What are some extreme nationalism examples today?
Answers
Answer:
Fashism, look at the Iranian revolution in 9178
Explanation:
Ultranationalism is "extreme nationalism that promotes the interest of one state or people above all others", or simply "extreme devotion to one's own nation". Ultranationalism combined with the notion of national rebirth is a key foundation of fascism.
Related Questions
Which of the following was a main reason for
Adolf Hitler deciding to take over Austria-first?
A. Austria was Hitler's home nation.
B. Austria had declared war on Germany.
C. Austria had been a German enemy in World War I.
D. Austria asked Hitler to annex them into Germany.
Answers
Answer:
A ✔️
Explanation:
What do you make of Zinn’s historical narrative in this particular chapter?What arguments is he making? Is there anything to take away from it? Do you vibe with it or are there problems with it? Explain
Answers
The narrative of Zinn shows the believe that he has concerning the history of a nation.
The argument that Zinn makes is that the people do not have to underplay the crimes that Columbus committed in the world.
Yes there are takeaways from it. One of this has to do with the effect of history on a people.
Yes I agree with this belief.
What was the argument of Zinn?History writers tacitly defend Columbus' actions if they downplay or ignore the other instances of human rights abuse in American history.
According to Zinn, there is no such thing as objective history. He insisted that every historical account "serves some present interest." Howard Zinn rejected the notion of objective historical fact and wrote history to advance a political purpose that he never attempted to cover up.
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The effects of colonialism of africa in the late 1800s.
Answers
The effects of colonialism in Africa in the late 1800s were far-reaching and encompassed various aspects such as political, economic, social, and cultural transformations.
In the late 1800s, European powers colonized vast territories in Africa through a process known as the Scramble for Africa. This colonization had significant effects on the continent. Politically, Africa was divided into artificial boundaries created by European powers, leading to the establishment of European colonial administrations and the erosion of traditional African political structures.
Economic effects included the exploitation of African resources, such as minerals and cash crops, for the benefit of the colonizers. This extraction of resources often resulted in the impoverishment of local populations and the disruption of traditional economic systems.
Socially, colonial rule led to the imposition of European cultural norms and values, which marginalized indigenous African cultures. Africans were subjected to racial discrimination, segregation, and forced labor under colonial rule.
Additionally, colonialism had long-lasting effects on African identity, as it created a sense of dependency and inferiority among the colonized populations.
Overall, the effects of colonialism in Africa in the late 1800s were marked by political subjugation, economic exploitation, social upheaval, and cultural disintegration. These effects continued to shape the trajectory of African nations even after achieving independence, leaving a lasting legacy of challenges and the ongoing process of decolonization and nation-building.
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how did the roman church respond to martin luther's reforms? explain three reforms hr brought to the church
Answers
Martin Luther's reforms, including justification by faith, the priesthood of all believers, and vernacular worship and Bible translation, sparked opposition from the Roman Church and resulted in the Protestant Reformation.
The Roman Church responded to Martin Luther's reforms with resistance and opposition, leading to the Protestant Reformation. Here are three key reforms that Martin Luther brought to the church:
1. Justification by Faith: Luther challenged the Catholic Church's teachings on salvation, particularly the practice of selling indulgences. He emphasized the concept of justification by faith alone, asserting that salvation comes through faith in God's grace rather than through the accumulation of good works or indulgences.
2. Priesthood of All Believers: Luther advocated for the idea that all believers have direct access to God and can interpret scripture for themselves, without the need for intermediary priests. He believed in the priesthood of all believers, highlighting the individual's personal relationship with God and the importance of personal faith.
3. Vernacular Worship and Bible Translation: Luther promoted the use of the vernacular language (such as German) in worship services and Bible translations. He translated the Bible into German, making it accessible to the common people and enabling them to engage with scripture directly. This emphasis on vernacular worship and Bible translation aimed to increase understanding and engagement with religious teachings.
These reforms challenged the authority and practices of the Roman Catholic Church and led to significant divisions within Christianity, ultimately shaping the landscape of Western Christianity and giving rise to Protestant denominations.
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In the context of this passage, how has America changed over time? Consider what
American life looked like before the American Civil War. How did the war change America
and its people? Cite evidence from this text, your own experience, and other literature, art,
or history in your answer
Answers
Throughout history, America has experienced a variety of changes. As an example, America has become more powerful, stable, and multicultural.
