What is it called when scientists in the same or similar field of study judge the quality of a fellow scientist’s scientific claim?

Answer:

A. The 100 mL of water would be a higher temperature than the 1,000 mL of water.

Explanation:

Since the volume of water affects temperature, when the volume increases this results in a lower temperature. This means that the water with the smaller volume will have a higher temperature.

Grignard synthesis of the alcohol shown involves the following reaction: CH2CH2Br + Mg + 2(C2H5)2O → CH2CH2MgBr + 2C2H5OHWhen we compare the equation with the reagents available, we can see that it requires CH2CH2Br and two molecules of C2H5OH.

From these, CH2CH2OH is synthesized. As the equation suggests that CH2CH2Br is the alkyl halide used, we can add CH2CH2Br and an aldehyde or ketone as a reactant. To draw the structural formulas for the reaction, follow the below guidelines: Step 1: Add an aldehyde or ketone Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds containing carbonyl groups. They have the following formula: RCHO (aldehyde) and R2CO (ketone), respectively. An example of an aldehyde is formaldehyde, which has a structural formula HCHO. When we add HCHO to the reaction, the structural formula for the reactant becomes: CH2O.Step 2: Add an alkyl or aryl bromide The next step is to add an alkyl or aryl bromide to the reactant. An alkyl bromide is an organic compound containing a carbon-bromine bond, while an aryl bromide contains a bromine atom attached to an aromatic ring. The simplest example of an alkyl bromide is CH3Br, while the simplest aryl bromide is bromobenzene (C6H5Br). For this reaction, we will add CH2CH2Br as the alkyl bromide. The structural formula for the reactant becomes: CH2CH2Br + CH2OHere is the required structural formula in 100 words. The Grignard synthesis of the alcohol shown in the equation CH2CH2Br + Mg + 2(C2H5)2O → CH2CH2MgBr + 2C2H5OH requires CH2CH2Br and two molecules of C2H5OH. Therefore, we can add CH2CH2Br and an aldehyde or ketone to form the desired alcohol. For this purpose, we will use HCHO as an aldehyde and CH2CH2Br as an alkyl bromide. The structural formula for the reactant will be CH2CH2Br + CH2O.

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S (s) + O₂ (g) → SO₂ (aq) represents this chemical reaction

In stating a chemical equation it can be done in the form of a word or a chemical formula

A word equation will include the words of the reactants, products, form of the compound (liquid, gas, solid), the total concentration/quantity of the reactants and products which can be expressed in mass, moles, or volume

The questions statement above shows that sulfur powder (S) and oxygen gas (O₂) are reactants (located on the left of the reaction equation), and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is the product of the reaction (stated in the problem there is the word "to form") which is located on the right

So the complete reaction

S (s) + O₂ (g) → SO₂ (aq)

Answer:

The correct answer is A

Explanation:

The nickel has a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and has a density of 8.90 g/cm3. its atomic radius is 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.

given that :

density = 8.90 g/ cm³

the density is given as :

density = mass / volume

no. of atoms = 8 (1/8) + 6(1/2)

volume = (r ×  8 (1/8))³

mass = 4 atoms ×  mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol

density = mass / volume

8.90 g/ cm³ = (4 atoms ×  mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol ) /  (r ×  8 (1/8))³

r = 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm

Thus, the atomic radius is  1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.

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Using smaller pieces of coal and increasing the concentration of oxygen can both increase the rate of the exothermic combustion reaction of coal. The correct answer is d. both (a) and (b) are correct.

When coal is broken down into smaller pieces, it increases the surface area available for the reaction. This allows for more contact between the coal and oxygen, promoting faster and more efficient combustion. The increased surface area facilitates the exposure of more coal particles to the surrounding oxygen, leading to a higher frequency of successful collisions between reactant molecules and an overall increase in the reaction rate. Similarly, increasing the concentration of oxygen provides a higher number of oxygen molecules available for the combustion reaction. This higher concentration promotes more frequent collisions between oxygen and coal particles, resulting in an accelerated reaction rate. Lowering the temperature, as mentioned in option (c), would not increase the rate of the reaction. Generally, increasing the temperature enhances reaction rates for exothermic reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is option d, as both using smaller pieces of coal (increased surface area) and increasing the concentration of oxygen can effectively increase the rate of the exothermic combustion of coal.

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Answer:

Explanation:

the addition of an indicator to the analyte solution helps us to visually spot the equivalence point in an acid-base titration. Endpoint: refers to the point at which the indicator changes color in an acid-base titration.

