Scenario: You are in your first year as HNC engineer and have been seconded into the Engineering Production Department. You are required to produce a report for your line manager on operational characteristics of a PLC system. Your report should include and describe the operational characteristics of a PLC system, Programming, and communication techniques. Task 1: 1.1 PLC can be classified according to the physical size, and application. List and describe types of PLC and the key differences of construction styles and their typical applications and advantages. 1.2 PLC architecture refers to the design specification of the various PLC hardware and software components. Briefly, describe the Function of each block of a typical PLC. Include labelled diagram. 1.3 There are several types of PLC Programming languages all are part of IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission. Briefly explain, with labelled diagram wherever possible different types of the programming methods (programming languages). 1.4 PLC work in variety of industrial applications, different PLC may be working in different signal of I/O modules. PLC system there will usually be dedicated modules for inputs and dedicated modules for outputs. Research to identify the following: Determine types of PLC input and output devices/sensors available, PLC analogy Inputs and signals, and two types of sensors: Analog and Discrete. 1.5 Research to identify different types of communication Techniques and communication protocol for PLC. You need to include and use labelled diagrams/figures to illustrate the descriptions.

The cash flow over the lifetime of the product is calculated by subtracting the operating cost and salvage cost from the annual cost.

To calculate the cash flow analysis over the lifetime of the product, we need to consider the operating cost, annual cost, service life, and salvage cost.

First, we calculate the total operating cost over the product's service life. Since the annual cost is given as $345,000 and the service life is 5 years, we multiply the annual cost by the service life: $345,000 * 5 = $1,725,000.

Next, we subtract the salvage cost from the total operating cost. The salvage cost is given as $2,345,700. Therefore, the cash flow over the lifetime of the product can be calculated as follows: $1,725,000 - $2,345,700 = -$620,700.

The negative value indicates a net outflow of cash, meaning that the total expenses exceed the revenue generated by the product over its lifetime.

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Answer:

490000 dollars

Explanation:

Answer:

I think its A

Explanation:

Cracking a fuel line fitting during engine operation is a common diagnostic procedure with a fuel injection system.

How do fuel injection systems work?

A fuel injection system is a kind of fuel delivery system that uses an electronic fuel injector to deliver a fine mist of atomized fuel directly into the engine's intake manifold or combustion chamber, depending on the configuration. The fuel is delivered at a predetermined, regulated fuel pressure in order to ensure proper fuel delivery and combustion. A fuel injection system is capable of measuring and delivering precisely metered amounts of fuel to the engine at any given time, which is one of its key benefits over traditional carburetor systems.

This ensures a more consistent fuel-air mixture, which leads to better engine performance, fuel economy, and lower emissions. Cracking a fuel line fitting during engine operation is a common diagnostic procedure with a fuel injection system. This is because it allows you to check the fuel pressure at the fuel rail to see whether or not it is within the manufacturer's specifications. If the fuel pressure is outside of the specified range, it may indicate a fuel delivery problem that needs to be addressed.

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Answer: Equivalent Series Resistance

Explanation:

Equivalent series resistance (ESR), also known as internal resistance, is a value representing the loss of useful energy in a simple electronic circuit consisting of a resistor and an ideal (perfect) capacitor.

The final cube will have a volume of 1,000,003.4 cubic mm and dimensions of 100.00034 mm on a side in a cast metal.

Static friction is an opposing force that resists the motion of two surfaces in contact with each other. It acts parallel to the surfaces and opposes their relative motion. Static friction is always less than the maximum frictional force, known as the limiting friction, and is often modeled as a coefficient of friction.

The coefficient of thermal expansion of copper is 0.000017/°C. This means that for every 1°C increase in temperature, the copper will expand by 0.000017. Assuming that the room temperature is 20°C, the final cube will have dimensions of 100.00034 mm on a side and a volume of 1,000,003.4 cubic mm. Therefore, the final cube will have a volume of 1,000,003.4 cubic mm and dimensions of 100.00034 mm on a side.

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Complete Question:

The cost to rent a scooter is $15.50 per hour and the cost to rent a watercraft

is $22.80 per hour. Use the expression 15.5s + 22.8w to determine how much it would cost to rent a scooter for 3 hours and a watercraft for 1 hours.

