The following code segment will properly declare and initialize an instance of the type mentioned above. Info myInfo = true; 10,4.99
A collection of symbols meant to signify established, frequently unspoken meanings; a system of symbols or signals used in communication. Code is text written in a programming language by a computer programmer. Examples include programming languages like C, C#, C++, Java, Perl, and PHP. Less formally, text written in markup or style languages like HTML and CSS can alternatively be referred to as "code." A code can be a list of guiding ideas. Our laws make up our legal system, and many people adhere to their own private "code of honour." Code can also refer to a language used to programme computers or a technique for transmitting encrypted messages. In 1303, the term "code" could only be used to describe a set of rules, such as as a code of conduct.
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Explain why Complements are used in the digital computer
Answer:
Explanation:
Complements are used in digital circuits, because it is faster to subtract by adding complements than by performing true subtraction. The binary complement of a number is created by reversing all bits and adding 1. The carry from the high-order position is eliminated.
tech a says that black exhaust indicates a very rich-running engine. tech b says that white exhaust can indicate coolant in the exhaust. who is correct?
Since tech A says that black exhaust indicates a very rich-running engine is false and since tech b says that white exhaust can indicate coolant in the exhaust, Tech B is correct.
What does it mean when your exhaust pipe is black?Black exhaust smoke is known to be one that can show up if the vehicle is said to be burning too much fuel.
Note that this situation could be as a result of a clogged air filter, the malfunctioning of the fuel injection system, a blocked manifold, or other forms of issues.
Therefore, Since tech A says that black exhaust indicates a very rich-running engine is false and since tech b says that white exhaust can indicate coolant in the exhaust, Tech B is correct.
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State whether the following statements are true or false. Provide a brief justification for your answer.
a. Consider a SDOF system with Coulomb damping. When displaced from the equilibrium position and released, the mass may not move at all.
b. Consider a SDOF system with an ideal viscous damper. When displaced from the equilibrium position and released, the mass will always undergo oscillatory motion.
c. The damped natural frequency of a system is always greater than the undamped natural frequency
d. For an undamped system undergoing a harmonic forcing, the amplitude of the response approaches zero as the forcing frequency becomes very high.
e. The amplitude of free response of SDOF system with Coulomb damping decreases
Answer:
[a] False.
[b]. True
[c]. false.
[d]. true.
[e]. true.
Explanation:
NB: SDOF simply means Simple Degree Of Freedom, that is to say it is a system that can be solved by differential equation such as the second order and the single differential equation.
So, the question asked us to determine if each of the scenario is true or false.
a. Consider a SDOF system with Coulomb damping. When displaced from the equilibrium position and released, the mass may not move at all.
ANSWER: FALSE.
REASON: The mass moved a little bit When displaced from the equilibrium position and released.
b. Consider a SDOF system with an ideal viscous damper. When displaced from the equilibrium position and released, the mass will always undergo oscillatory motion.
ANSWER: TRUE
REASON: for an ideal viscous damper. When displaced from the equilibrium position and released, the mass will always undergo oscillatory motion.
c. The damped natural frequency of a system is always greater than the undamped natural frequency
.
ANSWER: FALSE
REASON: The damped natural frequency of a system is always greater than the undamped natural frequency
d. For an undamped system undergoing a harmonic forcing, the amplitude of the response approaches zero as the forcing frequency becomes very high.
ANSWER: TRUE
REASON: the amplitude of the response approaches zero as the forcing frequency becomes very high for undamped system undergoing a harmonic forcing
e. The amplitude of free response of SDOF system with Coulomb damping decreases
ANSWER: TRUE
REASON: amplitude of free response of SDOF system with Coulomb damping decreases
What does efficiency measure?
Answer:
Efficiency is defined as any performance that uses the fewest number of inputs to produce the greatest number of outputs. Simply put, you're efficient if you get more out of less.
