Rank the following one-base point mutations with respect to their likelihood of affecting the structure of the corresponding polypeptide (from most likely to least likely).
1. insertion mutation deep within an intron 2. substitution mutation at the third position of a codon in an exon 3. substitution mutation at the second position of a codon in an exon
4. deletion mutation within the first exon of the gene (A) 1,2,3,4 (B) 4,3,2,1 (C) 2,1,4,3 (D) 3,1,4,2
Answers
The rank from most likely to least likely of the one-base point mutations will be: (B) 4, 3, 2, 1
4. deletion mutation within the first exon of the gene.
3. substitution mutation at the second position of a codon in an exon.
2. substitution mutation at the third position of a codon in an exon.
1. insertion mutation deep within an intron.
Insertion mutation can affect the structure but only when present in the axon. Deletion mutation can change the whole reading frame pf the m-nucleotide sequence.
Substitutions can at maximum change one amino acid in the reading frame as one amino acid will be replaced by another. And if the substitutions is at the third place of the codon triplet, chances are that the amino might not even change as one amino acid are coded by more than pone codons.
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Related Questions
Background:
there was a tarantula discovered at knightsen school. mr. yurkovich when there as a child, grew up in the area, and still lives nearby. he has never heard of tarantulas being observed at the school before this. tarantulas eat primarily grasshoppers and beetles.
question:
what will happen to the populations of beetles, now that tarantulas are a new part of their environment? will the population increase or decrease?
ignore the name its just my principles
Answers
The introduction of tarantulas to the environment may have an impact on the population of their primary food source, grasshoppers and beetles.
Tarantulas are known to consume a significant amount of these insects, which may lead to a decrease in their population over time.
However, the impact of the tarantulas on the beetle population is difficult to predict and depends on a variety of factors such as the number of tarantulas, the availability of other food sources, and the habitat suitability for beetles.
It is possible that the beetle population may decline in the short term, but it may also adapt to the new environment and stabilize over time.
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Different stimuli of the two special senses trigger different methods of signaling within their receptors. How are the following stimuli transmitted?.
Answers
Different stimuli of the two special senses trigger different methods of signaling within their receptor and the stimuli are transmitted through the sensory receptors.
What is Sensory receptor?This is referred to as dendrites of sensory neurons specialized for receiving specific kinds of stimuli and helps individuals to adjust to environmental changes which is needed for their survival.
A special sense mentioned here is one that has a particular organ dedicated to it, a examples include eye,nose etc. They also assist with learning about the conditions of the surrounding or environment in and around us
Sensory receptors are specialized structures which are found in sense organs such as nose, eye etc and they respond to different types of stimuli.
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hich of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane? determines which substances enter and leave the cell serves as a boundary between the cell and its environment contains receptor sites which determine how the cell interacts with its environment contains the genetic information marks the cell as belonging to a particular individual
Answers
The function of the plasma membrane does not include containing the genetic information, which is the answer option D.
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable boundary that encloses the cell and separates its internal environment from the external environment. It determines what substances enter and leave the cell, as well as helps to maintain the cell's internal environment. The plasma membrane also contains receptor sites that allow the cell to interact with its environment and communicate with other cells.
Additionally, the plasma membrane can have markers that identify the cell as belonging to a particular individual, such as in the case of blood group markers on red blood cells. However, the genetic information is stored within the nucleus or nucleoid region of the cell, and is not a function of the plasma membrane.
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Complete Question:
Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane?
A. determines which substances enter and leave the cell
B. serves as a boundary between the cell and its environment
C. contains receptor sites which determine how the cell interacts with its environment
D. contains the genetic information
E. mark the cell as belonging to a particular individual
Where did the carbon in all living things on earth come from?
Answers
Answer:
So where then did all the carbon that living organisms are built of come from? It turns out that most of the carbon we use today came from a collision with another smallish planet about 4.4 billion years ago.
how does the preliminary search for oil reserves cause environmental degradation? drilling to try to find oil may release oil from reserves that then affects ecosystems. searching for oil can often cause spills that negatively affect ecosystems. when searching for oil, companies often have to clear-cut areas of forest. seismic waves sent into the ground by companies searching for reserves can disorient marine and other wildlife.
Answers
The preliminary search for oil reserves causes environmental degradation by drilling to try to find oil may release oil from reserves that then affects ecosystems.
Oil reserves may be discharged into the environment during this procedure, posing a serious hazard to wildlife and damaging the adjacent ecosystems.
