The British gold sovereign coin is an alloy of gold and copper having a total mass of 7.988 g, and is 22-karat gold.

(a) Find the mass of gold in the sovereign in kilograms using the fact that the number of karats = 24× (mass of gold)/ total mass.

(b) Calculate the volumes of gold and copper, respectively, used to manufacture the coin.

(c) Calculate the density of the British sovereign coin.

Answer:

All of them are organic compounds which have carbon as their main atom in the structure.

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, since organic chemistry is the study of all the compounds having the carbon atom as their main atom, all the vegetables, animals, an in general, living things are composed by lipids, proteins, and other organic substances with this feature. Moreover, wood-based materials are mainly composed by lignin which is an organic polymer also having carbon as the main atom. In addition, oil and gasoline are organic chemical compounds with a lot of applications in daily life which also contain carbon atoms in their structure.

In such a way, a celery, a wooden spoon, and oil/gasoline have the carbon atom in common as their main atom in their chemical structures.

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Types of luminous flames:

1. Yellow Luminous Flame

2. Smoky Luminous Flame

3. Orange Luminous Flame

4. Blue Luminous Flame

Luminous flames are characterized by their visible glow, which is caused by the incomplete combustion of fuel. The presence of soot particles in the flame causes the emission of light. There are different types of luminous flames, which can be classified based on their fuel composition and burning conditions. Here are some common types of luminous flames:

1. Yellow Luminous Flame: This is the most common type of luminous flame, often seen in open fires, candles, and gas stoves. It appears yellow due to the presence of soot particles in the flame. Yellow flames indicate incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, such as methane, propane, or natural gas. The high carbon content in these fuels leads to the formation of soot, which emits visible light.

2. Smoky Luminous Flame: This type of flame is characterized by a significant amount of black smoke and soot production. It is commonly observed in poorly adjusted or malfunctioning burners or engines. The excessive presence of unburned fuel in the flame results in incomplete combustion and the emission of dark smoke particles.

3. Orange Luminous Flame: An orange flame indicates a higher combustion temperature compared to a yellow flame. It is often seen in more efficient burners or when burning fuels with a higher carbon content, such as oil or diesel. The higher temperature helps in burning more of the carbon particles, reducing the amount of soot and making the flame appear less yellow.

4. Blue Luminous Flame: A blue flame is typically associated with complete combustion. It indicates efficient burning of fuel, resulting in minimal soot formation. Blue flames are commonly observed in gas burners or Bunsen burners. The blue color is a result of the combustion of gases, such as methane, in the presence of sufficient oxygen.

It's important to note that the luminosity of a flame can vary depending on factors such as fuel-air mixture, combustion temperature, and the presence of impurities. Achieving complete combustion and minimizing the production of soot is desirable for efficient and cleaner burning processes.

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Answer:

34.3 g NH3

Explanation:

M(H2) = 2*1 = 2 g/mol

M(N2) = 2*14 = 28 g/mol

M(NH3) = 14 + 3*1 = 17 g/mol

23.6 g H2* 1 mol/2 g = 11.8 mol H2

28.3 g N2 * 1 mol/28 g = 1.01 mol N2

                                 3H2 + N2 ------> 2NH3

from reaction         3 mol    1 mol

given                   11.8 mol    1.01 mol

We can see that H2 is given in excess, N2 is limiting reactant.

                                 3H2 + N2 ------> 2NH3

from reaction                     1 mol         2 mol

given                                 1.01 mol      x

x = 2*1.01/1= 2.02 mol NH3

2.02 mol * 17g/1 mol ≈ 34.3 g NH3

The maximum amount of product that can be produced is 34.3 gram of NH3 will produce.

Chemical reaction is defined as a procedure in which one or more compounds, known as reactants, are changed into one or more distinct substances, known as products.

It is defined as a process in which two or more molecules collide with the proper orientation and enough force to produce a new product.

Mass of H2 = 2x1 = 2 grams/ mole

Mass of N2 = 2 x 14 = 28 grams/ mole

Molar mass of NH3 = 14 + 1 x 3 = 17 grams/ mole

Moles of 23.6 g of H2 =  23.6 / 2 = 11.8 moles

Moles of 28.3 g of N2 = 28.3 / 28 = 1.01 moles

3H2 + N2 --> 2NH3

As per the reaction

X = 2 x 1.01 / 1 = 2.02 moles of NH3

The amount of product = 2.02 x 17 = 34.3 grams of NH3

Thus, the  maximum amount of product that can be produced is 34.3 gram of NH3 will produce.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Initial:

Answer: Usually, the rock pieces, called sediments, drop from the wind or water to make a layer. The layer can be buried under other layers of sediments. After a long time the sediments can be cemented together to make sedimentary rock. In this way, igneous rock can become sedimentary rock.

