Vhon Anadome
Atomic nucleus questions
Which of the following decay processes results in the largest change in mass of a nucleus?
Choose 1 answer:
А
Beta decay
Gamma decay
Neutron emission
D
Alpha decay

Answer:

F = 130 N

Explanation:

We use the formula F = ma  

∴ F is force, m is mass and a is acceleration

F = ?

m = 65 kg

a = 2 m/\(s^{2}\)

Substituting the values in the equation:

F = 65 x 2

F = 130 N

Answer:

3.57 M

Explanation:

The reaction that takes place is:

First we calculate how many NaOH moles reacted, using the given concentration and volume:

Then we convert NaOH moles into H₂SO₄ moles, using the stoichiometric coefficients:

Finally we calculate the concentration of H₂SO₄:

A pollutant decays with a first order rate constant of 0.726 min⁻¹ . The half life of the pollutant will be 0.95 minutes.

Half -life of a chemical reaction is defined as , " the time taken for the concentration of a given reactant to reach half or 50% of its initial concentration" .

Half life of a first order reaction is given as

t(1/2) = 0.693/ K

where K is the rate constant.

given,

here, rate constant is k= 0.726 min⁻¹

therefore, half life of the pollutant:

t(1/2) = 0.693/ 0.726 min⁻¹

t(1/2) =0.95 min

Thus, the half-life of the pollutant is 0.95 minutes

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Gelatin is a gel colloid.

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The equilibrium constant for this reaction at 100°C is 5.01 x 10^8. This value indicates that the reaction strongly favors the products at equilibrium.

The equilibrium constant for a reaction can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔG° = -RTlnK

here ΔG° is the standard free energy change, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and K is the equilibrium constant.

In this case, we know that ΔG° = -41.8 kJ and the temperature is 100°C, which is 373 K.

First, we need to convert ΔG° from kJ to J:

ΔG° = -41.8 kJ * 1000 J/kJ = -41,800 J

Next, we can plug in the values we know into the equation and solve for K:

-41,800 J = -8.314 J/mol*K * 373 K * lnK

lnK = 20.036

K = e^20.036

K = 5.01 x 10^8

Therefore, the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 100°C is 5.01 x 10^8. This value indicates that the reaction strongly favors the products at equilibrium.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

Amps measure the flow of Electrons

Answer:

C

Explanation:

is c

The change in Gibbs free energy is -219.4 kJ/mol that can be calculated by using the given entites.

The preferred Gibbs free energy of formation (Gf°) of a compound is the extrade of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of one mole of a substance in its preferred country from its constituent factors of their preferred states (the maximum solid shape of the detail at 1 bar of strain and the required temperature. The preferred loose electricity of formation of a substance is described because the loose-electricity extrade which ends whilst 1 mol of substance is ready from its factors at the usual strain of one atm and a given temperature, commonly 298 K. It is given the symbol ΔGf°.

Delta G= delta G products - delta G reactants

=[2 mol * delta G_f, AgCl(s)]-[(2 mol* delta G_f, Ag(s))+(1 mol *delta G_f, Cl2(g))]

=2 mol* -109.70 kJ/mol - [2 mol * 0 kJ/mol + 1 mol * 0 kJ/mol]

=-219.4 kJ

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8. The volume of CO₂ produced when 2.50 mol of HCl and excess sodium carbonate react at STP (0°C, 1 atm) is 56.0 L.

9. The volume of CO₂ produced when 2.50 mol of HCl and excess sodium carbonate react at a temperature of 100.0 °C and pressure of 2.00 atm is 28.0 L.

10. The volume of a 1.021 M HCl solution required to produce 2.583 moles of NaCl is 2.53 L.

11. The volume of a 6.00 M HCl solution needed to completely react with 2.591 g of Na₂CO₃ is 0.100 L.


For questions 8 and 9, use the balanced chemical equation: 2HCl + Na₂CO₃ → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂. Since 2.50 moles of HCl are used, 1.25 moles of CO₂ will be produced. Use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of CO₂ at STP and at 100.0 °C, 2.00 atm.

For question 10, use the equation: volume = moles/concentration, which gives 2.583 moles/1.021 M = 2.53 L.

