T-lymphocytes that can bind with thymic epithelial cells that have MHC molecules have passed a test called ________.negative selectionpositive selection
Answers
T-lymphocytes that can bind with thymic epithelial cells that have MHC molecules have passed a test called positive selection (option 2).
In positive selection, developing T cells in the thymus are tested for their ability to recognize self-MHC molecules, and those that can bind to self-MHC molecules are positively selected to survive and mature into functional T cells. This process ensures that T cells can recognize and respond to foreign antigens presented on MHC molecules, while avoiding attacking the body's own cells.
Negative selection, on the other hand, is a process that eliminates developing T cells that bind too strongly to self-antigens presented on MHC molecules, to prevent the development of autoimmunity.
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T-lymphocytes that can bind with thymic epithelial cells that have MHC molecules have passed a test called positive selection (option 2).
In positive selection, developing T cells in the thymus are tested for their ability to recognize self-MHC molecules, and those that can bind to self-MHC molecules are positively selected to survive and mature into functional T cells. This process ensures that T cells can recognize and respond to foreign antigens presented on MHC molecules while avoiding attacking the body's own cells.
Negative selection, on the other hand, is a process that eliminates developing T cells that bind too strongly to self-antigens presented on MHC molecules, to prevent the development of autoimmunity.
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Full Question: T-lymphocytes that can bind with thymic epithelial cells that have MHC molecules have passed a test called ________.
negative selectionpositive selectionRelated Questions
George has a cramp in the posterior part of his leg. Where is the cramp?
A. Ankle
B. Calf
C. Knee
D. Heel
Answers
The posterior part of the leg where George must have experiences the cramp is the calf.
The calf which is the back portion or the posterior part of the lower leg in human anatomy. The two largest muscles in the calf compartment are known together as the calf muscle and they attach to the heel through the Achilles tendon. A few other smaller muscles attach to the knee as well as the ankle through long tendons to the toes.
A leg cramp is basically an episode of sudden pain in the muscles present in the leg which is caused by an involuntary contracting or the shortening of the leg muscle. Most commonly, leg cramps occur in the calf muscles and less commonly they also occur in the feet and thighs.
Hence, the correct option is B. Calf
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What is everything in the kitchen sink except the nucleus?
Answers
Answer: vacuole
Explanation:
Make predictions about the amount/ratios/types of macromolecules for the following based on the description.
Adipose: A cell that is not very active. Primary fat storage in animals.
Xylem: a plant cell that is known for extremely tough cell walls. The cells themselves then die and become thin tubes for water transport.
Muscle cells: muscle cells are the primary location of actin and myosin which are used for muscle contraction.
Red blood cells: A cell that is filled with hemoglobin which is used to transport oxygen. However, these cells are final cellular products that are not nucleated and are routinely replaced.
Liver cells: The liver is a highly metabolic organ that helps with detoxification and lipid digestion. The chemical reactions in the liver are almost impossible to duplicate in the lab.
Answers
The macromolecules are as follows:
Adipose: lipidsXylem: carbohydratesMuscle cells: proteinsRed blood cells: proteinsLiver cells: proteinsWhat are macromolecules?Macromolecules refer to the large molecules found in living organisms that form the building block of life.
There are four main macromolecules;
carbohydrates - these are the energy-giving molecules that are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.proteins - these are the building blocks of the structure of living organisms. They are composed of amino acid monomerslipids - they serve as insulators and energy molecules. They are water-insolublenucleic acids - they store genetic informationLearn more about macromolecules at: https://brainly.com/question/5246898
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an individual with lactose intolerance may benefit from taking supplemental:
Answers
An individual with lactose intolerance may benefit from taking supplemental lactase.
Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body lacks the enzyme lactase, which is responsible for breaking down lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products. As a result, individuals with lactose intolerance experience digestive symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort when consuming lactose-containing foods.
Taking supplemental lactase can help alleviate the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Lactase supplements contain the enzyme lactase, which aids in the digestion of lactose. By taking these supplements before consuming lactose-containing foods or beverages, individuals with lactose intolerance can help their bodies break down lactose more effectively, reducing or even preventing the associated digestive symptoms.