Additionally, while doing exploration, oil spills may happen. These spills may harm ecosystems and the species that depends on them. Even little spills have a severe effect on local ecosystems, causing long-term harm and biodiversity loss.
To gain access to the land where the reserves are situated, oil exploration companies frequently need to wipe up forest regions. Deforestation can have a negative impact on the local ecology by causing habitat loss, soil erosion, and other issues.
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Complete question
How does the preliminary search for oil reserves cause environmental degradation?
a. drilling to try to find oil may release oil from reserves that then affects ecosystems.
b. searching for oil can often cause spills that negatively affect ecosystems.
c. when searching for oil, companies often have to clear-cut areas of forest.
d. seismic waves sent into the ground by companies searching for reserves can disorient marine and other wildlife.
genetic information of plants, animals, bacteria and many viruses is stored in deoxyribonucleic acid polymers (dna). the backbone of the polymer is a made up of the phosphorylated carbohydrate ribose with one less oh group on it. based on what you know about amino acid properties and the charge of phosphates at physiological ph what amino acids would be best at binding dna? group of answer choices positively charged ones like k and r negatively charged ones like d and e uncharged polar ones like t and c nonpolar ones like a and g
Answers
Amino acids best at binding DNA are positively charged ones like k and r as DNA is negatively charged which will bind more effectively with positively charged amino acids.
Amino acids are natural compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic corrosive useful bunches.
Even though hundreds of amino acids exist in nature, by distance, the foremost critical are the alpha-amino acids, which include proteins. As it were 22 alpha amino acids show up within the hereditary code.
Lysine and arginine are essential amino acids since their side chain bunch contains a full positive charge at the physiological ph. Histidine is additionally considered essential, but it can have a positive or an impartial charge on its side chain gathered at the physiological ph.
Among the 20 common amino acids, five have a side chain that can be charged. At pH=7, two are negatively charged: aspartic corrosive (Asp, D) and glutamic corrosive, and three are positively charged: lysine, arginine, and histidine (His, H) (fundamental side chains).
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What phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
a
G1
b
S
c
G2
d
M
e
cytokinesis
Answers
Answer:
s phase
Explanation:
so the genetic material can double before it begins division
A model of blood sugar homeostasis is shown in the image here. Blood sugar levels are regulated by insulin and glucagon. When an
individual has diabetes, their blood sugar levels can remain high without the ability for the feedback loop to control it. One of the
symptoms of diabetes is increased urination.
Based on the image and the scenario, select ALL of the accurate and true options that apply to blood sugar regulation.
es -))
A)
B)
Individuals with diabetes may lack a functional glucagon molecule,
increasing their blood sugar levels permanently.
An individual affected by diabetes will eventually return to homeostasis
since blood sugar levels are tightly controlled.
Individuals with diabetes may lack a functional insulin molecule, which
would reduce the ability of lowering their blood sugar.
Increased blood sugar levels could draw water from the cells to the
bloodstream since the blood is hypertonic to the surrounding cells.
C)
D)
E)
Increased blood sugar levels will increase the osmolarity of the blood,
causing water to be retained in the blood. This could lead to increased
urination to rid the body of the water and glucose.
Answers
Answer: A
Explanation: I HOPE THIS HELPED
Based on the scenario given above, the statements which are accurate and true related to blood sugar regulation are given below:
Individuals with diabetes may lack a functional insulin molecule, which would reduce the ability to lower their blood sugar.Increased blood sugar levels could draw water from the cells to the bloodstream since the blood is hypertonic to the surrounding cells.Increased blood sugar levels will increase the osmolarity of the blood, causing water to be retained in the blood. This could lead to increased urination to rid the body of water and glucose.What do you mean by Blood glucose level?Blood glucose level may be defined as the concentration of glucose present in the blood of humans or other animals.
Increased blood sugar level lacks the functional insulin and increases the glucagon level. The osmolarity of the blood depends on the concentration of glucose in the blood.
When the level of blood glucose rises, it may lead to absorb the water more from the cells through the process of active transport and makes the surrounding hypertonic as compared to neighboring cells.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Society expects scientists to follow ethical practices and meet many
ethical standards. Which is an example of one of those ethical standards?
*
• Use all the data that was truly observed, not partial data that is expected or desired,
skewing results.
• Publish experimental results only if they agree with current theories or public opinion.
If they don't agree then its a waste of time.
• Investigate only the events that affect people's lives or livelihoods since that is the
only way to make money
• Continue the procedure of an experiment or investigation under all circumstances,
even if living things are being harmed in the process
Answers
The correct answer is -Use all the data that was truly observed, not partial data that is expected or desired, skewing results.
