What was the Copernican revolution?
A. The discovery that the moon revolved around the Earth
B. The discovery that the sun was not the center of the universe
C. The discovery that the universe was expanding
D. The discovery that the Earth revolved around the sun
Answers
The Copernican revolution is about the model of the solar system and was given by a polish astronomer. Option C. The discovery that the universe was expanding.
The Copernican Revolution become the paradigm shift from the Ptolemaic model of the heavens, which described the cosmos as having Earth stationery on the center of the universe, to the heliocentric version with the solar on the center of the solar system.
Copernican Revolution, shift the subject of astronomy from a geocentric understanding of the universe, focused around Earth, to heliocentric knowledge, concentrated across the sun, as articulated by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.
This revolution changed the way of thinking of the solar system. Earlier it was thought that earth is in the center of the solar sysytem,i.e; people believed in the geocentric model, but according to Copernicus the solar system has the sun at the center and the remaining planets revolve around it i.e he believed in a heliocentric model.
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Related Questions
Use the diagram and compare the similarities and differences between xylem and phloem
Answers
If we take a look at the composition and structure, both xylem and phloem are vascular tissues made up of cellulose and parenchymatous cells.
What are the differences between xylem and phloem?The Xylem is made up of of dead cells whereby parenchyma is the only living part but Phloem is solely made up of living cells that has no nuclei.
Xylem is also made up of xylem vessels, tracheid's and xylem fibers.
Phloem on its own has four different elements which include:
sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, bast fibres, intermediary cells along with the phloem parenchyma.
In conclusion, the Xylem and Phloem are both tubular vascular tissues that plants use to transport water and food respectively.
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(ANOTHER TABLE GIVEN)
Three saturated solutions (X,Y, and Z) are prepared at 25C. Based on the information in the table above, which of the following lists the solutions in order of increasing [Ag+]?
Answers
Increasing [Ag+] should be done in the following order: Solution X, Solution Y, and Solution Z. saturated solution.
What is saturated solution?
A saturated solution is one in which, at a specific temperature and pressure, the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved. In other words, under those circumstances, no additional solute can be dissolved in the solvent.
.We must evaluate the solubility of silver compounds in each saturated solution in order to establish the sequence of increasing [Ag+] (silver ion concentration) for the solutions X, Y, and Z.
AgCl, followed by AgBr and AgI, has the lowest solubility product constant (Ksp) value, as can be seen from the table. The solubility of the molecule and the concentration of the corresponding ions in the solution decrease with decreasing Ksp values.
Based on this knowledge, we can arrange the answers in the following sequence, increasing [Ag+]:
Solution Z: AgI will produce the highest [Ag+] concentration since it is the most soluble of the three silver compounds.
Solution Y: Because AgBr is less soluble than AgI, Solution Y will have a lower [Ag+] concentration than Solution Z but a greater concentration than Solution X.
The lowest [Ag+] concentration among the solutions may be found in Solution X, which contains AgCl, which is the least soluble of the three silver compounds.
Therefore, increasing [Ag+] should be done in the following order: Solution X, Solution Y, and Solution Z.
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The chemical combination of two or more different atoms in fixed amounts is called a(n)
A. element
B. mixture.
C. orbit
D. compound.
Answers
Answer:
D. compound
Explanation:
Answer:
compound
Explanation:
study island
NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq)
A student is trying to determine the heat of reaction for the acid-base neutralization reaction represented above. The student uses 0.50 M NaOH and 0.50 M HCl solutions. Which of the following situations, by itself, would most likely result in the LEAST error in the calculated value of the heat of reaction
i. The thermometer was incorrectly calibrated and read 0.5 Celsius degree too high during the procedure.
ii. The volume of the acid solution added to the calorimeter was actually 1.0 mL less than what was recorded.
iii. The calorimeter was poorly insulated, and some heat escaped to the atmosphere during the procedure.
iv. The actual molarity of the base solution was 0.53 M but was recorded as 0.50 M.
v. The final temperature of the mixture was taken before the contents of the calorimeter had reached thermal equilibrium.