Explanation:

Active transport requires energy to transport the molecules across the cell membrane. Thus, Option A is correct.

Active transport is the transport of molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration across the cell (plasma) membrane. As this process is against the concentration gradient, it requires cellular energy to transport the molecules or ions. Active transport involves Primary active transport and secondary active transport.

Passive transport involves the movement of molecules from a higher to lower concentration gradient and thus does not require energy and is slower than active transport.

Therefore, only active transport requires energy for the transportation of molecules across the cell membrane.

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Answer:

3.37 cm

Step-by-step:

The edge length of the titanium cube can be calculated using the formula:

Edge length = (Volume of cube)^(1/3)

And the volume of the cube can be calculated as follows:

1. Calculate the mass of the titanium atoms in the cube.

The mass of one titanium atom can be calculated by dividing the molar mass of titanium by Avogadro's number:

Mass of one titanium atom = Molar mass of titanium / Avogadro's number

= 47.867 g/mol / (6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mol)

= 7.943 × 10^-23 g/atom

The total mass of the titanium atoms in the cube is then:

Total mass of titanium atoms = (2.23 × 10^24 atoms) × (7.943 × 10^-23 g/atom)

= 1.773 × 10^2 g

2. Calculate the volume of the titanium cube.

The volume of the cube can be calculated by dividing the total mass of the titanium atoms by the density of titanium:

Volume of cube = Total mass of titanium atoms / Density of titanium

= 1.773 × 10^2 g / 4.50 g/cm^3

= 39.4 cm^3

3. Calculate the edge length of the titanium cube.

Finally, the edge length of the cube can be calculated as:

Edge length = (Volume of cube)^(1/3)

= (39.4 cm^3)^(1/3)

= 3.37 cm

So the edge length of the titanium cube is 3.37 cm, rounded to three significant figures.

Hope this helps!

The temperature increase from 20 °C to 46 °C indicates that the reaction between zinc and copper sulfate solution is exothermic, with heat being released into the surroundings.

In the given reaction between zinc and copper sulfate solution, the temperature change can provide insights into the type of heat change occurring during the reaction. Based on the provided information, the initial temperature of the copper sulfate solution was 20 °C, and the final temperature of the mixture after the reaction was 46 °C.

The temperature increase observed in this reaction indicates an exothermic heat change. An exothermic reaction releases heat energy into the surroundings, resulting in a temperature rise. In this case, the reaction between zinc and copper sulfate solution is exothermic because the final temperature is higher than the initial temperature.

During the reaction, zinc displaces copper from copper sulfate to form zinc sulfate and copper metal. This displacement reaction is known as a single displacement or redox reaction. Zinc is more reactive than copper and therefore replaces copper in the compound.

The formation of new chemical bonds during the reaction releases energy in the form of heat. This energy is transferred to the surroundings, leading to an increase in temperature. The heat released is greater than the heat absorbed, resulting in a net increase in temperature.

The exothermic nature of this reaction can be explained by the difference in bond energies between the reactants and products. The breaking of bonds in the reactants requires energy input, while the formation of new bonds in the products releases energy.

In this case, the energy released during the formation of zinc sulfate and copper metal is greater than the energy required to break the bonds in copper sulfate and zinc.

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Answer:

H

Explanation:

The answer is C.less -- freeze -- less​

In 4.38 × 10^21 molecules of water, there are approximately 0.073 moles.

To calculate the number of moles, we can use Avogadro's number, which states that 1 mole of a substance contains 6.022 × 10^23 molecules. So, by dividing the given number of molecules (4.38 × 10^21) by Avogadro's number, we can find the number of moles.

Now, let's explain the process in detail. Avogadro's number is a constant that represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in one mole of a substance. It is approximately 6.022 × 10^23. Therefore, if we divide the given number of molecules by Avogadro's number, we can determine the number of moles.

In this case, we divide 4.38 × 10^21 molecules by 6.022 × 10^23 molecules/mole, resulting in approximately 0.073 moles.

Significant figures play an important role in reporting the answer. The given number of molecules has three significant figures (4, 3, and 8), so our answer should be reported with three significant figures as well. Therefore, the number of moles is approximately 0.073.