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Respiration uses the _________________ you eat and the _________________ you breathe to make _______________, ______________________________, and ___________________________.
Answers
Respiration uses the energy from food that you eat and the oxygen from the air you breathe to make energy rich compounds and provide energy to do tasks.
All living cells engage in respiration, a chemical process that releases energy from glucose. With oxygen present, aerobic respiration produces more energy but does so more gradually. We get our energy from the stuff we eat. Our bodies break down the food we eat by combining it in the stomach with fluids (acids and enzymes). The carbohydrate (sugars and starches) in food is broken down into another type of sugar, called glucose, during digestion in the stomach.
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are the three main categories of fuel molecules that provide energy to humans. These molecules' kinetic, thermal, and other chemical forms are created from their potential chemical energy.
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how many chromosomes would be found in an allopolyploid plant if its parents had diploid numbers of 2 and 10, respectively?
Answers
Answer:
6
Explanation:
The allopolyploid off spring should have 6 chromosome the gametes produced for the diploid number 2 should be 1 and for 10 it should be 5 (n/2) the two gametesof both parents gametes should then fuse ( 1+5 ) giving us 6
or
gamete chromosomes =n÷2
gametes for diploid number 2
N= 2
2÷2 = I
gamete Chromosome = 1
gamete for diploid number 10
N=10
10÷2 =5
Allopolyploid= 5+1
=6
. if the critical concentration of tubulin dimers in the test tube is above the critical concentration for the plus end but below the critical concentration for the minus end, what will you observe in this in vitro system?
Answers
In microtubule treadmilling. the critical concentration of tubulin dimers in the test tube is above the critical concentration for the plus end but below the critical concentration for the minus end.
Microtubules play critical roles in many essential cell functions, including mitosis, vesicle motility, and morphogenesis control. They also appear to be involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression. Microtubules are not simply equilibrium polymers; they can exhibit unusual nonequilibrium dynamic behaviors. Differences in the critical subunit concentrations at the opposite microtubule ends cause treadmilling, which is the intrinsic flow of subunits from one polymer end to the other
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How do organisms get the energy they need? * 2 points by burning food molecules in their lungs, and releasing their energy as sugars by breathing carbon dioxide into the lungs and combining it with oxygen by breaking down food molecules and transferring their chemical energy to ATP by absorbing atmospheric chemicals into their bodies through the liver
Answers
Answer:
by breaking down food molecules and transferring their chemical energy to ATP
Explanation:
All living organisms require energy in order to perform their cellular functions. These energy is in form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate), which is the usable form of energy by cells. Organisms are able to obtain this energy via a process called CELLULAR RESPIRATION.
Cellular respiration involves the breaking down of glucose molecule (derived from the food intake) in a series of metabolic reactions to yield ATP (energy). In other words, organisms breakdown food molecules and transfer the chemical energy stored in their bonds into ATP.
Neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic neuron whenever {{c1::action potenial arrives, allowing Ca2+ into the presynaptic neuron}}
Answers
Neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic neuron whenever Ca2+ ions into the presynaptic neuron.
Neurotransmitters are essential chemicals that facilitate communication between neurons in the nervous system. When an action potential arrives at the presynaptic neuron, it triggers the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels. This allows an influx of Ca2+ ions into the presynaptic neuron. The increased calcium concentration inside the neuron activates a series of molecular events, which eventually lead to the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the presynaptic membrane.
As the vesicles fuse, neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft, the small gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. The released neurotransmitters then bind to specific receptor proteins on the postsynaptic neuron's membrane.
In summary, neurotransmitters play a critical role in neural communication by enabling the transfer of information between neurons. The release of neurotransmitters is triggered by the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic neuron, which causes an influx of Ca2+ ions. This event leads to the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the presynaptic membrane and the subsequent release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, where they interact with receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
Neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic neuron whenever _________
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amino acids in a protein polymer are connected by a covalent bond called a [ select ] bond that connect the [ select ] group of the first amino acid to the [ select ] group of the second amino acid. such successive amino acid bondings generate a protein polymer called a [ select ] .