What is Civil War?History refers to the conflict as the "Civil War," which involved the Union and the Confederacy. The main factors contributing to it include economic characteristics like dependence on exports of basic commodities as well as cultural and political activity.
Before the American Civil War, millions of enslaved Africans and African Americans had been forced to work on farms and in other industries since slavery was a prevalent institution in the Southern states.
Before the American Civil War, the majority of Americans lived in rural areas and worked on farms or in associated businesses, with agriculture contributing to the majority of the country's economy.
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"Yes: Mexico must be thoroughly chastised! . . . The news of yesterday [at the southern border] has added the last argument wanted to prove the necessity of an immediate Declaration of War by our government toward its southern neighbor.
"We are justified in the face of the world, in having treated Mexico with more forbearance [tolerance] than we have ever yet treated an enemy. . . . We have . . . submitted thus far to a most offensive rejection of an Ambassador personifying the American nation, and waited for years without payment of the claims of our injured merchants. We have sought peace through every avenue, and shut our eyes to many things, which, had they come from England or France, the President would not have dared to pass over without stern and speedy resentment. We have dammed up our memory, of what had passed in the South [Texas] years ago—of devilish massacres of some of our bravest and noblest sons . . . in violation of all the rules of war. . . .
"We think there can be no doubt of the truth of yesterday's news; and we are sure the people here, ten to one, are for prompt and hostilities. . . . Let our arms now be carried with a spirit which shall teach the world that, while we are not forward for a quarrel, America knows how to crush, as well as how to expand!"
Walt Whitman, journalist and poet, editorial in the Brooklyn Eagle, 1846
"President [James K. Polk] in his message, as a pretext for sending our army to invade and conquer the country upon the Rio Grande, says: "Texas by its [legislative] act of December 19, 1836, had declared the [Rio Grande] to be the boundary of that [formerly independent] republic.' . . . The truth is that Texas had agreed upon the Nueces [River] as her boundary. . . .
"If [Mexico] be ours, why does he seek to justify the taking possession of it by references to the fact that Mexico is indebted to some of our people? If it be not ours, and he has taken possession of it in order to compel Mexico to pay those debts, why not say so? The fact that Mexico has not paid the debts due to our citizens can have no legitimate connection with taking possession of [it as] our own soil. But [the president] was obviously conscious that this invasion of the Mexican territory could not be justified. . . .
"When the Executive and Congress openly and avowedly took upon themselves the responsibility of extending and perpetuating slavery by the annexation of Texas, and by the total overthrow and subversion of the Constitution, . . . my confidence in the stability of our institutions was shaken, destroyed. . . . Our Union continues, but our Constitution is gone. . . .
". . . No man regards this war as just. We know, the country knows, and the civilized world are conscious, that it has resulted from a desire to extend and sustain an institution on which the curse of the Almighty most visibly rests."
Joshua Giddings, congressman from Ohio, speech in the United States House of Representatives, 1846
Which of the following comparisons best describes Whitman's and Giddings' arguments about the Mexican-American War?
A
Whitman believed the United States should show patience before war, while Giddings believed the country had tolerated abuses for too long without war.
B
Whitman argued that the war was intended to deter bad behavior, while Giddings argued that the war represented aggression by the United States.
C
Giddings asserted that the nation entered the war as a last resort, while Whitman asserted that the war was unnecessary to achieve the goals of the United States.
D
Giddings claimed that the war had popular support in the United States, while Whitman claimed that most Americans opposed the war.
Answers
The comparison that best describes Whitman's and Giddings' arguments about the Mexican-American War is:
C. Giddings asserted that the nation entered the war as a last resort, while Whitman asserted that the war was unnecessary to achieve the goals of the United States.
Whitman's argument, as expressed in the editorial he wrote for the Brooklyn Eagle in 1846, suggests that he believed the United States had already shown considerable forbearance towards Mexico. He emphasized that the United States had sought peace through diplomatic means and had tolerated offensive actions, such as the rejection of an American ambassador and the non-payment of debts owed to American merchants. Whitman argued that the United States should exercise restraint and avoid war, stating that America should not be eager for a quarrel. He believed that the actions of Mexico did not warrant immediate military action and that the United States should focus on diplomatic resolutions instead.
On the other hand, Giddings, a congressman from Ohio, argued in a speech in the United States House of Representatives that the war was not justified and represented aggression by the United States.