Explanation:
In general, all practices and research should be guided by moral and ethical principles, which guarantees the research and practices are objective and participants are not harmed. In this context, an example of these principles is "Use all the data that was truly observed..." because it is ethically and morally correct to report the data that was found in the experiment or research and avoid modifying it based on financial interests, expectations, desires, etc. Also, this principle makes the research or practice objective.
In another of David Tilman's competition experiments with diatom species, he pitted a species of Fragilaria against a species of Tabellaria. In this experiment, silcate was the limiting resource. In the absence of the interspecific competition, Fragilaria and Tabellaria had intrinsic rates of growth 0.62/day and 0.74/day, respectively. When at equilibrium in the absence of interspecific competition, the silicate concentration was 1.0 micromolars/liter with only Fragilaria present and 9.7 micromolars/liter with only Tabellaria present. When the two diatom species are placed in the same container, the ___ predicts that ____ A R* rule; Tabellaria competitively exclude Fragilaria B. competitive exclusion principle; Fragilaria competitively exclude Tabellaria C. competitive exclusion principle; Tabellaria competitively exclude Fragilaria D. R* rule; Fragilaria competitively exclude Tabellaria E. competitive exclusion principle; the species will coexist
Answers
In the given competition experiment by David Tilman, the R* rule predicts that Tabellaria will competitively exclude Fragilaria.
In this experiment, the competitive exclusion principle predicts that Tabellaria will competitively exclude Fragilaria when the two diatom species are placed in the same container. This is because silicate is the limiting resource and Tabellaria has a higher intrinsic rate of growth than Fragilaria. The absence of interspecific competition resulted in different silicate concentrations for each species, indicating that they have different resource requirements. Therefore, when they compete for the same limited resource, Tabellaria is predicted to outcompete Fragilaria. So the answer is option C: competitive exclusion principle; Tabellaria competitively exclude Fragilaria.
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A cell biologist compared the properties of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and smooth ER. She found that one type of ER is used for protein synthesis, and the other is used for lipid synthesis. What accounts for this difference?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The structure of the two endoplasmic reticulum makes the difference.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is located in the cytoplasm membrane in the eukaryotes and its divided into two the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Rough ER has ribosomes which gives it the name rough because of its appearance. The ribosomes on rough ER helps it to specialize in the synthesis of proteins. proteins in a cell, are synthesize by it. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosome in its structure and cannot synthesize protein but lipids.
What happens to the two cells formed at the end of meiosis I? Choose two correct answers.
O A. Four haploid daughter cells are formed during meiosis II.
B. Four diploid gametes are produced during meiosis II.
d
C. Each chromosome is replicated and pairs with its homologous chromosome.
D. Chromosomes do not replicate and the paired chromatids separate.
Answers
The two cells formed at the end of meiosis I: A. Four haploid daughter cells are formed during meiosis II, and D. Chromosomes do not replicate and the paired chromatids separate.
What do you mean by meiosis?
"Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells."
What is meiosis I?
"Meiosis I separates the pair of homologous chromosomes and reduces the diploid cell to haploid."
What are the main stages of meiosis I?
The different stages of meiosis I include:
Prophase.Metaphase.Anaphase.Telophase.What is the end result of meiosis I?
"At the end of meiosis I, two daughter cells are formed having half the number of chromosomes present in diploid cell undergoing meiosis. Each daughter cell undergoes meiosis II, producing two cells."
What do you mean by haploid daughter cells?
"The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell."
What is meiosis II?
"Meiosis II is the other part of the meiotic process, divides each haploid meiotic cell into two different daughter cells."
What are chromosomes?
"In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes."
What is a chromatid?
"A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division."
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what solution, (hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic) would make osmosis go faster?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Osmosis is the movement of WATER molecules across a semipermeable membrane (such as the cell membrane) from where there is a high concentration of water to where there is a low concentration of water. The interior of a living cell consists of cytoplasm, which is a solution of mostly water with dissolved substances such as salt.
Now for the fun stuff! An Isotonic solution is a solution that has the same concentration of dissolved substances as is found inside the cell. If a cell is surrounded by isotonic solution, then there is no net movement of water across the membrane by osmosis, because the concentration of water is the same on both sides of the membrane.
