IBr3 has three single bonds between the Iodine (I) and Bromine (Br) atoms in its Lewis structure. The Iodine atom (I) is in the centre, surrounded by three Bromine atoms (Br).
The Iodine atom has two lone pairs, while all three Bromine atoms have three. Because the overall formal charge is zero, the Lewis structure of PBr 3 described above is the most appropriate, reliable, and stable in nature. In PBr 3, there are three bonding pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons. The molecule will shape itself in such a way that repulsive forces are minimised.
The number of lone pairs of electrons present around the central atom is also denoted by the Lewis Structure. Ionic, covalent, and coordination compounds can all have Lewis structures. However, we can only draw it if we know the compound's molecular formula.
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you want to find the actual amount of reactants that are needed to get a desired amount of product. which information is required?
To find the actual amount of reactants that are needed to get a desired amount of product, you would need the balanced chemical equation for the reaction, the molar mass of the reactants and products, and the desired amount of product.
When balancing a chemical equation, coefficients are added to ensure that the same number of atoms of each element is present on both sides of the equation. This means that the coefficients represent the number of moles of each reactant and product that are involved in the reaction. Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is essential for determining the stoichiometry of a reaction, which is the study of the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Once the balanced chemical equation is known, the molar mass of each reactant and product is needed to convert between mass and moles. Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, which is found by adding up the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule. For example, the molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.015 g/mol because it contains two hydrogen atoms with a molar mass of 1.008 g/mol each and one oxygen atom with a molar mass of 15.999 g/mol.
To determine the actual amount of reactants needed to produce a desired amount of product, the stoichiometry of the reaction is used to calculate the theoretical yield, which is the maximum amount of product that can be obtained from a given amount of reactant. The theoretical yield is found by using the balanced chemical equation to determine the mole ratio between the reactants and products and then multiplying by the amount of limiting reactant present. The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction, limiting the amount of product that can be formed. To determine the limiting reactant, the amounts of each reactant are compared using their molar masses and the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation. The reactant that produces the least amount of product is the limiting reactant.
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at what temperature would this reaction become non-spontaneous? 2C2H2(g)+5O2(g)-->4CO2(g)+2H2O(l)
We cannot determine the exact temperature at which this reaction becomes non-spontaneous without more information about ΔH and ΔS. However, we can say that the reaction is likely to become non-spontaneous at low temperatures and that the temperature at which this occurs depends on the values of ΔH and ΔS.
The spontaneity of a reaction depends on the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of the system. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, and if ΔG is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous. The equation for calculating ΔG is ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
In the case of the reaction 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) --> 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l), we can determine whether the reaction is spontaneous or not at a given temperature by calculating ΔG. However, we need the values of ΔH and ΔS for this reaction, which are not provided.
Assuming that ΔH and ΔS are constant and do not change with temperature, we can still make some general statements about the spontaneity of the reaction at different temperatures.
At low temperatures, the reaction is likely to be non-spontaneous because the positive ΔS term in the ΔG equation is small compared to the negative ΔH term. As the temperature increases, the positive ΔS term becomes more significant, and the reaction becomes more spontaneous.
Eventually, at a certain temperature, the ΔG value will become positive, and the reaction will become non-spontaneous. The temperature at which this occurs depends on the values of ΔH and ΔS, which are not provided. However, we can say that the reaction will become non-spontaneous when ΔH/T is greater than ΔS.
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A 0.853-g of 90.0% lithium chlorate mixture decomposes with heat to give 313 ml of oxygen gas collected over water at 20 c and 762 mmHg .what is the percentage of LiCLO3 in the mixture?
Answer:
\(\%LiClO_3=90.4\%\)
Explanation:
Hello!
