what are concave mirrors used in

According to Newton's Third Law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In the case of a bird flapping its wings, the bird is exerting a force on the air with its wings (action), and in return, the air is exerting an equal and opposite force on the bird (reaction).

This force from the air propels the bird forward through the air, allowing it to achieve level flight. The flapping motion of the wings also creates lift, which helps to keep the bird airborne. The angle of the wings and the direction of the flapping motion also contribute to the bird's ability to control its flight path and speed. I

n summary, a bird flapping its wings in a level flight flies forward because of the reaction force from the air created by the bird's wing movement, as well as the lift generated by the wings.

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Answer:

When farm animals eat the grass on land until there is almost no ground cover, it is called overgrazing

Answer:

Its called over grazing

Explanation:

If the elliptical orbit of mercury were more eccentric, its precession rate would be larger than it is now.

Here's why mercury's orbit is most eccentric, Orbits of most planets are eccentric. Earth's orbit is slightly eccentric compared to mercury, because mercury is the closest planet to the sun, and not earth.

Why is Mercury orbit elliptical?

Orbits are caused by the planet's interactions with the sun as it moves around by the gravity of the sun.

What is the precession of Mercury?

The precession of Mercury's orbit is measured to be 5600 seconds of arc per century (one second of arc = 1/3600 degrees).

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The peak value of the magnetic field of the wave is 1.67 × 10^-5 T. The average intensity of the wave is the average power per unit area that is transported by the wave.

The peak value of the magnetic field, b0, of an electromagnetic wave can be determined using the equation b0 = √(2μ0ε0Iav), where μ0 is the permeability of free space, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, and Iav is the average intensity of the wave. Substituting the given values, we get b0 = √(2 × 4π × 10^-7 × 8.85 × 10^-12 × 1) = 1.67 × 10^-5 T.

Therefore, the peak value of the magnetic field of the wave is 1.67 × 10^-5 T.

It is related to the electric and magnetic fields of the wave by the equations Iav = 1/2ε0cE0^2 and Iav = c/2μ0b0^2, where c is the speed of light in vacuum. By equating these two equations and solving for b0, we obtain the equation b0 = √(2μ0ε0Iav). This equation relates the peak value of the magnetic field of the wave to its average intensity.

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To find out how many kg of the mineral are in M kg of rock, the geologist should: Multiply M X 0.13.

The geologist knows that there are 0.13 kg of the mineral in each kg of rock. To find out how many kg of the mineral are in M kg of rock, the geologist needs to multiply the weight of the rock by the proportion of the mineral to rock. This can be expressed as:

kg of mineral = M kg of rock x 0.13 kg of mineral per kg of rock

Simplifying this equation, we get:

kg of mineral = 0.13M

Therefore, multiplying M by 0.13 would give the geologist the amount of mineral in M kg of rock.

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Answer:

2,800 n

Explanation:

hope this helps, have a nice day/night! :D

The force of 2812.5 N is being exerted by the chain.

An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It has a direction and a magnitude. The application of force is the location at which force is applied, and the direction in which the force is applied is known as the direction of the force.

Given that:

Mass of the  hunk of anorthosite moon rock : m = 500.0 kg.

Acceleration of the hunk: a = 4.0 m/s².

Acceleration due to gravity in moon = 1.625 m/s².

So, required force = 500.0(4.0 +1.625) n = 2812.5 N.

The force of 2812.5 N is being exerted by the chain.

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The weight of the original mass on the spring was approximately 6.75 Newtons (N). The period of oscillation of a spring/mass system is determined by the mass and the spring constant.

Let's assume the original mass on the spring is represented by M and the corresponding weight is W.

Given that the original period is 5 seconds and the modified period is 3 seconds, we can set up the following equation using the formula for the period of an oscillating spring/mass system:

T = \(2\pi \sqrt{M/k}\), Where T is the period, M is the mass, and k is the spring constant.

For the original system with a period of 5 seconds, we have:

5 = \(2\pi \sqrt{M/k}\) ...(1)

When 12 N are removed from the spring, the modified system has a period of 3 seconds. This implies that the spring constant has changed, but the mass remains the same. Let's assume the new spring constant is k'.

3 = \(2\pi \sqrt{M/k'}\) ...(2)

Dividing equation (1) by equation (2), we can eliminate the mass M:

5/3 = \(\sqrt{k'/k}\)

Squaring both sides of the equation gives:

25/9 = k'/k.

Rearranging the equation gives:

k' = (25/9)k.

