what is the net equation for the overall reaction for the below voltaic cell? cr(s) | cr (aq) || cl (aq) | cl (g) | pt

Answer:

The number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom determines its reactivity. Noble gases have low reactivity because they have full electron shells. Halogens are highly reactive because they readily gain an electron to fill their outermost shell

Explanation:

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In complete oxidation of one mole of a sugar, change in enthalpy is -1000kJ.

According to the first law of thermodynamics,

      Δ U = Q + W                    

w = 0.

Heat (q) generated by 0.5 mole of sugar = -2000 kJ

So, 1 mole of sugar will generate amount of heat is

     = -2000kJ * 0.5

     = -1000 kJ

So, putting the values into the formula

ΔU = q + w    

     = -1000 kJ + 0

     = -1000 kJ

Additionally, in accordance with the definition of enthalpy, enthalpy and internal energy have the following relationships.

ΔH = ΔU + PΔV

As change in volume is 0.

ΔH = ΔU

     = -1000 kJ

We may say that the system's change in enthalpy (ΔH) is -1000 kJ.

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Answer:

all cells come from other cells

Answer:

Polar Covalent Bond

Explanation:

Answer:Carbon forms a double bond to oxygen in aldehydes, ketones and acyl halides. In carboxylic acids, esters and anhydrides, each carbonyl carbon atom forms one double bond and one single bond to oxygen. In carbonate esters and carbonic acid, the carbonyl carbon forms one double bond and two single bonds to oxygen.

Carbon–oxygen bond - Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org › wiki ›

Answer:

visible waves

Explanation:

because visible waves are the brightest

Answer:

The answer to this question is: visible light

Explanation:

This is the answer because:Photons travel in harmonic waves at the fastest speed possible in the universe: 186,282 miles per second (299,792,458 meters per second) in a vacuum, also known as the speed of light.

13.2 moles of helium have a mass of 52.528 g.

He (helium) has an atomic number of 2.

A: The gas helium exists at ambient temperature.

Helium (He) has a molar mass of about 4.0026 g/mol.

Helium (He) has a molar mass of about 4.0026 g/mol. We can use the following formula to determine the mass of 13.2 moles of helium:

Moles times molar mass equals mass.

When we enter the values, we obtain: mass = 52.528 g mass = 13.2 mol x 4.0026 g/mol

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Prior to the industrial revolution, the previous highest level of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere over the prior 400,000 years was 300 ppm.

Before the Industrial revolution, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere was lesser as there was not much carbon dioxide waste that was produced. The highest level of carbon dioxide recorded in the air was 300 ppm at that time.

After the industrial revolution, the concentration of carbon dioxide increased. We can see the carbon dioxide concentrations to reach as high as 1.5 trillion tons today. This is because the formation of industries has been increasing since then which produces a lot of waste carbon dioxide.

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Instead of forming a covalent bond with an atom of hydrogen, hydrogen bonds are a specific form of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules. It comes about as a result of the attraction between a hydrogen atom that is covalently attached to a very electronegative atom, like an N, O, or F atom, and another extremely electronegative atom.

For hydrogen bonds to form, two conditions must be met. Hydrogen Bonding Needs to Meet Two Conditions: A highly electronegative atom is linked to hydrogen in the first molecule (N,O,F). On a tiny, very electronegative atom in the second molecule, there is a single pair of electrons (N,O,F). Only molecules in which hydrogen is covalently bound to either fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen experience hydrogen bonding. The majority of the electron density in the covalent bonds is withdrawn by these three elements since they are so electronegative.

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Answer:

245

Explanation:

BECAUSE THERE ENERGY THEY GIVES THE IMPRESSION OF THE TURKISH

Exothermic or endothermic reactions could occur depending on the enthalpy change  of the reaction. If its positive it will be endothermic and negative will be exothermic.

The enthalpy of a reaction is the energy required to break the bonds between the reactants subtracting it from the energy released in the formation on new bonds.