In this case, since the undergoing chemical reaction is:
\(LiClO_4\rightarrow LiCl+\frac{3}{2} O_2\)
It is widely known that when a gas given off from a reaction is collected over water, we can compute its pressure by minusing the total pressure 762 mmHg and the vapor pressure of water at the experiment's temperature (20 °C) in this case 17.5 mmHg as shown below:
\(p_{O_2}=762mmHg-17.5mmHg=744.5mmHg*\frac{1atm}{760mmHg}=0.980atm\)
Next, by using the ideal gas equation we compute the yielded moles of oxygen considering the collected 313 mL (0.313 L):
\(n_{O_2}=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{0.980atm*0.313L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*293.15K}\\\\ n_{O_2}=0.0128molO_2\)
Now, via the 3/2:1 mole ratio between oxygen and lithium chlorate (molar mass = 90.39 g/mol), we compute the original mass of decomposed lithium chlorate as follows:
\(m_{LiClO_3}=0.0128molO_2*\frac{1molLiClO_3}{3/2molO_2}*\frac{90.39gLiClO_3}{1molLiClO_3} \\\\m_{LiClO_3}=0.771gLiClO_3\)
Now, the percentage is computed as shown below:
\(\%LiClO_3=\frac{0.771g}{0.853g} *100\%\\\\\%LiClO_3=90.4\%\)
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Which of the following are spectator ions in the equation below? Select all that apply
Pb(C₂H302)2(ag) + 2 LiCl(ag) 2 LIC₂H302(ag) + PbCl2(s)
Pb2+(aq)
Li+(aq)
Cl-(aq)
C2H3O-2(aq)
I hope i entered the answer options right
(100 POINTS) Compare the forces between particles solids, liquids, gases
While solids have certain shape and volume, liquids only have definite volume but not shape, gases neither have shape nor volume. The level of energy is highest in gases, medium in liquid and lowest in solids. The compression of solids is difficult, liquids are nearly incompressible, but gases can be easily compressed.
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What processes are adding additional carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Answer:
Explanation:
When animals breathe or decompose (decay), carbonate rocks weather, forest fires ignite, and volcanoes erupt, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere naturally. Human practices such as the combustion of fossil fuels and trees, as well as the manufacture of cement, contribute carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
How are protons and neutrons the same and how are they different?
Explanation:
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons are the three primary subatomic particles that form an atom.
Protons and Neutrons are large particles and are densely compacted into the nucleus of the atom. Protons are electrochemically positive in charge and the Neutrons are electrochemically neutral in charge.
Together the protons and Neutrons make up the mass of the atom.
Electrons are electrochemically negatively charged particles that move random around the nucleus. They have a relatively small mass compared to Protons and Neutrons. They are found in electron clouds that surround the nucleus and their movement and properties provide for the bonding characteristics of each atom.
Part A
Calculate the heat of atomization of C2HCl5 , using the average bond energies in the following table:
Bond Bond energy (kJ/mol)
C−C 347
C=C 611
C≡C 837
H−C 414
C−Cl 339
H−Cl 431
Express your answer to four significant figures and include the appropriate units. Answer in deminisions of Enthapy
To calculate the heat of atomization of C2HCl5, we need to break all the bonds in the molecule and convert it into individual atoms. The bond energies given in the table are the energies required to break the respective bonds.
C2HCl5 can be written as:
C-C-C-C-C
| | |
Cl Cl Cl
The total bond energies required to break all the bonds in C2HCl5 are:
5 x C-C = 5 x 347 kJ/mol = 1735 kJ/mol
2 x C-Cl = 2 x 339 kJ/mol = 678 kJ/mol
1 x C=C = 1 x 611 kJ/mol = 611 kJ/mol
Total bond energy = 3024 kJ/mol
The heat of atomization is defined as the enthalpy change for the conversion of one mole of a substance in its standard state into its constituent atoms in the gas phase. Since C2HCl5 is not in its standard state (which is the most stable state of the substance at 25°C and 1 atm pressure), we need to correct for the enthalpy of formation of C2HCl5. The enthalpy of formation of C2HCl5 is -318.8 kJ/mol.
Therefore, the heat of atomization of C2HCl5 can be calculated as:
Heat of atomization = Total bond energy + Enthalpy of formation
Heat of atomization = 3024 kJ/mol + (-318.8 kJ/mol)
Heat of atomization = 2705.2 kJ/mol
Therefore, the heat of atomization of C2HCl5 is 2705.2 kJ/mol, expressed in dimensions of enthalpy.
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Which job title describes a person with a career in green energy?
