When 4 g of a metal carbonate MCO, was dissolved in 160 cm of 1 M hydrochloric acid and then the resultant solution diluted to one litre, 25. 0 cm of this solution required 20. 0 cm' of 0. IM sodium hydroxide solutidn for complete neutralisation, calculate:
(i) The number of moles per litre of excess hydrochloric acid that reacted with sodium hydroxide, NaOH.

(ii) The number of moles per litre of acid that reacted with the carbonate.

(iii) The number of moles of carbonate, MCO, that reacted with the acid.

(iv) The formula mass of the carbonate, MCO, (v) The atomic mass of the metal M. (C = 12. 0. 0 = 16. 0)​

The situation in which two people stand on the same side of a large tire, both people pull the tire with equal force is creating an unbalanced force. The force from the opposite side too acts on the tire and make the displacement.

Force is an external agent acting on a body to change its motion or to deform it. The net force acting on the body depends on the direction and magnitude of all  the force acting on it.

If two equal forces acts on the body from the same side they add up together and the net force is their sum. If the forces are acting from the opposite sides, they will cancel each other and is said to be balanced.

Here, two forces from the side is not balanced by a force from the opposite side in case 3 and make a displacement.  Thus, the option 3 is correct.

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Answer:

Sublimation is the process of transformation directly from the solid phase to the gaseous phase, without passing through an intermediate liquid phase. ... This is because the pressure of their triple point is very high and it is difficult to obtain them as liquids.

A compound forms a dense yellow precipitate when treated with iodine and sodium hydroxide. the compound must be: Acetophenone methyl ketone.

Sodium hydroxide is every now and then known as caustic soda or lye. it's by far a common ingredient in cleaners and soaps. At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is white, odorless strong. Liquid sodium hydroxide is colorless and has no odor. it could react violently with strong acids and with water.

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. it is a white stable ionic compound that includes sodium cations Na⁺ and hydroxide anions OH⁻.

Manufacturers may additionally use sodium hydroxide to provide soaps, rayon, paper, products that explode, dyes, and petroleum merchandise. different obligations which can use sodium hydroxide include processing cotton cloth, steel cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extraction.

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Answer: Independent variables are the devices.

Dependent variable is the rate of cooling.

There is no controlled variable.

Explanation:

Independent variable is required to be changed to observe its impact on the dependent variable. The controlled variable is kept as a standard for experimentation process.

Independent variable are the temperatures of different devices which were used to cool down the pizza.

Dependent variable is the rate of cooling of the pizza.

Controlled variables: No control variables are set in this experiment.

Answer:

Without the respiratory system your blood would be useless. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body

Explanation:

A mole of M&Ms will occupy approximately 3.82992x10¹⁷ cubic meters of volume.

The volume of one M&M is given as 6.36x10⁻⁷ m³. To find the volume occupied by a mole of M&Ms, we need to know the Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022x10²³ mol⁻¹.

The number of M&Ms in a mole can be calculated using Avogadro's number. Therefore, one mole of M&Ms will contain 6.022x10²³ M&Ms.

To find the total volume occupied by a mole of M&Ms, we can multiply the volume of one M&M by the number of M&Ms in a mole.

(6.36x10⁻⁷ m³) * (6.022x10²³ M&Ms) = 3.82992x10¹⁷ m³

Therefore, a mole of M&Ms will occupy approximately 3.82992x10¹⁷ cubic meters of volume.

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Answer: The time after which the concentration of \(SO_2Cl_2\) fall to 12.5% of its initial value is 26.2 hours

Explanation:

Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:

\(t=\frac{2.303}{k}\log\frac{a}{a-x}\)

where,

k = rate constant  

t = age of sample

a = let initial amount of the reactant  = 100

a - x = amount left after decay process  = 12.5

a) for completion of half life:  

Half life is the amount of time taken by a radioactive material to decay to half of its original value.

\(t_{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{0.693}{k}\)

\(k=\frac{0.693}{8.75hour}=0.0792hour^{-1}\)

b) for concentration to fall to 12.5 % of initial value  

\(t=\frac{2.303}{0.0792}\log\frac{100}{12.5}\)

\(t=26.2hours\)

The time after which the concentration of \(SO_2Cl_2\) fall to 12.5% of its initial value is 26.2 hours

After 70 days, five half-lives of 14 days each have passed

The quantity of the substance decreases by half with each successive half-life. If you begin with 10,000 grams of a substance, following one half-life, the remaining quantity would be 5,000 grams.