A hypertonic solution is a solution with a higher concentration of dissolved substances than is found inside the cell. If a cell is surrounded by hypertonic solution, then water will move OUT of the cell by osmosis because there is a higher concentration of water inside the cell compared to outside (where there is lots of dissolved salt, etc.) A cell in hypertonic solution will shrink.
A hypotonic solution is a solution with a lower concentration of dissolved substances than is found inside the cell. If a cell is surrounded by hypotonic solution, then water will move INTO the cell by osmosis because there is a higher concentration of water outside the cell compared to inside. A cell in hypotonic solution will swell up and, if there is no cell wall, may burst. A silly but simple way to remember that water moves into a cell in hypotonic solution is that "hypo causes the cell to swell up like a hippo"
.Hormones are most essential to which aspect of mammalian parental behavior?a. care for newborns during the first few daysb. continuation of care after the first few daysc. the parental care sometimes shown by malesd. all aspects equally
Answers
Hormones are most essential to aspect continuation of care after the first few days in mammalian parental behavior. Option(b) .
While hormones play a role in various aspects of mammalian parental behavior, they are particularly crucial in sustaining and regulating parental care beyond the initial few days after birth.
Hormonal changes, such as increased levels of oxytocin and prolactin, contribute to the nurturing and caregiving behaviors of parents, including feeding, protecting, and bonding with their offspring.
These hormones help establish and maintain the parent-offspring relationship, promote milk production in lactating mothers, and facilitate the emotional and behavioral responses associated with parental care.
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Question 4
Below is the CODING STRAND of a small gene that codes for a peptide. Assume the gene has a
traditional start codon.
How many amino acids long is the peptide if we assume traditional start and traditional stop
codon?
5' AATCCGTATCTATGACCGTTTGGAAACACTAAGCGGTACTC 3'
3
5
6
9
Answers
Transcription is mRNA synthesis, which occurs by complementing a segment of the DNA template strand. The translation is the protein growth, which occurs by adding amino acids coded by mRNA codons. C) the polypeptide is 6 amino acids long.
What are transcription and translation?The whole process of protein synthesis includes Transcription and translation.
TRANSCRIPTION
Transcription is the mRNA synthesis process and occurs in the nucleus.
The DNA template strand is read in direction 3'→ 5' to build the mRNA molecule in direction 5'→ 3'. The template strand is the one that is going to be complemented by the mRNA.
mRNA molecule has the same sequence as the DNA coding strand, but it carries uracil instead of thymine.
TRANSLATION
Translation is the process through which polypeptide grows. It occurs in the cytoplasm.
rRNA and tRNA read mRNA in the direction 5'→ 3' and add the correct amino acids to build the new protein.
Amino acids are coded by mRNA codons. Protein synthesis initiates in the AUG start codon -Metionin- and ends when reaching either of the stop codons UAA, UAG, or UGA.
In the exposed example, we have a DNA strand. We know that it is the coding strand, so it has the same sequence as mRNA molecule.
DNA coding strand5' AATCCGTATCTATGACCGTTTGGAAACACTAAGCGGTACTC 3'
mRNA molecule5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'
Kowing mRNA sequence, we can grow the protein.
So first, we need to find the initiation codon (AUG), begining from the mRNA 5' extreme. Then we need to find a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA).
mRNA start codon5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'
mRNA stop codon5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'
So this protein begins in AUG and ends in UAA.
To grow the protein, we need to separate mRNA codons and find the corresponding amino acids.
mRNA codons ⇒ AUG ACC GUU UGG AAA CAC UAA amino acids ⇒ Met Thr Val Trp Lys His Stop Protein ⇒ Met-Thr-Val-Trp-Lys-HisAccording to this reasoning, the polypeptide is 6 amino acids long. Option C) is correct.
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What type of damage exposure to UV causes? Formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent thymine on the same DNA strand Formation of covalent bonds between two thymines on opposing DNA strands Formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent adenosines on the same DNA strand O Formation of covalent bonds between an adenosine and an adjacent thymine on the same DNA strand Gap in the DNA sequence
Answers
Exposure to UV radiation can cause the formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent thymine bases on the same DNA strand, resulting in the creation of thymine dimers. Here option A is the correct answer.
Exposure to UV radiation can cause various types of damage to DNA. One of the most common types is the formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent thymine bases on the same DNA strand, resulting in the creation of what is known as a thymine dimer.
UV radiation is absorbed by the thymine bases, leading to the formation of a covalent bond between them. This structural alteration in the DNA molecule can disrupt the normal functioning of DNA replication and transcription processes, as well as impede DNA repair mechanisms.