Answers
The amino acids in a protein polymer are connected by a covalent bond called a peptide bond that connects the carboxyl group of the first amino acid to the amino group of the second amino acid. Such successive amino acid bondings generate a protein polymer called a polypeptide.
A peptide bond is formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. This bond results in the formation of a covalent linkage between the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the amino acids, creating a peptide bond. The successive formation of peptide bonds between amino acids leads to the generation of a polypeptide chain, which is the primary structure of a protein.
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Match each organism with the correct type of body cavity.
Photograph of a jellyfish emanating a bright white and yellow light in the dark background with few tiny jellyfishes around.
Answers
The organism pictured is a jellyfish, which has a gastrovascular cavity. This type of cavity is a simple, single-opening system that functions as both a digestive and circulatory system.
If a property owner cuts less trees, how can they make more profit than a non-FSC certified owner?
Answers
By increasing the sustainability, FSC certified owner can make more profit
What is non-FSC certified owner?A property owner who cuts fewer trees may make more profit than a non-FSC certified owner in several ways:
Increased sustainability: By cutting fewer trees, the property owner is preserving forest resources and biodiversity, which can attract environmentally conscious consumers and increase the demand for their products.
Better reputation: FSC certification is an internationally recognized symbol of responsible forest management. By obtaining this certification, the property owner can improve their public image, increase their brand recognition, and increase consumer trust in their products.
Access to new markets: Many companies and governments now require their suppliers to source products from FSC certified forests. By becoming FSC certified, the property owner may gain access to new markets and customers, increasing their sales and profitability.
Reduced costs: By reducing the number of trees cut, the property owner may reduce the costs associated with logging and timber harvesting, such as transportation and processing expenses.
In summary, by cutting fewer trees and becoming FSC certified, a property owner can improve their sustainability, reputation, market access, and reduce costs, leading to increased profits.
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True or False? Plants are key in the Carbon Cycle. Plants take in O2 and release CO2 into the Atmosphere.
Answers
Answer:
FALSE
Explanation:
They are key in carbon cycle, because CO2 an breathe out 02 ,while humans do the reverse of what they do
2. There are many different types of cancer.
Which of the following is one thing they all have in common?
a. They are all caused by uncontrolled cell death.
b. They all start in the lungs and migrate to different parts of the body.
c. They are all caused by uncontrolled cell growth.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Answers
Answer:
i think its a im not sure though
Based on the structures, a student claims that the animal cell contains complex structures that are absent in the bacterial cell. Which statement can the student make to support the claim?
(a) Animal cell contains flagella that aids in locomotion that is absent in case of a bacterial cell.
(b) Nuclear material of the bacterial cell is not enclosed in a nuclear envelope as in case of an animal cell. *
(c) Cytoplasmic content of the bacterial cell is not enclosed in a thick cell wall as in case of an animal cell.
(d) Animal cell contains ribosomes spread across the cell whereas in case of bacterial cell they are clumped together.
Answers
The answer is b. since bacteria are prokaryotes.
1. Which theory did Darwin use to explain evolution?
the theory of acquired characteristics
the theory of adaptive evolution
the theory of natural selection
the theory of mutated genes
Answers
Depression and anxiety disorder
The following are symptoms that
The first symptoms were in a
what cell type is located outside the blood-testis barrier?1.Spermatozoon 2.Secondary spermatocyte 3.Spermatid 4.Primary spermatocyte 5.Spermatogonium
Answers
The cell type that is located outside the blood-testis barrier is the option 5. Spermatogonium.
Spermatogonia are the male germ cells that are found in the testes. They are located outside the blood-testis barrier and they undergo mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes. These cells are responsible for the production of spermatozoa or sperm cells. The blood-testis barrier is important for protecting developing sperm cells from harmful substances in the bloodstream.
It is made up of tight junctions between Sertoli cells, which are cells that provide support and nourishment to developing sperm cells. The blood-testis barrier also helps to regulate the movement of molecules into and out of the seminiferous tubules, which are the structures within the testes where sperm cells are produced.
Spermatogonia are the cell type located outside the blood-testis barrier and they play a critical role in the process of spermatogenesis.
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Spell all words correctly.
What is the fused exoskeleton in crabs called?