After two half-lives, it would be 2,500 grams, then 1,250 grams, followed by 625 grams, and finally, after five half-lives, or 70 days, you would be left with only 312.5 grams of the substance.

This outcome is attributed to the exponential degradation that is unique to radioactive elements and other materials that progressively break down as time passes.

Thus, after 70 days, five half-lives of 14 days each have passed

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Answer:

Density, \(d=2.09\ g/cm^3\)

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of a flask is 450 g

Volume of benzene added to the flask is 145 mL or 145 cm³

The weight of the flask and benzene is found to be 754 g.

We need to find the density of the benzene.

Weight of benzene added = total weight of flask and benzene-mass of flask

m = 754 g - 450 g

m = 304 g

Density = mass/volume

So,

\(d=\dfrac{304\ g}{145\ cm^3}\\\\d=2.09\ g/cm^3\)

So, the density of the benzene is \(2.09\ g/cm^3\).

Answer:

Ferrate (VI)

Explanation:

Hydrogen Bonding in Hydrogen fluoride

Fluorine having the highest value of electronegativity forms the strongest hydrogen bond.

The correct answer is 4En

Radiation is emitted by unstable atomic nuclei. Radiation has different properties and interacts with matter in different ways. Although radioactive decay is random, it can be measured. People are exposed to radiation sources in all aspects of their daily lives. Radioactive sources can be very useful, but they must be handled with caution to ensure safety.

Radioactive decay is a completely random process. Even if a nucleus is unstable, it is impossible to predict whether it will decay in the next instant or in millions of years.

Even tiny pieces of material, however, contain a large number of atoms. Some of its unstable nuclei decay quickly, while others decay slowly. So we use the time it takes for half of any of these unstable nuclei to decay.

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The unknown solution produced a yellow precipitate (3) and did not react with Ba(NO₃)₂. Acidification of the supernate resulted in a white precipitate, confirming the presence of sulfate ions and absence of chloride ions. Iodide (I) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻) are the anions that have been proven to be present in the unknown solution, but chloride (Cl) is not.

Based on the given information, we can determine the anions present and absent in the unknown solution.

Anions present:

1. Iodide (I⁻) - This is confirmed by the formation of a yellow precipitate in aqueous solution.

2. Sulfate (SO₄²⁻) - This is confirmed by the formation of a white precipitate after acidification of the supernate.

Anions absent:

1. Chloride (Cl⁻) - The fact that the supernate did not react with Ba(NO₃)₂ suggests the absence of chloride ions in the unknown solution.

Therefore, the anions confirmed present in the unknown solution are iodide (I⁻) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻), while chloride (Cl⁻) is absent.

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Answer:

Chloride salts - made of HCI

Nitrate salts - made of HNO3

Sulfate salts - made of H2SO4

These are all the examples I could think of.

The expected order of boiling points for the molecules 2-methyl pentane (a), 2,3-dimethylbutane (b), and 2,2-dimethylbutane (c) is (c) < (a) < (b).

2,2-dimethylbutane (c) is the most branched molecule among the three and has the least surface area for intermolecular interactions. Therefore, it will have the weakest intermolecular forces and the lowest boiling point.

2-methyl pentane (a) has a straight chain with only one branch, and thus has more surface area available for intermolecular interactions than (c). Therefore, it will have stronger intermolecular forces and a higher boiling point than (c).

2,3-dimethylbutane (b) has two branches and is more branched than (a), but less branched than (c). Therefore, it will have intermediate intermolecular forces and boiling point between (a) and (c).

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Answer:The number of Protons

Explanation:

Answer:

It can be formed either through a process of evaporation or sublimation. Unlike clouds, fog, or mist which are simply suspended particles of liquid water in the air, water vapour itself cannot be seen because it is in gaseous form

Explanation:

hope it help

Answer:

No. Unlike clouds, fog, or mist which are simply suspended particles of liquid water in the air, water vapour itself cannot be seen because it is in gaseous form

Explanation:

Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid, is a weak acid with the chemical formula H3PO4. It is normally encountered as a colorless syrup of 85% concentration in water. The pure compound is a colorless solid.