Answer:

$69.39

Explanation:

Given

15.5s + 22.8w

Required

Evaluate, when w = 1 and s = 3

To do this, we simply substitute 3 for a and 1 for w in the given expression.

15.5s + 22.8w becomes..

15.5 * 3 + 22.8 * 1

46.5 + 22.8

69.3

Hence, the cost is $69.30

An ordered set of pairs or a continuous line can both be used to represent a function on a graph.

An example of a function is the line y = 2x, which multiplies an input value by two to get an output value. Use the vertical line test to decide if a graph accurately depicts a function. The graph is a function if a vertical line drawn across it is moved and only ever touches it at one point. The graph is not a function if the vertical line crosses it at more than one location. if a vertical line drawn anywhere on a relation's graph only encounters one point of intersection.

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Crawlers software used by search engines can go through the other pages that are part of your web site as long as there are links. The Option B.

Crawlers are software programs used by search engines to systematically explore and index web pages. These crawlers traverse websites by following links by allowing them to navigate from one page to another within a website.

When crawler encounters a link on a webpage, it adds that link to a queue and proceeds to visit the linked page. By following this process, crawlers can efficiently gather information from various web pages and build an index that search engines can utilize to deliver relevant search results to users.

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Answer:

The equilibrium temperature is 109.7°C

The total entropy change for the process is 0.23 kJ/K

Explanation:

The parameters given are;

The initial temperature of aluminium, T₁ₐ = 140°C = 413.15 K

Mass, m₁, of aluminium block = 28 kg

The specific heat of aluminium, c₁, at 400 K = 0.949 kJ/(kg·K)

The initial temperature of iron, T₁ₙ = 60°C = 333.15 K

Mass, m₂, of iron block = 36 kg

The specific heat of iron, c₂, at room temperature = 0.45 kJ/(kg·K)

The heat lost by the aluminium = Heat gained by the iron

The heat lost by the aluminium = m₁ × c₁ × (T₁ₐ - Tₓ)

The heat lost by the aluminium = 28 × 0.949 × (413.15 - Tₓ)

The heat gained by the iron =  m₂ × c₂ × (Tₓ - T₁ₙ)

The heat gained by the iron =  36 × 0.45 × (Tₓ - 333.15)

Hence;

28 × 0.949 × (413.15 - Tₓ) = 36 × 0.45 × (Tₓ - 333.15)

26.572 × (413.15 - Tₓ) = 16.2 × (Tₓ - 333.15)

∴ (26.572 + 16.2) × Tₓ = 26.572 × 413.15 + 16.2 × 333.15

42.772·Tₓ = 16375.2518

Tₓ = 382.85 K = 109.7°C

The total entropy change of the process is given by the following relation;

\(\Delta S = \Delta S_{Fe} + \Delta S_{Al}\)

\(=m_{1}c_{1}ln\dfrac{T_{x}}{T_{1n}}+m_{2}c_{2}ln\dfrac{T_{x}}{T_{1a}}\)

\(=28 \times 0.949 \times ln\dfrac{382.85}{413.15}+36 \times 0.45 \times ln\dfrac{382.85}{333.15} = 0.23 \, \dfrac{kJ}{K}\)

An example of a chimney is a flue-gas stack, which is often referred to as a smoke stack, chimney stack, or simply a stack.

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To calculate the magnitude of the voltage drop Vab, we first need to find the current flowing through the circuit when switch S1 is closed and switch S2 is open. This can be done using Ohm's Law (V = IR), where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

1. Identify the total resistance in the circuit. Since switch S2 is open, the current will only flow through the resistors connected to switch S1.
2. Apply Ohm's Law to calculate the current flowing through the circuit: I = V/R, where V is the voltage source, and R is the total resistance.
3. Calculate the voltage drop across each resistor using Ohm's Law (V = IR).
4. Determine Vab, which is the voltage drop between points A and B.

To find the magnitude of the voltage drop Vab when switch S1 is closed and switch S2 is open, you need to follow these steps: identify the total resistance in the circuit, calculate the current using Ohm's Law, find the voltage drop across each resistor, and finally determine the voltage drop between points A and B (Vab).

