When pentane(C5H12) reacts with oxygen, carbon dixoide and water is produced.

If 18.7 grams of pentane is burned, what mass of carbon dioxide is produced?

a) The saturated solubility level of KCl (aq) at 40°C is 35.7 g/100 mL of water.

b) No, the solution would not be saturated at 90°C. At this temperature, the solubility of KCl in water is higher than at 40°C. Therefore, more KCl can dissolve in 100 g of water at 90°C than at 40°C. To determine if the solution is saturated, we need to compare the amount of KCl that actually dissolved in the water to the maximum amount of KCl that can dissolve in the water at that temperature. If the amount of KCl that dissolved is less than the maximum amount, then the solution is unsaturated. If the amount of KCl that dissolved is equal to the maximum amount, then the solution is saturated. If the amount of KCl that dissolved is greater than the maximum amount, then the solution is supersaturated.

c) Two ways in which saturation can be achieved if only 40 g of KCl is added to 100 g of water at 90°C are:

i) Heating the solution to a higher temperature: As the temperature of the solution is increased, the solubility of KCl in water also increases. Therefore, by heating the solution to a higher temperature than 90°C, more KCl can be dissolved in the water until the solution becomes saturated.

ii) Allowing the solution to cool slowly: If the solutionis heated to a temperature higher than 90°C and then allowed to cool slowly, the solubility of KCl in water decreases as the temperature decreases. This means that as the solution cools, KCl will begin to precipitate out of the solution until the solution becomes saturated. Alternatively, if the solution is left undisturbed at 90°C and allowed to cool slowly, KCl will begin to precipitate out of the solution as it reaches its saturation point.

As that liquid water is further heated, it evaporates and becomes a gas—water vapor.

When a liquid transitions from the liquid phase to the gas phase, evaporation, a sort of vaporization, takes place on the liquid's surface. High concentrations of the evaporating substance in the surrounding gas considerably slow down evaporation, as is the case when humidity impacts the rate of water evaporation.

The way that the liquid's molecules clash determines how much energy is transferred to one another. In order to leave and enter the surrounding air as a gas, a molecule close to the surface must absorb enough energy to outperform the vapor pressure. Evaporative cooling is the process of reducing a liquid's temperature as a result of evaporation, which removes energy from the evaporated liquid.

The majority of the liquid's molecules only hold a small portion of the heat energy needed.

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Explanation:

for example, one gene will code for the protein insulin, which is important role in helping your body to control the amount of sugar in your blood. Genes are the basic unit of genetics. Human beings have 20,000 to 25,000 genes.

Answer:

\(\Delta S_{source}>-1.204\frac{kJ}{K}\)

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, given the initial conditions, we first use the 10-% quality to compute the initial entropy:

\(s_1=s_{f,175kPa}+q*s_{fg,175kPa}\\\\s_1=1.4850\frac{kJ}{kg*K} +0.1*5.6865\frac{kJ}{kg*K}=2.0537\frac{kJ}{kg*K}\)

Now the entropy at the final state given the new 40-% quality:

\(s_2=s_{f,150kPa}+q*s_{fg,150kPa}\\\\s_2=1.4337\frac{kJ}{kg*K} +0.4*5.7894\frac{kJ}{kg*K}=3.7495\frac{kJ}{kg*K}\)

Next step is to compute the mass of steam given the specific volume of steam at 175 kPa and the 10% quality:

\(m_1=\frac{0.028m^3}{(0.001057+0.1*1.002643)\frac{m^3}{kg} } =0.274kg\\\\m_2=\frac{0.028m^3}{(0.001053+0.4*1.158347)\frac{m^3}{kg} } =0.0603kg\)

Then, we can write the entropy balance:

\(\Delta S_{source}+\frac{Q}{T_1} -\frac{Q}{T_2} +s_2m_2-s_1m_1-s_{fg}(m_2-m_1)>0\)

Whereas sfg stands for the entropy of the leaving steam to hold the pressure at 150 kPa and must be greater than 0; thus we plug in:

Which is such minimum entropy change of the heat-supplying source.

