Using the closed-loop Ziegler-Nichols method, ADJUST the PID controller performance. If this method cannot be used, fine-tune the PID by an alternative procedure.
The input G(s) = 90s+245/ 500s^2 + 90s + 245. Design in Labview

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Had it on my quiz

Text wrapping in spreadsheets simply means the text will be on more than one (1) line within the cell.

A spreadsheet can be defined as a file (document) which comprises cells arranged in a tabulated format (rows and columns) and it is typically used for formatting, arranging, analyzing, storing, calculating and sorting data on computer systems.

In Computer science, when a text in spreadsheets is formatted through text wrapping, the text will appear on more than one (1) line within the cell.

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Answer:

Invitational Workshop

An invitational workshop is what many of us know. It’s what Lucy Calkins has made famous through the Reading and Writing Workshop. In the invitational workshop, the instructor usually hosts a minilesson. This minilesson is intended to meet the needs of the majority of children in the classroom. Afterward, the children are “invited” to employ the skills or strategy for the minilesson during workshop time, where students work independently or in small groups

Explanation:

Answer:

Here are 5 examples:

Explanation:

I hope this helps!

The power factor of the circuit is 0.7071

Power factor (PF) is the ratio of working power, measured in kilowatts (kW), to apparent power, measured in kilovolt amperes (kVA). Apparent power, also known as demand, is the measure of the amount of power used to run machinery and equipment during a certain period. It is found by multiplying (kVA = V x A). The result is expressed as kVA units.

Power factor is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle.

The phase angle is given as 45°

Therefore the power factor in the circuit is cos45° = 0.7071

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Answer:

true

Explanation:

hope this helps!

pls mark as brainliest

The minimum direct-burial depth for rigid metal conduit containing a 480-volt circuit not encased in concrete and not subject to vehicular traffic is 24 inches.

Rigid metal conduit (RMC) is a thin-walled threaded tubing that is made of galvanized steel or stainless steel. Rigid metal conduit is often used as a tubing raceway in the installation of electrical wiring in commercial and industrial buildings. RMC is one of the most durable electrical conduit materials available, as it is both rugged and corrosion resistant.

The minimum direct-burial depth for rigid metal conduit containing a 480-volt circuit not encased in concrete and not subject to vehicular traffic is 24 inches.

The purpose of direct burial is to provide protection and stability to electrical wiring and conduit while also preventing contact with people and animals.

Direct burial depths are frequently specified by electrical codes.

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Varactor diode is a special type of diode that has a variable capacitance.

The capacitance of a varactor diode changes when the reverse bias voltage is changed.

A varactor diode is used in many electronic circuits,

especially in RF and microwave circuits.

The capacitance of a varactor diode is directly proportional to the reverse bias voltage.

This means that if the bias of the previous varactor has changed to 2V with reverse bias connection,

the new capacitance of that resonance circuit will be different.

The new capacitance can be calculated using the following formula:

C = (K * ε * A) / d

Where,C is the capacitance,

K is the dielectric constant,

ε is the permittivity of the material,

A is the area of the plates,

d is the distance between the plates.

The capacitance of a varactor diode can be calculated using the above formula.

When the reverse bias voltage is increased, the capacitance of the varactor diode decreases.

When the reverse bias voltage is decreased,

the capacitance of the varactor diode increases.

In this case, the reverse bias voltage has increased to 2V,

so the capacitance of the varactor diode will decrease.

The new capacitance can be calculated using the above formula.

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Answer: Kirchhoff's voltage law

Where the above hydrology engineering flood routing conditions are given, the Muskingum coefficients for reach A-B are:

C1 = 0.606

C2 = 0.182

C3 = 0.212

To calculate the Muskingum coefficients for reach A-B, we need to use the following equations:

Q[n] = K*(P[n] + X*Q[n-1] + (K-X)Q[n-2])/(2K-X)

where Q[n] is the discharge at point B at time n, P[n] is the excess precipitation at time n, and K and X are the Muskingum coefficients.

We can first calculate the total excess precipitation over the two hours in sub-basin 2:

P_total = 0.78 + 1.12 = 1.9 inches

To convert this to a unit hydrograph, we can divide by the total volume of runoff produced by 1 inch of excess precipitation over sub-basin 2. This volume can be calculated as follows:

Volume = (1 hour)(1 acre)(1 inch)/(12 inches/foot)*(4840 square yards/acre) = 3630 cubic feet

Therefore, the unit hydrograph for sub-basin 2 is:

Time [hr] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Q (CFS) 0 36300.2 36300.67 36301 36300.73 36300.4 36300.19 3630*0.08 0

Now we can use the Muskingum method to calculate the discharge at point B. We'll assume that the excess precipitation is uniformly distributed over sub-basins 1, 2, and 3, and that the hydrograph for sub-basins 1 and 3 are triangular with a peak of 500 cfs and a base of 6 hours.