Explanation:
A major contributor to product defects in electronic modules relates to stresses induced during thermal cycling (intermittent heating and cooling). For example, in circuit cards having active and passive components with materials of different thermal expansion coefficients, thermal stresses are the principal source of failure in component joints, such as soldered and wired connections. Although concern is generally for fatigue failure resulting from numerous excursions during the life of a product, it is possible to identify defective joints by performing accelerated thermal stress tests before the product is released to the customer. In such cases, it is important to achieve rapid thermal cycling to minimize disruption to production schedules.
A manufacturer of circuit cards wishes to develop an apparatus for imposing rapid thermal transients on the cards by subjecting them to forced convection characterized by a relation of the form Nuj = CRemPr", where m=0. 8 and n=0. 33. However, he does not know whether to use air (k = 0. 026 W/mK, v= 1. 6x105m²/s, Pr=0. 71) or a dielectric liquid (k=0. 064 W/m-K, v= 109 m²/s, Pr=25) as the working fluid. Assuming equivalent air and liquid velocities and validity of the lumped capacitance model for the components, obtain a quantitative estimate of the ratio of the thermal time constants for the two fluids.
Required:
What fluid provides the faster thermal response?
A manufacturer of circuit cards aims to develop an apparatus for subjecting them to rapid thermal transients using forced convection, characterized by the relation Nuj = CRemPr^m, where m = 0.8 and n = 0.33.
To achieve rapid thermal cycling and minimize disruption to production schedules, the manufacturer needs an apparatus that can impose controlled thermal stresses on the circuit cards. Forced convection, which involves the movement of fluid (air or liquid) over the surface of the cards, is an effective method for achieving rapid heat transfer.
The relation Nuj = CRemPr^m is a dimensionless correlation equation known as the Nusselt number correlation. It relates the Nusselt number (Nu) to the Reynolds number (Re) and the Prandtl number (Pr). The Nusselt number represents the convective heat transfer coefficient, which determines the rate of heat transfer between the fluid and the surface. The Reynolds number characterizes the flow regime, indicating whether the flow is laminar or turbulent, while the Prandtl number represents the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity of the fluid.
In the given relation, the values of m = 0.8 and n = 0.33 determine the correlation exponents. These values have been determined through experimental data and are specific to the system being studied. The manufacturer needs to determine the appropriate values of the constant C based on the specific conditions and characteristics of their apparatus and circuit cards.
By using the Nuj = CRemPr^m relation, the manufacturer can design and optimize their thermal cycling apparatus to achieve the desired rapid thermal transients. This will allow them to perform accelerated thermal stress tests on the circuit cards, identifying any defective joints or potential failure points before the product is released to the customer. Implementing such tests in the manufacturing process will help ensure the reliability and quality of the electronic modules, reducing the risk of failures caused by thermal cycling-induced stresses.
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Blank is a measure of the amount of matter in a given amount of space
Hope this helps you buddy!!!!! :}
Mass The measure of the amount of matter in an object.
The Sun was formed from a large cloud of gas. What caused this gas to come together and form the Sun? A. The atoms of gas were pulled together by the force of gravity. B. The planets pushed the atoms of gas toward each other. C. The magnetic forces from stars moved the atoms of gas together. D. The atoms of gas were attracted to the center of a black hole.
The atoms of gas were pulled together by the force of gravity. The correct option is A.
The force of gravity is the main force responsible for the formation of the Sun from a cloud of gas. The gas cloud was initially in a state of gravitational equilibrium, where the inward gravitational force was balanced by the outward pressure caused by the gas particles' thermal energy.
However, as the gas cloud began to contract due to small perturbations, its density and temperature increased. This increased the force of gravity, causing more gas to be pulled inwards, and the cloud to contract further. The contraction caused the gas to heat up even more, until the temperature was high enough for nuclear fusion to begin, leading to the formation of the Sun.The correct option A. The other options listed (B, C, and D) are not correct because they do not accurately describe the physical processes that lead to the formation of the Sun. The planets did not exist until after the Sun had formed, and they did not play a role in its formation. Magnetic forces from stars are also not relevant, as there were no other stars nearby when the Sun was formed. Finally, the atoms of gas would not be attracted to the center of a black hole unless they were very close to it, which is not the case for the gas cloud that formed the Sun.To know more about gravity visit:
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Identify an object in your house that contains a physical system and list three questions you could use to define the system
Answer:
ALL CAREFULLY ANSWERED CORRECTLY
Explanation:
1) A loaf of Bread PHYSICAL SYSTEM
✓ How can the environment affect the edibility of the bread
✓ What are the constituents that makes up the bread
✓ What process is involved in these constituents mixing to form the loaf.