Best regards!

Explanation:

from E = mc^2 and de Broglie wavelength=h/mc

combine the eqns with respect to m(considering the body is moving with the speed of light(c))

then

E= hc/de Broglie wavelength

since, c= 3× 10^ 8

h= 6.626 × 10^ -34 and E is given, substitute the values.

sorry I don't have my calculator.

Answer:

Thermal engery comes from heat engery

Thermal energy comes from the kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules that make up the matter.

The phrases molecule, compound, even atom might be difficult to understand! Here's a description of what a molecular is (and isn't) as well as some examples of typical molecules. Molecules are formed when a number of atoms create chemical bonds. It makes no difference whether the atoms are identical or different.

Compounds are molecules composed of two or even more elements. Water, calcium oxide, as well as glucose are examples of molecules that combine. Not that all molecules are compounds; not all compounds are molecules. Thermal energy comes from the kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules that make up the matter.

Therefore, thermal energy comes from the kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules that make up the matter.

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The volume of carbon dioxide forms when 0.525 g of calcium carbonate reacts at 101 kPa and 25°C is equal to 0.128 L.

The ideal gas equation can be defined as an equation that describes the state of an ideal gas. The mathematical form of the ideal gas equation is as follows:

PV = nRT

Where n is the moles, R is the gas constant, V is the volume, and P is the pressure.

Given the reaction of HCl and calcium carbonate:

\(CaCO_3 +2HCl\longrightarrow CaCl_2 +CO_2 +H_2O\)

Given the mass of the calcium carbonate = 0.525 g

The moles of CaCO₃ = Moles of CO₂ = 0.525/100 = 0.00525

The temperature of the reaction, T =  25° C = 298 K

The pressure of the reaction, P = 1 atm

Fill in the values n, R, P, and T in the equation, and we get:

1 × V = 0.00525 × 0.082 × 298

V = 0.128 L

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

In 1909 Ernest Rutherford proposed to Geiger and Marsden to conduct an experiment in which they would have to launch alpha particles from a radioactive source against a gold foil a few atoms thick.

The aim of the experiment was to corroborate Rutherford's idea that the particles would pass through the metal foil with little deviation.

Rutherford's interpretation of the experimental results gave rise to a new atomic model, and concluded that the mass of the atom was concentrated in a small region of positive charges that impeded the passage of alpha particles. He suggested a new model in which the atom had a nucleus or center in which the mass and the positive charge are concentrated, and that in the extra nuclear zone are the negatively charged electrons.

Answer:

Below

Explanation:

Each liter contains .591 moles

   each mole is 6.02 x 10^23 particles

.591   x   6.02 x 10^23  = 3.56 x 10^23 particles

Answer:

the anser is c

Explanation:

Answer:

ok, here is your answer

Explanation:

AI-generated answer

To find the mass of oxygen that reacted, we need to use the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that in a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.

First, we need to find the number of moles of hydrogen that reacted:

Molar mass of hydrogen (H₂) = 2.016 g/mol

Number of moles of H₂ = mass/molar mass = 46.2 g/2.016 g/mol = 22.92 mol

Next, we need to use the balanced chemical equation to find the number of moles of water produced:

hydrogen + oxygen → water

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

From the equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of H₂, 1 mole of O₂ is required to produce 2 moles of H₂O. Therefore, the number of moles of O₂ required to produce 22.92 moles of H₂O is:

Number of moles of O₂ = 1/2 x 22.92 mol = 11.46 mol

Finally, we can find the mass of oxygen that reacted by using its molar mass:

Molar mass of oxygen (O₂) = 32.00 g/mol

Mass of oxygen = number of moles x molar mass = 11.46 mol x 32.00 g/mol = 366.72 g

Therefore, the mass of oxygen that reacted is 366.72 g.