The formation of covalent bonds between two thymines on opposing DNA strands, as mentioned in option B, is not directly caused by UV radiation. It is more commonly associated with chemical agents like certain cross-linking agents or specific types of DNA-damaging drugs. Therefore option A is the correct answer.
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Complete question:
Which of the following types of damage is caused by exposure to UV radiation?
A) Formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent thymine on the same DNA strand
B) Formation of covalent bonds between two thymines on opposing DNA strands
C) Formation of covalent bonds between two adjacent adenosines on the same DNA strand
D) Formation of covalent bonds between an adenosine and an adjacent thymine on the same DNA strand
E) Gap in the DNA sequence
An anthropologist discovers the fossilized heart of an extinct animal. The evidence indicates that the organism's heart was large, was well-formed, and had four chambers, with no connection between the right and left sides. ________. A reasonable conclusion supported by these observations is that the A. animal had evolved from birds B. animal was endothermic and had a high metabolic rate C. animal was most closely related to alligators and crocodiles D. species had little to no need to regulate blood pressure
Answers
The solution that is right is B. Animal had a high metabolic rate and was endothermic.
The blood is continuously restrained within vessels of various sizes in a closed circulatory system. In this circulation, the heart pumps blood, which raises the metabolic rate of mammals. Animals with endothermic (body temperature-regulated) bodies include aves and mammals. folks with warm blood.The circulation is halted in the presence of a four-chamber heart. A fossil animal can be used instead because it resembles aves. The animal had a closed circulatory system, a high metabolic rate, and was endothermic.The closest relative of mammals All endothermic creatures, such as birds and mammals, have fully divided ventricles and a four-chambered heart, in contrast to amphibians and the majority of reptiles, which have a three-chambered heart.
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Does anyone know this ?
Answers
he said the seven year olds had been a big part in a coma and had made the effort for a bruse and I was not going
what is the name of semi-permeable membrane which encloses the cytoplasm and all of the cellular organelles?
Answers
The semi-permeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and all of the cellular organelles is called the plasma membrane.
The semi-permeable membrane which encloses the cytoplasm and all of the cellular organelles is called the Plasma Membrane. This membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids, which form a lipid bilayer. The phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail, which ensures that the membrane is impermeable to large molecules, such as proteins and sugars. In addition, the membrane contains various proteins and carbohydrates which give it a variety of functions. These proteins act as receptors for molecules, allowing them to move into and out of the cell, and as enzymes that catalyze reactions. Additionally, the carbohydrates on the outer surface of the membrane help to identify the cell and enable it to recognize other cells. The plasma membrane also contains cholesterol, which helps to maintain its fluidity and stability.
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After a large disturbance, pioneer species often appear in this order.
Answers
After a large disturbance, species use to appear again in the area from organisms with lower metabolic needs than organisms with highers. In this orders of ideas, we can say that first, there would be prokaryotes or protists; second, non-vascular plants, and at third, vascular plants, as stated in the last answer option.
When an X bearing sperm fertilises the egg the resulting zygote has the following combination of chromosomes:
Answers
Answer:
22+xx
Explanation:
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Calcification Ghon tubercles Formation of granulomas Activation of macrophages Antigen-antibody complexes
Answers
Answer:
The macrophages have a in the calcification process, which generates the inflammatory processes. The Ghon tubercles is a lung lesion caused in tuberculosis that consists of a focus of calcification in conjunction with a lymph node infection. A granuloma is a mass of immune cells that forms when the immune system tries to isolate foreign substances.Macrophages can be activated by a variety of stimuli during the immune response. The antigen-antibody (Ag-Ac) reaction is one of the molecular reactions in the body's immune response.Explanation:
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that almost always affects the lungs. When the active form of the disease is present, symptoms (cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, etc.) can be mild for many months. If not treated properly, Tuberculosis can be fatal.
Macrophages are a type of white blood cell found in the blood and they are the first body's defense against foreign substances. So they are effector cells of the immune system, the main players in the innate immune response.
When M. Tuberculosis infects a person, it attacks this first-response immune cells in the lungs, the macrophages. When they recognize these pathogens, macrophages produce the cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, which cause the inflammation itself by acting on the endothelial cells of the nearby blood vessels to allow the transendothelial migration of the leukocytes. The inflammation t is a non-specific response to environmental aggressions, and its purpose is the isolation and destruction of the damaging agent, as well as repairing the damaged tissue or organ.