Answer:
Natural resource professional
Explanation:
The job title that describes a person with a career in green energy is a hydroelectric technician. The correct option is c.
What is green energy?Green energy is renewable energy and these energies are produced by renewable resources. Renewable resources are the resources that will not be reduced, and these natural resources are present, and these energies can reproduce again by these resources.
The hydroelectric technician is the person who checks the technical problems of a hydroelectric power plant. Hydroelectricity is produced by water.
This is a renewable resource, and it does not produce any kind of pollution, So a hydroelectric technician will be a job title that describes a person with a career in green energy.
Therefore, the correct option is c., hydroelectric technician.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
Elevator installer
sewing machine operator
hydroelectric technician
animal trainer
what is the frequency of a radio wave with a wavelength of 3 m
The frequency of the radio wave is 1 × 10⁸ Hz
What is Frequency ?
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
It is also occasionally referred to as temporal frequency to emphasize the contrast to spatial frequency, and ordinary frequency to emphasize the contrast to angular frequency.
Formula to use :
C = λ × v
C represents the speed of light, which has a value of approximately 3.00 × 10⁸ m/sλ represents the wavelength and the units should be in meters.v represents the frequency, which should have units of Hz or s⁻¹.
Hz is hertz or reciprocal seconds.
Now let's rearrange the equation to solve for v :
C λ = v
v = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s / (3m)
= 1 × 10⁸ s⁻¹.
Therefore, The frequency of the radio wave is 1 × 10⁸ Hz.
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Which sentence contains a compound modifier that should be hyphenated?.
The sentence that contains a compound modifier that should be hyphenated is "She wore a bright yellow sun hat."
The compound modifier in this sentence is "bright yellow" because it is modifying the noun "sun hat." When two or more words are used together to modify a noun, they are called a compound modifier. In this case, "bright" and "yellow" are used together to describe the color of the hat.
According to grammar rules, when a compound modifier comes before a noun, it should be hyphenated. Therefore, the sentence should be written as "She wore a bright-yellow sun hat."
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Determine the electron geometry (eg) and molecular geometry (mg) of CH3+1. A) eg=tetrahedral, mg=tetrahedral B) eg=tetrahedral, mg=trigonal pyramidal C) eg=trigonal planar, mg=bent D) eg=trigonal planar, mg=trigonal planar E) eg=tetrahedral, mg=trigonal planar
The electron geometry (eg) and molecular geometry (mg) of CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\) is eg=tetrahedral, mg=tetrahedral. The correct answer is A)
To determine the electron geometry (eg) and molecular geometry (mg) of CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\), we need to first draw the Lewis structure of the molecule.
The Lewis structure of CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\) has one carbon atom at the center with three hydrogen atoms attached to it and a positive charge on the molecule.
Carbon has four valence electrons and each hydrogen has one valence electron. Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\) is 2 (from the positive charge) + 4 (from carbon) + 3 (from each hydrogen) = 10.
To form the Lewis structure, we first place the carbon atom in the center and attach the three hydrogen atoms to it. Each hydrogen atom will share one electron with the carbon atom to form a single bond.
Carbon will have four electron pairs around it, which gives us the electron geometry of tetrahedral.
Next, we need to determine the molecular geometry of CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\). The molecular geometry takes into account the lone pairs and bond pairs of electrons around the central atom. In CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\), there are no lone pairs of electrons, only bond pairs.
Since the four bond pairs of electrons are spread out equally in a tetrahedral arrangement, the molecular geometry of CH\(_{3} ^{+1}\) is also tetrahedral. Therefore, the correct answer is A) eg=tetrahedral, mg=tetrahedral.
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Recall that the color of neon lights is dependent on the type of gas that is in
the sign. Helium gas produces yellow light, neon gas produces red light, and argon gas
produces blue light. Explain what is happening to the electrons of the gas atoms in these
signs and why each gas produces different light. Which electrons have the most energy?
What are some of the regulations about cell phone waste?
Are the regulations the same everywhere, which countries have different regulations?
New technology to reduce waste?
Pls and thank you!
What are some of the regulations about cell phone waste?