The mesosphere temperature ranges throughout. With a gain in altitude within the mesosphere, the temperature decreases because of a reduction in the absorption of penetrating solar radiation.

The temperature in the mesosphere varies from -2.5 degrees Celsius to -90 degrees Celsius. Nevertheless, the mesopause can achieve temperatures below -143 degrees Celsius. Normally, the atmosphere gets cooler with an upsurge in altitude because of an increase in the stretch from the Earth's surface, which is a source of thermal radiation that is being reemitted after the absorption of solar radiation. The mesosphere is found instantly above the stratosphere and directly below the thermosphere.

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1) Among 0.10M hydrochloric acid or 0.10M acetic acid, the more acidic one is 0.10M hydrochloric acid;

2) For for 0.0010M hydrochloric acid or 0.010M acetic acid, the more acidic one is 0.010M acetic acid;

3) For 0.00010M hydrochloric acid or 0.0010M acetic acid,  it is 0.0010M acetic acid;

4) The percent ionization of  a) 0.10m hydrochloric acid is 100% b) 0.10m acetic acid is 1.8% c) 0.10m hydrochloric acid  is 100% d) 0.10m acetic acid  is 1.3% e)  0.10m hydrochloric acid  is 100% f) 0.10m acetic acid

is 1.3%.

As per the question, which is more acidic, 0.10M hydrochloric acid or 0.10M acetic acid, the answer is 0.10M hydrochloric acid. The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), the stronger the acid is. Hydrochloric acid ionizes completely in water and provides more H+ ions than acetic acid. However, acetic acid is a weak acid, and it only partially dissociates in water. Hence the concentration of H+ ions in acetic acid is less than the concentration of H+ ions in hydrochloric acid.

Similarly, for 0.0010M hydrochloric acid or 0.010M acetic acid, the answer is 0.010M acetic acid. Since this concentration is greater than 0.0010M hydrochloric acid, the concentration of H+ ions is more in acetic acid. Hence it is more acidic than hydrochloric acid.

For 0.00010M hydrochloric acid or 0.0010M acetic acid, the answer is 0.0010M acetic acid. For this, we again consider the concentration of H+ ions. The concentration of H+ ions in acetic acid is more than that in hydrochloric acid. Hence it is more acidic than hydrochloric acid.

Now let's calculate the percent ionization for each of the above solutions.

a) 0.10M hydrochloric acid:

Hydrochloric acid ionizes completely in water. Hence, the percent ionization is 100%.

b) 0.10M acetic acid:

The ionization constant for acetic acid \(CH_{3}COOH\)  is Ka = 1.8 × \(10^{-5}\)

\(CH_{3}COOH\) ⇌ \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) + \(H^{+}\)

0.10                                        0.10-x                                      x

Initial concentration of \(CH_{3}COOH\) is 0.10M and the equilibrium concentration would be 0.10 - x and x for  \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) and \(H^{+}\) respectively. Since the concentration of x is less than 5% of the initial concentration of acetic acid, we can assume that it is negligible. Hence, the percent ionization is (x/0.10) × 100% = 1.8%.

c) 0.0010M hydrochloric acid:

Hydrochloric acid ionizes completely in water. Hence, the percent ionization is 100%.

d) 0.010M acetic acid:

The ionization constant for acetic acid \(CH_{3}COOH\) is Ka = 1.8 × \(10^{-5}\)

\(CH_{3}COOH\) ⇌ \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) + \(H^{+}\)

0.010                                        0.010-x                                      x

Initial concentration of \(CH_{3}COOH\) is 0.010 and the equilibrium concentration is 0.010 - x and x for \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) and \(H^{+}\) respectively. Since the concentration of x is less than 5% of the initial concentration of acetic acid, we can assume that it is negligible. Hence, the percent ionization is (x/0.010) × 100% = 1.3%.

e) 0.00010M hydrochloric acid:

Hydrochloric acid ionizes completely in water. Hence, the percent ionization is 100%.

f) 0.0010M acetic acid:

The ionization constant for acetic acid\(CH_{3}COOH\) is Ka = 1.8 × \(10^{-5}\)

\(CH_{3}COOH\) ⇌ \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) + \(H^{+}\)

0.0010                                        0.0010-x                                      x

Initial concentration of \(CH_{3}COOH\) is 0.0010 and the equilibrium concentration 0.0010 - x and x for \(CH_{3}COO^{-}\) and \(H^{+}\) respectively. Since the concentration of x is less than 5% of the initial concentration of acetic acid, we can assume that it is negligible. Hence, the percent ionization is (x/0.0010) × 100% = 1.3%.