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When calculating the magnitude of the voltage drop (Vab) across a circuit with switch S1 closed and switch S2 open, you need to consider the circuit configuration, the resistances, and the voltage source.

To accurately answer this question, I would need specific information about the circuit components such as resistor values and the voltage source value. However, I can explain the process:
1. With switch S1 closed and switch S2 open, identify the active portion of the circuit.
2. Determine the total resistance (Rt) of the active circuit.
3. Apply Ohm's Law (V = I * R) to find the current (I) flowing through the circuit. (If the voltage source is given)
4. Calculate the voltage drop (Vab) across the desired portion of the circuit using the current and the resistance of that portion.

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Answer:

The thickness of the oil reservoir is 10cm, the production rate of oil is 100m3, the well radius is 10cm, the permeability of the reservoir is 1um2, the porosity is 0.2, the viscosity of the oil is 4mPa.s, the density of oil is 850kg/m3. If the flow regime can be considered as linear flow, can this flow in the reservoir satisfy Darcy's

Answer:

True. needa type in 20 more letters

Explanation:

ye.

Answer:

9 1/2

Explanation:

3 4/5 is 3.8

2/5 is 0.4

divide 3.8 by 0.4 you get 9.5 which is 9 1/2 in a fraction

The Thevenin voltage of the circuit is 9.75V.

To find the Thevenin voltage of the circuit, follow these steps:

Step 1: Identify the load resistor and remove it from the circuit.

In this circuit, there is no specific load resistor, so assume that we want to find the Thevenin voltage across the two terminals that are not connected to the 12V voltage source.

Step 2: Calculate the equivalent resistance of the circuit with the load resistor removed.

To find the equivalent resistance, we can use a combination of series and parallel resistor rules.

First, simplify the two parallel resistors R4 and R5 by using the formula:

1/Rp = 1/R4 + 1/R5

1/Rp = 1/2.2KΩ + 1/2.2KΩ

1/Rp = 2/2.2KΩ

Rp = 1.1KΩ

Now simplify the three resistors R1, R2, and Rp in series using the formula:

Rtotal = R1 + R2 + Rp

Rtotal = 100Ω + 47KΩ + 1.1KΩ

Rtotal = 48.2KΩ

Therefore, the equivalent resistance of the circuit with the load resistor removed is 48.2KΩ.

Step 3: Calculate the open-circuit voltage across the load resistor terminals.

To calculate the Thevenin voltage, determine the voltage across the two terminals that are not connected to the 12V voltage source. Do this by using voltage divider rule, where:

Vload = Vtotal × Rload / (Rtotal + Rload)

In this case, since load resistor is removed, set Rload to infinity, which means there is no current flowing through Rload and Vload is equal to the open-circuit voltage Vtotal.

Therefore, Vtotal = 12V × R2 / (R1 + R2 + Rp)

Vtotal = 12V × 47KΩ / (100Ω + 47KΩ + 1.1KΩ)

Vtotal = 9.75V

So the Thevenin voltage of the circuit is 9.75V.

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Note that genetically modified rice, called golden rice, is an example of how genetic engineering is used to: increase the nutrient quality of food.

Genetically modified foods, also known as genetically engineered foods or bioengineered foods, are foods made from organisms that have had alterations made to their DNA using genetic engineering techniques.

GMO foods are just as healthy and safe to eat as non-GMO ones. Some GMO plants have been genetically engineered to increase their nutritional value. GMO soybeans with better oils, for example, can be used to replace oils containing trans fats.

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Explanation:

This means that for every 1 cm on the drawing, there is 80 cm in reality. To put it another way, take this

1:80 means that the building is 80 times the size of the drawing

80:1 means that the drawing is 80 times the size of the building

If it were 80:1, the drawing itself would be over 100m long.

Answer:

yes yes it is why wouldn't it be

It is true that buying shop supplies from the shop owner to work on your own car at home is an ethical practice.

The term "ethical practises" refers to deeds and conduct that uphold established moral and social norms as well as shared values.

Honesty, fairness, transparency, accountability, respect, and responsibility are the traits that define these procedures.

The precise circumstances and the relationship between the shop owner and the individual will determine if purchasing shop materials from a shop owner to work on your own car at home is an ethical practise.

The exact situation and the relationship between the shop owner and the individual will determine whether or not purchasing shop materials from a shop owner to work on your own car at home is ethical.

