which of the following groups have had notable political success by litigating in federal courts? a. civil rights groups b. public employee interest groups c. chemical company lobbyists d. professional groups

Answers

Answer 1

The law ought to apply equally to all individuals who are regarded as citizens of a nation. Different civil rights movements have occurred throughout history.

What groups were involved in the civil rights movement?

In order to end institutionalised racial segregation, discrimination, and racial disenfranchisement nationwide, the civil rights movement was a political movement and campaign in the United States from 1954 to 1968.

The Latin phrase "ius civis" means "rights of a citizen," and the word "civil rights" is derived from it. The law ought to apply equally to all individuals who are regarded as citizens of a nation. Different civil rights movements have occurred throughout history.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) (SNCC).

Civil rights include things like the right to vote, the right to a fair trial, the right to government assistance, the right to a free public education, and the freedom to uti

lise public spaces.

Therefore, the answer is option a) civil rights groups.

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Related Questions

Continue the following sentence into an elaborated statement about social theories in research. In your answer, include the different theories in the social perspectives on accounting module, their differences and how they could be used in a research context.

Social theory helps me to

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Social theory helps me to understand and analyze the complex social dynamics that shape accounting practices and processes.

In the social perspectives on accounting module, various theories provide different lenses through which to examine accounting phenomena. For example, the critical theory emphasizes power dynamics and social inequalities inherent in accounting systems, highlighting issues of social justice and challenging existing structures. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meaning and interpretation of accounting symbols in social interactions. Institutional theory examines how social norms and institutional pressures shape accounting practices within organizations. These theories can be used in a research context to investigate topics such as corporate social responsibility, financial reporting practices, and the role of accounting in organizational decision-making. By applying these theories, researchers can gain insights into the social aspects of accounting and contribute to a deeper understanding of the field.

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a person is master creator of mass media deciptions of sexuality. if their productions are typical , they are mostl ikley inteded to

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If a person is a master creator of mass media descriptions of sexuality and their productions are typical, they are mostly intended to reinforce traditional gender roles and heteronormativity.

Heteronormativity is the belief that heterosexuality is the default or "normal" sexual orientation and that gender is strictly binary, with only two distinct and opposite categories: male and female. This worldview has been perpetuated throughout history by mass media and popular culture, which has frequently portrayed heterosexual relationships as the only legitimate and desirable type of intimate partnership. This portrayal has often been reinforced by rigid gender roles that prescribe specific behaviors and characteristics for men and women.

The person in question is likely to reinforce heteronormativity and traditional gender roles in their mass media productions. This can be seen in their typical depictions of sexuality, which may involve heterosexual relationships that conform to gender norms and stereotypes. These depictions can have harmful effects on individuals who do not conform to these norms, particularly members of the LGBTQ+ community, who may feel excluded or marginalized by these representations. In conclusion, it is important for creators of mass media content to consider the impact of their work on individuals from diverse backgrounds and to strive for more inclusive and representative depictions of sexuality and gender.

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What are the causes and effects of racism?

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Answer:

..............mmmmmmmmm

School Discipline:

Cause: Racial bias in school leaders and teachers affects how they engage with students. Learned negative stereotypes dictate how we engage with different racial groups. For students this can impact how a teacher perceives their learning ability, engagement in school activities and how they might interpret student behavior choices.

Effect: According to the US Government Accountability Office Report on Discipline Disparities, black students are disproportionately suspended in schools across the country. These same students are more likely to be truant or become transient students within the district. If a teacher believes negative stereotypes about a student, then they are more likely to punish them for small non-violent offenses. As school disciplinary action increases, students miss increasing amounts of instruction.

School Funding

Cause: School funding and resources are linked to state and local resources. There are instances where students from low-income or under-resourced schools are choosing to enroll in specialized well-resourced schools. The lack of school resources are an indication of how racially biased policies underserve certain communities. This happens through housing policies that inform school zoning and have led to a response of implementing magnet programs or busing policies.

Effect: The lack of sufficient resources and underfunding directly impacts academic achievement. Historically, black and brown students who have attended poorly funded schools also have had inadequate learning opportunities. This contributes to the achievement gap which highlights the vast differences in academic performance across racial lines. It is evident that years of being underserved in subpar conditions impacts outcomes. If we fund schools inequitably, then we continue to perpetuate the racially biased housing and funding policies that caused the initial resource issue.