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is given as;

2CH3CHO + O2 → 2CH3COOH  

If 20.0 g CH3CHO and 10.0 g O2 were put into a reaction vessel, (a)

how many grams of acetic acid will be produced?

First thing's first, we have to find he limiting reactant. This is done by comparing the number of moles of the reactants.

From the equation of the reaction;

2 mol of CH3CHO reacts with 1 mol of O2

From the masses given;

Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

CH3CHO;

Number of moles = 20 / 44.0526 = 0.454 mol

O2;

Number of moles = 10 / 32 = 0.3125 mol

The limiting reactant is CH3CHO because O2 would be in excess.

Back to the question;

2 mol of CH3CHO produces 2 mol of CH3COOH  

0.454 mol would produce x

Solving for x;

x = 0.454 * 2 / 2 = 0.454 mol

Converting to mass;

Mass = number of moles* Molar mass

Mass = 0.454 mol *  60.052 g/mol = 27.26 grams

(b) how many grams of the excess reactant remain after the reaction is

complete

The excess reactant is O2

Number of moles left = Initial Number of moles - Number of moles that reacted

Number of moles left =  0.3125 mol - (0.454 mol / 2)

Number of moles left = 0.0855 mol

Converting to mass;

Mass = 0.0855 mol * 32 g/mol = 2.736 grams

The specific heat of the metal can be calculated using calorimetric equation. The specific heat of the metal here is 0.61 J/g °C.

The specific heat capacity of  substance is the heat energy required to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius per one gram  of the substance.

The calorimetric equation connecting the heat energy q, mass m, specific heat c and temperature difference ΔT is:

q = m c  ΔT

Here, the heat released from the metal is equal to the heat absorbed by water.

Therefore,

q metal = q water. Let c  be the specific heat of the metal.

25 g  × ( 99 - 20.15°C) ×c = 50 g  × ( 20.15°C- 14.33) × 4.18 J/g °C

                                         = 1217.5 J

Then c = 1217.5 J/25 g  × ( 99 - 20.15°C)  = 0.61 J/g °C.

Therefore, the specific heat of the metal is 0.61 J/g °C.

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The new volume \(V_{2}\)) of the gas is approximately 1710 L when the temperature changes from 42 ∘C to 94 ∘C, assuming no change in pressure or amount of gas.

What is Temperature?

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, such as a gas, liquid, or solid. It is commonly measured in Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K) scales. Temperature determines the direction of heat transfer, which is the movement of energy between substances due to a temperature difference.

To use the ideal gas law, we need to convert the temperatures to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to each:

\(T_{1}\) = 42 + 273.15 = 315.15 K

\(T_{2}\)= 94 + 273.15 = 367.15 K

Since the pressure, amount of gas, and ideal gas constant remain constant in this problem, we can set up the following ratio:

(\(V_{1}\) / \(T_{1}\)) = (\(V_{2}\)/ \(T_{2}\))

Plugging in the values:

(1.47 ×\(10^{3}\)L / 315.15 K) = (\(V_{2}\) / 367.15 K)

Now we can solve for \(V_{2}\):

\(V_{2}\) = 1.47×\(10^{3}\) L * 367.15 K / 315.15 K

\(V_{2}\)≈ 1710 L (rounded to three significant figures)

Therefore, the new volume (V2) of the gas is approximately 1710 L when the temperature changes from 42 ∘C to 94 ∘C, assuming no change in pressure or amount of gas.

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Answer:

40.32 grams of solute required for the preparation of 1.5L of 0.32M NaHCO₃

Explanation:

Molar concentration or molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute present in one liter of solution.

Molarity is calculated by the expression:

\(Molarity=\frac{number of moles of solute}{volume}\)

Molarity is expressed in units \(\frac{moles}{liter}\).

In this case:

Replacing:

\(0.32 M=\frac{number of moles of solute}{1.5 L}\)

Solving:

number of moles of solute= 0.32 M* 1.5 L

number of moles of solute= 0.48 moles

Being the molar weight of NaHCO₃ equal to 84 g / mole, the following rule of three can be applied: if there are 84 grams in 1 mole, how much mass is there in 0.48 moles?