Answer:

If this is for the "functional groups" question:

1. aldehyde

2. ketone

3. ester

4. carboxylic acid

Explanation:

Got them all right on edge.

The drop-down menus to identify the names of the structures in the table to the right

1. Aldehyde

2. Ketone

3. Ester

4. Carboxylic acid

A functional group in organic chemistry is a pool of atoms within molecules which bind jointly to react in predicted ways.

Examples of functional groups contain the group hydroxyl, ketone, amine, and ether.

Thus, these are the drop down menus.

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The molecule for further use in the citric acid cycle is NAD+.

In the absence of oxygen after glycolysis cells undergo fermentation without the citric acid cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. The citric acid cycle requires oxygen. This is because the electron transport chain requires an electron acceptor to regenerate her NAD, which is the role of oxygen.

Some of this is considered an aerobic pathway because the NADH and FADH2 produced must transfer electrons to the next pathway in the system using oxygen. Without oxygen, this transfer would not occur. Two carbon atoms from each acetyl group enter the citric acid cycle. Oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is therefore required for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation.

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Answer:

17.25 L

Explanation:

I converted 100g into moles and converted the amount of moles into L.

1 mole is equal to 6.023 × 10 ²³ molecules.17.25 Liters are in 100 grams of COCl₂. Therefore, option D is correct.

The term mole is defined as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities.

One mole of any substance is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ units of that substance such as atoms, molecules, or ions. The number 6.023 × 10²³ is called as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant.

The mole concept can be used to convert between mass and number of particles.

1 gram of COCl₂ =  0.00770 mole

100 gram COCl₂ = 0.770 mole

To convert gram into litre multiply by 22.4

= 0.770 ×  22.4

= 17.25 Litre

Thus, 17.25 Liters are in 100 grams of COCl₂, option D is correct.

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Answer:

people as: it Is less expensive. easy to carry

So, the concentration of [OH⁻] is approximately 3.77 × 10⁻¹¹ M. To find [oh¯],

we can use the equation for the ion product constant of water (Kw): Kw = [H3O+][OH¯], At 25°C, Kw is equal to 1.0 × 10^-14. So, if [H3O+] = 2.65 × 10^-4 M,

we can rearrange the equation to solve for [OH¯]: [OH¯] = Kw/[H3O+]
[OH¯] = 1.0 × 10^-14/2.65 × 10^-4
[OH¯] = 3.77 × 10^-11 M

Therefore, [OH¯] is 3.77 × 10^-11 M.

To find the concentration of [OH⁻] when given the concentration of [H₃O⁺], we can use the ion product constant of water (Kw) formula. The Kw formula is: Kw = [H₃O⁺] × [OH⁻]

Kw is always equal to 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ at 25°C. We are given [H₃O⁺] = 2.65 × 10⁻⁴ M. Now, we can solve for [OH⁻]: 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = (2.65 × 10⁻⁴) × [OH⁻]
To find [OH⁻], divide both sides by (2.65 × 10⁻⁴): [OH⁻] = (1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴) / (2.65 × 10⁻⁴), [OH⁻] ≈ 3.77 × 10⁻¹¹ M

So, the concentration of [OH⁻] is approximately 3.77 × 10⁻¹¹ M.

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The net ionic equation for the given reaction is as follows: Ba2+ + CO32- -> BaCO3.

The given total ionic equation is as follows: Ba2+ + 2NO3- + 2Na+ + CO32- → BaCO3 + 2Na+ + 2NO3-. The first step to finding the net ionic equation is to write the balanced molecular equation. The balanced molecular equation is given below: Ba(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 → BaCO3 + 2NaNO3.

The next step is to write the total ionic equation, where all the ions that participate in the reaction are written in their ionic forms. Ba2+ + 2NO3- + 2Na+ + CO32- → BaCO3 + 2Na+ + 2NO3-The last step is to cancel out the spectator ions that appear on both sides of the equation. The spectator ions are Na+ and NO3-.The resulting net ionic equation is as follows: Ba2+ + CO32- → BaCO3.

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Chemical reactions are the various types of permanent changes which occur in substances and which produce new substances .

Chemical reactions are changes which occur in the arrangement of atoms in a substance resulting in the formation of new substances.

There are many types of chemical reactions such as:

The various types of chemical reactions that occur contribute to the numerous compounds and substance in existence today.