Answers
Because the volume error is very small, LEAST error in the calculated value of the heat of reaction will occur if the volume of the acid solution added to the calorimeter was actually 1.0 mL less than what was recorded.
What is a neutralization reaction?A neutralization reaction is the reaction between an acid and base to produce salt and water only.
Heat is released in a neutralization reaction.
In determining the heat of neutralization, the least possible error will result if the volume of the acid solution added to the calorimeter was actually 1.0 mL less than what was recorded because the volume error is small and will produce the least variation in values.
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what are the factors affecting gravity?
Answers
Gravity, as a fundamental force of nature, is influenced by several factors. The following are some of the key factors affecting gravity:
Mass: The most significant factor affecting gravity is the mass of the objects involved. According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses. Greater mass leads to a stronger gravitational force.Distance: The distance between two objects also plays a crucial role in the strength of gravity. According to the inverse square law, the gravitational force decreases as the distance between objects increases. As objects move farther apart, the gravitational attraction between them weakens.Gravitational Constant: The gravitational constant, denoted by G, is a fundamental constant in physics that determines the strength of the gravitational force. It is a universal constant and does not change, affecting the overall magnitude of gravity.Shape and Distribution of Mass: The distribution of mass within an object can influence the gravitational field it generates. Objects with a more compact and concentrated mass distribution will have a stronger gravitational pull compared to those with a more spread-out mass distribution.External Influences: Gravity can be influenced by external factors such as nearby celestial bodies or the presence of other forces. For example, the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon affects tides on Earth's surface.if 6 moles of a a compound produce 84 J of energy, what is the h reaction in j/mol
Answers
The enthalpy of the reaction is 14 J/mol.
The enthalpy of a reaction (ΔH) is the amount of energy transferred between a system and its surroundings during a chemical reaction at constant pressure, measured in joules per mole (J/mol). This value is important because it can tell us whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic, as well as give us information about the strength of chemical bonds within the reactants and products.To calculate the enthalpy of a reaction, we need to know the amount of energy released or absorbed (Q) and the number of moles of the compound involved in the reaction (n). We can use the equation:
ΔH = Q/n
Given that 6 moles of a compound produce 84 J of energy, we can calculate the enthalpy of the reaction as follows:
ΔH = Q/n
ΔH = 84 J / 6 mol
ΔH = 14 J/mol
This means that for every mole of the compound involved in the reaction, 14 J of energy is transferred between the system and the surroundings. Since the value is positive, we can conclude that the reaction is endothermic, meaning that it requires an input of energy to occur.It is worth noting that the enthalpy of a reaction can depend on a number of factors, such as temperature, pressure, and the specific conditions under which the reaction occurs. As such, it is important to take these factors into account when calculating or predicting enthalpy values.
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10. In a household radiator, 1000.g of steam at 100.°C condenses (changes from gas to
liquid). How much heat is released?
Answers
1000 g of water condenses at 100°C in a home radiator (changes from gas to liquid).
Equation
Q=m x Hvap
where m= mass.
= 1000. gx2260J/g
Q=2,260,000 J
What is Condensation?
Condensation, which is the opposite of vaporization, is the transformation of matter from its gaseous state into its liquid state. The water cycle is the most frequent use of the phrase. [1] Another way to describe it is as the transformation of water vapour into liquid water when it comes into touch with a solid, liquid, or cloud condensation nucleus in the atmosphere. Deposition is the term for the change that occurs when the gaseous phase directly transitions into the solid phase.
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when a solution of Pb(NO3)2 is mixed with a solution of NaCl, PbCl2 precipitates out. what is the net ionic equation
Answers
The net ionic equation for the reaction between Pb(NO3)2 and NaCl, which results in the precipitation of PbCl2, is:
Pb2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) → PbCl2 (s)
In this equation, the Pb2+ ion from the lead nitrate solution combines with the Cl- ion from the sodium chloride solution to form solid PbCl2, which precipitates out of the solution. The net ionic equation only shows the ions that participate in the reaction and excludes any spectator ions that do not participate.