School Security

Cause: Negative stereotypes about black and brown students are exacerbated through the media. There are often pictures and clips that portray these young people as violent or aggressive. For example, I read an article of white students busting windows of cars, starting fires and trashing a college campus after a collegiate basketball game win and it was described as a “celebration”. A similar image was shown with a group of black students protesting campus policies with signs, standing on cars and that was described as a “riot”. The photo with balck students included a caption that raised safety concerns for the general public and encouraged college campuses to increase security and disciplinary action, where the photo of white students did not. This narrative only reinforces the negative stereotype of black and brown youth as threatening or unsafe members of our community.

Effect: Whether school leadership is aware of it or not, these images are subconsciously informing how decisions are made. In this case, there are school leaders who institute security measures in their schools under the notion that they are increasing safety. The question is, who is it they believe to be unsafe? This sends a negative message to students about who they are and how they are perceived while also perpetuating a societal message that they are feared.

well i will not be 1 uped but 2 times sure but not by 1

Answers

Answer:

im up = down

Explanation:

Describe the characteristics of mount Kilimanjaro, including its climate.

Answers

Mount Kilimanjaro is a majestic mountain located in northeastern Tanzania, near the border with Kenya. It is the highest peak in Africa, standing at approximately 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) above sea level. The mountain is a dormant stratovolcano composed of three distinct volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Each cone offers unique features and landscapes.

One of the remarkable characteristics of Mount Kilimanjaro is its diverse climate zones. The mountain spans several ecological zones, including tropical rainforest, heath and moorland, alpine desert, and the glacial summit. As climbers ascend the mountain, they traverse through these distinct climate zones, each with its own unique vegetation and weather patterns. The lower slopes are covered in lush rainforests with a warm and humid climate, supporting a variety of plant and animal species. As climbers reach higher altitudes, the landscape transitions into moorland and alpine desert, characterized by drier conditions and sparse vegetation. Near the summit, the climate becomes extremely cold and inhospitable, with snow and ice covering the peaks.

The climate on Mount Kilimanjaro is influenced by its proximity to the equator and its elevation. Generally, the mountain experiences two rainy seasons, from March to May and from November to December, with precipitation decreasing as climbers ascend. Temperatures vary depending on the altitude and time of day. At the lower slopes, temperatures can range from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F), while at the summit, they can drop to well below freezing, reaching as low as -20°C (-4°F) or even lower.

The unique climate and ecological zones of Mount Kilimanjaro contribute to its rich biodiversity. The mountain is home to a wide range of flora and fauna, including endemic plant species, birds, mammals, and insects. Despite the challenges posed by the harsh climate and high altitude, Kilimanjaro continues to attract adventurers and nature enthusiasts from around the world, offering them a truly awe-inspiring and diverse natural environment to explore.

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Is King tut deserving of his status is the best known Egyptian ruler?

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King Tut is an important figure in Egyptian history and has long been a subject of interest for archaeologists and the general public. However, whether or not he deserves the title of the best-known Egyptian ruler is debatable.

The fame of King Tut stems largely from the discovery of his tomb in the Valley of the Kings by archaeologist Howard Carter in 1922. The tomb was mostly intact, which was a rarity in Egyptian archaeology, and contained a vast collection of valuable artifacts. This discovery caused a sensation and brought King Tut to the attention of the world.The reason why King Tut has become so famous is partly due to the fact that he was a relatively unknown ruler. He came to the throne as a child and reigned for only ten years before dying at the age of 18 or 19. His father, Akhenaten, had tried to introduce monotheism to Egypt, which was deeply unpopular, and Tutankhamun's reign was largely dedicated to returning Egypt to its polytheistic roots.

Because of his youth and short reign, King Tut didn't have the chance to make a significant impact on Egyptian society or leave behind a substantial legacy. However, the discovery of his tomb and the beautiful treasures it contained have ensured that he will remain one of the best-known figures of Ancient Egypt.However, there are many other Egyptian rulers who had a greater impact on Egyptian history than King Tut.

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What is emphasized in a confederate system of government?

HELP ASAP

Answers

Answer:

Confederate systems assign major authority to regional administrations rather than the central government or a single leader.

Explanation:

since the 1950s, the _____ has made higher education or speciallized training increasingly essential.

Answers

Since the 1950s, higher education or specialized training has become more and more important due to the development of technology and the transition to a knowledge-based economy.

Technology has advanced quickly over the world since the 1950s, especially in the areas of science, engineering, and information technology. Because of these developments, there has been a move towards a knowledge-based economy, where the production and sharing of knowledge are considered the main engine of prosperity and economic growth.