The macrophages have a in the calcification process, which generates the inflammatory processes. The Ghon tubercles is a lung lesion caused in tuberculosis that consists of a focus of calcification in conjunction with a lymph node infection. These lesions are especially common in children and may retain viable bacteria, so they are sources of disease transmission and may also be associated with classic tuberculosis reactivation after several years of inactivity.A granuloma is a roughly spherical mass of immune cells that forms when the immune system tries to isolate foreign substances that it has been unable to eliminate. Therefore it is a special type of inflammation that can occur in a wide variety of diseases. Infections that are characterized by granulomas include tuberculosis, but also include for example leprosy, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, and cat scratch disease.Macrophages are usually in a resting state, they can be activated by a variety of stimuli during the immune response. Antigen phagocytosis serves as an initial stimulus; however, macrophages and their activity can be increased by cytokines secreted by, or through contact with, helper T-lymphocytes. One of the most powerful macrophage activators is gamma interferon. They are also able to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens. M. tuberculosis is a pathogen that contains Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS), which are small sequences of molecules that repeat in groups of pathogens. They are recognised by Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which include the Toll-like receptor (TLRs) family or the NOD-like receptors (NLRs). Once the receptors found in the macrophages recognize these PAMPS, the macrophages are activated are ready to perform an immune response.The antigen-antibody (Ag-Ac) reaction is one of the molecular reactions in the body's immune response. The concept refers to the specific binding of an antibody to an antigen to inhibit or delay its toxicity. When the macrophage recognizes a pathogen, it phagocytes it and degrades it, and presents its peptides to a T cell. This can activate a cytotoxic response, causing apoptosis of infected cells. Or, the T cell may activate a B cell to produce antibodies. Antibodies are proteins whose function is to detect any foreign elements that may enter the body. They normally detect specific parts of these elements, for example, proteins from the surface of bacteria or viruses. When antibodies bind to these foreign proteins, they act as a marker, making it easier for them to be recognised and eliminated by the cells of the immune system.What characteristic makes marine mammals different from other marine animals?
Answers
Answer:
They must meet the characteristics of all mammals — they breathe air through lungs, are warm-blooded, have hair, and produce milk to nurse their young — while also living most or all of their lives in or very near the ocean.
Explanation:
Answer: They breathe air through their lungs.
Explanation:
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is typical of aerobic respiration?
decreases a plant’s weight
contains two stages, glycolysis and fermentation
produces methane as a byproduct
produces little energy
Answers
Answer:
decreases a plant’s weight
Explanation:
Aerobic respiration is a process of respiration in which oxygen is required and the byproducts of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide, water and energy.
Plants undergo aerobic respiration and it is a catabolic process in which complex compounds in plants turns into simpler compounds. This process reduces the dry weight of the plants.
Glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration so it is not a typical aerobic respiration.
Hence, the correct answer is "decreases a plant’s weight".
to test for lipid is heat needed????????
Answers
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Place two spatulas of the food sample into a test tube or 1 cm3 if the sample is liquid.
Add 2 cm3 of ethanol to the tube. Cover the end of the tube and shake the tube vigorously.
Allow the contents to settle.
Pour the liquid from the top of the mixture into a test tube half-filled with water.
Record the level of the food and whether the water is cloudy or clear.
As you can see no heat is needed
any material which moves across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to areas of low concentration does so due to what process?
Answers
Answer:
Diffusion
Explanation:
Which of the following terms would be an appropriate title for the level of complexity labeled X?
A : Cell
B : Organ
C : Organism
D : Tissue
Answers
Answer:
Organism
Explanation:
A leopard frog is the organism, and it is one of the highest levels of complexity. Cell to Tissue to Organ to Organism.
What is the congenital disease that causes blister like sacs on the kidneys?
Answers
Global warming is associated which of the followingIn a biology class, your friend had to read Jared Diamond’s essay The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human Race, which details the drawbacks of sedentary life and agriculture. Your friend wants to know why humans continued to farm in the face of disease and other issues. What would be a valid response? Group of answer choices?
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer would be - Having reliable access to food and being able to produce more calories per unit of land available led to population increase.
Explanation:
An increase in disease, sedentary agriculture, and increase in environmental degradation are three problem that is associated with the farming.
There are more benefits to continue agriculture is the ability of human kind to produce a food and access to plenty of food consistently which will led to increase the population.
Thus, the correct response would be - Having reliable access to food and being able to produce more calories per unit of land available led to population increase.
HOW can you be a good steward of your epigenome?
Answers
Answer: have good genes and regulate the cells case it can affect the future
i don't know.............