2) The law of thermodynamics makes us to understand that when heat/energy passes through a system, the systems internal energy changes with respect to the conservation of energy law. That is energy lost = energy gained. Typically, ice would melt in a cup of hot tea because of the thermal energy in the molecules of the hot tea. When you heat a material, you are adding thermal kinetic energy to its molecules and usually raising its temperature. The temperature of the ice raises due to the kinetic energy added to it and it melts to water.
3) The theory of systems view the world as a complex system of interconnected parts. If we consider the society; (financial systems, political systems, etc) we will agree that they individually have their own components and it's the summation of this components that makes the system, this implies that system thinking could be applicable in this kinda of systems as long as they are made up of components.
4) Technology has boosted every sector of our lives and it has the capacity to do more. Restricting it's importance to entertainment alone would be an underusing of its potentials. Engineering students infact should not need any drive to be encouraged about maximizing all it can do in shaping our world.
5) ~ Nature shows its splendid soul
~Never ceases to leave us in amazement
~And we are in love
An object that contains a physical system is a T.V. remote control. Three questions that contain physical systems are:
Is air a physical system?What steps are taken to combine these ingredients to create the loaf?How might the environment impact the bread's palatability?What is a physical system?Sensors, motors, and robots are examples of physical systems. The use of the TV remote controls, traffic lights, security systems, air conditioning systems, and automatic doors are just a few examples given. We give explanations for why we employ physical systems.
A physical system is made up of components or elements that when put together display behavior that its component parts alone do not. (Biological systems and living systems are included in this definition.) The two components of physical systems are matter and energy.
Therefore, a TV remote control is an item that houses a physical system. Three questions are:
Is the air a system of matter? How are these ingredients mixed together to make the loaf? How may the flavor of the bread be affected by the surroundings?To learn more about the physical system, refer to the link:
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which of the following statements regarding two-pipe fuel delivery systems is false?
Option B is accurate since it indicates that after opening a two-pipe system, the system must be bled to remove any air in the fuel line. This is a false assertion.
There are distinct pipes in a two-pipe fuel delivery system for feeding fuel to the burner and returning surplus fuel to the tank. This method is frequently utilized in oil-fired heating systems.
When the system is first loaded or when it runs out of fuel, bleeding may be required to remove any air that has entered the fuel line. Bleeding entails removing all air from the system and ensuring that only fuel remains in the lines.
Therefore, option B is false because a properly functioning two-pipe system should not require bleeding every time it is opened.
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The complete question:
Which of the following statements regarding two-pipe fuel delivery systems is false?
A. A two-pipe system is self-priming.
B. If a two-pipe system is opened, the system must be bled to get rid of any air in the fuel line.
C. A two-pipe system’s fuel unit pumps more fuel oil in a given time than is burned in that time.
D. All of the above.
We are capable of building computers that exhibit human-level intelligence. Are there certain areas of application where we should push to accelerate the building of such computers? Why these application areas? Are there certain areas of application we should avoid? Why these application areas?
The idea of creating computers with human-level intelligence has been a topic of discussion for a long time.
While it's an exciting prospect, it's also important to consider the areas where we should push to accelerate the building of such computers.
One area where we should focus on accelerating the building of such computers is the medical field. With the help of these computers, doctors can diagnose diseases more accurately and efficiently, and even predict future health issues. Additionally, these computers can analyze medical data faster, which could lead to the development of new drugs and treatments.
Another area where we can push for the development of human-level intelligent computers is the field of engineering. These computers can simulate complex structures and designs, leading to the creation of better and more efficient machines.
However, there are also certain areas where we should avoid building such computers. For example, creating autonomous weapons or robots with human-level intelligence can have disastrous consequences. Such weapons or robots could make decisions that could harm humans, which is not something we should take lightly.