As a result, low-skilled employment and traditional manufacturing have declined in popularity, while jobs requiring high technical skills and knowledge have increased in demand.

To develop the abilities and knowledge necessary for these technical occupations, one must pursue further education or specialized training. A bachelor's or higher-level degree is frequently needed to be even considered for a job in these disciplines.

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suppose a state believes that it does not have to obey a federal law, because the law exceeds the national government's authority. what is this belief called?

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The belief of nullification is illustrated when a state believes that it does not have to obey a federal law because the law exceeds the national government's authority.

What is a nullification?

It means the theory that holds that the state has the right to nullify or invalidate any federal laws which that state has deemed unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution.

Hence, this belief is also illustrated when a state believes that it does not have to obey a federal law because the law exceeds the national government's authority.

Answers

It should be noted that state law requires that scuba divers and snorkelers to display a divers-down warning device when in water.

What are state laws?

It should be noted that state laws simply mean the law of the state that's distinguished from the law of the federation.

In this case, state law requires that scuba divers and snorkelers to display a divers-down warning device when in water.

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hey who was Babur ?

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Answer:

He was the founder of the Mughal Empire and first Emperor of the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent.

one government action that can be taken to protect domestic industry from inexpensive foreign goods includes ____

Answers

One government action that can be taken to protect domestic industry from inexpensive foreign goods includes protectionist policies.

Tariffs are import tariffs. They essentially boost the pricing of such imports, giving domestic firms an advantage in the same markets. Tariffs are often imposed by governments to assist domestic businesses or, in certain cases, to penalise foreign rivals for unfair trade practises.

Import protection had two forms. Tariffs are a charge on imported goods that makes them more costly and discourages their usage; quotas limit the amount of items that may be imported. The import substitution strategy shields native industries from international competition.

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What were some of the important limitations to the progress made during this era?

Answers

Answer:

Reflect and Discuss

Before examining the legacies of the Reconstruction era, it is important to introduce students to the idea of democracy as an ongoing process. Ask students to reflect in their journals on the following quotation from federal judge William H. Hastie

Explanation:

two teenagers held up a gas station at gunpoint and ran off with a bag of money. the police saw them run into jill's apartment building where there are only four apartments off a common hall and no apparent way out of the building but the front door. the police knock on jill's door. she says she's the only one there. the police can:

Answers

If the police have a warrant or have Jill's permission to search the apartment, they are authorised to do so with probable cause. Under the idea of exigent circumstances,

A warrant may be issued by whom?

When the judge is certain that the facts supporting the application exist or when there is reason to believe they do, he must issue the warrant, which must essentially follow the Rules' specifications. Search warrants must be issued in duplicate and both must be signed by the judge.The individual against whom the warrant is obtained and served must receive a copy of it.Both copies of the warrant must specify the expiration date and state that it should be served throughout the day.

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Choose the answer that is most accurate and true. ___________ allows interactive visualization and collaboration over the web. A. CATIA c. CAD b. Architecture d. Landscape software Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D.

Answers

Answer:

A. CATIA

Explanation:

I took the test, Good Luck :)

Answer:

the answer is a

Explanation:

Helppppppp
What type of rulers are more likely to take advantage of the pandemic to grab more power? Democratic or authoritarian? Why?

Answers

answer:

authoritarian rulers

why?

because they are dictators & they are power hungry & greedy

hope this helped <3

In Yogacara Buddhism, the Alaya-Vijnana has been likened to what? Hallucinogens Shamanism Religion The Unconscious

Answers

In Yogacara Buddhism, the Alaya-Vijnana has been likened to the Unconscious. Option D is the correct answer.

Alaya-vijnana is a Sanskrit word that means "storehouse" or "repository." According to Yogacara Buddhism, Alaya is a storehouse or accumulation of all our karma, deeds, actions, and mental states that exist within our consciousness. This "store consciousness" stores all the imprints of past actions and experiences, and these imprints continue to impact our current behavior and perception.

In Yogacara Buddhism, the concept of Alaya-Vijnana was compared to the Unconscious or Subconscious of Western psychology. It has a deep impact on a person's mind and influences their perceptions, emotions, and behavior. The Alaya-Vijnana serves as the source of all sensory and mental experiences, and it provides the foundation for all cognitive and volitional activities.

The notion of Alaya-Vijnana enables Yogacara practitioners to recognize and understand their minds' intricacies and how mental patterns and concepts affect their behavior. The idea suggests that practitioners should cultivate awareness and self-reflection to better understand their true nature and increase their spiritual growth.