Since the spring constant is directly proportional to the weight of the mass, we can conclude that the weight of the original mass W is also reduced by a factor of (25/9).

Let's assume the weight of the original mass on the spring is W0. Thus, the weight of the modified mass is (W0 - 12 N).

Using the proportionality, we have: (W0 - 12 N) = (25/9)W0.

Simplifying the equation, we find: (9/9)W0 - (12 N) = (25/9)W0, (-16/9)W0 = 12 N.

Multiplying both sides by (-9/16) gives: W0 = (-9/16)(12 N), W0 = -6.75 N

Therefore, the weight of the original mass on the spring was approximately 6.75 Newtons (N).

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In order to be a vector quantity, the quantity needs to have a direction, besides its magnitude.

For example, temperature has no direction, only magnitude, but velocity has direction and magnitude.

From these options, the only one that is a vector quantity is displacement, therefore the correct option is A.

Explanation:

Water does expand with heat (and contract with cooling), but the amount of expansion is pretty small. So when you boil a can filled with water and seal it, the water will contract slightly as it cools. The can may kink slightly, but that will be it. Actually, most likely the only things you will be able to see is then top and bottom will be sucked in and go concave. Just like a commercial can of beans.

Now if you have a can with a little water and a big air space, things are completely different.

As the water boils, water vapour is given off. Steam. Let it boils for a minute just to make sure (nearly) all the air is expelled and the can is filled with steam.

Now when you put the lid on and cool the can, that steam condenses back to water, and goes from filling the can to a few drops of water. The can is now filled (if that is the right word) with a near vacuum, The air pressure, 15 lbs/square inch, will be pressing on every surface of the can, with nothing inside the can to resist it.

The can will crumple before your eyes.

1. Heat = 3 kg x 900 J/kg°C x (95°C - 40°C) = 27000 J.

2. Change in Temperature = 780 J / (4.1 kg x 385 J/kg°C) = 2.02°C.

3. Specific Heat Capacity = 15686 J / (1.1 kg x (47°C - 16°C)) = 1479.2 J/kg°C.

4. Heat = 0.778 kg x 4186 J/kg°C x (94°C - 26°C) = 200508 J.

5. Sample 3 has the highest specific heat capacity because it has the    greatest temperature change for the same amount of heat applied.

Energy is the ability to do work, or the capacity to produce an effect. It can be classified into two main forms — kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion, and potential energy, which is stored energy due to an object's position or state.

1: The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a 3 kg sample of aluminium from 40°C to 95°C is 27000 J.

This can be calculated by using the formula: Heat = Mass x Specific Heat Capacity x Change in Temperature.

Therefore, Heat = 3 kg x 900 J/kg°C x (95°C - 40°C) = 27000 J.

2: The temperature change of a 4.1 kg sample of copper when 780 J of energy is applied is 2.02°C.

This can be calculated by using the formula: Change in Temperature = Heat / (Mass x Specific Heat Capacity).

Therefore, Change in Temperature = 780 J / (4.1 kg x 385 J/kg°C) = 2.02°C.

3: The specific heat capacity of iron is 1479.2 J/kg°C.

This can be calculated by using the formula: Specific Heat Capacity = Heat / (Mass x Change in Temperature).

Therefore, Specific Heat Capacity = 15686 J / (1.1 kg x (47°C - 16°C)) = 1479.2 J/kg°C.

4: The amount of heat removed to lower the temperature of a 0.778 kg sample of water from 94°C to 26°C is 200508 J.

This can be calculated by using the formula: Heat = Mass x Specific Heat Capacity x Change in Temperature.

Therefore, Heat = 0.778 kg x 4186 J/kg°C x (94°C - 26°C) = 200508 J.

5: Sample 3 has the highest specific heat capacity because it has the greatest temperature change for the same amount of heat applied. This means that Sample 3 requires more energy to increase its temperature than Samples 1 and 2, thus indicating that it has the highest specific heat capacity.

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Answer:

U have to draw 3 circles

take a specific point and draw 3 circles of different size from the same point.

The electric potential energy of a system of two point charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them.

\(U=\frac{k(q1 \times q2)}{r}\), where U is the potential energy, k is the Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance between them, gives the electric potential energy between two points charges.

Proportional to the product of charges:

The potential energy is directly proportional to the product of the charges' magnitudes. This implies that the potential energy of the system will rise if either or both of the charges do. Similar to this, the potential energy will be negative if the charges have the opposite signs.