In conclusion, while the development of computers with human-level intelligence is an exciting prospect, it's important to focus on the areas where they can be used to improve human lives. At the same time, we must be cautious about the potential risks associated with their development in certain areas.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a basic hydraulic
system?
Answer:
hydraulic fusis,filters,wear resistance,compressibility,viscosity.
Explanation:
viscosity is a measure of an hydraulic fluid resistance to flow
Which design activity is part of the design for manufacturability (DFM) methodology?
Aavold parts that are mirror Images
B. establish guidelines on the go
с. some asymmetrical parts are acceptable
D.
maximize utilization of setup time
Answer:
D would be correct because it maximizes it.
A hiker collected several rocks along her trek through the forest for her geology project. she needed to classify each of the rocks into a category based on physical characteristics. what type of investigation did she conduct?
To group the rocks into different categories based on their physical attributes. She conducted research on texture and composition.
Two criteria—TEXTURE and COMPOSITION—are used to categorize rocks. The sizes, shapes, and relationships between the many mineral grains and other components that make up a rock are what determine its texture. The process that created the rock controls these elements. Color, hardness, luster, crystal formations, density, and cleavage are characteristics that aid in the identification of minerals in rocks by geologists. Crystal structure at the atomic level principally determines crystal shape, cleavage, and hardness. The chemical makeup mostly determines color and density. The most prevalent physical characteristics are those related to crystal structure, color, hardness, cleavage, and specific gravity. Examining a mineral's crystal shape is one of the finest ways to identify it.
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What is the impact of age on the tin in the fusible plug?
The impact of age on the tin in the fusible plug is that it can cause the tin to become brittle and lose its ability to function effectively.
Fusible plugs are safety devices installed in boilers to prevent excessive pressure buildup. They contain a core made of tin or an alloy with a low melting point. Over time, the tin can deteriorate due to aging and exposure to high temperatures. As the tin ages, it may lose its ability to melt and release pressure at the desired temperature.
This can compromise the safety of the boiler system, as the fusible plug may not function as intended during an overpressure event. Regular inspection and replacement of fusible plugs are necessary to ensure their reliability and effectiveness in maintaining boiler safety.
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What does it mean when the service engine light is on?
The engine oil is hot or low
O The engine coolant is too hot or low
O The alternator is not charging the battery
O The engine needs to be checked right away
To convert a measurement in centimeters to
meters, you simply move the decimal point
a. two places to the left
b. three places to the right
c. three places to the left
do four places to the right
Answer:
a
Explanation:
To convert a measurement in centimeters to meters, simply move the decimal point two places to the left. Thus, the correct option is A). two places to the left.
What is the way to convert centimeters to meters and decimals?There are 100 centimeters in every meter, which means that dividing the measurement in centimeters by 100 will convert it to meters. This conversion is very quick and easy by simply moving the decimal point in the measurement 2 spaces to the left.
The centimeter to meter conversion (cm to m) is basically, the conversion from centimeters to meters. One centimeter is approximately equal to 0.01 meter or we can say that one meter equals to 100 centimeters.
Simply, in order to convert cm to m, multiply the given centimeter value by 0.01 m. For example:- 5 cm = 5 x 0.01 m
5 cm = 0.05 m
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Large wind turbines with blade span diameters of over 100 m are available for electric power generation. Consider a wind turbine with a blade span diameter of 100 m installed at a site subjected to steady winds at 8 m/s. Taking the overall efficiency of the wind turbine to be 32 percent and the air density to be 1.25 kg/m3 , determine the electric power generated by this wind turbine. Also, assuming steady winds of 8 m/s during a 24-hour period, determine the amount of electric energy and the revenue generated per day for a unit price of $0.09/kWh for electricity
Answer:
The wind turbine generates \(19297.222\) kilowatt-hours of electricity daily.
The wind turbine makes a daily revenue of 1736.75 US dollars.
