what is the relative rate of diffusion of hydrogen and nitrogen ​

The boiling point represents the temperature at which a substance passes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, that is, so that the molecules are further apart from each other. Temperature is an indicator of the energy required, the more energy required the higher the boiling point.

Now, we are presented with our compounds, both have hydrogen and are linked with a covalent bond to an element of group VII of the periodic table, Fluorine and Chlorine. The difference between these two compounds is the type of forces around the molecules. Fluorine with hydrogen, HF molecules, forms hydrogen bonds with molecules of the same type, these hydrogen bonds are quite strong, so to separate the HF molecules from each other requires considerable energy.

In contrast, HCl molecules have weak forces on each other called Van der Wals forces, so separating these molecules requires little energy. For this reason, the boiling point of HF is much higher than the boiling point of HCl.

Lead fluoride hope this helps

Hexane is an alkane with six carbon atoms.

Hexane is an organic substance having the chemical formula C6H14. It is a straight-chain alkane containing six carbon atoms. When pure, it is an odorless, colourless liquid with a boiling point of roughly 69 °C (156 °F). It is a broadly applicable non-polar solvent that is quite safe, mainly unreactive, affordable, and easily evaporable.

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Answer:

Sn2–

Explanation:

The formula of the ion when tin achieves a stable electron configuration is Sn⁴⁺. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

Tin is a element with the atomic number 50 and the chemical symbol Sn. Tin is present in group 14 as a post-transition metal. Tin has two common oxidation states, +2 and +4. The oxidation state +4 of tin metal is somewhat more stable.

Sn⁴⁺ ion is chemically comparable to both of its neighbor germanium and lead in group 14. The electronic configuration of the tin metal is [Kr] 4d¹⁰5s²5p². It has four electrons in its valence shell so when it losses four electrons it gets configuration with fully filled subshells.

Sn²⁺ is called the stannous ion, while its compound SnCl₂ is known as stannous chloride.  Sn⁴⁺ is called the stannic ion, while its compound SnCl⁴ is stannic chloride which is a volatile liquid.

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When hydrogen bromide is added to 2-methylbut-2-ene, two products are expected to be produced: 2-bromo-2-methylbutane (major product) and 3-bromo-2-methylbutane (minor product).

The addition of HBr to 2-methylbut-2-ene follows the Markovnikov addition rule. This means that the hydrogen atom and the bromine atom will add to the carbon atoms in the double bond, such that the hydrogen atom adds to the carbon with the greater number of hydrogen atoms, and the bromine atom adds to the carbon with the lesser number of hydrogen atoms.

In this case, the hydrogen atom will attach to the second carbon atom, which has three hydrogen atoms, while the bromine atom will attach to the third carbon atom, which has only one hydrogen atom. This produces the major product, 2-bromo-2-methylbutane.

The formation of the minor product, 3-bromo-2-methylbutane, occurs due to the rearrangement of the carbocation intermediate formed during the addition reaction. The carbocation can rearrange either by shifting a methyl group from the second to the third carbon, or by shifting a hydrogen atom from the third to the second carbon. This rearrangement produces the minor product, 3-bromo-2-methylbutane.

In conclusion, the addition of HBr to 2-methylbut-2-ene produces two products: 2-bromo-2-methylbutane (major product) and 3-bromo-2-methylbutane (minor product). The major product forms due to Markovnikov addition rule, while the minor product forms due to carbocation rearrangement.

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Answer:

B. Ni

D. Sn

Explanation:

Electrode Potential is the potential difference set up between an element and a solution of its ion. It is a measure of the tendency of an element to form ions.

The electrode potentials vary from one metal ion or metal system to another and the value depends on:

concentration of ions in the solution

the temperature at which the measurement is made , and

the overall energy change.

When two half-cells are joined together through a salt bridge, the e.m.f (electromotive force) of the cell formed is the algebraic difference between the two electrode potentials.

However, the set up in which chemical energy is converted to electrical energy is known as an Electrochemical cell. It consists of two half cells ;

an oxidation half-cell reaction  

a reduction  half cell reaction.