He contended that the United States invaded Mexican territory without legitimate justification. Giddings criticized the annexation of Texas and the perceived overthrow of the Constitution as factors that eroded his confidence in the stability of American institutions.
He believed that the war was driven by the desire to extend and perpetuate slavery rather than legitimate reasons. Giddings saw the war as an unnecessary and unjust act on the part of the United States.
Final answer:
In summary, while Whitman argued against immediate military action and emphasized the pursuit of diplomatic solutions, Giddings asserted that the war was an aggressive move by the United States and that it was unnecessary in achieving the goals of the country.
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during his first year in office, george w. bush: a.persuaded congress to enact the largest tax cut in american history. b.had the full support of congress, which had a commanding republican majority. c.supported the accelerated reduction of nuclear weapons. d.raised tax rates for wealthy americans. e.sponsored legislation to protect the environment.
Answers
During his first year in office, George W. Bush persuaded congress to enact the largest tax cut in american history, had the full support of congress, which had a commanding republican majority, supported the accelerated reduction of nuclear weapons, raised tax rates for wealthy americans, and sponsored legislation to protect the environment. Option a, b, c, d, and e are correct.
During his first year in office, George W. Bush persuaded Congress to enact the largest tax cut in American history. He had the support of a commanding Republican majority in Congress.
While he expressed support for the accelerated reduction of nuclear weapons, his stance on nuclear disarmament was nuanced, balancing the goal of reductions with the importance of maintaining a strong nuclear deterrent. Contrary to the statement, he did not raise tax rates for wealthy Americans.
Additionally, while Bush did take some steps to protect the environment, his environmental policies were often criticized for not going far enough or weakening existing regulations. It's important to note that this conclusion is specific to Bush's first year in office, and his full presidency involved a broader range of actions and policies.
Therefore, a, b, c, d, and e are correct.
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what disaster happened at the battle of chancellorsville
Answers
Answer:
General Stonewall Jackson was fatally wounded by friendly fire
Explanation:
https://study.com/academy/answer/what-disaster-happened-at-the-battle-of-chancellorsville.html
When did the rise of big business
begin?
A. The period just before the Civil War
B. During the Civil War
C. During the American Industrial Revolution
n
Just before World WrIT
Answers
Answer: During the American Industrial Revolution
Explanation: The answer is in the name...industrial revolution
What happened to many farmers in the Great Plains when they lost their farms during the Dust Bowl and headed to California to find work
Answers
During the Dust Bowl, the ecological disaster that hit the Great Plains region, many farmers lost their farms due to crop failures and severe dust storms that destroyed crops and left the soil barren.
These farmers were forced to abandon their homes and land, leading to mass migration to California in search of employment opportunities and a better life.Many of these farmers found work in California as migrant farmworkers, picking crops such as grapes, peaches, and cotton. However, their working conditions were often poor, with low wages and long hours in the fields. Many farmers lived in squalid conditions, often in makeshift camps or tents with limited access to sanitation and clean water.
Moreover, they faced discrimination and hostility from the local population who viewed them as outsiders and competition for jobs. The plight of these farmers was documented in John Steinbeck's novel The Grapes of Wrath, which portrayed the harsh realities of life for migrant farmworkers in California during the Dust Bowl era.
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how did europeans justify colonizing africa after losing colonies in the americas and abolishing slavery
Answers
Europeans justified colonizing Africa through beliefs in their own superiority, economic motives, territorial expansion, political interests, and the concept of the "White Man's Burden."
Europeans justified colonizing Africa after losing colonies in the Americas and abolishing slavery in several ways. Here are some of them: The idea of "civilizing" the African continent: Europeans believed that they were superior to Africans and that they could bring civilization and Christianity to the "uncivilized" Africans.
They saw Africa as a "dark continent" that needed to be explored and brought under European rule. Economic motives: European countries wanted to control African resources, such as gold, diamonds, and other minerals. They also wanted to find new markets for their goods and increase their trade.
Territorial expansion: European countries wanted to increase their territories and influence around the world. Colonizing Africa was seen as a way to do this. Political and strategic interests: European countries wanted to establish naval bases, refueling stations, and other strategic locations around the world.
Colonizing Africa was seen as a way to do this. Furthermore, Europeans used the "White Man's Burden" concept to justify colonizing Africa. The concept argued that it was the moral obligation of Europeans to civilize and educate Africans and to help them rise to a higher level of civilization.