The reaction is endothermic if the arrow is pointing upward, indicating a positive enthalpy change and the absorption of energy. The reaction is exothermic if the arrow points downward, indicates a negative enthalpy change, and energy is being released.

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The number of molecules : N = 1.505 x 10²³

Given

0.25 mol N₂O₄

Required

The number of molecules

Solution

Can be formulated

N=n x No

N = number of particles

n = mol

No = Avogadro's = 6.02.10²³

N = 0.25 x 6.02.10²³

N = 1.505 x 10²³

Answer: it is group1 or group 3 on god

Explanation:

Answer:

Charles's law, or the law of volumes, was found in 1787 by Jacques Charles.

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Iodine undergoes physical changes such as sublimation when heated and the color of iodine can change depending on its physical state.

The solution with the unheated iodine crystals turned violet, while the solution with the heated iodine crystals turned yellow.

The deposited substance on the bottom of the evaporating dish is iodine crystals.

Evidence that demonstrates that physical changes occurred during the experiment is the sublimation of iodine when heated and then condensation when cooled.

The original copper metal is a reddish-brown color but the copper metal turns black after heating.

The color of the liquid obtained after putting the unheated copper in the sulfuric acid is colorless while the color of the liquid obtained after putting the heated copper in the sulfuric acid is blue.

No. Copper conducts electricity and is relatively unreactive while copper(II) oxide does not conduct electricity well and is an oxidizing agent.

When iodine is heated, it undergoes a phase change, a physical change from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state.

The purple-black solid iodine crystals sublime into a purple vapor which then condenses into small solid crystals on a cool surface.

The color of the crystals on the evaporating dish bottom is the same as the color of the iodine crystals in the reagent bottle, which is purple-black.

When the samples were added to the two cyclohexane solutions, the colors of the solutions changed. The solution with the unheated iodine crystals turned a violet color, while the solution with the heated iodine crystals turned a yellow color.

The deposited substance on the bottom of the evaporating dish is iodine crystals.

Evidence that demonstrates that physical changes occurred during the experiment:

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The term "the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, not electrons" describes the error in her chart. An atom is made up of three particles; electrons, protons, and neutrons. Electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge.

Because protons are in such close proximity, there is a strong repulsive force between them which is why it’s surprising that atomic nuclei can exist. The force that binds protons and neutrons together is known as the strong nuclear force. It has a very short range, which is why it only affects particles that are extremely close together. Despite this, the strong nuclear force is strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, allowing for stable atomic nuclei to exist.

However, the statement "the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, not electrons" is wrong. Electrons aren't held together by the strong nuclear force because they orbit the nucleus and are attracted to the positively charged protons by the electromagnetic force. Therefore, the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force between protons, not electrons.

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Answer:

metallic bond, force that holds atoms together in a metallic substance. The atoms that the electrons leave behind become positive ions, and the interaction between such ions and valence electrons gives rise to the cohesive or binding force that holds the metallic crystal together.

Explanation:

Answer:

Metallic bond, force that holds atoms together in a metallic substance. Such a solid consists of closely packed atoms. In most cases, the outermost electron shell of each of the metal atoms overlaps with a large number of neighboring atoms. As a consequence, the valence electrons continually move from one atom to another and are not associated with any specific pair of atoms. In short, the valence electrons in metals, unlike those in covalently bonded substances, are nonlocalized, capable of wandering relatively freely throughout the entire crystal. The atoms that the electrons leave behind become positive ions, and the interaction between such ions and valence electrons gives rise to the cohesive or binding force that holds the metallic crystal together.

Explanation:

Answer:

Combustion

Explanation:

All combustion reactions have carbon and hydrogen as reactants (and sometimes oxygen) and will always produce CO2 and water.

Because ethanol is not soluble in cyclohexane, the two molecules cannot combine. Because of hydrogen bonding, ethanol has significant intermolecular forces of attraction.