From the information given:

the standard reduction potential for each metal under standard conditions in the electrochemical series is as follows :

\(E^0 _{Pb} = -0.126 \ V\)

\(E^0 _{Cr} = - 0.74 \ V\)

\(E^0 _{Ni} =- 0.23 \ V\)

\(E^0 _{Zn} =- 0.76 \ V\)

\(E^0 _{Sn} = -0.13 \ V\)

\(E^0 _{Cd} = - 0.40 \ V\)

We will realize that  Ni and Sn have reduction values in between Pb and Cd.

Thus , Ni can be oxidized by Pb2+  solution  but not with a Cd2+ solution

The metal(s) that can be oxidized with a \(Pb^{2+}\) solution

B. Ni

D. Sn

It is the potential contrast set up between a component and an answer of its particle. It is a proportion of the inclination of a component to shape particles. The cathode possibilities shift from one metal particle or metal framework to another and the worth relies upon:

Centralization of particles in the arrangement, the temperature at which the estimation is made , and the general energy change.

Whenever two half-cells are combined through a salt scaffold, the e.m.f (electromotive power) of the cell shaped is the mathematical contrast between the two terminal possibilities.

However, the set up in which chemical energy is converted to electrical energy is known as an Electrochemical cell. It consists of two half cells ;

an oxidation half-cell reaction  and a reduction  half cell reaction.

On seeing the values of electrode potential from electrochemical series we observe that  Ni and Sn have reduction values in between Pb and Cd.

Thus , Ni and Sn can be oxidized by  \(Pb^{2+}\) solution but not with a \(Cd^{2+}\)solution.

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Given :

Molarity of \(Na_3PO_4\) , M = 0.213 M .

To Find :

How many ml of 0.213 M of \(Na_3PO_4\) are required to deliver 66.4 mmol \(Na^+\).

Solution :

Volume required  :

\(V=[\text{ 66.4 mmol of }Na^+] + [\dfrac{\text{1 mm of }Na_3PO_4}{\text{3 mmol of }Na^+}]+[\dfrac{\text{1 ml }Na_3PO_4}{\text{0.213 mmol of }Na_3PO_4}]\)

So ,

\(V=\dfrac{66.4}{3\times 0.213}\ ml\\\\V=103.91\ ml\)

Therefore , volume of \(Na_3PO_4\) required is 103.91 ml .

Hence , this is the required solution .

Answer:

5 g / ml

Explanation:

Convert the values given to   g   and ml

12.5 kg = 12500 g

2.5 L = 2500 ml

12500 g / 2500 ml = 5 g/ml

To calculate the pH of the solution obtained by mixing HCl and NaOH, we need to consider the neutralization reaction between the two compounds. The reaction between HCl (hydrochloric acid) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide) produces water (H₂O) and forms a salt (NaCl).

Given:

Volume of HCl solution (V₁) = 40 cm³

Concentration of HCl solution (C₁) = 0.2 M

Volume of NaOH solution (V₂) = 30 cm³

Concentration of NaOH solution (C₂) = 0.1 M

1. Determine the moles of HCl and NaOH used:

Moles of HCl = Concentration (C₁) × Volume (V₁)

Moles of HCl = 0.2 M × 0.04 L (converting cm³ to L)

Moles of HCl = 0.008 mol

Moles of NaOH = Concentration (C₂) × Volume (V₂)

Moles of NaOH = 0.1 M × 0.03 L (converting cm³ to L)

Moles of NaOH = 0.003 mol

2. Determine the limiting reagent:

The stoichiometry of the reaction between HCl and NaOH is 1:1, meaning that they react in a 1:1 ratio. Whichever reactant is present in a smaller amount will be the limiting reagent.

In this case, NaOH is present in a smaller amount (0.003 mol), which means it will be fully consumed during the reaction.

3. Determine the excess reagent and its remaining moles:

Since NaOH is the limiting reagent, we need to find the remaining moles of HCl.

Moles of HCl remaining = Moles of HCl initially - Moles of NaOH reacted

Moles of HCl remaining = 0.008 mol - 0.003 mol

Moles of HCl remaining = 0.005 mol

4. Calculate the concentration of HCl in the resulting solution:

Volume of resulting solution = Volume of HCl solution + Volume of NaOH solution

Volume of resulting solution = 0.04 L + 0.03 L

Volume of resulting solution = 0.07 L

Concentration of HCl in the resulting solution = Moles of HCl remaining / Volume of resulting solution

Concentration of HCl in the resulting solution = 0.005 mol / 0.07 L

Concentration of HCl in the resulting solution ≈ 0.071 M

5. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution:

pH = -log[H⁺]

pH = -log(0.071)

Using logarithm properties, we can determine the pH value:

pH ≈ -log(0.071)

pH ≈ -(-1.147)

pH ≈ 1.147

Therefore, the pH of the solution obtained by mixing 40 cm³ of 0.2 M HCl and 30 cm³ of 0.1 M NaOH is approximately 1.147.