For question 11, first convert the mass of Na₂CO₃ to moles: 2.591 g / 105.99 g/mol = 0.0244 mol. Use the stoichiometry of the reaction: 2 moles of HCl per mole of Na₂CO₃. Then, calculate the volume using the concentration: (0.0244 mol × 2) / 6.00 M = 0.100 L.

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The percentage abundance of 235U is 0.720%, and the percentage abundance of 238U is 99.274%, given that the percentage abundance of 234U is 0.006%. These values can be calculated by subtracting the percentage abundance of 234U from 100.

Uranium is important in nuclear energy because it is a naturally occurring radioactive element that can undergo nuclear fission, which releases a significant amount of energy. Nuclear power facilities can use this energy to produce electricity.

Uranium mining can pose a variety of environmental and health risks. The mining process can generate large amounts of waste rock and tailings that can contaminate soil and water with radioactive materials. Exposure to these materials can increase the risk of cancer and other health problems.

Additionally, the transport and storage of uranium can pose a risk of accidental release, which can have significant environmental and health impacts.

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Answer:

To solve this problem, we can use the equation for radioactive decay:

N(t) = N₀ *\((1/2)^{(t / t_{{1}/{2}} )}\)

where:

N(t) is the remaining amount of the substance at time t,

N₀ is the initial amount of the substance,

t is the time that has elapsed,

t₁/₂ is the half-life of the substance.

Let's plug in the given values:

N₀ = 6.00 mg

N(t) = 3.80 mg

t₁/₂ = 2.23 minutes

We can rearrange the equation to solve for t:

t = t₁/₂ * log₂(N₀ / N(t))

Substituting the values:

t = 2.23 min * log₂(6.00 mg / 3.80 mg)

Calculating the logarithm and rounding to 2 significant digits:

t ≈ 2.23 min * log₂(1.5789) ≈ 2.23 min * 0.644 ≈ 1.44 min

Therefore, it would take approximately 1.44 minutes for the sample to decay from 6.00 mg to 3.80 mg.

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Answer:

kinetic energy possessed by Ceres = 4.806 × 10^(29) J

Explanation:

We are given;

Estimated mass; m = 3 × 10^(21) kg

Orbital speed; v = 17900 m/s

Formula for kinetic energy is;

K.E = ½mv²

K.E = ½ × 3 × 10^(21) × 17900²

K.E = 4.806 × 10^(29) J

Thus;

kinetic energy possessed by Ceres = 4.806 × 10^(29) J

The order of decreasing atomic radii (largest to smallest) for the given elements is Li, B, N, He.

The positions of these elements in the periodic table.
   Li (lithium) is in Group 1 and Period 2.
  B (boron) is in Group 13 and Period 2.
  N (nitrogen) is in Group 15 and Period 2.
   He (helium) is in Group 18 and Period 1.

the general trends in atomic radii across the periodic table.
   Atomic radius generally decreases across a period from left to right due to an increase in effective nuclear charge.
  Atomic radius generally increases down a group due to an increase in the number of electron shells.

these trends to the elements in question.
  Within Period 2, Li has the largest atomic radius, followed by B and then N.
  He is in Period 1, which is above Period 2, so its atomic radius is smaller than the others.

Arrange the elements in order of decreasing atomic radii.
   Li, B, N, He

So, the elements B, N, Li, and He in order of decreasing atomic radii (largest to smallest) are: Li, B, N, He.

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Answer:

What is the valency of elements in the group 'v' of the modern periodic table?

