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Polar vs nonpolar molecules definitions.

Answer:

I. Luke has 81 postcards.

II. Brian has 54 postcards.

Explanation:

Let Luke's collection be L

Let Brian's collection be B

Translating the word problem into an algebraic equation, we have;

L = 27 + B

L + B = 135

Substituting equation 1 into equation 2, we have;

27 + B + B = 135

27 + 2B = 135

2B = 135 - 27

2B = 108

B = 108/2

B = 54

Therefore, Brian has 54 postcards.

To find the value of L;

L = 27 + B

L = 27 + 54

L = 81

Therefore, Luke has 81 postcards

The number of moles of gas(Oxygen) used when 7.5 moles of sodium react with oxygen is 1.875 moles.

Now, The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium and oxygen can be written as:

4Na(s)+O₂(g)→2Na₂O(s)

From the above-balanced equation, it means that when 4 moles of Na react with 1 mole of O₂ it produces 2 moles of Na₂O.

Therefore, according to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:

when 7.5 moles of sodium react with oxygen the number of moles of O₂ can be calculated as:

4 moles of  Na react with 1-mole O₂

Therefore, 7.5 moles react with 7.5/4 =1.875 mol of oxygen to form Na₂O.

Hence, 1.875 moles of oxygen will react with 7.5 moles of sodium.

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Answer:

chemical formula

Explanation:

Answer:

.334 M

Explanation:

Ca Cl2 is calcium chloride

Ca = 40.078 gm/mole

Cl = 35.45 gm/ mole

    40 . 078 + 2 * 35.45 = 110.978 gm/mole    for Ca Cl2

28.9 gm  / 110.978 gm/mole   = .260 moles CaCl2

.260 moles/ .78 liter = .334 M

Answer:

13.50g/ml

Explanation:

d=240g÷17.78ml

d=13.50g/ml[d]

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The substance has the molecular formula  \(C_8H_8S_2\).

The simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms that make up a chemical is its empirical formula. It does not specify how many atoms are contained in a single chemical molecule.

The number of atoms of each element really present in one compound's molecule is indicated by the compound's molecular formula.

A compound's empirical formula and molar mass can be used to derive its molecular formula.

Molar mass = (empirical formula mass) x (n)

Where n = the number of molecules that make up the molecular formula.

In this case, the molar mass is 168g/mol and the empirical formula is \(C_4H_4S.\)

The empirical formula mass can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of the elements:

C = 12.01 g/mol

H = 1.008 g/mol

S = 32.06 g/mol

Empirical formula mass = (12.01 x 4) + (1.008 x 4) + (32.06) = 83.12 g/mol

We can now determine the value of n:

168 g/mol = (83.12 g/mol) x (n)

Therefore, n = 2

The molecular formula of the compound is \(C_8H_8S_2\).

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Answer:

a) clockwise

b) clockwise and

c) anticlockwise

No, we cannot say that if the IR spectrum is recorded for 2 samples using the same sampling method then the resulting IR spectra are not identical.

             Because, in general, it means they have the same functional groups but do not that they have the same chemical compound, different molecules have the same functional groups and stereochemistry is not taken into consideration so these compounds can be enantiomers.

The distinction between a carboxylic acid and a ketone using the IR spectroscopy method is that both compounds have C=O but the ketone does not have OH stretch and distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone using spectroscopy method that compounds have C=O stretch but aldehyde should have C-H stretches between the carbonyl carbon and the aldehydic Hydrogen.

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Deposition, because it is the dropping of eroded material

The best local resource when first addressing the issue of an unknown chemical is a certified chemical laboratory or a local poison control center.

When confronted with an unknown chemical substance, it is crucial to prioritize safety and obtain accurate information regarding the potential hazards and appropriate handling procedures. A certified chemical laboratory can offer expertise in chemical analysis and identification. They possess the necessary equipment and trained personnel to handle and analyze unknown substances. They can perform tests, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, or elemental analysis, to determine the composition and properties of the chemical.