In general, companies take part in the responsibility of taking back the e-waste resulted from their products.
Are the regulations the same everywhere, which countries have different regulations?
In 2005, two important directives were published in the European Union. The first stipulates that: 1) all manufacturers selling electrical and electronic equipment in and to EU countries label the equipment to inform customers that it must be recycled and 2) make sure that their products are properly disposed of or recycled after the life cycle. The second requires manufacturers to eliminate or minimize the use of lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, cadmium, polychrome and diphelin biphenyl ethers in electrical and electronic equipment sold in the EU after 1 July 2006.
New technology to reduce waste?
Companies are trying to reduce the amount of resources needed in order to create their products. One alternative is the modular smarthphones, which aims to reduce the amount of e-waste of the phone by only upgrading a few elements of hardware.
why is longitudinal diffusion a more serious problem in gas chromatography than in liquid chromatography?
The longitudinal diffusion a more serious problem in gas chromatography than in liquid chromatography because the diffusion coefficient is much more larger in gas than the liquid.
What is Chromatography?Chromatography is a type of laboratory technique which is performed for the separation of the mixture of different elements into its components. The mixture firstly dissolved in a fluid solvent which is known as the mobile phase, that carries it through a system at which the material called the stationary phase is fixed.
Not all molecules present in the same solute show same behavior. Different molecules show different behaviour. This is due to mainly three reason which arr given as below:
Resistance to the transfer of matter. Longitudinal diffusionSwirl diffusionThe molecules of solute moves in different direction in the stationary phase, it is due to porosity of the particle that form it.
Thus, we concluded that the longitudinal diffusion a more serious problem in gas chromatography than in liquid chromatography because the diffusion coefficient is much more larger in gas than the liquid.
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oxygen gas reacts with aqueous hydrazine (n2h4) to produce aqueous hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen gas. when 18.5 g of o2 reacts completely with excess n2h4 , the reaction produces what mass of n2?
The reaction of 18.5 g of O₂ with excess N₂H₄ produces approximately 16.2 g of N₂.
To determine the mass of N₂ produced when 18.5 g of O₂ reacts completely with excess N₂H₄, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the molar masses of the compounds involved.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
2 N₂H₄ + O₂ → 2 H₂O₂ + N₂
The molar mass of O₂ is approximately 32 g/mol, and the molar mass of N₂ is approximately 28 g/mol.
First, we calculate the number of moles of O₂:
Moles of O₂ = Mass of O₂ / Molar mass of O₂
Moles of O₂ = 18.5 g / 32 g/mol
Moles of O₂ ≈ 0.578 moles
According to the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, 1 mole of O₂ reacts to produce 1 mole of N₂. Therefore, the number of moles of N₂ produced is also approximately 0.578 moles.
Finally, we calculate the mass of N₂:
Mass of N₂ = Moles of N₂ × Molar mass of N₂
Mass of N₂ = 0.578 moles × 28 g/mol
Mass of N₂ ≈ 16.2 g
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How is a compound different than a
mixture?
a. A compound can be separated by physical
means.
b. A mixture can be separated by physical
means.
c. A mixture is made of only one type of
atom.
d. A compound is made of only one type of
atom
B
A mixture can be separated by a physical means because there is no chemical bond between the constituents
. Which of these types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?
a. Radio waves
b. Visible light
c. Gamma rays
How many Mn atoms are found in the following compound?
2MnO4
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Given compound:
2MnO₄
This means that the compound contains:
2 × 1 Mn = 2 Mn2 × 4 O = 8 O\(\rule[225]{225}{2}\)
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~AH1807PLEASE ANSWER SOON THIS IS DUE IN LIKE, 5-10 MINS
Which pair have the same electron configuration? You may use the periodic chart
Cl- and Ar
Cl and Ar
Cl- and Ar-
Cl+ and Ar
What quantity of energy is released when 506 g of liquid water freezes?
\( \huge{ \rm{Question:}}\)
What quantity of energy is released when 506 g of liquid water freezes?
\( \huge{ \rm{Answer:}}\)
= 169 kJ
Cual es la fórmula del anhidrido fosfórico ?