Inversely proportional to the distance between them:

The distance between the charges has an inverse relationship with the potential energy. The potential energy diminishes with increasing distance between the charges. This is due to the fact that the electric force between the charges lessens with increasing distance, which lowers potential energy.

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By using seatbelts, all passengers and driver may prevent or limit the injuries that could occur from the effects of inertia.

Inertia is a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.

Inertia means an object will continue its current motion until some force causes its speed or direction to change.

While travelling in a vehicle, the inertias experienced by the passengers and drivers are inertia of motion and inertia of rest.

To avoid these, seatbelts are designed.

A seat belt is defined as a vehicle safety device designed to secure the driver or a passenger of a vehicle against the inertias.

Hence,

By using seatbelts, all passengers and driver may prevent or limit the injuries that could occur from the effects of inertia.

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Answer:

Friction force= 120 N

Explanation:

A soda bottle (m = 0. 1 kg) filled with a flammable vapor is ignited and a rubber stopper (m = 0. 01 kg) is fired across the room at 100 m/s. Find the recoil velocity of the soda bottle [Assume: v1 = 10 m/s]. The recoil velocity of the soda bottle is 1.1 m/s.

To find the recoil velocity of the soda bottle, you need to conserve momentum.

Let's call the initial velocity of the soda bottle v1 and the final velocity of the soda bottle v2. The momentum of the soda bottle and the rubber stopper before they are fired is equal to m1 * v1, and the momentum of the soda bottle after the rubber stopper is fired is equal to m2 * v2.

Conserving momentum, we have:

m1 * v1 = m1 * v2 + m2 * 100

where,

m1 = the total mass of the soda bottle and rubber stopper

m2 = the mass of the rubber stopper.

Solving for v2, the recoil velocity of the soda bottle:

v2 = (m1 * v1 - m2 * 100) / m1

Substituting the given values:

v2 = (0.1 kg + 0.01 kg) * v1 - 0.01 kg * 100 m/s / (0.1 kg + 0.01 kg)

v2 = (0.11 kg) * v1 - 1 m/s

v2 = (0.11 kg) * 10 m/s - 1 m/s

v2 = 1.1 m/s

So, the recoil velocity of the soda bottle is 1.1 m/s.

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Answer: Insulators if i'm correct.

Explanation:

Answer:

power= work done /time=10/2=5watt

The first indication that Cygnus X-1 might be a black hole was the rapid fluctuations observed in its X-rays.

Cygnus X-1, a well-known X-ray source, initially caught the attention of astronomers due to its unusual behavior in the X-ray spectrum. In the early 1970s, scientists noticed rapid and irregular fluctuations in the intensity of its X-ray emissions. These fluctuations occurred on timescales of milliseconds to seconds.

The rapid variations in X-ray intensity suggested that the X-rays were originating from a compact and extremely dense object. The fluctuations were inconsistent with the behavior of other known astrophysical objects at the time, such as neutron stars or white dwarfs.

The observed rapid X-ray variability, combined with other supporting evidence such as the intensity of the X-ray emission and the presence of a massive companion star, pointed towards the presence of a black hole in the Cygnus X-1 system.

Subsequent observations and studies have provided further confirmation of Cygnus X-1 being a black hole, solidifying its status as one of the first confirmed stellar-mass black holes in the universe.

Therefore, the rapid X-ray fluctuations observed in Cygnus X-1 were the initial indication of its potential as a black hole.

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Answer:

See below

Explanation:

The weight of an object on the surface of a planet is given by

\(F = G\dfrac{mM}{r^2}\\\\\)

where F is the force or weight in Newtons

G is the universal gravitational constant

m is the mass of the object

M is the mass of the planet

r is the radius of the planet

Mars has a smaller radius and smaller mass than the Earth.

The gravitational force on Mars is approximately 38% of the gravitational force on Earth because of the smaller mass and smaller radius

So an object weighing about 10N on earth will weigh only about 3.8N ≈ 4N

The angle at which the wavelength of the scattered X-rays is longer by a factor of 1.0367 is approximately 0.176 radians or 10.08 degrees.