The reaction between Pb(NO3)2 and NaCl is an example of a double displacement reaction, where the cations and anions of two different compounds switch places to form two new compounds. In this case, the lead ion and chloride ion combine to form solid lead chloride, while the sodium ion and nitrate ion remain in solution.
In conclusion, the net ionic equation for the reaction between Pb(NO3)2 and NaCl, which results in the precipitation of PbCl2, is Pb2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) → PbCl2 (s).
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What is the molarity of a NaCl solution containing 9.0
moles of NaCl in 3.0 L of solution?
Answers
Answer:
3 M
Explanation:
Molarity equation: M = n/v
n = moles of solute
v = liters of solution
9 moles of NaCl / 3 L
9/3 = 3 M
QUESTION 1.
Element X on Planet Qatar has three known isotopes: X-121 with a relative abundance of 43.2%, X-123 with a relative abundance of 53.1%, and X-129 with a relative abundance of 3.70%. What is the average atomic mass in amu of Element X given this information?
QUESTION 2.
How did Rutherford's experiment change the way scientists had previously viewed atomic structure? How did this pave the way for subsequent changes up to and including the currently accepted quantum mechanical atomic model?
QUESTION 3.
How is percent abundance related to average atomic mass?
Answers
a) The percentage abundance determines the relative atomic mass.
b) The relative atomic mass for the element X is122.5 amu
c) The Rutherford's model explained showed the movement of the electrons.
What is the relative abundance?The isotopes are the kinds of atoms of an element that we can see. We know that all the element that we have in the periodic table are composed of the isotopes and the isotopes of the elements are important in the determination of the relative atomic mass of the element that we may be considering here called X
We can now be able to see from the forgoing that we have here that;
Relative atomic mass = Weighted average of all the isotopes
As such we have;
(121 * 0.432) + (123 * 0.531) + (129 * 0.0370)
52.27 + 65.31 + 4.773
=122.35 amu
The Rutherford model of the atom can also be called the planetary model of the atom and this is the model that can be able to explain to us the way that the electrons move round the nucleus.
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a sodium ion-selective electrode increased in voltage by 59.16 mv when the sodium cation concentration was increased by a factor of 10. a s2- ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mv when the sulfide concentration increased by a factor of 10. why? select all that apply
Answers
When the sodium cation concentration was increased by a factor of 10. a s2- ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mv when the sulfide concentration increased by a factor of 10 because of option I and IV.
Some reactive electrodes consist of zinc, copper, lead, and silver. An inert electrode is a form of electrode which does not participate in a chemical reaction. some normally used inert electrodes include platinum, gold, graphite(carbon), and rhodium.
Electrodes are critical additives of electrochemical cells. They shipping produced electrons from one 1/2-cellular to any other, which produce an electrical charge. This fee is based off a widespread electrode gadget (SHE) with a reference ability of zero volts and serves as a medium for any cellular potential calculation.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the comlete question.
A Na ion-selective electrode increased in voltage by 59.16 mV when the sodium ion activity increased by a factor of 10. An S2 ion-selective electrode measured a decrease of 29.58 mV when the sulfide activity increased by a factor of 10. Why?
I. For cations, the measured potential increases by a factor of n x 59.16 mV for every 10-fold change in the activity of the cation, where n is the charge on the cation.
II. For anions, the measured potential decreases by a factor of n x 59.16 mV for every 10-fold change in the activity of the anion, where n is the charge on the anion.
III. For cations, the measured potential increases by a factor of 59.16 mV/n for every 10-fold
change in the activity of the cation, where n is the charge on the cation.
IV. For anions, the measured potential decreases by a factor of 59.16 mV/n for every 10-fold change in the activity of the anion, where n is the charge on the anion.
Select one:
a. I and IV
Ob. III and IV
c. II and III
d. I and II
e. None of the statements explains the behavior.
Which chemical out of the following 4 is the most dangerous? Glucose, benzene,acetone, ether
Answers
Answer:
B.