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how does each agent influence an individual's political views over a lifetime.
Answers
Each agent can influence an individual's political views over a lifetime by providing exposure to different ideas, values, and perspectives on a variety of topics. This can help shape an individual's beliefs, opinions, and voting habits. Factors such as family, friends, media, and even education can have a significant impact on a person's political views.
Each agent has the potential to influence an individual's political views over a lifetime. Parents and peers are likely to have the greatest influence, as they are likely to be the first people to introduce an individual to political concepts and shape their beliefs and values.
Schooling and education can also have an impact, as schools often teach students about different political ideologies, parties, and issues .The media, including television, radio, and print, can also have a significant impact, as they are often used to promote particular political views.
Finally, religious institutions and organizations can also have an impact, as they often promote particular political views.
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What are the main characteristics of Fordism?
Answers
Answer:
Fordism refers to the system of mass production and consumption characteristic of highly developed economies during the 1940s-1960s. Under Fordism, mass consumption combined with mass production to produce sustained economic growth and widespread material advancement.Explanation:
Fordism refers to the system of mass production and consumption characteristic of highly developed economies during the 1940s-1960s. Under Fordism, mass consumption combined with mass production to produce sustained economic growth and widespread material advancement.
What is Fordism?Fordism is an industrial engineering and manufacturing system that serves as the basis of modern social and labor-economic systems that support industrialized, standardized mass production and mass consumption.
The concept is named after Henry Ford. It is used in social, economic, and management theory about production, working conditions, consumption, and related phenomena, especially regarding the 20th century. It describes an ideology of advanced capitalism centered around the American socioeconomic systems in place in the post-war economic boom. Fordism is the eponymous manufacturing system designed to produce standardized, low-cost goods and afford its workers decent enough wages to buy them.
It has also been described as a model of economic expansion and technological progress based on mass production: the manufacture of standardized products in huge volumes using special purpose machinery and unskilled labor.
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1. in order to control riots and unrest, emperor claudius decided to build an aqueduct out of what material? why was this important?
Answers
The aqueducts were constructed from a series of pipes, tunnels, canals, and bridges. Concrete was also used. Gravity and the natural slope of the land permitted aqueducts to channel water from a freshwater source, such as a lake or spring, to the towns and cities.
Aqueducts required a great deal of planning. The arches of the Claudio Aqueduct were built with the construction technique called 'opus quadratum.' They are composed of the not uniform size block rows made of cut volcanic stones.
Covered water channels were usually made of stone or brick coated with hydraulic cement and employed regular settling basins to lessen water impurities. The water was dispensed all over the city, even to the hilltops, and poured constantly into the many public fountains.
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Maria and Julian Martinez referenced the ancient Puebloan past by
a. carefully copying designs of deities from ancient pots
b. creating ritual jewelry for spiritual ceremonies
c. exploring complex ceramic coloration techniques
d. excavating nearby ancestral sites
Answers
Maria and Julian Martinez referenced the ancient Puebloan past by (a) carefully copying designs of deities from ancient pots.
The couple, who were famous Pueblo potters, studied the ancient pottery designs and developed their own unique style. They used a technique called "black-on-black" where they painted black designs on a black background. This technique was inspired by the ancient Mimbres pottery of the Southwest.
Maria and Julian's pottery was not just aesthetically pleasing, but it was also deeply connected to their cultural and spiritual beliefs. Their pottery was used in various spiritual ceremonies and was believed to bring good luck and blessings.
Maria and Julian's work was so influential that it inspired a whole new generation of Pueblo potters. Today, their pottery is considered some of the finest examples of Native American art and can be found in museums and private collections around the world.
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Many suffragists were also abolitionists. True or false
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
people actively supported both reforms
Commutative states that the grouping of three terms being added does not affect the result.
Distributive states that the order of two terms being added may be switched which does not affect the result.
Associative states that the multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by that number and then adding the two products.
Which is which because that's what its asking
Answers
The addition of three words grouped together has no impact on the outcome.- associative property
Switching the sequence in which the two terms are added has no impact on the outcome.- commutative property
A sum is multiplied by a number in the same way that each addend is multiplied by the same number, and the two results are then added.- Distributive
Does the commutative property ensure that changing the group won't have an influence on the result?The commutative property states that while adding or multiplying, values may be exchanged or moved about, and the outcome will still be the same. Essentially, the sequence doesn't matter whether adding or multiplying.