The two fused segments are the thorax and the _____
Answers
Answer:
The two fused segments are the thorax and the abdomen. These form a segment called the "cephalothoraxes".
Explanation:
Hope I could help :)
The thorax and abdomen are the two melded segments. These form the "cephalothoraxes" segment.
What is exoskeleton?In contrast to the internal skeleton of a human, an exoskeleton is the external skeleton which also endorses and safeguards the body of an animal.
Some of the significantly bigger exoskeletons are referred to as "shells" in popular parlance.
The exoskeleton also acts as a water-tight barrier, safeguarding the insect from desiccation.
The wax-covered epicuticle contains the majority of the barrier. The exoskeleton serves an important function in preventing microorganisms from entering the animal's interior.
The two merged segments are the thorax and abdomen. The "cephalothoraxes" segment is made up of these.
Thus, the two fused segments are the thorax and the abdomen.
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Pls Help!!! Which would MOST likely be the characteristic of an object with a small volume and large mass?
A.high density
B.low pressure
C.low viscosity
D.high temperature
Answers
Answer: A. high density
Explanation: Think of something like an iron weight or a cannon ball. It is very heavy for its size compared to a balloon which may be about the same size (volume) but weighs a lot less because it has less mass, and is much less dense.
The most likely be the characteristic of an object with a small volume and large mass is high density. Thus, option A is correct.
What is density?
Density has been defined as the mass per unit volume it means that mass has been represented in one meter cube.
S.I unit of density is kg/meter^3.
Mathematically,
Density = Mass/Volume
MKS has been reffered to meter, kilogram, seconds. It forms the base of the international systems of the units though SI has since been redefined by different fundamental constants.
Average speed has been defined as the total distance travelled in total time taken it means that we can calculate the average speed obtained by an object.
Mathematically,
Average Speed = Total distance travelled/Total time taken
It's S.I unit is meter/second
Therefore, The most likely be the characteristic of an object with a small volume and large mass is high density. Thus, option A is correct.
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blood doping is effective for aerobic performance, but dangerous and potentially life threatening. it is safer to use the hormone erythropoietin. group of answer choices true false
Answers
The statement is False, Blood doping is effective for aerobic performance but dangerous and potentially life-threatening. it is safer to use the hormone erythropoietin.
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells (RBCs) in the bone marrow. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. EPO binds to receptors on the surface of RBC precursor cells in the bone marrow, stimulating their proliferation, differentiation, and maturation into mature RBCs. This increases the number of RBCs in circulation, which enhances the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to tissues and organs.
EPO is regulated by a feedback mechanism that senses the oxygen level in the blood. When the oxygen level is low, the kidneys produce and release more EPO, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs. In addition to its role in red blood cell production, EPO also has neuroprotective and tissue repair functions.
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36) if you experimentally increase the concentration of k inside a cell while maintaining other ion concentrations as they were, what would happen to the cell's membrane potential
Answers
The membrane potential would become less negative if you experimentally increase the concentration of k inside a cell while maintaining other ion concentrations as they were.
The neuron's resting potential would be lower than its current value of -70 mV. This is due to a decrease in the electronegativity of the interior of the cell as compared to the exterior caused by the addition of more K+ ions within. As a result, it would be simpler to achieve the potential to cause an impulse, but the impulse would be less powerful than usual.
A cell's membrane potential at rest is negative (negative). The cell membrane potential increases if we experimentally raise the level of k+ inside a cell while keeping the level of other ions constant ( membrane potential becomes positive)
For instance, if k+ levels rise inside a cell and the resting membrane potential of the cell is -70 mV, the membrane potential will rise and move closer to zero.
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Which microorganism grows at refrigeration temperature and can cause meningitis?
Answers
The microorganism that grows at refrigeration temperature and can cause meningitis is Listeria monocytogenes.
Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium commonly found in soil, water, and some animals. It is capable of surviving and growing at low temperatures, including refrigeration temperatures.
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can contaminate various types of food, including raw or undercooked meats, unpasteurized dairy products, and processed foods. When ingested, the bacterium can cause an infection known as listeriosis.
Listeriosis can manifest as a mild illness in healthy individuals, but it poses a greater risk to pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.