\(mass=\frac{0.48 moles*84 grams}{1 mole}\)

mass= 40.32 grams

40.32 grams of solute required for the preparation of 1.5L of 0.32M NaHCO₃

There are numerous ways to determine whether lead is present in an ore. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is a popular approach. With this method, an ore sample is dissolved in acid and then atomized in a flame or plasma.

The sample's atoms will absorb light at particular wavelengths that are peculiar to the element under investigation. The amount of light absorbed can be used to calculate how much lead is present in the sample. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy are further techniques. It is crucial to remember that these procedures call for specialized tools and training, thus they ought to only be carried out in a lab by qualified experts.

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The O- group is a special type of oxygen-containing functional group called an ether. The oxygen atom of the ether group is bonded to two carbon atoms, so the IR absorption frequency for this functional.

Carbon atoms are the basic building blocks of organic molecules and are essential to all known forms of life. Carbon atoms are a unique element because they have the ability to form strong bonds with other elements, such as hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. This allows them to form an incredibly wide variety of molecules, from simple sugars to complex proteins.

1. Ethanol (Alcohol): C3H6O

Functional Group: OH (Hydroxyl), IR Absorption Frequency: 3350 cm-1

2. Acetone (Ketone): C3H6O

Functional Group: C=O (Carbonyl), IR Absorption Frequency: 1715 cm-1

3. 2-Propanol (Alcohol): C3H6O

Functional Group: OH (Hydroxyl), IR Absorption Frequency: 3350 cm-1

4. Dimethyl Ether (Ether): C3H6O

Functional Group: O- (Ether), IR Absorption Frequency: 1090 cm-1

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The enthalpy tell us about the heat that may be absorbed or evolved in a reaction. The ethalpy of this reaction is -100 kJ/mol.

The term enthalpy deals with the heat that is absorbed or emitted in a reaction. The reaction equation is; HNO3 + KOH ----> KNO3 + H2O

Number of moles of HNO3 = 0.5 M * 50/1000 L = 0.025 moles

Number of moles of KOH= 0.5 M * 50/1000 L = 0.025 moles

Since the reaction is 1:1, then heat evolved = - (2500 J * 10^-3)/0.025 moles

= -100 kJ/mol

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Answer:

2 moles

Explanation:

From periodic table , mole weight of CH4 = 16 gm/mole

32 gm / 16 gm/mole = 2 moles

Answer: 55.5 oC is 0.014 atm (3rd decimal point)

Explanation:

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is given as:

ln(P2/P1) = -(ΔH_vap/R) * (1/T2 - 1/T1)

where:

P1 = vapor pressure at temperature T1

P2 = vapor pressure at temperature T2

ΔH_vap = enthalpy of vaporization

R = gas constant = 8.314 J/(mol*K)

Converting the enthalpy of vaporization to J/mol:

ΔH_vap = 35.2 kJ/mol = 35,200 J/mol

Converting temperatures to Kelvin:

T1 = 64.7 + 273.15 = 337.85 K

T2 = 55.5 + 273.15 = 328.65 K

Substituting the values into the equation and solving for P2:

ln(P2/1 atm) = -(35,200 J/mol / 8.314 J/(mol*K)) * (1/328.65 K - 1/337.85 K)

ln(P2/1 atm) = -4.231

P2/1 atm = e^(-4.231)

P2 = 0.014 atm

Therefore, the vapor pressure for methanol at 55.5 oC is 0.014 atm, to the third decimal point.

Explanation:

The weight of water vapor can be determined by using the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas to the number of moles of gas present. We can then use the molar mass of water to calculate the weight of the water vapor.