To simplify the calculations, we can first calculate the coefficients C1, C2, and C3 using the following equations:

C1 = (2K-X)/(2K+X)

C2 = (K-X)/(2K+X)

C3 = K/(2K+X)

Using K=2.3 hours and X=0.15, we get:

C1 = 0.606

C2 = 0.182

C3 = 0.212

Now we can calculate the discharge at point A for each hour of the storm:

Time [hr] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P [in] 0 0.95 0.95 0 0 0 0 0 0

Qt [cfs] 0 500/60.78/2+36300.20.95+500/61.12/2 500/60.78/2+36300.670.95+500/61.12/2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Qb [cfs] 0 0 600C1+QtC2 2000*C1+QtC2 3000C1+QtC3 2200C1+QtC2 1200C1+QtC2 700C1+QtC2 300C1+QtC2 100C1

In the second hour, the discharge at point B is given by:

Qb[2] = 600C1 + Qt[2]C2 = 6000.606 + (500/60.78/2+36300.20.95+500/6*1.12/2)*0.182 = 715.7 cfs

Therefore, the Muskingum coefficients for reach A-B are:

C1 = 0.606

C2 = 0.182

C3 = 0.212

Note that the Muskingum method is an approximation and assumes that the inflow hydrograph is continuous and has a smooth transition between time steps. In reality, the hydrograph may be more jagged

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The U.S. Federal Reserve System, often simply referred to as the Federal Reserve or the "Fed,"

The Federal Reserve or "Fed" is the government body that has the key responsibility for regulating the amount of money and credit in the economy in order to maintain stability.

In order to foster economic expansion while curbing excessive inflation, a range of techniques are employed to oversee fiscal policy.

The responsibilities of this organization consist of regulating the interest rates, overseeing the circulation of the country's currency, and providing financial aid to other banks as a final option in times of economic turmoil.

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The sample of 81 students was selected with a mean score of 90, this illustrates an example of a right tailed one sample z test.

From the information given, the teacher claims that the mean score of students in his class is greater than 82 with a standard deviation of 20. In this case, the right tailed one sample z test is used.

The z value will be:

= (90 - 82)/20/✓81

= 3.6

Since 3.6 > 1.645, the null hypothesis will be rejected as there's enough evidence to support the teacher's claim.

When an online medicine shop claims that the mean delivery time for medicines is less than 120 minutes with a standard deviation of 30 minutes, the left tailed one sample test is used.

The z value will be:

= (100 - 120)/(30/✓49)

= -4.66

The null hypothesis is rejected as there is enough evidence to support the claim of the medicine shop.

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If a 3-ø, y-connected system has a line-to-line voltage of 1176sin(377t) V, then the line-to-neutral voltage (rms) would be 679 V.

The following is how to solve the problem:

When determining the line-to-neutral voltage of a Y-connected system, you may use the following equation.

V_line-to-neutral = V_line-to-line/sqrt(3)

V_line-to-line = 1176sin(377t)

V_line-to-neutral = 1176sin(377t)/sqrt(3)

RMS = (Vmax)/√2

⇒ Vmax = (RMS)(√2)V_rms

= V_max / √2

The above formulae are used to calculate V_line-to-neutral.

1176sin(377t)/sqrt(3) is equal to 679 V.

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For stream function (a) ψ = xy, the velocity vector magnitude is 1.41 m/s and the angle with the x-axis is 45 degrees. There are no stagnation points in the flowfield.

For stream function (b) ψ = -2x2 + y, the velocity vector magnitude is 4 m/s and the angle with the x-axis is approximately 18.4 degrees. There is a stagnation point at x = 0, y = 0. The plot for both cases shows the streamlines passing through the point (1,2) over the range x = -2 m to x = +4 m, with the streamline for Case a labeled "Case a" and the streamline for Case b labeled "Case b".

(a) For ψ = xy, the velocity components can be found using the partial derivatives:

u = ∂ψ/∂y = x

v = -∂ψ/∂x = -y

At (1,2), u = 1 and v = -2, so the magnitude of the velocity vector is sqrt(u^2 + v^2) = sqrt(5) m/s, and the angle it makes with the x-axis is arctan(v/u) = -63.43 degrees (or 296.57 degrees in the counterclockwise direction from the positive x-axis).