Alternatively, contacting a local poison control center can provide immediate assistance in dealing with potential toxic exposures. Poison control centers are staffed by professionals who can provide expert advice on identifying and handling unknown substances. They can assess the situation, provide guidance on proper precautions, and advise on the appropriate steps to take, including potential decontamination procedures.

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Answer:

a. C (s)+ 02(g)---->C02(g)

b. CO2(g) +C(s)--->2CO(g)

Explanation:

This reaction is the method of purification of some precious metals such a iron(Fe) in it's ore. a.The carbon(coke) is oxidized to carbon (IV) oxide

b. the carbon dioxide gas is reduced with the same carbon to produce carbon(II) oxide.

Explanation:

2HCl+2Zn----> 2ZnCl+H2

Explanation:

HCL + Zn= zncl2 + H2

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Answer:

a molecule of an element is called atomicity

Given the partial record of the experiment, the information that should be recorded in the last column of the table is B. Time is taken by the glass surface to dry.

These are forces of attraction between atoms, molecules, and ions when they are placed close to each other.

Intermolecular forces are electrostatic in nature, and this means that they arise from the interaction between positively and negatively charged species.

Hence, an intermolecular force acts between molecules and their examples are London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interaction, ion-dipole interaction, and van der Waals forces.

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The complete question

An experiment was conducted to determine if the intermolecular forces in two liquids affect their boiling points. Each liquid was sprayed on a paper towel. Each paper towel was wiped across a glass table to moisten the surface. The table shows a partial record of the experiment.

Experimental Record

Liquid Intermolecular Forces ?

А relatively strong

B relatively weak

What information should be recorded in the last column of the table?

Time is taken by the liquids to start boiling

Time is taken by the glass surface to dry

The volume of liquid required to moisten the paper towels

Time taken by the paper towels to become completely moist

The three layers of the Earth's interior, stated in order from center to surface, are the core, mantle and the crust.

Earth is the planet we live on, one of eight planets in our solar system and the only known place in the universe to support life. Earth is the third planet from the sun, after Mercury and Venus and before Mars. It is about 150 million kilometers (about 93 million miles) from the sun. This distance, called an astronomical unit (AU), is a standard unit of measurement in astronomy. Earth is one AU from the sun.

The planet Jupiter is about 5.2 AU from the sun—about 778 million kilometers (483.5 million miles). Earth is the largest and most massive of the rocky inner planets, although it is dwarfed by the gas giants beyond the Asteroid Belt.

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The rate at which the volume is changing when the temperature is 290 K and increasing at a rate of 0.15 K/s and the pressure is 14 kPa and increasing at a rate of 0.05 kPa/s is approximately -0.9474 L/s.

The rate at which the volume is changing when the temperature is 290 K and increasing at a rate of 0.15 K/s, and the pressure is 14 kPa and increasing at a rate of 0.05 kPa/s can be found using implicit differentiation.

Given: PV = 8.31T

To find dV/dt, we need to differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to time (t) while considering the chain rule:

P(dV/dt) + V(dP/dt) = 8.31(dT/dt)

Substituting the given values:

14(dV/dt) + 290(0.05) = 8.31(0.15)

Rearranging the equation to solve for dV/dt:

14(dV/dt) = 1.2465 - 14.5

14(dV/dt) = -13.2535

(dV/dt) = -13.2535/14

(dV/dt) ≈ -0.9474

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The reaction between pottasium metal and chlorine gas is a combination reaction and it is as follows;

2K + Cl₂ → 2KCl

A chemical reaction is a process involving the breaking or making of interatomic bonds, in which one or more substances are changed into others.

A chemical reaction is said to be a combination reaction when two or more atoms are joined together to form a compound. An example is the reaction of pottasium metal and chlorine gas to produce pottasium chloride as follows:

2K + Cl₂ → 2KCl

In the above equation, two elements; pottasium chemically combines with chlorine to form a compound; pottasium chloride.