In severe cases, listeriosis can lead to meningitis, which is the inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes can be particularly dangerous and may require prompt medical attention.
Prevention of Listeria infection involves practicing good food safety measures, such as thoroughly cooking food, practicing proper hygiene, and avoiding high-risk foods, especially for individuals at higher risk of complications from the infection.
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what is one way that rna differs from dna? it forms a double helix. it forms a double helix. it is not soluble in water. it is not soluble in water. it is single-stranded. it is single-stranded. it has no nucleus.
Answers
Correct answer is E. It is single-stranded.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA and RNA vary primarily in that whereas RNA has single-stranded molecules, DNA contains double-stranded ones. Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, and ribonucleic acid, also known as RNA. Genetic information is carried by both DNA and RNA, but there are several key distinctions between the two. Deoxyribose, a sugar, makes up DNA, while ribose, a sugar, makes up RNA. Deoxyribose has one less -OH group than ribose. Another distinction is that whereas RNA is not stable in an alkaline environment, DNA is.
All genetic information is encoded in DNA, which also serves as the building block for all biological life. And only in the near future. In the long run, DNA serves as a storage medium, a biological flash drive that enables the transmission of the genetic code from one generation to the next. RNA works as the reader that decodes this flash drive. There are distinct RNAs for each phase in this multi-step reading process. We examine the three most crucial RNA kinds in further detail below.
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dominant alleles group of answer choices eventually drive recessive alleles out of existence always produce the most desirable expressions of traits can mask the expression of other alleles at the same locus are never expressed in the phenotype all of the above
Answers
The Dominant allele can mask an expression of an recessive allele. A phenotype is a physical trait that is actually expressed. A locus is a specific place on a chromosome where a gene is located.
If two alleles are at the same locus, are they the same?
A genotype is said to be homozygous if it has two identical alleles at a particular locus, and heterozygous if the two alleles are different. Alleles contribute to an organism's phenotype, the appearance of the organism.
Are alleles always in the same place?
When copies of a gene differ from each other, they are called alleles. A given gene may have several different alleles, but only two of her alleles are present at any individual locus.
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When heart rate increases what else increases?
Answers
Answer:
Your heart increase its stroke volume by pumping more forcefully or increasing the amount of blood that fills the left ventricle before it pumps. Generally speaking, your heart beats both faster and stronger to increase cardiac output during exercise.
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why do plants need to resort to natural and artificial reproductive methods to propogate plants
Answers
Answer:
plants can undergo natural methods of Asexual reproduction performed by the plants its self or artificial methods ,aided by humans
Explanation
in natural asexual reproduction roots can arise new plantsA student created a table to compare animal adaptations. Based on the table, which animal has a physical adaptation, and how does it give the animal an advantage?
Animal Adaptation
Polar bear Pads on its paws that help it walk on ice
Opossum Pretends to be dead to confuse predators
The polar bear, because the physical adaptation helps it catch prey.
The polar bear, because the physical adaptation allows it to hibernate.
The opossum, because the physical adaptation helps it survive.
The opossum, because the physical adaptation allows it to migrate.
Answers
Animal morphology Duck wavy feet Squirrel gathers and preserves food. The duck, since its altered behaviour enables it to capture prey.
What two physical modifications do animals have?Webbed feet enable waterfowl such ducks, geese, or swans swim so they can find food. Large ears let Eastern Cottontail Rabbits listen for danger. Unique physical characteristics called structural adaptations enable an animal thrive in its surroundings.
What three physical modifications do animals have?Some physical adaptations that help various species survive include the form of a frog's beak, the colour of a mammal's fur, its thickness and thinness of a fur, the shape of a snout, and the shape of the ears.
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Recessive genes a, b, c, d, e, and f are closely linked on a chromosome, but in unknown order. Three deletions in the region are examined. One deletion uncovers c, d, and f; another deletion uncovers b, c, d, and e; and the third deletion uncovers a and b. What is the order of the genes?
Answers
Which of the following is the basic unit of life? (5 points)
A. Cell
B. Element
C. Nucleus
D. Seed
Answers
Answer:A
Explanation: The cell is the basic unit of life because it creates life.
A. Cell is the answer!
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