Thus, option D is the correct answer.

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Please help me on this! I’m giving 100 brainly points. If you can detail it more for me to understand as well. I would appreciate it thanks!

Plessy v. Ferguson -1896 Document

Question:
3. "We consider the underlying fallacy of the plaintiff's argument to consist in the assumption that the enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority."- If you were a lawyer, how would you counter this argument?

Answers

A lawyer will likely counter this argument by stating that there is no enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority.

What was the case of Plessy v. Ferguson?

The federal case stemmed from an 1892 incident in which African American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for Black people.

The ruling of the Supreme Court in this case upheld that the Louisiana state law allowed for "equal" but separate accommodations for the white and colored races."

The impact of this ruling was controversial because it set precedent that segregation was acceptable by law.

In conclusion, in this case, the lawyer will likely counter this argument by stating that there is no enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority.

Answers

Answer:

patronage system

Explanation:

Answer:

A group of poker-playing, men that were friends of President Warren Harding. ... Friends and political supporters of President Harding who were given ... was a military conference called by the administration of President Warren G. Harding and cabins which helped the older people get more jobs in the industry.

The chart above shows the progression of early colonial documents that influenced American ideals and values. Which of the following correctly completes the first (red) box?
A.
Magna Carta
B.
English Bill of Rights
C.
the charter for Jamestown
D.
Virginia Declaration of Rights

Answers

Answer:
The correct answer is C. The first red box is correctly completed by the Charter for Jamestown.
Explanation:
The First Charter of Virginia of 1606, also known as the Charter for Jamestown, was a document issued in 1606 by James I, regulating the settlement of the new lands in North America. Under it, a fourteen-person Royal Council was formed for Virginia, which took over the management of the areas stretching along the American coast between 34 and 45 parallel.

The answer is C (The Charter For Jamestown)

in a study of the effects of drinking coffee, some participants drank a decaf coffee that actually smelled and tasted like regular coffee. this decaf coffee was a

Answers

In a study of the effects of drinking coffee, some participants drank decaf coffee that actually smelled and tasted like regular coffee. This decaf coffee was designed to mimic the sensory experience of drinking regular coffee, without the caffeine content.

The study aimed to investigate whether the sensory cues of coffee, such as its aroma and taste, had any physiological or psychological effects on the participants. Decaf coffee contains antioxidants that help fight free radicals. This guard against conditions like Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Magnesium, which serves as a defence against diabetes, is also found in decaffeinated coffee.

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Discuss 2 ways in which nationalism can be demonstrated by citizen

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The notion and movement of nationalism asserts that the state and the country should coexist. As a political movement, nationalism frequently works to advance the interests of a particular country

Whenever the Philippine National Anthem is played, show reverence. We pay tribute to our ancestors in this song who gave their all to free our nation and nationalism, especially when it comes to preserving that country's sovereignty over its own territory.

John F. Kennedy once said, "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country." This clarifies that you must not just turn to the nation for services and aspirations, but that we must also serve.

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(30 points look at picture)

Which statement is correct based on the information the chart is showing

A) American’s interference with British ships helped to bring the nation closer to war

B) America has a better military than the British

C) the call of war was unanimous

D) America has a much similar in military than the British

Answers

The statement that is correct based on the information that chart is showing is America has a better military than the British. The Option B is correct.

What was the war of 1812?

The War of 1812, was an international battle fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America with a limited participation by Spain in Florida.

The war began when US declared war on 18 June 1812, although a peace terms were agreed upon in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent, did not officially end until the peace treaty was ratified by Congress on 17 February 1815.

Answers

Local, state, and federal governments typically develop and enforce subdivision restrictions. However, in order to control the tone and aesthetic of the subdivision, developers may decide to include restrictive covenants that have an impact on landscape and architectural design choices as well as restrict certain activities within the community boundaries.

A covenant is a solemn pledge to carry out or abstain from a particular activity in its broadest and most historical senses. A covenant was distinguishable from a regular contract under historical English common law by the presence of a seal. The common law would uphold a commitment even in the absence of consideration since the presence of a seal signified an exceptional solemnity in the promises made in a covenant.

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How consumers make choices is influenced by the personal, financial, and social significance of the decision being made. In other words, how they make choices is influenced by their level of ______.

Answers

How consumers make choices is influenced by the personal, financial, and social significance of the decision being made or by their level of involvement.