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The value of 8D of water vapor in isotopic equilibrium with fresh water whose 8D value is -65%0 is -67.79125‰.

The expression for calculating 8D of water vapor in isotopic equilibrium with fresh water can be given by: 8D = α 8D (vapor) + (1 - α) 8D (liquid). Where,α is a fractionation factor and 8D (vapor) and 8D (liquid) are the deuterium enrichments in water vapor and liquid, respectively.

The value of α is given by:a (liquid-vapor) = 1.090So,α = (a (liquid-vapor) - 1) / (a (liquid-vapor) + 1)α = (1.090 - 1) / (1.090 + 1)α = 0.045So,8D = α 8D (vapor) + (1 - α) 8D (liquid)Given,8D (liquid) = -65‰ (‰ denotes permil, which is equal to parts per thousand)

Substitute the given values in the expression and simplify:8D = 0.045 × 8D (vapor) + (1 - 0.045) × (-65)8D = 0.045 × 8D (vapor) - 61.9258D + 2.79125 = 8D (vapor)

Therefore,8D (vapor) = 8D - 2.79125= -65 - 2.79125= -67.79125‰ (answer)Therefore, the value of 8D of water vapor in isotopic equilibrium with fresh water whose 8D value is -65%0 is -67.79125‰.

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Answer: Oxidation number of Cl in CA clo4

Explanation:

As there are four oxygen atoms, the net oxidation state is (-2) x 4 = (-8). Therefore chlorine (Cl) has an oxidation state of (-1) - (-8) = (+7).

Answer:

12 number of moles of carbon dioxide are used.

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of moles of oxygen produced = 12 mol

Number of moles of CO₂ used = ?

Solution:

Chemical equation:

6CO₂ + 6H₂O      →     C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Now we will compare the moles of oxygen with carbon dioxide.

                     O₂            :          CO₂

                      6             :             6

                    12              :             12

Thus, 12 number of moles of carbon dioxide are used.

Answer: Oxygen and glucose are both reactants in the process of cellular respiration.

Explanation: Oxygen and glucose are both reactants in the process of cellular respiration. The main product of cellular respiration is ATP; waste products include carbon dioxide and water.

Answer: B or Oxygen

Explanation:

Edge 2021

Gas pressure can be described as the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they collide with the surface of a container. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules.

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Answer:

1. 3-methylpentane

2. 2-bromo-3-chloropentane

3. 2,2,4-trimethylpentane

Explanation:

1. CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3.

Methyl group is in the third carbon atom in the long chain. The organic compound has five(5) carbon atoms thus it is named as pentane.

Therefore the name of the compound is

3-methylpentane

2. CH3CH(Br)CH(Cl)CH2CH3

The compound has Chlorine and Bromine in the carbon chain. Chlorine is given as chloro-, Bromine is given as bromo, depending on the position in the carbon chain. Bromine is located in 2 carbon atom and chlorine is in third(3) carbon atom in the long chain. The long chain has five carbon atoms thus pentane.

Naming of the compound we begin with the on lowest in the alphabet. The name of the organic compound is therefore;

2-bromo-3-chloropentane

3. CH3CH(CH3)3CH(CH3)CH2CH3

In this long chained organic compound, methyl-group is found in 2,2 and 4th positions. Since this is still pentane, naming the organic compounds, we start with the one with the lowest carbon. Therefore this becomes;

2,2,4-trimethylpentane

I hope this helps you to know how to name the organic compounds.

Answer:

B. 223 grams

Explanation:

Look at the largest weight first: 200 grams

Look at the 2nd largest: 20 grams

Look at the smallest: 3 grams

200 + 20 + 3 = 223 grams

Answer:

223 grams

Explanation:

The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is that it forms tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate, which are the products of the reaction. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is  SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4.

Tin (II) oxalate reacts with lithium chloride to form a precipitate of tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate. The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is given below.

SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:

SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4 .