To plot the streamline passing through (1,2), we can use the equation of the streamline:

dy/dx = v/u = -y/x

Separating variables and integrating, we get:

ln|y| = -ln|x| + C

where C is the constant of integration. Plugging in (x,y) = (1,2) and solving for C, we get C = ln(2) + ln(1) = ln(2). Thus, the equation of the streamline passing through (1,2) is:

ln|y| = -ln|x| + ln(2)

which simplifies to:

y = 2/x

We can plot this using a spreadsheet program or any graphing calculator. The plot should show the streamline passing through (1,2) over the range x = -2 m to x = +4 m.

(b) For ψ = -2x^2 + y, the velocity components are:

u = ∂ψ/∂y = 1

v = -∂ψ/∂x = 4x

At (1,2), u = 1 and v = 4, so the magnitude of the velocity vector is sqrt(u^2 + v^2) = √(17) m/s, and the angle it makes with the x-axis is arctan(v/u) = 75.96 degrees (or 255.96 degrees in the counterclockwise direction from the positive x-axis).

To plot the streamline passing through (1,2), we can again use the equation of the streamline:

dy/dx = v/u = 4x

Integrating with respect to x, we get:

y = 2 + x^2

We can plot this along with the previous streamline on the same graph over the range x = -2 m to x = +4 m, labeling each streamline accordingly.

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Answer:

Hence the given statement is false.

Explanation:

For low-speed subsonic wind tunnels, the air density remains nearly constant decreasing the cross-section area cause the flow to extend velocity, and reduce pressure. Similarly increasing the world cause to decrease and therefore the pressure to extend.

The speed within the test section is decided by the planning of the tunnel.  

Thus by adjusting the pressure difference won't change the worth of test section velocity.

Answer:

The given statement is false .

Answer:

up up down down

Explanation:

left right left right b a select start

Answer:

Top Final year projects for civil engineering students

• Geographic Information System using Q-GIS. ...

• Structural and Foundation Analysis. ...

• Construction Project Management & Building Information Modeling. ...

• Tall Building Design. ...

• Seismic Design using SAP2000 & ETABS.

Explanation:

Hope it's help

A limit switch is a device that limits the angle of the boom at its highest position.

The limit switch will automatically shut down the machinery if the boom is rotated too far, helping to prevent potential damage. When the limit switch is reached, a mechanical or electrical signal is sent to the control unit of the crane, and the machine will shut off. The angle of the boom can be set manually or with a remote control, and the limit switch ensures that the boom does not go past its set angle. By limiting the boom's angle, the limit switch helps to protect the machinery and personnel operating the crane.

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Answer:

Rate of Heat Loss = 336 W

Explanation:

First, we will find the surface area of the cylinder that is modelled as the man:

\(Area = A = (2\pi r)(l)\)

where,

r = radius of cylinder = 30 cm/2 = 15 cm = 0.15 m

l = length of cylinder = 170 cm = 1.7 m

Therefore,

\(A = 2\pi(0.15\ m)(1.7\ m)\\A = 1.6\ m^2\)

Now, we will calculate the rate of heat loss:

\(Rate\ of\ Heat\ Loss = hA\Delta T\)

where,

h = convective heat tranfer  coefficient = 15 W/m²K

ΔT = Temperature difference = 34°C - 20°C = 14°C

Therefore,

\(Rate\ of\ Heat\ Loss = (15\ W/m^2K)(1.6\ m^2)(14\ K)\\\)

Rate of Heat Loss = 336 W

It checks the type of the first element in `x` to determine if it's a single list or nested lists, and performs the calculations accordingly. The results are returned in a dictionary format.

Here's a version of the code that accomplishes the task in a single line:

import numpy as np

statistics = lambda x: {'mean': round(np.mean(x), 2) if isinstance(x[0], int) else [round(np.mean(i), 2) for i in x],

                      'std': round(np.std(x), 2) if isinstance(x[0], int) else [round(np.std(i), 2) for i in x],

                      'min': np.min(x).tolist() if isinstance(x[0], int) else [np.min(i).tolist() for i in x],

                      'median': round(np.median(x), 2) if isinstance(x[0], int) else [round(np.median(i), 2) for i in x],

                      'max': np.max(x).tolist() if isinstance(x[0], int) else [np.max(i).tolist() for i in x]}

This lambda function takes a list or nested lists as input (`x`) and calculates the mean, standard deviation, minimum, median, and maximum values.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

Principles of plasma arc cutting, Uses a constricting nozzle to create, concentrate,  and direct the high-velocity plasma. Plasma gas is always used

in plasma arc cutting When shielding gas is also used, the process is called dual flow plasma arc cutting. I hope this helps.

A) Factor substitution: replacing factors of production for desired outcomes, like building taller or expanding horizontally in limited urban land.