Answer:

Hydrogen H 3.330% Carbon C 26.450% Oxygen O 35.234%

Explanation:

Answer:

To solve this problem, we can use the definition of percent concentration by mass:

percent concentration = (mass of solute ÷ mass of solution) x 100%

We know that the percent concentration of NaCl in the solution is 15% by mass, and we have a 500 gram sample of the solution. Let's assume that the mass of NaCl in the sample is x grams.

Using the percent concentration formula, we can write:

15% = (x ÷ 500) x 100%

Simplifying this equation, we get:

x = (15 ÷ 100) x 500 = 75 grams

Therefore, there are 75 grams of NaCl in a 500 gram sample of the solution.

The correct answer is c. 75 grams.

The question is incomplete. Here is the complete question.

An atom of lead has a radius of 154 pm and the average orbitalspeed of the electron in it is about 1.8x\(10^{8}\) m/s. Calculate the least possible uncertainty in a measurement of the speed of an electron in an atom of lead. Write your answer as a percentage of the average speed, and round it to significant 2 digits.

Answer: v% = 0.21 m/s

Explanation: To calculate the uncertainty, use Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, which states that:  ΔpΔx≥\(\frac{h}{4\pi }\)

where h is Planck's constant and it is equal to 6.626.\(10^{-34}\)m²kg/s.

Since p (momentum) is p = m.v:

mΔv.Δx ≥ \(\frac{h}{4\pi }\)

Δv = \(\frac{h}{4\pi.x.m }\)

Given that: r = x = 1.54.\(10^{-10}\)m and mass of an electron is m=9.1.\(10^{-31}\)kg

Δv = \(\frac{6.626.10^{-34} }{4.3.14.1.54.10^{-10}.9.1.10^{-31}}\)

Δv = 0.0376.\(10^{7}\)

As percentage of average speed:

Δv.\(\frac{1}{v}\).100% = \(\frac{0.0376.10^{7} }{1.8.10^{8} }\).10² = 0.021.10 = 0.21%

The least possible uncertainty in a speed of an electron is 0.21%.

The properties of a natural resource that make it useful for humans as a material or energy source is the ability to convert mass into energy and vice versa.

The expression natural resources make reference to all types of matter and energy extracted from nature that can be used to produce goods and services.

Some examples of natural resources include for example irreversible resources such as fossil fuels (i.e., oil, or coal, gas, minerals such as metals, rocks, etc) as well as those based on the use of reversible energy such as eolic air energy, solar radiation or sunlight, soil and hydric resources or water.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that natural resources can be defined as any material and or energy obtained from nature that may be irreversible or reversibly used to produce goods and services.

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To answer this question, we need to convert grams to moles and then use the Avogadro's number to convert moles to molecules.

The molar mass of Mg(OH)2 is 58.32 g/mol.

First, we need to find the number of moles of Mg(OH)2 in 75.0 g.

75.0 g / 58.32 g/mol = 1.287 mol

Next, we need to convert moles to molecules.

1.287 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol = 7.75 x 10^23 molecules

Finally, we can use the molecular formula of Mg(OH)2 to calculate the number of miles of Mg(OH)2.

1 molecule of Mg(OH)2 contains 3 atoms of oxygen (O) and 2 atoms of hydrogen (H).

So, the total number of miles of Mg(OH)2 is:

7.75 x 10^23 molecules x 2 miles/molecule = 1.55 x 10^24 miles

Therefore, there are 1.55 x 10^24 miles of magnesium hydroxide in 75.0 g of magnesium hydroxide.

Answer:

3.42 × 10²³ atoms CuCl

General Formulas and Concepts:

Explanation:

Step 1: Define

3.42E23 molecules CuCl

3.42 × 10²³ molecules CuCl

Step 2: Convert (DA)

\(3.42 \cdot 10^{23} \ molecules \ CuCl(\frac{6.02 \cdot 10^{23} \ atoms \ CuCl}{6.02 \cdot 10^{23} \ molecules CuCl} )\) = 3.42 × 10²³ atoms CuCl

Step 3: Check

We have 3 sig figs. Follow sig fig rules.