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Answer:

0.0158503 gallons

Explanation:

Answer:

Convert a volume of 60 mL to gallons.?

Explanation:

0.0158503 gallons is what I got

Answer:

it's non-spontaneous

Explanation:

I hope it helps you

Answer:

The answer is c. ( mutualistic ).

Explanation:

The relationship between cotton plants and wasps is an example of mutualism. The cotton plants provide a food source in the form of nectar for the wasps, and in return, the wasps serve as pollinators for the cotton plants, which helps the plants reproduce. This is a mutually beneficial relationship, as both species benefit from the interaction. Therefore, the answer is (c) mutualistic.

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The force applied to the rocket by its engines remains constant as it moves up, while its mass decreases, resulting in an increase in acceleration.

Newton's laws of motion provide an explanation for the acceleration of a rocket as it moves away from the ground. According to Newton's second law, the force exerted on an object is directly proportional to its acceleration, and the force required to move an object increases as its mass increases.

In the case of a rocket, its mass decreases as it consumes fuel, which means that less force is required to move it as it climbs higher into the atmosphere.

As the rocket moves up, its acceleration increases while the force exerted on it remains constant. Newton's second law of motion explains that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it. According to the second law of motion, an object's acceleration is equal to the force exerted on it divided by its mass.

This means that as the rocket climbs higher and its mass decreases due to the consumption of fuel, less force is required to accelerate it, and so its acceleration increases. In other words, the rocket's acceleration is increasing because the force required to move it is decreasing due to the decreasing mass of the rocket.

This phenomenon is also related to Newton's third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. The force exerted by the rocket's engines is balanced by an equal and opposite force exerted on the rocket by the exhaust gases, according to this law.

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The word "symptom" refers to a specific manifestation or indication of a condition, disease, or disorder that is experienced or observed by an individual.

Symptoms are subjective or objective changes in the body's normal functioning that may be recognized as abnormal, uncomfortable, or problematic. Symptoms can manifest in various ways depending on the nature of the underlying condition. They can be physical, such as pain, rash, cough, fever, or fatigue, indicating an illness or injury affecting the body. Symptoms can also be psychological, such as anxiety, depression, or confusion, reflecting disturbances in mental health.

Symptoms serve as important clues for medical professionals to identify and diagnose diseases or disorders. They provide valuable information about the nature, severity, and progression of an illness, helping healthcare providers formulate appropriate treatment plans. Additionally, symptoms may also be important for individuals to self-assess their own health status and seek appropriate medical attention.

It is essential to note that symptoms alone may not provide a definitive diagnosis, as they can overlap across different conditions. Further evaluation, including medical tests and examinations, is often necessary to confirm a diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of action.

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Answer:

52.15 × 10²³ atoms

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of moles = 8.66 mol

Number of atoms = ?

Solution:

Avogadro number:

The given problem will solve by using Avogadro number.

It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.

The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

For example,

1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms

8.66 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ atoms / 1mol

52.15 × 10²³ atoms

Answer:

2.499 moles of sucrose

Explanation:

Divide by Avogadro's number

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the number of moles in a substance given it's number of entities we use the formula

\(n = \frac{N}{L} \\\)

where n is the number of moles

N is the number of entities

L is the Avogadro's constant which is

6.02 × 10²³ entities

From the question we have

\(n = \frac{8.72 \times {10}^{24} }{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } \\ = 14.48504...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:

Mutualism

Explanation:

Answer: The value of \(\Delta G_{rxn}\) for given equation is 119.096 kJ.

Explanation:

Given: \(\Delta H = 163.2 kJ\) (1 kJ = 1000 J) = 163200 J

\(\Delta S = -148 J/K\)

T = 298 K

Formula used to calculate \(\Delta G_{rxn}\) is as follows.

\(\Delta G_{rxn} = \Delta H - T \Delta S\)

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

\(\Delta G_{rxn} = \Delta H - T \Delta S\\= 163200 J - (298 \times -148 J/K)\\= 163200 J - 44104 J\\= 119096 J \\= 119.096 kJ\)

Thus, we can conclude that the value of \(\Delta G_{rxn}\) for given equation is 119.096 kJ.

Answer:

207

No, it is nonspontaneous at all temperatures

Explanation:

This is like 8 months later so im just putting this for people that need it still.

The molarity of the barium hydroxide solution is 0.065M.

Molarity is the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number moles of solute per litre of solution.