Before implementing such a method, it is crucial to think about the possible outcomes and any ethical issues.

Thus, the given statement can be considered as true.

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Construction noise or competing conversations are examples of environmental noise.

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Answer:

  see attached

Explanation:

As you know, a full adder produces the binary value in (carry, output) that is the the number of true input bits among the (carry in, A, B) inputs.

The annotated diagram attached shows the bit values for a 4-bit full adder/subtractor.

__

Additional comment

If the numbers are considered "signed", then the top diagram will generate an "overflow" based on the difference between the carry C4 and the output O4.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

...

Explanation:

...

Answer:

You'd need to know things like the weight of the car, the spring constant of the suspension springs.

Explanation:

Driving over the curb slowly does not have much of an "impact" because of the small potential energy it has but to find the force that results from going over the curb at a much higher speed, you would need to know the weight of the car since it directly impact the force that it applies. You also would need to know about the car's suspension, the spring material, how stiff the springs are and their spring constant to calculate the force they absorb.

I hope this answer helps.

Explanation:

R = √(A²+B²–2ABCos(x°))

x⁰ = 180–135

x° = 45°

R = √(350²+180²–2(350(180))Cos(45)))

R = 256.524

Answer:

b. American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Explanation:

The "American Society of Mechanical Engineers" (ASME) is an organization that ensures the development of engineering fields. It is an accreditation organization that ensures parties will comply to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or BPVC.

The BPVC is a standard being followed by ASME in order to regulate the different pressure vessels and valves. Such standard prevents boiler explosion incidents.

Place a metal paper clip on a table and slowly bring each electromagnet closer to the paper clip to see which can attract the paper clip from a greater distance.(option A)

What is an electromagnet?

A coil surrounding a magnetic core through which an electric current is delivered to magnetize the core is what makes up an electromagnet. Wherever controlled magnets are needed, such as in devices where the magnetic flux needs to be adjusted, reversed, or turned on and off, an electromagnet is utilized.

The magnetic field has also been thought to be completely contained inside the coil. In actuality, the magnetic lines of force that surround the exterior of the coil, which represent the leakage flux, are constantly present and do not add to the core's magnetization.

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The question was incomplete. Check below the full question.

Jaeda designs two electromagnets of different strengths. the first electromagnet has an insulated copper wire wrapped around an iron nail many times before it is connected to a battery. the second electromagnet has its insulated copper wire wrapped around a similar nail a fewer number of times before it is connected to two smaller batteries jaeda tries to determine which electromagnet is stronger by bringing each near a bowl containing eight metal paper clips. she observes that both electromagnets attract all eight of the paper clips how can jaeda demonstrate that each electromagnet has a different strength?

A. Place a metal paper clip on a table and slowly bring each electromagnet closer to the paper clip to see which can attract the paper clip from a greater distance.

B. Determine which electromagnet has its copper wire wrapped around its iron nail a greater number of times.

C. Add plastic paper clips to the bowl and check which electromagnet can attract both kinds of paper clips.

D. Reduce the number of paper clips in the bowl and find which electromagnet attracts more paper clips.

The option that is not a types of stripping is option d. indent cuts.

What are the types of cable stripping?

They are:

1. End termination

2. window cut

3. cut spiral cut

4.circumferential and longitudinal cuts

Wire Stripping is known to be a kind of act where there is the removing of the material information from any kind of cable or wire transfers, thus making it hard to identify.

Therefore, The option that is not a types of stripping is option d. indent cuts.

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According to the basic principles of Electrical Resistance Welding, Resistance welding is used to fuse two metals together. See further explanation below.

It is to be noted that Electrical Resistance Welding comprises a welding head that exerts pressure and holds the metal between its electrodes, as well as a welding power source that applies electric current to the metal to be welded. When force is exerted, resistance creates friction heat.

A weld is a metal coalescence formed by heating to an appropriate temperature with or without pressure, and with or without the introduction of a filler substance.

Resistance welding bonds are classified into three types:

Different materials having dissimilar grain structures, such as molybdenum to tungsten, are bonded utilizing a relatively short heating time, high weld energy, and high force in a solid state bond, also known as a thermo-compression bond.

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