The Compton scattering equation can be used to determine the angle at which the wavelength of the dispersed X-rays is increased by a factor of 1.0367:

Δλ = (h ÷ (m_e × c)) × (1 - cos(θ))

Where:

Δλ is the change in wavelength

λ' is the wavelength of the scattered X-rays

λ is the incident wavelength

h is the Planck's constant (6.62607015 × \(10^{-34}\) m² kg / s)

m_e is the electron mass (9.10938356 × \(10^{-31}\) kg)

θ is the scattering angle

In this case, we know that the change in wavelength is Δλ = λ' - λ = (f - 1) × λ = 0.0367 × λ.

we get:

0.0367 * λ = (h ÷ (m_e × c)) × (1 - cos(θ))

We can rearrange the equation to solve for the scattering angle θ:

cos(θ) = 1 - (0.0367 × λ × m_e × c) ÷ h

θ = arccos(1 - (0.0367 × λ × m_e × c) ÷ h)

Now, we need to calculate the incident wavelength λ. The wavelength of X-rays is related to their momentum through the equation:

λ = \(\frac{h}{p}\)

where p is the momentum. The momentum of an X-ray photon can be calculated using its energy E:

p = E ÷ c

Since the equation relates a photon's energy to its wavelength:

E = hc ÷ λ

Now we can substitute the momentum p into the equation for λ:

λ = h ÷ p = h ÷ (h ÷ λ) = λ

Therefore, the incident wavelength is equal to the given wavelength of 0.0113 nm.

Substituting the values into the equation for the scattering angle θ, we get:

θ = arccos(1 - (0.0367 × 0.0113 × \(10^{-9}\) × 9.10938356 × \(10^{-31}\) × 299,792,458) ÷ (6.62607015 × \(10^{-34}\)))

we find:

θ ≈ 0.176 radians or 10.08 degrees

Therefore, the angle at which the wavelength of the scattered X-rays is longer by a factor of 1.0367 is approximately 0.176 radians or 10.08 degrees.

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The ratio of the crown's apparent weight (in water) to its actual weight is equal to the ratio of the density of the crown to the density of water.

When an object is submerged in a fluid, it experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

This ratio is determined by the Archimedes' principle, which states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

In this case, the apparent weight of the crown in water is reduced due to the buoyant force acting on it. The magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the crown. The actual weight of the crown remains the same.

The ratio of the apparent weight to the actual weight depends on the relative densities of the crown and water. If the density of the crown is greater than the density of water (ρc > ρw), the apparent weight will be less than the actual weight (wapparent < wactual).

If the density of the crown is less than the density of water (ρc < ρw), the apparent weight will be greater than the actual weight (wapparent > wactual).

If the densities are equal (ρc = ρw), the apparent weight will be equal to the actual weight (wapparent = wactual).

So the ratio of the crown's apparent weight (in water) to its actual weight is equal to the ratio of the density of the crown to the density of water.

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Answer:

The displacement of the boat is 7.41 m

Explanation:

Given;

initial velocity of the motorboat, u = 6.5 m/s west

final velocity of the motorboat, v = 1.5 m/s west

acceleration of the motorboat, a = -2.7 m/s² east

The displacement of the boat is given by;

v² = u² + 2ad

where;

d is the displacement of the motorboat

1.5² = 6.5² + 2(-2.7)d

1.5² -  6.5² = -5.4d

-40 = -5.4d

d = (40) / 5.4

d = 7.41 m

Therefore, the displacement of the boat is 7.41 m

The rate at which the velocity of an item changes is measured as acceleration.

The change in displacement is measured in terms of velocity. Being merely the rate of change of velocity, acceleration is also a vector quantity. An object's velocity is altered by a net force; the acceleration increases with the magnitude of the net force.

For an item to accelerate by the same amount as an object that is less massive, more net forces are needed. A motion can be accelerated in one of three ways: uniformly, non-uniformly, or averagely. In contrast to velocity, which describes the speed and direction of an object's movement, speed is the rate of movement along a path.

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Force applied is directly proportional to displacement.

It is given by the formula

Here F is the force , k is the spring constant , x is the displacement.

Substituting the values,

Using the 2nd equation of motion;

= s = ut + ½at²

= 40 = u×2 + ½ × 6 × 2²

= 40 = 2u + 3 × 4

= 40 - 12 = 2u

= 28/2 = u

= 14 m/s = u

And its done! Simple isn't? :P

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

Using conservation of momentum:

Initial momentum = (77+32 kg)* 3.8  m/s = 414.2   kg m/s

Jumping off with zero speed relative to ground (I think this is what zero horizontal speed MEANS) means all of his momentum is given to the cart  ( think about jumping off of a skateboard)

  final momentum of the cart

      mv = 414.2

       v = 414.2/32 = 12.94 m/s    for a + 9.13 m/s change