Hence, the percent ionization of each solution is:a) 100%b) 1.8%c) 100%d) 1.3%e) 100%f) 1.3%.

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The percentage of light that gets through Unpolarized light is 12.5%

A light wave that is vibrating in more than one plane is referred to as unpolarized light is called unpolarized light.

The General  formula  of unpolarized light is:

I transmitted = I0<cos2θ>all angles = ½I0.----------------(1)

Here we have to find I3/Io

Considering the I1 for the taking the value 0° and substitute in equation(1) we get

I1=1/2Io---------(2)

Next, we have to consider another value θ=45°, and substitute in equation(1) we get the I2 value.

I2=I1cos^2(45°-0)

I2=I1cos^2(45°)--------------(3)

Next, consider the last value  θ=90° and the substitute in equation(1),we get:

I3=I2cos^2(90°-45°)

I3=I2cos^2(45°)-----------(4)

I3=I2cos^2(45°)

   =I1cos^4(45°)

    =1/2Iocos^4(45°)

I3/Io=0.125

I3/Io=12.5%

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Answer:

uhm I think it would be letter C. 0.589

Answer:

Ice wedging

Explanation:

The rocks crack fill with water and then expand

The effects of a catalyst on a chemical reaction are to react with the product, effectively removing it and shifting the equilibrium to the right. The given statement is False.

Catalysts are substances that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction to occur, with lower activation energy. This allows more reactant molecules to overcome the energy barrier and form products in a shorter amount of time. Catalysts do not change the thermodynamics of the reaction, which means that they do not affect the equilibrium position of the reaction. Therefore, they cannot shift their reaction to the right or the left, and they do not consume any of the products. Catalysts can be used in a wide range of chemical reactions, from industrial processes such as the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis to biological reactions such as enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the human body. By providing a more efficient and selective way to carry out chemical transformations, catalysts play a critical role in modern chemistry and are essential to many industrial processes.

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Answer:

498 g

0.498 kg

Explanation:

Answer:

4.498 kg

1.47

35.0

51.5

Explanation:

Answer:

All of the above

Explanation:

The reaction which happens inside the beaker is given by

∆represents heat

The reaction is an exothermic reaction and it releases heat to the surroundings

a. Therefore, the standard Gibbs free energy for the reaction is -1175 kJ.

b. Therefore, the Gibbs free energy for the reaction at 5958 K is -1191.4 kJ.

c. Therefore, the forward and reverse corrosion reactions are in equilibrium at 5545 K.

A) The standard Gibbs free energy for the reaction is given by the equation:

ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn

where ΔH°rxn = -1204 kJ and ΔS°rxn = -217.1 J/K.

Converting ΔS°rxn to kJ/K gives -0.2171 kJ/K.

Substituting the values into the equation gives:

ΔG°rxn = (-1204 kJ) - (298 K)(-0.2171 kJ/K) = -1175 kJ

Therefore, the standard Gibbs free energy for the reaction is -1175 kJ.

B) To find the Gibbs free energy for the reaction at 5958 K, we use the equation:

ΔGrxn = ΔHrxn - TΔSrxn

where ΔHrxn and ΔSrxn are assumed to be constant, and T = 5958 K.

Substituting the values into the equation gives:

ΔGrxn = (-1204 kJ) - (5958 K)(-0.2171 kJ/K) = -1191.4 kJ

Therefore, the Gibbs free energy for the reaction at 5958 K is -1191.4 kJ.

C) At equilibrium, ΔG°rxn = 0. Therefore, we can rearrange the equation from part A to solve for the equilibrium temperature (Teq):

Teq = ΔH°rxn / ΔS°rxn

Substituting the values gives:

Teq = (-1204 kJ) / (-0.2171 kJ/K) = 5545 K

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