Explanation: hope this helps
Benzene
What are the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first five principal energy
levels?
Answers
Answer: 10 electrons.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first five principle energy is that
we know that the maximum number of electrons in an energy level given by the formulae is 2(n^2)
here n=5 as given in the question for the energy level for the 5
put that 5 in the formula we get 2(5^2)
50
so therefore the maximum number of electrons that can be in the first five energy principle level is 50
bacteria and virus are micro organisms
Answers
The Answer is yesssssss
Answer:
Technically a microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic. The study of microorganisms is called microbiology. Microorganisms can be bacteria, fungi, archaea or protists. The term microorganisms does not include viruses and prions, which are generally classified as non-living.
Name three instructions that DNA provides to a cell
Answers
Answer:
The instructions in a gene that tell the cell how to make a specific protein. A, C, G, and T are the "letters" of the DNA code; they stand for the chemicals adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), respectively, that make up the nucleotide bases of DNA.
hope it helps !
DNA contains the commands that an organism requires to develop, survive, and reproduce. DNA sequences must be transformed into messages that can be used to make proteins, which are the complex molecules that do the majority of the work in our bodies, in order to perform these functions.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer consisting of two polynucleotide chains that coil into one another to form a double helix.
It contains genetic information in the form, fully operational, growth, and reproduction of all kinds of organisms and viruses. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid.
DNA stores information as a code composed of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
DNA contains all of the instructions that an organism needs to develop, survive, and reproduce.
To perform these functions, DNA sequences must be transformed into messages that can be used to make proteins, which are the complex molecules that do the majority of the work in our bodies.
Thus, these are some of the instructions that DNA provides to cell.
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What is Gay- Lussacs law? State the definition of law in your own words.
Answers
What is the change in enthalpy when 9.00 mol of sulfur trioxide decomposes to sulfur dioxide and oxygen gas?2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g); ΔH° = 198 kJ/mol rxna. 891 kJb. -198 kJc. -891 kJd. 198 kJe. 1782 kJ
Answers
The given chemical equation shows the decomposition of 9.00 moles of sulfur trioxide to sulfur dioxide and oxygen gas. The enthalpy change for this reaction is given as ΔH° = 198 kJ/mol.
Enthalpy change refers to the amount of heat energy released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. A positive value of ΔH° indicates that the reaction is endothermic, meaning it absorbs heat energy from the surroundings, while a negative value indicates an exothermic reaction, meaning it releases heat energy to the surroundings.
In this case, the given value of ΔH° is positive, indicating that the reaction is endothermic. Therefore, for the given reaction, the change in enthalpy can be calculated as follows:
ΔH = (9.00 mol) x (198 kJ/mol) = 1782 kJ
This means that when 9.00 moles of sulfur trioxide decomposes to sulfur dioxide and oxygen gas, 1782 kJ of heat energy is absorbed from the surroundings. Hence, the correct option is (e) 1782 kJ.
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Convert 1.25 ug into hg
Answers
The answer is 1.25e-8.
Part 1: Predict which compound in each pair is more acidic. Explain your answers
. a) cyclopentanol or 3-clorophenol
b) cyclohexanol or cyclohexantiol
c) cyclohexanol or cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
d) 2,2-dichlorobutan-1-ol or butan-1-ol
Part 2: Predict which compound in each group is more soluble in water. Explain your answers.
a) butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol or propan-2-ol
b) chlorocyclohexane, cyclohexanol or cyclohexane-1,2-diol
c) phenol, cyclohexanol or 4-methylcyclohexanol
Answers
(1a) 3-Chlorophenol is more acidic than cyclopentanol (chlorine atom electron-withdrawal). (1b) Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is more acidic than cyclohexanol (stronger carboxylic acid group).
(2a) Propan-2-ol is more soluble in water than butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol (hydrogen bonding ability). (2b) Cyclohexanol is more soluble in water than chlorocyclohexane (hydroxyl group enables hydrogen bonding).