Cyclohexane is a nonpolar molecule, whereas ethanol is a polar, hydrogen-bonding molecule. The reason why ethanol is insoluble in cyclohexane is because the molecular attraction between ethanol molecules is significantly stronger than the attraction between ethanol and cyclohexane molecules. It is less advantageous from an energy standpoint for the alcohol to dissolve because the lengthy hydrocarbon chain cannot establish hydrogen bonds with water. A colourless, movable liquid with a light, sweet smell is cyclohexane. In addition to being somewhat soluble in alcohol, acetone, benzene, ethanol, ethyl ether, olive oil, and carbon tetrachloride, it is also somewhat soluble in water.

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Acids and bases are chemical substances with contrasting properties. Acids taste sour, turn litmus paper red, and have a low pH. Bases taste bitter, turn litmus paper blue, and have a high pH. When an acid and a base react, they form a salt and water, resulting in a neutral solution.

Acids and bases are fundamental concepts in chemistry. Acids have a sour taste, such as vinegar or lemon juice, and turn litmus paper red. They also have a low pH value, indicating a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). On the other hand, bases have a bitter taste, like soap or baking soda, and turn litmus paper blue.

Bases have a high pH value, indicating a low concentration of hydrogen ions and a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-). When an acid and a base react, they undergo a neutralization reaction, resulting in the formation of a salt and water. The salt is composed of a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. The resulting solution is neutral, with a pH of 7. Examples of salts include sodium chloride (table salt) and calcium carbonate (chalk). Alkalis are a type of base that can dissolve in water, forming hydroxide ions.

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Answer: Water. H2O

Explanation: a chemical compound is composed of many identical molecules made from more than one element, in this case Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Answer:

Water, carbon dioxide

Explanation

Answer:

75.07 g/mol

Explanation:

75.07 g/mol

A chemical reaction is when reactants are converted into another substance (also called products). Their reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to give different substances as products.

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Answer:

The crust is made of solid rocks and minerals. Beneath the crust is the mantle, which is also mostly solid rocks and minerals, but punctuated by malleable areas of semi-solid magma. At the center of the Earth is a hot, dense metal core.

Explanation:

Answer:

The crust is made of solid rocks and minerals. Beneath the crust is the mantle, which is also mostly solid rocks and minerals, but punctuated by malleable areas of semi-solid magma.

The different methods that can be used to create electrodes on a Borosilicate wafer are of standard and thin wall configurations.

The use of standard with filament configuration and thin wall configurations comes in different barrel sizes of one, two, three, five, and seven barrels. The capillaries that line the wall of the glass have the electrodes with the association, if needed, a wire that runs along to the record.

The thin wall single barrel configurations may be fitted with two electrodes. They do not use filings like with the standard configurations.

In order to use a silicon wafer, the additional step that is done is doping. Doping is the introduction of some impurities to the semiconductors to make them more electrically active.

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When the waters are extremely oligotrophic  the carbon-14 method of determining primary productivity preferred over the oxygen bottle method

The light/dark bottle is a method for comparing dissolved oxygen concentrations before and after primary production. Bottles containing seawater tests with phytoplankton are brooded for a foreordained timeframe under light and dim circumstances.

To quantify complete essential efficiency, analysts frequently utilize the light-dim jug method. Since oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used in respiration, this method uses changes in the concentration of dissolved oxygen to measure both processes.

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the ratio of base to acid in the solution is 0.01. The ratio of base to acid can be determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid]).

Rearranging the equation, we get [base]/[acid] = 10^(pH-pKa). Substituting the given values, we get [base]/[acid] = 10^(6-8) = 0.01. Therefore, the ratio of base to acid is 0.01 or 1:100. To find the ratio of base to acid in a solution, you can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log ([base]/[acid]). In this case, the pKa is 8.0 and the pH is 6.0. Plugging these values into the equation, we get:
6.0 = 8.0 + log ([base]/[acid])
Now, we need to solve for the ratio [base]/[acid]. First, subtract 8.0 from both sides:
-2.0 = log ([base]/[acid])
Next, use the inverse logarithm (10^x) to remove the log:
10^(-2.0) = [base]/[acid]
This results in:
0.01 = [base]/[acid]
Thus, the ratio of base to acid in the solution is 0.01.

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