The associative property states that no matter how the numbers are grouped or joined, the sum or outcome of an addition or multiplication of three or more numbers remains the same.The total or product is the same if two numbers are added or multiplied in a different order, according to the commutative property. The equation for the commutative property of addition is A + B = B + A.Following are some distributive characteristics of multiplication over addition: The results are added, and the sum is multiplied by the number. This is equivalent to multiplying each addend by the number.Learn more about associative property: https://brainly.com/question/28762453
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autocracy and oligarchy
Answers
the was the japanese vision of a large entity of oriental nations led by japan that would be free from western influence. league of united asians asian free trade agreement unified peoples of asia greater east asia co-prosperity sphere
Answers
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, or GEACPS, was a concept that was created in the Japanese Empire and spread to the Asian populations that it conquered from 1931 to 1945.
Its avowed goal was to create an independent Asian people and state bloc that would be governed by the Japanese and free from the influence of Western countries. Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsuoka first broached the subject in a radio address on August 1, 1940.
Depending on the organization and government agency involved, the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere's goals and actual implementation differed greatly.
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Convert 98% into a decimal
20 points
.098
9.8
.98
2. Convert 5.12 into a percent
20 points
512%
51.2%
.512%
3. Convert .35 into a percent
20 points
35%
3.5%
350%
4. Convert 8% into a decimal
20 points
.008
.08
.8
5. Convert .094 into a percent
20 points
940%
94%
9.4%
Answers
Answer:
1) 0.98
2) 51.2
3) 35
4) .008
5) 94
Answer:
98% = .98
5.12 = 512%
.35 = 35%
8% = .08
.094 = 9.4%
Explanation:
This is how I remember how to convert between the two. In percentages and whole numbers, the decimal point is behind the last number. For example, we have 98%. The decimal point is being eight. We would move the decimal point two times to the left, which would end up in front of nine. In decimals, you would start wherever the decimal point is. For example, we have 5.12. To convent that to a percentage, you would move the decimal two times to the right.
Note: It doesn't matter how big the number is or where the decimal point is, but you either move two times to the left or right depending on the situation.
what best describes the result of napoleon's conquest and reform of european lands?
Answers
Napoleon's military campaigns brought significant political and territorial changes to Europe, as he conquered and annexed numerous territories across the continent. This led to the reorganization of borders and the establishment of new states, which had a lasting impact on European politics and society.
On the other hand, Napoleon's reforms also had a profound effect on the countries he conquered. He introduced new legal systems, abolished feudalism, and promoted education and religious tolerance. These changes laid the groundwork for modernizing reforms in many parts of Europe, and helped to spread Enlightenment ideas throughout the continent.
Overall, the result of Napoleon's conquest and reform of European lands was a mixed legacy, with both positive and negative outcomes. While his military campaigns led to significant territorial gains, his reforms also contributed to the modernization of many European countries, and helped to lay the foundations for the political and social changes that would shape the continent in the years to come.
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Napoleon's conquest and reform of European lands resulted in a significant transformation of political and social systems across the continent.
He introduced a range of reforms that aimed to modernize the administrative, legal, and economic structures of the countries he conquered. These included the introduction of the Napoleonic Code, which standardized legal practices and abolished feudal laws, the establishment of a centralized system of government, and the adoption of a uniform system of weights and measures. The reforms also encouraged the spread of Enlightenment ideals, such as freedom of speech and equality before the law.
However, the consequences of Napoleon's conquest were not entirely positive. His aggressive expansionist policies sparked conflicts that resulted in the loss of thousands of lives and left many countries deeply indebted. Furthermore, the reforms he implemented were often perceived as top-down impositions, which resulted in widespread resistance and resentment among the populations affected.
In conclusion, Napoleon's conquest and reform of European lands brought about significant changes in the political and social systems of the continent. While his reforms represented a step forward towards modernization and enlightenment ideals, the cost in human life and the imposition of policies on unwilling populations cannot be ignored.
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Settlers continued moving farther north because of
Duwamish support.
the end of British rule.
the success of Olympia.
US government support.
HELP WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
Answers
Answer: I think the answer is B
Explanation: hope this helps :D
Answer:
b
Explanation:
took test
Show instructions
Question 1 (10 points)
Benjamin Franklin said that publishing a newspaper was easy.