The level of involvement refers to the extent to which a consumer is personally, financially, and socially invested in a decision. It reflects the significance and importance placed on the decision-making process. The higher the level of involvement, the more engaged and motivated the consumer is in making a well-informed choice.

When a decision holds personal significance, such as purchasing a car or selecting a college, consumers tend to be highly involved. They invest time, effort, and resources to gather information, evaluate alternatives, and weigh the potential outcomes. Financially significant decisions, such as buying a house or making a major investment, also elicit high levels of involvement. Socially significant choices, like selecting a wedding venue or deciding on a gift for a loved one, can also generate heightened involvement due to the emotional and social implications.

The level of involvement influences consumer decision-making by shaping the cognitive and emotional processes involved. Highly involved consumers are more likely to engage in extensive information search, evaluate multiple options, consider different criteria, and engage in deliberative thinking.

Consumers' decision-making processes are influenced by their level of involvement, which reflects the personal, financial, and social significance they attribute to the decision. Understanding the level of involvement can help businesses and marketers tailor their strategies to effectively engage and address the specific needs and motivations of consumers during the decision-making journey. By recognizing and addressing the factors that drive involvement, marketers can better align their products, messages, and experiences to meet consumers' decision-making requirements.

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what do you mean by decentralization ?

Answers

Answer:

Decentralization—the transfer of authority and responsibility for public functions from the central government to subordinate or quasi-independent government organizations and/or the private sector—is a complex multifaceted concept.

Explanation:

What is the formula for finding the circumference of circle?

Answers

Answer:

Circumference of circle =

\(2\pi \: r\)

Answer:

\(\huge\boxed{Answer\hookleftarrow}\)

⇻ The circumference of the circle ⭕ is :- \(\large\bold{2πr}\)

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institutionalized competitive activities that involve rigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex physical skills by participants motivated by internal and external rewards

Answers

Sports is considered as an institutionalized competitive activity that involve rigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex physical skills by participants motivated by internal and external rewards.

Sports help one become mentally as well as physically powerful. Although there are many different definitions of sports, most academics concur that they are institutionalized competitive activities requiring significant physical effort or the use of highly sophisticated physical abilities by participants driven by both internal and external rewards.

By the time of Ancient Greece, a wide variety of sports had already been developed, and the military culture and the growth of sports in Greece had a significant influence on one another. As a result of how important sports had become to Greek culture, the Olympic Games were established, giving rise to the name "spectator sport."

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Question 1 (1 point)
The main idea of this passage is
O a
Ob
C
Much rain forest land is being deforested each year
Rain forests are interesting places.
Tropical rain forests are important to people and the earth.

Answers

The main idea of this passage is Tropical rain forests are important to people and the earth. Thus, option C is the correct option.

A rainforest is characterized by towering, largely evergreen trees and heavy rainfall. Some rainforests have existed in their current form for at least 70 million years, making them the oldest existing ecosystems on Earth. Despite only making up 6% of the Earth's surface, they contain more than half of the world's plant and animal species, making them extraordinarily varied and complex.

Except for Antarctica, every continent has thriving rainforests. The Amazon River in South America and the Congo River in Africa are both surrounded by some of the world's greatest jungles. Dense rainforest ecosystems may be found in areas of Australia and Southeast Asia's tropical islands.

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Probably the full question is:

Rainforests are often called the lungs of the planet for their role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, and increasing local humidity. Rainforests also stabilize the climate, house incredible amounts of plants and wildlife, and produce nourishing rainfall all around the planet.

What do I put I am so confused

Answers

The Differences and Similarities between a gray pine (conifer/gymnospe.rms), an apple, and the avocado tree is given below:

The Similarities:All three plants are vascular, meaning they have a system of vessels (xylem and phloem) that transport water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant.All three plants are seed-bearing, meaning they produce seeds for reproduction but do not produce flowers or fruits.All three plants are photosynthetic, meaning they use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds.All three plants have a life cycle that includes a seed, seedling, adult, and reproduction stage.

Differences:

A gray pine and apple tree are both woody perennial plants, meaning they have a woody stem that persists for more than one year, while an avocado tree is a perennial plant with a woody stem, but it is evergreen.Gray Pine is a gymnosperm, which means it has nak3d seeds, while apple and avocado trees are angiosperms which means they have their seeds enclosed in a fruit.Apple tree and avocado tree are both deciduous, meaning they lose their leaves during winter, while a gray pine is evergreen and retains its leaves throughout the year.Apple tree and avocado tree are fruiting plants that bear fruits while gray pine is a conifer that bears cones