Explanation:
First, we have to determine the stored energy of wind (\(E_{wind}\)), measured in Joules, by means of definition of Kinetic Energy:
\(E_{wind} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \dot m_{wind}\cdot \Delta t \cdot v_{wind}^{2}\) (Eq. 1)
Where:
\(\dot m_{wind}\) - Mass flow of wind, measured in kilograms per second.
\(\Delta t\) - Time in which wind acts in a day, measured in seconds.
\(v_{wind}\) - Steady wind speed, measured in meters per second.
By assuming constant mass flow and volume flows and using definitions of mass and volume flows, we expand the expression above:
\(E_{wind} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \rho_{air}\cdot \dot V_{air} \cdot \Delta t \cdot v_{wind}^{2}\) (Eq. 1b)
Where:
\(\rho_{air}\) - Density of air, measured in kilograms per cubic meter.
\(\dot V_{air}\) - Volume flow of air through wind turbine, measured in cubic meters per second.
\(E_{wind} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \rho_{air}\cdot A_{c}\cdot \Delta t\cdot v_{wind}^{3}\) (Eq. 2)
Where \(A_{c}\) is the area of the wind flow crossing the turbine, measured in square meters. This area is determined by the following equation:
\(A_{c} = \frac{\pi}{4}\cdot D^{2}\) (Eq. 3)
Where \(D\) is the diameter of the wind turbine blade, measured in meters.
If we know that \(\rho_{air} = 1.25\,\frac{kg}{m^{3}}\), \(D = 100\,m\), \(\Delta t = 86400\,s\) and \(v_{wind} = 8\,\frac{m}{s}\), the stored energy of the wind in a day is:
\(A_{c} = \frac{\pi}{4}\cdot (100\,m)^{2}\)
\(A_{c} \approx 7853.982\,m^{2}\)
\(E_{wind} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left(1.25\,\frac{kg}{m^{3}} \right) \cdot (7853.982\,m^{2})\cdot (86400\,s)\cdot \left(8\,\frac{m}{s} \right)^{3}\)
\(E_{wind} = 2.171\times 10^{11}\,J\)
Now, we proceed to determine the quantity of energy from wind being used by the wind turbine in a day (\(E_{turbine}\)), measured in joules, with the help of the definition of efficiency:
\(E_{turbine} = \eta\cdot E_{wind}\) (Eq. 4)
Where \(\eta\) is the overall efficiency of the wind turbine, dimensionless.
If we get that \(E_{wind} = 2.171\times 10^{11}\,J\) and \(\eta = 0.32\), then the energy is:
\(E_{turbine} = 0.32\cdot (2.171\times 10^{11}\,J)\)
\(E_{turbine} = 6.947\times 10^{10}\,J\)
The wind turbine generates \(6.947\times 10^{10}\) joules of electricity daily.
A kilowatt-hours equals 3.6 million joules. We calculate the equivalent amount of energy generated by wind turbine in kilowatt-hours:
\(E_{turbine} = 6.947\times 10^{10}\,J\times\frac{1\,kWh}{3.6\times 10^{6}\,J}\)
\(E_{turbine} = 19297.222\,kWh\)
The wind turbine generates \(19297.222\) kilowatt-hours of electricity daily.
Lastly, the revenue generated per day can be found by employing the following:
\(C_{rev} = c\cdot E_{turbine}\) (Eq. 5)
Where:
\(c\) - Unit price, measured in US dollars per kilowatt-hour.
\(C_{rev}\) - Revenue generated by the wind turbine in a day, measured in US dollars.
If we know that \(c = 0.09\,\frac{USD}{kWh}\) and \(E_{turbine} = 19297.222\,kWh\), then the revenue is:
\(C_{rev} = \left(0.09\,\frac{USD}{kWh} \right)\cdot (19297.222\,kWh)\)
\(C_{rev} = 1736.75\,USD\)
The wind turbine makes a daily revenue of 1736.75 US dollars.
1. Why does condensed water drip from the air-conditioning system?
Answer:
Your answer is: Evaporator, the condensed water drip comes from something called the evaporator. When warm air touches the cold coil ( or the cold pipe) the water vapor condensed while the cold coil absorbs.