True
O False
Answers
Answer:
True
____________
_________________
______________________
Sort from most power to least power: Priests, Archbishops, Patriarchs, Bishops
Answers
Answer:
the answer is in the following.
Explanation:
How is socialism different from capitalism?
A. Socialist countries promote fascism, while capitalist countries
promote totalitarianism.
B. Socialism involves government regulation of industry, while
capitalism is based on private control.
C. Socialism has produced more favorable conditions for workers,
but capitalism has oppressed workers.
O D. Socialist countries are led by dictators, while capitalist countries
are led by elected officials.
Answers
Socialism involves government regulation of industry, while capitalism is based on private control.
The key difference between socialism and capitalism lies in their approaches to the ownership and control of economic resources. In a socialist system, the government or community owns and controls the means of production and distribution of goods and services. This means that resources are allocated based on need, rather than profit. In contrast, capitalism is based on private ownership and control of economic resources, with businesses and individuals competing for profit in a free market system. This often leads to economic inequality and exploitation of workers. Capitalism is an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit.
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which of the following is not a continuity between the pre-1878 and post-1877 united states? a. population increase b. territorial expansion c. world power status d. economic growth
Answers
Answer:
None of the options provided are a correct answer to the question. The question asks for something that is NOT a continuity between the pre-1878 and post-1877 United States. All of the options listed - population increase, territorial expansion, world power status, and economic growth - are continuities between the pre-1878 and post-1877 United States. Therefore, the answer is none of the above.
The February and October Revolutions
In 1917, two revolutions occurred in Russia and changed the nation's government. Place each characteristic in the
correct category.
October Revolution
February Revolution
The Bolsheviks staged a coup d'état.
Lenin seized power.
Violent protests led to riots.
The tsar was overthrown.
A provisional government took over.
Answers
Answer:
October Revolution
- The Bolsheviks staged a coup d'état.
- Lenin seized power.
February Revolution
- Violent protests led to riots.
- The tsar was overthrown.
- A provisional government took over.
What is the definition of self-government
Answers
Answer: Government of a country by its own people, especially after having been a colony.
Explanation: / Example
In 2009, Greenland was given self-government by the Kingdom of Denmark. It can elect its own officials, who can determine the education, health, and economic decisions of the country. At the same time, however, Denmark has retained for itself jurisdiction over justice, national defense, finances, and civil law.
Why did hardline communist leaders resent Mikhail Gorbachev?
Answers
Why did hardline communist leaders resent Mikhail Gorbachev?
A. He had been inefficient from the day he took office.
B. He was acting as a spy on behalf of the United States.
C. His reforms were empowering people to rise up against the Soviet government.
D. He was planning to assume dictatorship over the Soviet Union.
E. He had abandoned communism and embraced democracy for good.
Answer:
C. His reforms were empowering people to rise up against the Soviet government.
Explanation:
Hardline communist leaders resented Mikhail Gorbachev because his reforms were empowering people to rise up against the Soviet government.
The hard-line communists did not want their activities questioned by the people so they deeply resented Comrade Gorbachev
Answer:
His reforms were empowering people to rise up against the Soviet government.
Which statement best describes the bias illustrated in the passage?
OA. The author is biased against business regulations because he is
also a politician.
O B. The author is biased against a law because it would financially
affect his business.
OC. The author is biased against certain politicians because he
personally dislikes them.
OD. The author is biased against a law because he wants to protect
the environment.
Answers
Based on the context of the illustrated passage, the statement that best describes the bias is The author is biased against a law because it would financially affect his business.
What is the author's bias?Author's bias is a term that is used to describe any opinion or prejudice that influences the author's writing and deters the author from being completely impersonal about the topic or issue about which s/he is writing.
In this case, however, it is concluded that the author of the excerpt is biased. This is because he treats environmental protection laws as if they were a strategy for politicians to end his business.
Originally, Environmental laws are meant to protect the environment so that we have a comfortable life, but the author of the excerpt only looks after his company's profit and acts as if environmental laws were a bad, selfish thing.
This is made clear when the author wrote that "By limiting the number of chemicals I can pour into the local river, these politicians are trying to drive down our productivity and put me out of business!"
Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is The author is biased against a law because it would financially affect his business.
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The politicians calling for stricter environmental protection
laws should be voted out of office. My factory may create
a little bit of pollution, but It's definitely not enough to hurt
the environment. By limiting the amount of chemicals I can
dump into the local river, these politicians are trying to
drive down our productivity and put me out of business!