B) Cheaper per floor: no height limit incentive, leading to excessively tall structures and inefficient resource allocation.

A) Factor substitution refers to the decision-making process where factors of production, such as land and capital, are substituted for one another to achieve a desired outcome. In the context of building heights, it relates to the trade-off between constructing taller buildings (building up) versus expanding horizontally (building out).

One reason office buildings tend to "build up" is the limited availability of land in urban areas. Cities often have limited space for new construction, leading to higher land costs. By constructing taller buildings, developers can maximize the utilization of limited land resources and accommodate more office space within a smaller footprint.

Another reason is the benefit of proximity. In urban environments, being close to other businesses, amenities, transportation, and potential clients is advantageous. Building up allows office buildings to take advantage of centralized locations and create a concentration of economic activity. This proximity can lead to increased collaboration, networking opportunities, and accessibility, which are beneficial for businesses.

B) If the assumption that building a taller building increases the cost per square foot were not valid and instead "building up" became cheaper per floor with each floor constructed, a strange result would be observed. In such a scenario, there would be no economic incentive to limit the height of buildings. Developers would have a strong incentive to keep building higher and higher, as each additional floor would cost less per square foot compared to the previous ones.

This could lead to extremely tall buildings with a large number of floors, possibly surpassing the practical and engineering limits. The skyline of cities would be dominated by excessively tall structures, even if there was no corresponding increase in demand or economic justification. The lack of increasing costs per floor would disrupt the typical cost-benefit trade-off associated with building heights and result in an inefficient allocation of resources.

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Answer:

probably b but not sure

Explanation:

The longitudinal modulus of elasticity of this material if the respective volume fractions of the aramid and glass fibers are 0.24 and 0.28, given the following data is 32.6 GPa.

Elasticity is defined as after the forces producing the deformation are eliminated, a material body that has been distorted has the ability to revert to its original size and shape. Metals' atomic lattices undergo size and form changes when forces are applied. When forces are removed, the lattice returns to its initial, lower energy condition. Rubbers and other polymers are elastic because stretching of polymer chains occurs when forces are applied.

Longitudinal modulus are defined as the proportion of a material's length change caused by applied force to its initial length. Young's modulus is a measurement of a material's capacity to endure changes in length when subjected to compression or tension along its length.

Thus, the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of this material if the respective volume fractions of the aramid and glass fibers are 0.24 and 0.28, given the following data is 32.6 GPa.  

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The induced voltage in the given lap wound armature is 921.6 volts.

In order to calculate the induced voltage in a lap wound armature, we can use the formula:

E = (2 * N * Z * P * φ * RPM) / 60 * 10^8

Number of parallel paths (N) = 2

Total number of armature conductors (Z) = 144 slots * 2 coil sides per slot = 288 conductors

Number of poles (P) = 4

Flux per pole (φ) = 20 mWb = 20 * 10⁻³ Wb

Armature rotation speed (RPM) = 750

Let's substitute the given values into the formula:

E = (2 * 2 * 288 * 4 * 20 * 10⁻³ * 750) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = (4 * 288 * 4 * 20 * 10⁻³ * 750) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = (46080 * 4 * 20 * 10⁻³ * 750) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = (46080 * 4 * 20 * 750) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = (36864000 * 20 * 750) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = (36864000 * 15000) / (60 * 10⁸)

E = 552960000000 / 600000000

E = 921.6 V

Therefore, the induced voltage in the given lap wound armature is 921.6 volts.

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The should be no concerns about the space immediately below the tanks because there will be no damage to anything if any peril causes the tank to falls.

Potential hazards refers to the active source for potential damage on a building, structure etc

It is important we know that the storage tanks are placed on a platform next to the building at the second-floor level but nothing beneath the tanks stands.

Hence, there should be no concerns about the space immediately below the tanks because there will be no damage to anything if any peril causes the tank to falls.

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Answer:

or is the strongest evenger she hulk

Explanation:

?????????

Answer:

Thor!

Explanation:

In Thor: Ragnarok he beat the Hulk in order for Hulk to win thor had to be electrocuted and in Avengers: Endgame Thor is seen holding open the  "Floodgates" and withstanding the radiation from a dying star, also the fact that Thor is a god means that he is all powerful and the rightful heir to the throne to Asgard, plus the fact that he has defeated Loki multiple times a feat that not even the Hulk has done.

Given :

Two children are playing on a seesaw. The child on the left weighs 50 lbs. And the child on the right weighs 100 lbs.

To Find :

If the child on the left is 3 feet from the pivot, how far must the child on the right be from the pivot from the seesaw to be balanced.