Part 1: Comparing Acidic Strength
a) 3-chlorophenol is more acidic than cyclopentanol. This is because the presence of a chlorine atom in 3-chlorophenol can stabilize the negative charge on the phenoxide ion through inductive and resonance effects, making it more stable and easier to form.
b) Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is more acidic than cyclohexanol. The carboxylic acid group (-COOH) is a stronger acid functional group compared to the hydroxyl group (-OH) present in cyclohexanol.
c) 2,2-dichlorobutan-1-ol is more acidic than butan-1-ol. The presence of the electron-withdrawing chlorine atoms in 2,2-dichlorobutan-1-ol enhances the acidity by stabilizing the negative charge on the alkoxide ion formed upon deprotonation.
d) Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is more acidic than cyclohexanol. The carboxylic acid group (-COOH) is a stronger acid functional group compared to the hydroxyl group (-OH) present in cyclohexanol.
Part 2: Comparing Solubility in Water
a) Propan-2-ol is more soluble in water than butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol. Propan-2-ol has a hydroxyl group (-OH) that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, increasing its solubility.
b) Cyclohexanol is more soluble in water than chlorocyclohexane. The presence of the hydroxyl group in cyclohexanol allows for hydrogen bonding with water molecules, enhancing its solubility. Chlorocyclohexane, on the other hand, is nonpolar and lacks the ability to form significant hydrogen bonds with water.
c) Cyclohexanol is more soluble in water than phenol and 4-methylcyclohexanol. Both cyclohexanol and phenol can form hydrogen bonds with water, but phenol's aromatic ring reduces its solubility. 4-methylcyclohexanol is also less soluble than cyclohexanol due to the steric hindrance from the methyl group, which disrupts hydrogen bonding.
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What is ∆H for the reaction of sulfur dioxide with oxygen?
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
(∆Hf0 SO2(g) = –296.8 kJ/mol; ∆Hf0 SO3(g) = –395.7 kJ/mol)
A.)–98.9 kJ
B.)–197.8 kJ
C.)1.385 × 103 kJ
D.)197.8 kJ
Answers
Answer:
B.) –197.8 kJ
Balanced equation : 2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g)
Given:
SO₂(g) = –296.8 kJ/molSO₃(g) = –395.7 kJ/mol================================================================
products : 2 ( –296.8 ) + O₂ = -593.6 kJ/mol + O₂reactant : 2 ( –395.7 ) = -791.4 kJ/molproducts energy = reactant energy
-593.6 + O₂ = -791.4
O₂ = -791.4 - ( -593.6)
O₂ = –197.8 kJ
Waste products in the lab can always just be poured down the sink. True or false
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
no, waste products in lab can't be poured down the sink because sometime cimicals can be harmfully and can damage the sink
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Your teacher has a designated area for getting rid of chemicals especially potentially hazardous chemicals
How many atoms are in 0.85 moles of Sodium (Na)?
Show work !!
Answers
Answer:
Hi, try following the steps on the explanation on all your questions :) it's easy.
Explanation:
To determine the number of atoms in 0.85 moles of Sodium (Na), we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.
Number of atoms = moles x Avogadro's number
Number of atoms = 0.85 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 particles/mol
Number of atoms = 5.12 x 10^23 atoms
Therefore, there are approximately 5.12 x 10^23 atoms in 0.85 moles of Sodium (Na).
Which of the following is correct order from smallest to biggest
Answers
Sorry this question is incomplete.
according to the arrhenius concept, if naoh were dissolved in water, it would act as
Answers
Answer:
base
Explanation:
The substance NaOH will be disassociated in ions of Na and OH.
Ahrrenius concept of base it's anything that dissolved in water produces OH.
HELP FAST
H₂S gas is removed from the system at
equilibrium below. How does the
system adjust to reestablish
equilibrium?
NH4HS(s) = NH3(g) + H₂S(g)
A. The reaction shifts to the right (products) and the
concentration of NH3 decreases.
B. The reaction shifts to the left (reactants) and the
concentration of NH3 decreases.