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answer:asap is the best seller asap is the more complicated i tems

2.83 lamda is the wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 105.7 x10^6 Hz in here.

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The pH values after the given volumes of acid have been added are: a) 12.18, b) 12.39, c) 11.78, d) 11.25, and e) 10.79.

To solve the problem, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between KOH and HClO4:

KOH + HClO4 -> KClO4 + H2O

At the start of the titration, before any HClO4 has been added, we have a solution of KOH with a concentration of 0.150 M. We can use this concentration to calculate the initial concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution:

[OH-] = 0.150 M

a) Before any HClO4 has been added, the volume of the solution is 20.0 mL. At this point, no HClO4 has reacted with the KOH, so the concentration of OH- ions is still 0.150 M. To calculate the pH, we can use the formula for the dissociation constant of water:

Kw = [H+][OH-] = 1.0 x 10^-14

pH = -log[H+]

[H+] = Kw/[OH-] = 6.67 x 10^-13 M

pH = -log(6.67 x 10^-13) = 12.18

b) After 1.5 mL of HClO4 has been added, the volume of the solution is 21.5 mL. The moles of HClO4 added is:

0.125 mol/L x 0.0015 L = 1.875 x 10^-5 mol

The moles of KOH initially in the solution is:

0.150 mol/L x 0.020 L = 0.003 mol

Thus, the moles of KOH remaining after reaction with HClO4 is:

0.003 mol - 1.875 x 10^-5 mol = 0.00298125 mol

The total volume of the solution is 21.5 mL, so the new concentration of KOH is:

0.00298125 mol / 0.0215 L = 0.1387 M

Using this concentration, we can calculate the concentration of OH- ions:[OH-] = 0.1387 M

Using the same formula for Kw and pH as before, we find that:

[H+] = 4.06 x 10^-13 M

pH = -log(4.06 x 10^-13) = 12.39

c) Repeating the above process for a volume of 24.0 mL gives:

[H+] = 1.64 x 10^-12 M

pH = -log(1.64 x 10^-12) = 11.78

d) For a volume of 26.5 mL:

[H+] = 5.67 x 10^-12 M

pH = -log(5.67 x 10^-12) = 11.25

e) For a volume of 29.0 mL:

[H+] = 1.63 x 10^-11 M

pH = -log(1.63 x 10^-11) = 10.79

Therefore, the pH values after the given volumes of acid have been added are: a) 12.18, b) 12.39, c) 11.78, d) 11.25, and e) 10.79.

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Answer:

Hey mate

Explanation:

Yes these methods are only used in biology, chemistry, physics, geology and physcology.... They can't be used in maths or other subject, as it is said SCIENCE IS SCIENCE!

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Answer:

When aluminum is added to cold dilute hydrochloric acid, there is no reaction because aluminum is a highly reactive metal, but it is protected by a thin oxide layer on its surface. This oxide layer is not easily dissolved by dilute hydrochloric acid, so the aluminum does not react with the acid. In order to react with the acid, a stronger acid such as sulfuric acid or nitric acid is needed to dissolve the oxide layer. Additionally, a higher concentration of hydrochloric acid is also needed to react with aluminum.

Another possible reason is that Aluminium metal react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas and aluminum chloride salt, but the reaction is relatively slow and requires heat to speed it up. In cold dilute hydrochloric acid, the reaction rate is too slow to observe any visible change.

Answer:

There is a leyer of aluminium that prevents nothing from happening

Explanation:

Keep in mind that this reaction will not take place as soon as you add the piece of aluminium to the hydrochloric acid solution. That happens because the piece of aluminium is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide, Al2O3 , the same layer that protects aluminium from reacting with water

A beam of light has a wavelength of 280 nanometers. The frequency of the light is  1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz.

the information in the question is given as :

wavelength of beam of light = 280 nm

the relation between the frequency and the wavelength is given as :

F = c / λ

where,

F = frequency of the light

c = speed of light

λ = wavelength of light

speed of light , c is = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

substituting all the value in the formula for the frequency, we get:

F = c / λ

F =  3 × 10⁸  / 280 × 10⁻⁹

F = 0.0107 × 10¹⁷ Hz

F = 1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz

Thus, A beam of light has a wavelength of 280 nanometers. The frequency of the light is  1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz.

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The correct statement about pericyclic reactions is:

In pericyclic reactions, all bonds are broken and formed in a single step.

Pericyclic reactions are a class of organic reactions characterized by the simultaneous breaking and forming of multiple bonds in a concerted manner, meaning that all bond changes occur in a single step. This is in contrast to stepwise reactions where bonds are broken and formed in separate steps.