Explanation:
Hope this helped : )
for this slow cooling process, is the corresponding steel h ypoeutectoid or h ypereutectoid 4 points] what is the proeutectoid phase? 3 points]
Proeutectoid signifies is a phase that forms (on cooling) before the eutectoid austenite decomposes. It has a parallel with primary solids in that it is the first phase to solidify out of the austenite phase. Thus, hypoeutectoid is the correct answer.
What is hypoeutectoid steel?Hypoeutectoid steels are those that contain less than 0.80 weight percent carbon (strictly 0.77 weight percent C, but a less stringent definition is used in commercial practice). Proeutectoid ferrite and austenite, each with a different carbon content, can coexist as two distinct phases in hypoeutectoid steels after initial cooling from the austenite single phase field. The remaining austenite undergoes the eutectoid reaction, converting to ferrite plus cementite (i.e., pearlite), and as a result, the microstructure of these steels typically contains proeutectoid ferrite grains and pearlite islands.
Eutectoid steels have a carbon content of 0.76 weight percent (in reality, steels with a carbon content of 0.75 to 0.85 weight percent are frequently categorized as eutectoid steels). All carbon is dissolved in the austenite, which forms as a solid solution in these steels at any temperature in the austenitic range.
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Describe how to generate a pulse waveform using the function generator. List the input parameters required for the pulse waveform. (Function generator is a KEYSIGHT 33210A)
Input parameters required for the pulse waveform are ==> (i) pulse period (Take it to be 400 msec) (ii) pulse width (Take it to be 10 msec).
What are the types of waveforms generated by a function generator?Basic function generators generally can generate basic periodic waveforms such as sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, ramp wave, pulse wave and so on. Modern function generators nowadays have a very important feature called modulation.
How can I generate waveforms more efficiently?Keysight engineering experts came up with four tips to help you more efficiently generate simple or complex waveforms. Creating arbitrary waveforms on a function generator or arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) is easier than you might think.
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Considering the CIA triad and the Parkerian hexad, what are the advantages and disadvantages of each model?
The CIA triad and the Parkerian hex are the fundamental principles of information security.
CIA triad and the Parkerian hexadParkeriano, or Parkerian hexad: is a set of six elements of information security proposed by Donn B. Parker.
1. Confidentiality.
2. Ownership or Control.
3. Integrity.
4. Authenticity.
5. Availability.
6. Utility
The Parkerian hexagram adds three more attributes to the three classic security attributes of the CIA triangle
Confidentiality Integrity Availability
these are the fundamental principles of information security.
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The tensile strength of brittle materials may be determined using a variation of Equation 8.1. Compute the critical crack tip radius for an Al2O3 specimen that experiences tensile fracture at an applied stress of 275 MPa (40,000 psi). Assume a critical surface crack length of 2 × 10−3 mm and a theoretical fracture strength of E/10, where E is the modulus of elasticity.
Answer:
0.39 nM
Explanation:
The critical crack tip radius from the equation
attached below
for fracture to occur the бm will have to reach the fracture strength of material
i.e. бm = E/10
from equation 2 attached below
St = ( 400 * a * бo^2 ) / E^2 ------ 3
Given : a = 2*10^-3 mm , бo = 275 MPa, E = 393 * 10^3 MPa ( gotten from table)
Input given values into equation 3
St = 3.9 * 10^-7 ≈ 0.39 nM
A series circuit has a 12-volt power source and two resistors of 1 ohm and 2 ohms respectively. How many amps will flow when
the circuit is closed?
Answer:
6 amps
Explanation:
current =v÷r
12v÷2 ohms= 6amps
Hey everyone!
This question is hard.
What specific fluid goes in the windshield wipers? (I never drove a car before)
And how much to put in fluid ounces? (So you don't blow a car up)
Answer:
What specific fluid goes in the windshield wipers.
Distilled water
How much to put in fluid ounces?
There should be a tiny bit more than 3/4 of the way full.
a design team is developing a prototype co 2 cartridge for a manufacturer of rubber rafts. this cartridge will allow a user to quickly inflate a raft.
A prototype is produced, tested, and then modified as necessary until an acceptable result is obtained from which the entire system or product can be developed using the prototyping model, which is a systems development technique.