Answer: -3

What is the reasons for the fact that reactivity of group 'v' elements decrease as we go down in the group? ​

Answer: On moving down the group, there is a decrease in the electron affinity of elements. It is because, as the size of an atom increases, the valence electrons get further away from its nucleus. Thus, the attraction between them decreases.

a and e are heterogeneous (door and salsa), b, c, and d are homogeneous (air, black coffee, and pure water), and f cannot be classified as it pertains to a person rather than a substance or mixture. Option A and E

a. A door: Heterogeneous. A door is typically made up of various materials such as wood, metal, glass, etc. These materials have different properties and can be easily distinguished, making the door a heterogeneous object.

b. The air you breathe: Homogeneous. Air is a mixture of gases, primarily nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. On a macroscopic scale, air appears uniform and consistent throughout, making it a homogeneous mixture.

c. A cup of coffee (black): Homogeneous. A cup of black coffee consists of water and coffee solutes that are evenly distributed throughout the liquid. It appears uniform and consistent, indicating a homogeneous mixture.

d. The water you drink: Homogeneous. Pure water, without any dissolved substances or impurities, is a homogeneous substance. It is composed of H2O molecules that are uniformly distributed throughout the liquid.

e. Salsa: Heterogeneous. Salsa is a mixture of various ingredients such as tomatoes, onions, peppers, and spices. These ingredients have different textures, colors, and sizes. The different components can be visually distinguished, making salsa a heterogeneous mixture.

f. Your lab partner: Heterogeneous. A lab partner refers to a person, and individuals are not considered homogeneous or heterogeneous in the same sense as substances or mixtures. They are complex beings with different physical characteristics, thoughts, and behaviors. Thus, categorizing a lab partner as homogeneous or heterogeneous is not applicable in this context. Option A and E

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Oxygen almost always has an oxidation number of -2, except in peroxides (H 2 O 2) where it is -1 and in compounds with fluorine (OF 2) where it is +2. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 when combined with non-metals, but it has an oxidation number of -1 when combined with metals.

The necessary voltage to power the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride is 4V.

Electrolysis is the breakdown of a compound into the elements it is formed from by passing electricity through it. It is actually a chemical reaction in which one element loses electrons and the other may gain electrons. The process of electrolysis has wide applications in electroplating, metallurgical processes, production of chlorine gas, etc.

Molten sodium chloride is generally used in the production of chlorine gas and sodium metal. This molten or aqueous form of sodium chloride is also known as brine. The process is carried out in a cell called the Down's cell.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\\)

From the question

mass = 500 g

volume = 67 mL

We have

\(density = \frac{500}{67} \\ = 7.462686\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:

Cobalt

Explanation:

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number.

Atomic number of an element is used by chemists to determine the element. The periodic table for example is based on the atomic number of elements.

Since both given elements have a proton number of 27, they are both the same element.

We simply check the periodic table for the element whose atomic number corresponds to this.

  The element here is Cobalt.

What differs between the two of them is that they are different isotopes.

Freeze-Thaw Weathering

This action can widen the cracks in the rock, and when the temperature rises above freezing, the ice thaws, allowing the water to seep further into the cracks. As this process of freezing and thawing happens repeatedly, the rock begins to weaken and eventually breaks apart into angular fragments.

Answer:

Physical weathering is caused by the effects of changing temperature on rocks, causing the rock to break apart. The process is sometimes assisted by water. ... Freeze-thaw occurs when water continually seeps into cracks, freezes and expands, eventually breaking the rock apart.

Explanation:

hope this helps

One of the chemical properties of sulfur is its ability to react with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide (SO2).

sulfur is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is a yellow, brittle solid that is found in abundance in nature. Sulfur has several chemical properties that distinguish it from other elements.

One of the chemical properties of sulfur is its ability to react with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide (SO2). This reaction is known as combustion and is a characteristic property of sulfur. When sulfur reacts with oxygen, it undergoes a chemical change and produces sulfur dioxide gas.

Sulfur also reacts with many metals to form sulfides, which are compounds that contain sulfur. This reaction is known as the formation of sulfides. For example, when sulfur reacts with iron, it forms iron sulfide (FeS).

Additionally, sulfur can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions, where it can gain or lose electrons to form different compounds. This property allows sulfur to participate in various chemical reactions and form a wide range of compounds.

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Answer:

beryllium atom

Explanation:

An atom with two protons is always a helium atom. If scientists count four protons in an atom, they know it's a beryllium atom.

Eicosanoids are a subclass of oxylipins, which are oxidized fatty acids with a variety of carbon unit lengths. They differ from many other oxylipins by having a disproportionately large role as cells signaling molecules.