C. The reaction shifts to the right (products) and the
concentration of NH3 increases.
D. The reaction shifts to the left (reactants) and the
concentration of NH3 increases.
Answers
When H₂S gas is removed from the system at equilibrium, the reaction shifts to the right (products) and the concentration of NH₃ increases (option C)
How do i determine where the reaction will shift to?A French scientist (Chatelier) postulated a principle which helps us to understand a chemical system in equilibrium.
The principle states that If a an external constraint such as change in temperature, pressure or concentration is imposed on a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium will shift so as to neutralize the effect.
According to Chatelier's principle a decrease in concentration of the products will favor the forward (right) reaction.
From the above principle, we can conclude that when H₂S gas is removed from the system at equilibrium, the reaction shifts to the right (products) and the concentration of NH₃ increases.
Thus, the correct answer to the question is option C
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What type of soil has the most permeability
Answers
Calculate the volume of an
object with dimensions
measuring:
22 mm x 15 mm x 2.0 mm
[?] mm3
Answers
Answer:
The formula for the volume of a solid rectangle is width x depth x height. Divide the volume by the product of the length and width to calculate the height of a rectangular object. For this example, the rectangular object has a length of 20, a width of 10 and a volume of 6,000.
Explanation:
Answer:
660
Explanation:
Which of these alkali metal oxides has the greatest percent by oxygen mass?
A) potassium oxide
B) sodium oxide
C) cesium oxide
D) lithium oxide
Answers
The alkali metal oxides have the greatest percent by oxygen mass is lithium oxide. Therefore, option D is correct.
What is alkali metal ?The chemical elements' lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium make up the alkali metals. Together with hydrogen, they form group 1, which is located in the periodic table's s-block.
All the Group 1 elements are extremely reactive. To keep air and water away from them, they must be stored in oil. When Group 1 elements react with water, they form alkaline metal hydroxides (with a pH above 7). This is why they are referred to as alkali metals.
Thus, option D is correct.
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What directly or indirectly determines the transition temperature?
a) the ability of lipid molecules to be packed together
b) whether the fatty acid chains of the lipids are saturated or unsaturated
c) the extent to which the fatty acid chains of the lipids contain double bonds
d) the length of the fatty acid chains
e) All of these are correct.
Answers
All of these directly or indirectly determines the transition temperature.(option,e). The transition temperature of a lipid bilayer is influenced by multiple factors, all of which are listed options.
The ability of lipid molecules to be packed together plays a crucial role in determining the transition temperature.
Lipid molecules with shorter fatty acid chains are more fluid and have lower transition temperatures compared to those with longer chains, as shorter chains allow for increased mobility and reduced packing.
The saturation level of fatty acid chains also affects the transition temperature. Saturated chains pack tightly, leading to higher transition temperatures, while unsaturated chains, with double bonds, introduce kinks that disrupt packing, resulting in lower transition temperatures.
The extent of double bonds in the fatty acid chains affects the fluidity of the lipid bilayer. More double bonds introduce greater fluidity and lower transition temperatures.
Therefore, all of these factors contribute to the determination of the transition temperature, highlighting the complex interplay between lipid structure and membrane properties.
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How would you express .002 molecules of CO2 per hundred molecules of air as a concentration? -20 parts per hundred thousand -20 parts per million -2 parts per thousand -2 parts per million
Answers
According to the concept of significant figures,0.002 molecules of CO₂ per hundred molecules of air are expressed as a concentration as 2 parts per thousand .
What are significant figures?Significant figures are used for establishment of a number which is presented in the form of digits. These digits give a meaningful representation to the numbers.
The significant figures are the significant digits which convey the meaning according to the accuracy. These provide precision to the numbers and hence are called as significant numbers.There are rules for counting significant figures which are as follows:
1)All non-zero digits are significant .
2)All zeroes which occur between non-zero digits are significant.
3)All zeroes to the left and right of a non-zero digit are not significant.
4) All zeroes on right of decimal are significant if a non-zero number follows them.
5)All zeroes on right side of non-zero digit are significant.
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