In a pericyclic reaction, the reactants rearrange their electrons in a concerted fashion, leading to the formation of new bonds and the breaking of existing bonds. This concerted process occurs through the overlap of molecular orbitals, allowing for the efficient transfer of electrons.

Pericyclic reactions are concerted reactions in which the breaking and forming of bonds occur simultaneously in a single step. They do not involve multiple steps or intermediates. The transition state in a pericyclic reaction is cyclic, not acyclic.

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Answer:

The primary principle at work in a laser printer is static electricity, the same energy that makes clothes in the dryer stick together or a lightning bolt

Explanation:

[2.8.2] - exists the electron configuration of a potassium ion when it contains created an ionic bond with a bromine ion.

What is electron configuration simple definition?

electronic configuration, also called electronic structure or electron configuration, the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

What are the 4 types of electron configuration?

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Cyclohexenone is a useful starting material for drug synthesis. For each reaction. The major additional product for the reactions are respectively given as;

This is further explained below.

Generally, An electrophile is simply defined as a species of a chemical compound that may receive an electron pair from a carbonyl group in order to establish chemical bonds.

In conclusion, It is common practice to add 1,4 significance to the alkene of asymmetric nucleophiles when using organocuprate reagents in the process at the top.

Grignard reagents often add 1,2 to the carbonyl of asymmetric carbonyl compounds in the bottom reaction

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Cyclohexenone is a useful starting material for drug synthesis. For each reaction. The major additional product for the reactions are respectively given as;

A soft electrophile

A hard electrophile

Generally, An electrophile is simply defined as a species of a chemical compound that may receive an electron pair from a carbonyl group in order to establish chemical bonds.

In conclusion, It is common practice to add 1,4 significance to the alkene of asymmetric nucleophiles when using organocuprate reagents in the process at the top.

Grignard reagents often add 1,2 to the carbonyl of asymmetric carbonyl compounds in the bottom reaction

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Answer:

B. polar covalent

Explanation:

Answer:

Energy transfer by direct contact is conduction.

Explanation:

Conduction is the process of heat or electricity being transferred through a solid material by the movement of molecules. When two objects are in direct contact with each other, heat can be transferred from one object to the other through conduction. This is because the molecules in the hotter object have more energy, and they transfer some of their energy to the molecules in the cooler object through collisions and interactions.

Energy transfer as electromagnetic waves, energy transfer by currents of moving liquid or gas, and energy transfer from a reaction system to its surroundings are all examples of different methods of energy transfer, but they are not conduction.

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Energy transfer by direct contact is conduction. Therefore, option B is correct.

Conduction is a mode of energy transfer that occurs through direct contact between objects or substances. When objects or substances with different temperatures come into contact, the hotter object transfers thermal energy to the colder object through conduction.

Conduction refers to the transfer of heat or thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. This transfer occurs when the atoms or molecules of the hotter object collide with those of the colder object, transferring kinetic energy and increasing the motion of the colder object's particles.

As a result, the temperature of the colder object increases, while the temperature of the hotter object decreases until both reach thermal equilibrium.

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The coefficients that will balance the tarnishing reaction equation are: 2, 1, 1,1

What is a chemical equation

Chemical equations are representations of chemical reactions using symbols and formula of the reactants and products.

The reactants are located on the left side while the products are located on the right side.

Reactants —> Products

The balancing of chemical equations follows the law of conservation of matter which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but can be transferred from one form to another.

Thus, we can obtain the coefficients that will balance the tarnishing reaction equation by simply balancing the equation:

How to balance the equation

Ag(s) + H₂S(g) → Ag₂S(s) + H₂(g)

There are 2 atoms of Ag on the right side and 1 atom on the left side. It can be balanced by writing 2 before Ag as shown below:

2Ag(s) + H₂S(g) → Ag₂S(s) + H₂(g)

Thus, the equation is balanced.

The coefficients are: 2, 1, 1, 1 :)

Answer:

what is the question????

Answer:

Number of Protons: 45

Number of Neutrons: 58

Number of Electrons: 45

Explanation:

Have a nice day

Answer: in order, cellular respiration, carbon dioxide, agricultural, methane, digestion, volcanic activity, eruption

Explanation:

its hard to explain why these things are thing you will have to memorize at first and then as you get later into science, you will learn about chlorophyll and mitochondria, and all sorts of fun things!