The lipid-based signaling molecules known as eicosanoids have a special function in innate immune responses. The many eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, enable the immune cell cells to react to bacterial intruders quickly.

The hormones (PG), thrombin (TX), thromboxanes (LT), and lipoxins are eicosanoids (LX). These substances can be categorized as autocrine/paracrine hormones because they virtually invariably affect the cells that make them or nearby cells, i.e., over small distances and times.

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Answer:

i dont know that my friend

Explanation:

The equation that depicts a single replacement reaction would be: Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq)→ ZnCl2​​​(aq) ​​​​+ H2(g)

They are also known as single displacement reactions.

They are reactions in which one element takes the place of another in a compound. That is, one element replaces another in a compound.

Looking at all the reactions from A - D, one can see that the only reaction that exemplifies a single replacement reaction is D.

Here, Zn replaced H in HCl.

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Answer: Milligrams ,grams ,kilograms ,quintals, tons

Explanation: Hope this helps

The Mark-Houwink equation is used to describe the relationship between the intrinsic viscosity of a polymer and its molecular weight.

The alpha value in the Mark-Houwink equation is a constant that represents the degree of polymer-solvent interaction. A higher alpha value indicates a stronger interaction between the polymer and the solvent, while a lower alpha value indicates a weaker interaction.

In this case, the alpha value for a polymer in water is 0.75 at room temperature and 0.4 at 75°C.

This means that at room temperature, the polymer has a strong interaction with water, which leads to a high intrinsic viscosity. As the temperature increases to 75°C, the polymer-solvent interaction weakens, resulting in a lower intrinsic viscosity.

This change in alpha value with temperature can be used to study the thermal behavior of the polymer-solvent system and can provide information on the conformation and molecular weight distribution of the polymer.

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The formula for the limiting reagent is Fe, and the maximum amount of iron(II) oxide that can be produced is 0.135 moles.

To determine the limiting reagent and the maximum amount of iron(II) oxide that can be produced, we need to compare the moles of each reactant and their stoichiometric ratios in the balanced equation.

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

4Fe(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2Fe₂O₃(s)

From the balanced equation, we can see that the stoichiometric ratio between iron and oxygen is 4:3. This means that 4 moles of iron react with 3 moles of oxygen to produce 2 moles of iron(II) oxide.

Moles of iron(II) oxide = min (0.270 moles of Fe, (0.579 moles of O₂) × (2 moles of Fe₂O₃ / 3 moles of O₂))

To determine the limiting reagent, we compare the moles of iron and oxygen and choose the reactant that produces the lesser moles of iron(II) oxide. In this case, we have:

Moles of iron(II) oxide produced from 0.270 moles of Fe = 0.270 moles × (2 moles of Fe₂O₃ / 4 moles of Fe) = 0.135 moles

Moles of iron(II) oxide produced from 0.579 moles of O₂ = 0.579 moles × (2 moles of Fe₂O₃ / 3 moles of O₂) = 0.386 moles

Since 0.135 moles of iron(II) oxide is less than 0.386 moles, the limiting reagent is iron.

Therefore, the formula for the limiting reagent is Fe, and the maximum amount of iron(II) oxide that can be produced is 0.135 moles.

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The final molar amount of gas present in the container is approximately 2.98 moles.

The initial conditions of the gas are:

n1 = 1.79 moles of nitrogen gas

V1 = 3.0 L

P = constant

The final conditions of the gas are:

V2 = 5.0 L

n2 = ?

Since pressure is constant, we can use the combined gas law to find the final amount of gas:

(P1V1)/n1 = (P2V2)/n2

Plugging in the values we know:

(P1)(3.0 L)/(1.79 mol) = (P2)(5.0 L)/n2

Solving for n2:

n2 = (P2)(5.0 L)/(P1)(3.0 L/1.79 mol)

Since the pressure is constant, we can cancel it out:

n2 = (5.0 L)/(3.0 L/1.79 mol)

n2 = 2.98 mol

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Full Question: 1.79 moles of nitrogen gas are contained in a 3.0 L container. if pressure is kept constant, what is the final molar amount of gas present in the container if gas is added until the volume has increased to 5.0L?