Explain about the prototype?Developed to test a concept or procedure, a prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product. Its usage spans a wide range of fields, including software development, design, electronics, and semantics. In most cases, system analysts and users will use a prototype to assess a new design that will improve precision.
An early or initial model of something, such a machine, is called a prototype. From the prototype, new forms are created or replicated. The prototype is what the aeronautical engineers design and test on in the research and development division of a corporation that, for instance, manufactures flying machines.
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What is Electrical resistance welding basic principles
According to the basic principles of Electrical Resistance Welding, Resistance welding is used to fuse two metals together. See further explanation below.
Principles of Electrical resistance weldingIt is to be noted that Electrical Resistance Welding comprises a welding head that exerts pressure and holds the metal between its electrodes, as well as a welding power source that applies electric current to the metal to be welded. When force is exerted, resistance creates friction heat.
A weld is a metal coalescence formed by heating to an appropriate temperature with or without pressure, and with or without the introduction of a filler substance.
Resistance welding bonds are classified into three types:
solid state, fusion, and reflow braze.Different materials having dissimilar grain structures, such as molybdenum to tungsten, are bonded utilizing a relatively short heating time, high weld energy, and high force in a solid state bond, also known as a thermo-compression bond.
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Problem 1. CMRR of Differential Amplifiers [8 points] VOD J J RD Ro+ARD Vo- Vo+ M M2 +vd/2 -Vd/2 Vc VB4 M4 Vc VB VB3 M3 VB Fig. P1 All transistors are in the saturation region; the transconductances of M1, M2, M3 and M4 are gml, gm2, gm3 and gm4, respectively; the output resistances of M1, M2, M3 and M4 are rol, 102, 103, and 104, respectively. Also, gm1 = gm2 and ro1 = ro2 >> Rp. The tail current source of this differential amplifier is implemented in the cascode structure (M3 and M4), and the load resistors have a very small amount of mismatch, ARD (<
CMRR of Differential Amplifiers is RD/r₀1(1+gm1r₀₄.ro₃gm₄) when All transistors are in the saturation region.
a)V₀=-gm₁(r₀||RD).Vd
V₀/Vd=-gm1(r₀||RD)
since r₀>>Rd
Ad=-gm1Rd
b)for common mode
Rout =gm₄ro₄.ro₃
AV=-gm1r₀1/1+2gm1r₀₄.ro₃gm₄
C)CMRR=|Ad/Ac| for Differential Amplifiers
=gm1Rd/(gm1r₀1/1+2gm1r₀₄.ro₃gm₄)
CMRR=RD/r₀1(1+gm1r₀₄.ro₃gm₄)
The common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of an operational amplifier is the proportion of common-mode gain to differential-mode gain. The CMRR is X/Y, for instance, if a differential input change of Y volts results in a change of 1 volt at the output and a common-mode input change of X volts results in a change of 1 volt at the output as well.
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Suppose, you are cleaning your reading table and keeping your books one upon another. Your
books are numbered are as 1,2,3,4,5. But you want your books to be ordered in such a way so
that when you pick up the first book and last book, those should be always 3 and 1, respectively.
The rest three books (2, 4 and 5) can be in any order.
Which collection is suitable here? Show its adding and removing methods in operation.
Answer:
it's answer B. I took the test
A platinum resistance temperature detector has a resistance of 100.00 V at 0°C, 138.50 V at 100°C and 175.83 V at 200°C. What will be the nonlinearity error in °C at 100°C if the detector is assumed to have a linear relationship between 0 and 200°C?
Answer:
about 1.54 °C
Explanation:
The error will be the difference between the temperature interpreted from the resistance value and the actual temperature. The linear equation used to translate the resistance reading to temperature will be ...
T = (200 -0)/(175.83 -100.00)(R -100.00)
T ≈ 2.637479(R -100)
At the temperature of 100°C, the resistance value of 138.50 will be interpreted to be a temperature of ...
T = 2.637479(138.50 -100) ≈ 101.543°C
This represents an error of 1.543°C relative to the actual temperature.
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