SnC₂O₄ is tin (II) oxalate, while LiCl is lithium chloride.

SnCl₂ is tin (II) chloride, while Li₂C₂O4 is lithium oxalate.The products of the reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride are tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate. Tin (II) chloride is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water, whereas lithium oxalate is a white solid that is insoluble in water.The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is a double displacement reaction, which is also known as a metathesis reaction. When a double displacement reaction takes place, two compounds exchange their cations and anions, resulting in the formation of two new compounds.

The reaction is a double displacement reaction or metathesis reaction where two compounds exchange their cations and anions to form two new compounds.

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Since cream cheese has such a high fat content, it doesn't take long to come to room temperature if the room is relatively warm. It takes about thirty minutes on the counter to soften significantly, and about an hour to fully come to room temperature again, depending on the temperature outside and in your kitchen

Answer:

The set point on a thermostat is the desired or target temperature that a heating or cooling system is set to maintain. The thermostat continuously measures the current temperature of the room and compares it to the set point. If the current temperature is lower than the set point, the thermostat will signal the heating system to turn on, and if the current temperature is higher than the set point, the thermostat will signal the cooling system to turn on. The set point can be adjusted manually or automatically.

The idea of a set point is important to feedback cycles because it represents a reference value or goal that a system tries to achieve and maintain. In a feedback cycle, a set point provides a stable reference value that helps to regulate the system's output. The feedback loop continuously measures the output of the system and compares it to the set point. If the output is lower than the set point, the system adjusts itself to increase the output, and if the output is higher than the set point, the system adjusts itself to decrease the output.

The set point is critical for maintaining a stable feedback loop and preventing instability or oscillations in the system's output. If the set point is too high or too low, the system may oscillate around the set point or fail to achieve it altogether. Therefore, choosing an appropriate set point is essential for maintaining a stable and efficient feedback cycle in various systems, including thermostats, control systems, and biological systems.

Centrifugation is a techinique used to seperate the particles from the solution.

The primary factors influencing centrifugation are particle size and density. When subjected to centrifugation, larger particles go through it more swiftly than smaller ones. The particle's velocity is determined by the Strokes law, which describes how a body travels when subjected to gravity. Following are a few prominent instances of centrifugation: the method of removing fat from milk to obtain skimmed milk. to use a salad spinner to spin out the water from soggy lettuce. water is spin dry in washing machines to reduce the moisture content off clothes.

v=d2(p-D)*g/(18 N)

where

v= velocity

d=diameter of the particle

p= particle density

D= density of the medium

g= Gravitational force(mostly 9.8m/s2)

n= viscosity of the medium

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Of the solution increases, the solubility of the salt starts to increase with increase in temperature.

The solubility of the salt solution increases with the increase in temperature. This is because of the reason that with increase in temperature the kinetic energy of molecule increases. The solvent molecules breaks apart into the molecules of the solute molecules that are held together by the force of intermolecular interaction.  by increasing the kinetic energy molecule the will leads to the better interaction with the solute particles .

Thus, Of the solution increases, the solubility of the salt starts to increase with increase in temperature.

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Answer:

Non-polar

Explanation:

The way to determine if something is polar is by subtracting their electronegativity values. The two atoms in this molecule are both phosphorous which have equal electronegativity values (since they are both phosphorus). Anything minus itself will equal 0. If the final difference between the electronegativity values is less than 0.4, it will be non-polar. Since the result is 0, P2 is non-polar.

In P₂ molecule there is absence of partial charges, thus the molecule has been nonpolar.

The molecules have been differentiated based on polarity as polar and nonpolar molecules. The molecules that have been comprised of the difference in the electronegativity of the elements and develop partial charges have been termed polar compounds.

The compounds with no difference in electronegativity and absence of partial charges are termed nonpolar molecules. In the P₂ molecule, there have 2 phosphorus molecules with the same electronegativities.

Since there has been an absence of polarity in the molecule, the molecule of P₂ is nonpolar.

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