Solution :

We know, for seesaw to balance :

\(m_1gd_1=m_2gd_2\)

Here, \(d_1\ and \ d_2\) is distance from origin from pivot point.

Putting all the values in the equation, we get :

\(50\times g\times 3=100\times g\times d_2\\\\d_2=1.5\ feet\)

Therefore, distance of right child from pivot to balance the seesaw is 1.5 feet.

Hence, this is the required solution.

The two specialized civil engineers Rafe is LIKELY working with are B. a construction engineer and an urban engineer

Based on the context of Rafe working on a light rail system, the other two specialized civil engineers he is likely working with would be:

A construction engineer: This engineer would be responsible for overseeing the construction activities related to the light rail system, ensuring that the design plans are implemented correctly and managing the construction process.

An urban engineer: This engineer specializes in urban planning and design, focusing on the development and integration of transportation systems within urban environments. They would work closely with Rafe to ensure that the light rail system aligns with the city's overall urban planning goals and effectively integrates with existing infrastructure.

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Answer:

From the calculation, we can see that the invention's COP of 2.67 does not exceed the maximum theoretical COP of 14.65. Hence his claim is valid and could be possible.

Explanation:

Heat generated Q = 200 kW

power input W = 75 kW

Temperature of heated region \(T_{h}\) = 293 K

Temperature of heat source \(T_{c}\) = 273 K

For this engine,

coefficient of performance COP = Q/W  = 200/75 = 2.67

The maximum theoretical COP obtainable for a heat pump is given as

COP = \(\frac{T_{h} }{T_{h} - T_{c} }\) =  \(\frac{293 }{293 - 273 }\) = 14.65

From the calculation, we can see that the invention's COP of 2.67 does not exceed the maximum theoretical COP of 14.65. Hence his claim is valid and could be possible.

a. the upper 3-dB frequency (f) of the discrete MOSFET common-source amplifier is approximately 808.65 MHz. b. the midband gain (AM) of the discrete MOSFET common-source amplifier is approximately -3.88.

(a) To find the overall midband gain (AM) of the discrete MOSFET common-source amplifier, we can use the following formula:

AM = -gm * (R || r) * (Rd || RL)

where gm is the transconductance of the MOSFET, R is the resistance connected to the drain, r is the output resistance of the MOSFET, Rd is the internal resistance of the voltage source, and RL is the load resistance.

Given:

gm = 4 mA/V

R = 2 MΩ

r = 100 kΩ

Rd = 500 kΩ

RL = 10 kΩ

We can calculate the parallel combination of resistances (R || r) as follows:

(R || r) = (R * r) / (R + r)

Substituting the given values:

(R || r) = (2 MΩ * 100 kΩ) / (2 MΩ + 100 kΩ) = 98.039 kΩ

Next, we calculate the parallel combination of resistances (Rd || RL) as follows:

(Rd || RL) = (Rd * RL) / (Rd + RL)

Substituting the given values:

(Rd || RL) = (500 kΩ * 10 kΩ) / (500 kΩ + 10 kΩ) = 9.901 kΩ

Now, we can calculate the overall midband gain:

AM = -gm * (R || r) * (Rd || RL)

  = -4 mA/V * 98.039 kΩ * 9.901 kΩ

  ≈ -3.88

Therefore, the overall midband gain (AM) of the discrete MOSFET common-source amplifier is approximately -3.88.

(b) The upper 3-dB frequency (f) can be calculated using the formula:

f = 1 / (2π * (R || r) * C)

where (R || r) is the parallel combination of resistances and C is the capacitance.

Given:

(R || r) = 98.039 kΩ

C = 2 pF

Substituting the given values:

f = 1 / (2π * 98.039 kΩ * 2 pF)

  ≈ 808.65 MHz

Therefore, the upper 3-dB frequency (f) of the discrete MOSFET common-source amplifier is approximately 808.65 MHz.

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Answer:

The correct answer is "1341.288 W/m".

Explanation:

Given that:

T₁ = 300 K

T₂ = 500 K

Diameter,

d = 0.2 m

Length,

l = 1 m

As we know,

The shape factor will be:

⇒ \(SF=\frac{2 \pi l}{ln[\frac{1.08 b }{d} ]}\)

By putting the value, we get

⇒       \(=\frac{2 \pi l}{ln[\frac{1.08\times 1}{0.2} ]}\)

⇒       \(=3.7258 \ l\)

hence,

The heat loss will be:

⇒ \(Q=SF\times K(T_2-T_1)\)

       \(=3.7258\times 1\times 1.8\times (500-300)\)

       \(=3.7258\times 1.8\times (200)\)

       \(=1341.288 \ W/m\)