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273.15 K. The ideal gas law is expressed as:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure in atmospheres, V is the volume in liters, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/mol·K), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Rearranging this equation to solve for n, we have:

n = PV/RT

Substituting the values we know, we get:

n = (1 atm)(2.80 L) / (0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(273.15 K)

n = 0.1082 mol

The molar mass of water is 18.01528 g/mol, so the weight of the water vapor is:

weight = n x molar mass

weight = 0.1082 mol x 18.01528 g/mol

weight = 1.952 g

Therefore, the weight of the water vapor is 1.952 g.

Exothermic reactions only release thermal energy, raising the temperature of the immediate environment. The environment is cooled through an endothermic process that absorbs heat.

An exothermic process is one in which energy is given off as heat or light. In contrast to an endothermic process, which draws energy from its surroundings, an exothermic reaction transfers energy into the environment.

The most exothermic reaction is the burning of methane because it generates a significant quantity of heat.

Thus, Exothermic reactions only release thermal energy.

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According to the information provided, there are 8.601024 8.60 10 -24 ammonia molecules in a solution of water and ammonia (NH3 N H 3). The total number of hydrogen atoms inside the solution is 1.06 1026.

Water has the chemical formula H2O, which stands for two moles of hydrogen and one mole for oxygen. Consequently, there are two moles of hydrogen in a single water molecule. 18 g if water will have 1 x 12.046 1023 = 12.046 1023 hydrogen atoms.

According to Avogadro's number, there's many 6.022 x 1023 water molecules in a mole of water. After determining that a drop of water has 0.002775 moles, we can now calculate how so many molecules are present in it: molecules inside a water drop Equal (6.022 x 1023 particles) x 0.002275 moles.

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Answer:

Freezing point: 32 ºF (0ºC)

Melting point: 32 ºF (0ºC)

Boiling point: 203°F (95°C)

Explanation:

At the boiling point, the vapor pressure of a liquid  equals the external pressure. The normal melting point and boiling point of water at 1 atm are 0°C and 100°C, respectively. Decreasing the pressure under 1 atm (what happens when we are at high altitudes) will lower the boiling point since the external pressure will be lower, and it will become equal with the vapor pressure at a lower temperature.

However, the melting point and freezing point will stay unaffected since they don't depend on air-pressure; so at 0 or 5000 meters they will still be 0°C (remember that, since water is a pure substance, the freezing and melting points will be the same).

The particle decay process described as 226 88 Ra → 222 Rn + He 86 involves the emission of a helium nucleus (He), which consists of two protons and two neutrons. This type of emission is known as alpha decay. Option A.

Alpha decay occurs when a radioactive nucleus releases an alpha particle, resulting in the emission of high-energy helium nuclei. In this case, the radium-226 (Ra) nucleus decays into radon-222 (Rn) by emitting an alpha particle. The resulting helium nucleus (He) is the emitted alpha particle.

Alpha particles have a positive charge and are relatively large and heavy. They are composed of two protons and two neutrons, which gives them a helium-like structure. Due to their size and charge, alpha particles have limited penetrating power and are typically stopped by a few centimeters of air or a sheet of paper.

Therefore, the correct answer A.  alpha radiation.

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Answer:

D unbalanced force

Explanation:

i think

A type of fossil fuel,known as Tar stands.

A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material formed naturally in to  the Earth's crust from to the  remains of dead plants and animals and birds that is the  extracted and burned as thr  a fuel. The main fossil  fuels are mainly coal, oil, and natural gas.

Tar sands are a combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen, which is a heavy hydrocarbon. Like the  kerogen in oil shale, tar sands' bitumen can be upgraded to synthetic crude oil.

So answer is tar sands.

These include tar sands – deposits of moist sand and it is  clay with 1-2 percent  bitumen (thick and heavy are  petroleum rich in the  carbon and poor in the  hydrogen). These are the  removed by strip mining in the  (see section below on coal)

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Answer:

.2sb

Explanation:

according to my mind its the percentage of the question

Answer:

childhood trauma.

Explanation:

I took the test and the answer i got correct was Childhood trauma.