The molarity of a substance can be calculated using the following formula:

CaVa = CbVb

Where;

According to this question, an aqueous solution of barium hydroxide is standardized by titration with a 0.170 M solution of nitric acid. If 27.2 mL of base are required to neutralize 10.4 mL of the acid, the molarity of the barium hydroxide solution can be calculated as follows:

0.170 × 10.4 = Cb × 27.2

1.768 = 27.2Cb

Cb = 0.065M

Therefore, 0.065M is the molarity of the barium hydroxide solution.

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A cup of iron pieces.

WHY?

A cup of water is a pure substance, therefore, it would have less molecules than the cup of iron pieces.

We have a solution of ammonium sulfate and we add another solute, lead (II) acetate (Pb(C2H3O2)2), so the molarity of the solution will increase. Molarity is defined as moles of solute per volume of solution and can be described by the following equation:

In this case, the moles of solute will be the sum of the moles of both compounds. The volume will be the same, according to the statement, 150.mL or 0.150L.

So to find the final molarity of the solution we must find the moles of each compound and add them.

Moles of ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4

We use the molarity equation:

Moles of lead (II) acetate, Pb(C2H3O2)2

We use the molar mass of the compound. The molar mass of Pb(C2H3O2)2 is 325.29g/mol. So, the moles will be:

Now, we calculate the final molarity:

Answer: The final molarity of the solution is 0.611M

We can use the following equation to depict this relationship:

\(n=\dfrac{m}{M}\)

\(n=\dfrac{m}{M}\)

We're given that the mass is 56.1 g:

\(n=\dfrac{56.1}{M}\)

From a periodic table, we can deduce that the molar mass of CaCO₃ is 100.087 g/mol (taken from ChemSpider):

\(n=\dfrac{56.1}{100.087}\)

\(n=0.561\)

0.561 moles

Answer:

\(\boxed {\tt Takes \ many \ years \ to \ replenish}\)

Explanation:

A nonrenewable is a resource that cannot quickly be regenerated. A nonrenewable resource will eventually run out, and it cannot be remade for many years.

For example, fossil fuel is formed from fossils after millions of years of heat and pressure turn them into fuel. Since they take many years to create, they are a nonrenewable energy source.

2 moles of \(O_{2}\) gas and 1 mole of \(NO_{2}\) gas would be produced from 2 moles of \(HNO_{3}\) during electrolysis.

What is an electrolysis?

Electrolysis of nitric acid using graphite electrodes would result in the following reactions at the anode and cathode:

At the anode (oxidation):

\(2HNO_{3}\) + 4 e- → \(O_{2}\) + \(2NO_{2}\) + \(2H_{2}O\)

At the cathode (reduction):

\(2H^{+}\) + 2 e- → \(H_{2}\)(g)

Overall reaction:

\(2HNO_{3}\) (aq) +\(2H^{+}\)(aq) + 4 e- →  \(O_{2}\)(g) + \(2NO_{2}\)(g) + \(2H_{2}O\)(l)

This means that for every 2 moles of nitric acid, 1 mole of \(O_{2}\) gas is produced. The products of the electrolysis are  \(O_{2}\) gas, \(NO_{2}\) gas, and \(H_{2}O\).

The concentration of the nitric acid (4 mol/L) indicates that there are 4 moles of \(HNO_{3}\) in 1 liter of solution. To calculate the number of moles of  \(HNO_{3}\) in a given volume of solution, we can use the following formula:

moles of solute = concentration × volume (in liters)

For example, if we have 500 mL (0.5 L) of the 4 mol/L nitric acid solution, the number of moles of \(HNO_{3}\) present would be:

moles of \(HNO_{3}\) = 4 mol/L × 0.5 L = 2 moles

Therefore, 2 moles of \(O_{2}\) gas and 1 mole of \(NO_{2}\) gas would be produced from 2 moles of \(HNO_{3}\) during electrolysis.

It's worth noting that the oxidation of nitric acid to form nitrogen dioxide is an exothermic reaction that can produce heat, so the electrolysis may need to be performed under controlled conditions to prevent overheating. Additionally, nitrogen dioxide is a toxic gas that should be handled with care in a well-ventilated area.

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Complete question is: An aqueous solution of 4mol/L nitric acid is electrolysed in an electronic cell using graphite electrodes produced 2 moles of \(O_{2}\) gas and 1 mole of \(NO_{2}\) gas from 2 moles of \(HNO_{3}\) during electrolysis.