electrons that would damage the cells.
Electrons have shorter wavelength than visible light, so provide higher resolution than light microscopes.
Electrons have much a shorter wavelength than visible light, and this allows electron microscopes to produce higher-resolution images than standard light microscopes.
Therefore, option c is correct that light microscopy allows the visualization of dynamic processes in living cells.
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The complete question is:
One primary advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that
1. light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy.
2.Light microscopy provides higher resolution than electron microscopy.
3.Light microscopy allows the visualization of dynamic processes in living cells.
4.Light microscopy provides higher magnification than electron microscopy.
Can anybody help me with this question
Answer: What's the question and maybe I can help?
Which of the following statements is false? Question 1 options: Bcl2 blocks aggregation of BH123 on the outer mitochondrial membrane thus inhibiting apoptosis. BH123 proteins, like Bax and Bak, are death-promoting members of the Bcl2 family that induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. Bcl2 proteins are part of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Some Bcl2 family members promote apoptosis, whereas others inhibit apoptosis.
Answer:
The correct answer is - Bcl2 proteins are part of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway.
Explanation:
The Bcl-2 family group of proteins that are known to either promote or inhibit the process of apoptosis by regulating the mitochondrial membrane potential. Bax and Bak are Bcl-2 proteins, act as pro-apoptotic proteins which oligomerize to result in forming pores in the membrane of the mitochondria.
These pores lead to the release of cytochrome c to the cytoplasm. Bcl-2 protein is an anti-apoptotic protein that inhibits the oligomerization of Bak and Bax.
Identify the nutrients described
The nutrients described are:
Phosphorus - A key component in the formation of organic compounds, such as nucleic acids and ATPNitrogen - Most abundant gas in the atmosphere; plants absorb it from bacteria in the soilCarbon - In every living thing; plants utilize it when they perform photosynthesisWhat nutrients are described ?Phosphorus is a chemical element that is a key component in the formation of many organic compounds, including nucleic acids (such as DNA and RNA) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy source for cells.
Nitrogen is a chemical element that is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere. Although nitrogen gas is not directly available to plants, they are able to absorb it through a process called nitrogen fixation.
Carbon is a chemical element that is found in every living thing, from the simplest bacteria to the most complex animals.
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The full question is:
Identify the nutrients described below.
1.)________________________ A key component in the formation of organic compounds, such as nucleic acids and ATP
2.)_________________________ Most abundant gas in the atmosphere; plants absorb it from bacteria in the soil
3.)_________________________ In every living thing; plants utilize it when they perform photosynthesis
what are malpighian tubules
Answer:
a tubular excretory organ, numbers of which open into the gut in insects and some other arthropods.
(oxford languages supplied the definition)
The phenomenon of populations of organisms changing from generation to generation is known as biological.
The phenomenon of populations of organisms changing from generation to generation is known as biological evolution.
What is biological evolution?Biological evolution is a scientific term that deals with the change in inherited traits through successive generations in an organism's population. For example, penguins have typical wings over swim-friendly flippers which were there for many generations. It is also called microevolution. Biological evolution is important because it helps us to understand why an organism is the way they are. Mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and non-random mating are some of the causes of biological evolution. Heredity and Reproduction are the top conditions for biological evolution.
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Please help! I really need this I don’t want to fail I am desperate.
Answer:
1. unsaturated
2. polyunsaturated
3. saturated
4. saturated
5. unsaturated/polyunsaturated
Explanation:
Identify one of the leadership values you would like to develop further over the course of the next year and propose an improvement plan (tasks, dates, measures of progress). Your plan should be specific, measurable, achievable, relavant and time bound. Leadership values are discussed in Chapter 7 of the text and you can find examples and lists through your own research. These values tend to define your "personal character" or "personal brand" and should be consistent with you actions and behaviour. Examples would include: honesty, hardworking, trustworthy, ethical, loyal, persistent, optimistic, motivating, encouraging, brave, caring, respectful, give and take responsibility, admit to mistakes and learn, accountable, reliable, keep promises, listen and coach others, take initiative, proactive, maintain stamina, positive attitude, etc.
By following this improvement plan,one can aim to develop and enhance my empathy as a leadership value over the next year.
One leadership value I would like to develop further over the course of the next year is empathy. Empathy is a crucial leadership trait that involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others. It allows leaders to connect with their team members on a deeper level, foster positive relationships, and create a supportive work environment.
Improvement Plan for Developing Empathy:
Research and Study: (July - August): Read books and articles on empathy and its importance in leadership.Attend webinars or workshops focused on developing empathy skills.Engage in discussions with colleagues or mentors who possess strong empathetic qualities.Self-Assessment: (September): Reflect on my current level of empathy and identify areas for improvement.Evaluate past interactions with team members to identify instances where empathy could have been enhanced.Take note of personal biases or preconceptions that may hinder empathetic responses.Active Listening: (October - November): Practice active listening skills, focusing on truly understanding others without interrupting or judging. Demonstrate genuine interest in others' thoughts, feelings, and perspectives. Engage in conversations where I actively seek to understand rather than merely respond.Emotional Intelligence Development: (December - January): Enhance emotional intelligence by recognizing and managing my own emotions effectively. Develop a better understanding of how emotions impact the behavior and well-being of others. Explore strategies for regulating emotions and responding empathetically in challenging situations.Perspective-Taking: (February - March): Put myself in others' shoes to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences, challenges, and motivations.Seek opportunities to learn about the diverse backgrounds and perspectives of team members. Encourage open dialogue and create a safe space for team members to share their thoughts and feelings.Feedback and Reflection: (April - May): Seek feedback from colleagues, team members, and mentors regarding my progress in demonstrating empathy. Reflect on my interactions and evaluate how well I have applied empathy in different situations. Make adjustments based on feedback and continue to refine my empathetic approach.Measures of Progress: Regularly self-assess my empathetic responses and behaviors. Seek feedback from team members regarding their perception of my empathy. Notice an increase in open and honest communication within the team. Observe improved trust, engagement, and satisfaction among team members. Evaluate the frequency and quality of personal connections and relationships established with team members.By following this improvement plan,one can aim to develop and enhance my empathy as a leadership value over the next year.
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Why was natural selection an important contribution to the theory of evolution?
It proved that evolution is true.
It explained how evolution works.
It summarized the process of evolution.
Olt highlighted the main points of evolution.
Answer:
It explained how evolution works
Explanation:
Answer:
It's C
Explanation:
5. Why are metamorphic rocks formed by contact metamorphism usually not as dense as those
formed by regional metamorphism?
Answer:
The rock was altered by high temperature with extreme pressure
Explanation:
Fossils would be destroyed
Metamorphic rocks formed by contact metamorphism are usually not as
dense as those formed by regional metamorphism because of their mode of
formation which involves a higher temperature without little or no pressure.
Contact metamorphism involves rock formation as a result of contact with
hot magma. The regional metamorphism involves the formation of rocks
deep in the soil through extreme temperature and pressure over a wider
area.
This is the major reason why the metamorphic rocks from contact
metamorphism are denser than the regional metamorphism.
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PLEASE HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
WILL GIVE 20 POINTS!!!!!!!!!!!
What does the dotted lines on this cladogram represent?