P₂O₅
English-
the formula to phosphoric anhydride is P₂O₅
Spanish-
la fórmula del anhídrido fosfórico es P₂O₅
Why do the changes to the mass of the star affect the orbital path of earth?
The changes to the mass of the star affect the orbital path of the earth because the sun exerts a gravitational force on the planet.
What is the meaning of the gravitational forces on a celestial body?The meaning of the gravitational forces on a celestial body is based on the forces that attract celestial bodies such as in this case occurs with the sun that attracts the earth planet.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the meaning of the gravitational forces on a celestial body is associated with attractive forces.
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HELP PLEASE!
Which below, are the smallest basic units of matter?
molecules
ozone
atoms
vitamin E
Answer:
atoms
Explanation:
Is a solution with [H3O+] = 1.4 x 10-4 M acidic, basic or neutral. acidic basic neutral
The concentration of H3O+ ions is 1.4 x 10-4 M, which is greater than 1.0 x 10-7 M, but not so high as to be very acidic. Therefore, we can conclude that the solution is slightly acidic, with a pH between 4 and 5.
To determine whether a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral, we need to look at the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. In water, hydrogen ions combine with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H3O+), which are used to represent the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. The pH scale is a measure of the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution, and ranges from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
A solution with [H3O+] = 1.4 x 10-4 M is slightly acidic, because the concentration of H3O+ ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution. To see why this is true, we can use the equation for the ion product of water (Kw), which relates the concentrations of H3O+ and OH- ions in a neutral solution:
Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1.0 x 10-14
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How many elements are Al2O2
Answer:
i think 2?
Explanation:
AI2 O2
srry if wrong but
hope this helps
what is chemical energy
Answer:
chemical energy is the energy of a chemical substance that is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds and is released when they undergo a chemical reaction and transform into another substance
Zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)2, is precipitated from the tailings ponds of zinc mining operations before the water is released into local rivers. This reduces the concentration of Zn2+ ions in the wastewater. 5.00 kg of sludge containing zinc hydroxide is titrated against HCl solution and 1.50 L of 2.0 M acid is required to reach the endpoint and neutralize the zinc hydroxide. What mass of zinc is contained in the 5.00 kg sludge?
Answer:
First, we need to find the number of moles of HCl used in the titration:
moles HCl = M x V = 2.0 mol/L x 1.50 L = 3.00 mol
Since zinc hydroxide and HCl react in a 1:2 molar ratio according to the balanced chemical equation:
Zn(OH)2 + 2 HCl → ZnCl2 + 2 H2O
we know that twice as many moles of HCl are required to react with each mole of Zn(OH)2. Therefore, the number of moles of zinc hydroxide in the 5.00 kg sludge can be calculated as follows:
moles Zn(OH)2 = 1/2 x moles HCl = 1/2 x 3.00 mol = 1.50 mol
Finally, we can use the molar mass of Zn(OH)2 to convert the number of moles to mass:
mass Zn(OH)2 = moles Zn(OH)2 x molar mass Zn(OH)2
= 1.50 mol x 99.39 g/mol
= 149.1 g
Therefore, the mass of zinc contained in the 5.00 kg sludge is 149.1 grams.
Explanation:
When thermal energy is removed from a system, what happens to the
temperature and the average kinetic energy of the system?
Temperature decreases, average kinetic energy increases
Temperature decreases, average kinetic energy decreases
Temperature increases, average kinetic energy increases
Temperature increases, average kinetic energy decreases
Answer:
When the average kinetic energy of the molecules goes up (a rise in temperature), the average speed of the molecules increases. And lower average kinetic energy of the molecules means they have lower speed. ... When heat (energy) goes into a substance one of two things can happen
Explanation:
hope this helpss!!!
1) 5 small and 4 large cups of coffee cost $22.
2 small and 1 large cups of coffee cost $7.
58 + 4( ) = 22
2(58 + 4L = 22)
5(28 + 1L = 7)
Small
coffee =
Large
coffee =
large = ?
$2
22) → →
O
O
$3
O
O
$4
O
small = ??
Small coffees cost $
Large coffees cost $
$5 $6
O
O
O
O
2 points
$7
O
O