Since our answer already has the correct number of sig figs, there is no need to change it.

To name Type 2 ionic compounds such as AuCl₃, you need to use the Stock system or Roman numeral system to indicate the oxidation state of the cation. Some steps are; Identify the cation, Determine the charge, Write the name, and combine two names.

Here are the steps to name AuCl₃; Identify the cation and anion. In this case, the cation is Au³⁺ and the anion is Cl⁻.

Determine the charge on the cation by using the anion's charge and balancing the charges to zero. Since Cl⁻ has a charge of -1 and there are three Cl⁻ ions in the compound, the total negative charge is -3. Therefore, the Au³⁺ ion has a charge of +3.

Write the name of the cation first, followed by the name of the anion with an -ide ending. Since the cation is Au³⁺, we use the name "gold(III)" to indicate the oxidation state of +3. The anion is Cl⁻, so we add the -ide ending to get "chloride".

Combine the two names to get the compound's name: "gold(III) chloride".

Therefore, the name of the Type 2 ionic compound AuCl₃ is "gold(III) chloride".

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The charge on the ions in an ionic compound containing cobalt(III) and fluoride ions is Co³⁺ and F⁻¹ and the formula of the compound is CoF₃.

Ionic compounds are a type of chemical compound where the oppositely-charged ions of a metal and a nonmetal are attracted to each other to form an ionic bond.

The compound formed from the bonded ions will have very different properties from the elements that make up the compound.

While atoms are neutral because they have an equal number of protons and electrons, ions have a net charge and result when an atom loses or gains electrons.

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Answer:

this should help *not a virus

Explanation:

https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/digestive-system.html

Answer:

0.027mole

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

that is the only dependent variable

Answer:

When a chemical reaction starts with 5 atoms of hydrogen, and the reaction goes into completion, it must give us 5 atoms of hydrogen.

This is in compliance with the law of conservation of mass which states that "in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed but converted from one form to another".

In chemical reactions, bonds are broken and new compounds are formed in the process. The same number of species at the start and end of the reaction must still be the same.

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

pH=-log(x)

x=0.001M,pH=3

x=0.01M,pH=2

x=0.1M,pH=1

x=1M,pH=0

Highest pH is for option D

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

The highest pH is D because

0.01 M HCL => 2

0.1 M HCL => 1

1 M HCL => 0

0.001 M HCL => 3

so the answer is D.

To determine the tomato's velocity when it hits the ground, we need more information. Specifically, we need the height from which the tomato was dropped and the tomato mass.

Without these details, it is impossible to calculate velocity accurately. The velocity of an object when it hits the ground depends on factors such as the height of the fall, the mass of the object, and any forces acting on it during the fall (such as air resistance).

If you can provide the necessary information, I can help you calculate the velocity of the tomato when it hits the ground.

The chemical D is  FeSO4 · 7H2O which is a green crystalline solid. When dissolved in water it gives a very pale green solution. The chemical E is Fe(OH)3 which is reddish brown in color. The chemical F is BaSO4 which is white in color.

D =  FeSO4 · 7H2O hydrated ferrous sulfate.

E = Fe(OH)3 ferric hydroxide

F= BaSO4  barium sulphate

A chemical response happens while one or extra chemical substances are modified into one or extra different chemicals. For Example iron and oxygen combine to make rust. vinegar and baking soda combine to make sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water. techniques concerning the atomic nucleus are called nuclear reactions. The substances that participate in a chemical reaction are known as reactants.

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0.01 mol/L is the molarity of given solution. 0.002 moles is added to 0.2 L solvent to make desired solution.

The amount of moles of solute found in a specific number of litres of the solution, or moles per litre of a solution, is known as molar concentration or molarity. Solutes are simply substances that can be found in solutions because a solution is defined as a homogenous mixture that comprises one or more solutes.

molar mass =342g /mol

number of moles=mass of solute / molar mass

0.45 /342 =0.002 moles

Volume solution =  50 mL / 1000 =0.2 L

M = n / V

M = 0.002 / 0.2

M = 0.01 mol/L

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AnSweR: 10

ExplanAtion: My random idiot friend just told me

Answer:

precipitation

Explanation: