Which of the following statements about the activated complex is true?
A. It is the lowest energy species in a reaction.
B. It can be isolated from a reaction.
C. It is highly stable.
D. It has partial bonds.
Answers
The statement that is true about the activated complex is (D) It has partial bonds. The activated complex, also known as the transition state, is a high-energy, short-lived species that forms during a chemical reaction.
It represents the peak of the energy barrier between reactants and products.
The activated complex is characterized by partial bonds, where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming. These partial bonds are in a state of high energy and instability.
The activated complex is not the lowest energy species in a reaction, it cannot be isolated because of its transient nature, and it is not highly stable due to its high energy content.
Therefore (D) It has partial bonds is the correct answer.
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Related Questions
which of the following has carboxylic acid derivatives listed in order of decreasing reactivity in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions? (most reactive>least reactive)
Answers
acetyl chloride > acetic anhydride > methyl acetate > acetamide is the correct order of decreasing reactivity in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions.
Nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction is the term used to describe this type of substitution reaction where the acyl molecule and nucleophilic acyl interact. The nucleophile and carbonyl molecules interact with one another in this reaction through an addition reaction. Based on the leaving group's state, which is influenced by the compounds' acidity, acyl compounds are reactive. Acetyl chloride > acetic anhydride > methyl acetate > acetamide is the decreasing order of reactivity for the acyl compounds.
The acyl chloride that comes from acetic acid is called acetyl chloride. This organic chemical is a member of the acid halide class. The liquid is volatile, colourless, and corrosive. Commonly abbreviated as AcCl, it has the following formula. A fuming liquid with a strong odour and a colourless to pale yellow hue is acetyl chloride. Both medications and insecticides are produced using it.
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Use the periodic table to compare the sizes of ionic radii with the corresponding atomic radii or other ionic radii. Choose from smaller and larger in the blanks below: A sodium cation is than a sodium atom. A phosphorus anion is than a phosphorus atom. A magnesium ion is than a sodium ion. A chlorine ion is than a phosphorus ion. A potassium ion is than a sodium ion.
Answers
Answer:smaller larger smaller smaller larger
Explanation:
Just took the test on edge
Answer:
smaller
larger
smaller
smaller
larger
Explanation:
on edge
Which of the following physical properties would tell you about an element's mass per unit volume ratio?
hardness
boiling point
crystalline shape
density
all of the above
Answers
Answer:
It's the density
If the absolute pressure of a gas is increased from 3 atm to 4 atm at constant volume, then the absolute temperature of the gas will increase by:
Answers
Considering the Gay-Lussac's law, if the absolute pressure of a gas is increased from 3 atm to 4 atm at constant volume, then the absolute temperature of the gas will increase by \(\frac{4}{3}\).
What is Gay-Lussac's lawGay-Lussac's law states that, as long as the volume of the container containing the gas is constant, as the temperature increases, the gas molecules move faster. Then the number of shocks against the walls increases, that is, the pressure increases. That is, the pressure of the gas is directly proportional to its temperature.
In summary, when there is a constant volume, with increasing temperature, the pressure of the gas increases. And when the temperature is decreased, gas pressure decreases.
Gay-Lussac's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:
\(\frac{P}{T} =k\)
Studying an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
\(\frac{P1}{T1} =\frac{P2}{T2}\)
Absolute temperature in this caseIn this case, you know:
P1= 3 atmP2= 4 atmReplacing in Gay-Lussac's law:
\(\frac{3 atm}{T1} =\frac{4 atm}{T2}\)
Solving:
\(T2\frac{3 atm}{T1} =4 atm\)
\(T2=\frac{4 atm}{\frac{3 atm}{T1} }\)
\(T2=\frac{4 atm}{3 atm }T1\)
\(T2=\frac{4 }{3 }T1\)
Finally, if the absolute pressure of a gas is increased from 3 atm to 4 atm at constant volume, then the absolute temperature of the gas will increase by \(\frac{4}{3}\).
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Both the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the Schrödinger wave equation
Selected Answer:
Answers:
a. led to locating an electron in an atom.
b. are based on Bohr's theory.
c. treat electrons as particles.
d. led to the concept of atomic orbitals.
Answers
Both the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the Schrödinger wave equation led to the concept of atomic orbitals, hence option D is correct.
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle claimed that it was impossible to know an electron's position and velocity at the same time. It gave rise to the notion that an electron would follow an orbital path, along which a general area could be identified.
It is defined as the presumption that a classical ensemble is susceptible to random momentum fluctuations of a strength that is dictated by and scales inversely with uncertainty in position.
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which best describes the partitioning of the alkene, the alcohol and the acid in the extraction mixture, which layer do they go into?
Answers
In general, the partitioning of an alkene, alcohol, and acid in an extraction mixture depends on their solubility and the nature of the solvent used.
Alkene: Alkenes are typically nonpolar or slightly polar compounds. In an extraction process, alkenes are more likely to partition into nonpolar solvents, such as organic solvents like diethyl ether or hexane. They will tend to form a separate layer in the extraction mixture known as the organic layer. Alcohol: Alcohols are polar compounds due to the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group. Their solubility depends on the length of the carbon chain and the polarity of the solvent. Lower molecular weight alcohols (such as methanol or ethanol) are more soluble in water, which is a polar solvent. Higher molecular weight alcohols may exhibit lower solubility in water and preferentially partition into the organic layer.
Acid: Acids can vary in their solubility depending on their strength and the solvent used. Strong acids, such as mineral acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid), are typically highly soluble in water due to their ionization. Weak organic acids may also be somewhat soluble in water. However, if the organic acid is relatively nonpolar, it may partition into the organic layer. It's important to note that the actual partitioning behavior can be influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, concentration, and the presence of other compounds. The choice of solvents and their polarity will determine the distribution of the alkene, alcohol, and acid between the aqueous and organic layers in an extraction process.
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Analysis
1. Organizing Results Group the white substances into two groups according
to their properties.
Answers
The properties of substances can be used to put the into groups.
Grouping of substancesIn chemistry, it is often necessary to put substances into groups based on similarity in their properties. This is what led to the idea of a periodic table of elements.
Similarly, when we have unknown substances, we can group them according to the similarities in their properties.
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please select all the true statements regarding energetically spontaneous processes. question 5 options: they decrease the free energy of the system. examples are processes that build large molecules from small ones. they decrease the capacity to do work. they increase the stability of the system. they do not increase the entropy of an isolated system
Answers
The true statements regarding energetically spontaneous processes are that they decrease the free energy of the system, they increase the stability of the system, and they do not increase the entropy of an isolated system.
Energetically spontaneous processes are processes that occur without the need for external input of energy. These processes are characterized by a decrease in the free energy of the system, which is the energy available to do work. An example of an energetically spontaneous process is the building of large molecules from small ones.
This process is spontaneous because the large molecules have lower free energy than the small ones. Additionally, energetically spontaneous processes increase the stability of the system and do not increase the entropy of an isolated system. The entropy is a measure of disorder and disorder of a closed system is constant. Therefore if the entropy of an isolated system is not increased, it means the disorder of the system is not increased.
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How does the conductivity of metalloids compare to the conductivity of metals and nonmetals?
Metalloids conduct electricity better than metals, but not as well as nonmetals.
Metals, metalloids, and nonmetals all have the same level of conductivity.
Metalloids conduct electricity better than nonmetals, but not as well as metals.
Metalloids cannot conduct electricity.
Answers
The conductivity of metalloids can be compared to the conductivity of metals and nonmetals because metalloids conduct electricity better than nonmetals, but not as well as metals (Option C).
What are metalloids?The expression metalloids is a term used to denote chemical elements that have features resembling metals such as an acceptable electrical conductivity, but they are not metals (e.g. boron, germanium, antimony, arsenic, polonium, etc).
Therefore, with this data, we can see that metalloids are similar to metals in electrical conductivity but they are not metals because they do not fit all properties of metals.
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The half-reaction at the cathode in an electrochemical cell is given below. What other half-reaction would most likely occur at the anode to produce a spontaneous reaction?
Ni^2(aq)+2e-=Ni(s)
A. Cu(s)=Cu^2+(aq)+2e-
B. Zn(s)=Zn^2+(aq)+2e-
C. Mg^2+(aq)+2e-=Mg(s)
D. Ni(s)=Ni^2+(aq)+2e-
Answers
The half-reaction is Zn → Zn⁺² + 2e⁻ which is most likely occur at the anode to produce a spontaneous reaction.
Hence, option (B) is correct answer.
What is Spontaneous Reaction ?A reaction which occurs without the intervention of outside is called Spontaneous reaction. The reaction is Spontaneous when the Δ G < 0 and \(E^{\circ}_{\text{cell}}\) > 0.
What is Cathode and Anode ?Cathode where the reduction occurs. Anode where the oxidation take place.
Cathode: Ni⁺² + 2e⁻ → Ni
Anode: Zn → Zn⁺² + 2e⁻
______________________
Zn + Ni⁺² → Zn⁺² + Ni
The above reaction is spontaneous reaction.
Thus, from the above conclusion we can say that half-reaction is Zn → Zn⁺² + 2e⁻ which is most likely occur at the anode to produce a spontaneous reaction.
Hence, option (B) is correct answer.
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In an experiment trying to dissolve sugar in water, a person boils water in a pot on the stove and then puts the water and the sugar in a cup. That person times how long it takes to dissolve the sugar.
Which of the following factors is this person testing?
Answers
The factors for dissolving sugar.
Warmth or Fahrenheit minus 0.2 ranges Celsius dissolves the sugar in water. because of sugar's soluble nature, it's miles present at any temperature or stress in liquid water. about 10 mins for this.
Time will depend upon many stuff.Quantity of Sugar: extra sugar - extra timeAmount of water: extra water- much less timeThe temperature of water: better the temperature- much less timeWhether the contents are being stirred. With stirring- much less timeThe crystal size of sugar. excellent sugars - less time. Coarse sugar- greater time.Sugar dissolves quicker in hot water than it does in bloodless water due to the fact warm water has extra strength than bloodless water. whilst water is heated, the molecules benefit energy and, therefore, pass quicker. As they flow faster, they come into contact with the sugar more often, inflicting them to dissolve more quickly.
The dissolution of sugar in water is a bodily change because it no longer brings about the formation of a new substance. it's miles a reversible alternative as sugar and water may be extracted and returned from the solution through the method of crystallization observed by evaporation.
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looking at the 1h nmr spectrum of deet acquired at room temperature, why are there two broad singlets at 3.2 and 3.5 ppm, and also two broad singlets at 1.1 and 1.2 ppm? which protons do these correspond to? what should they look like?
Answers
The two broad singlets at 3.2 and 3.5 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum of DEET acquired at room temperature correspond to the protons of the methylene groups adjacent to the oxygen atom. These protons are shielded from the magnetic field by the oxygen atom, resulting in a broad signal.
The two broad singlets at 1.1 and 1.2 ppm correspond to the protons of the ethyl groups. These protons are shielded by the adjacent carbon atoms and are also deshielded by the electronegative oxygen atom, resulting in a broad signal. The broad singlets are indicative of the presence of spin-spin coupling, which causes the signals to broaden.
The shape of these signals would be approximately Gaussian due to the coupling between adjacent protons.
The slight difference in chemical shift is due to the different chemical environments of these protons. The two broad singlets at 1.1 ppm and 1.2 ppm correspond to the six protons of the two methyl groups (N(CH3)2) attached to the nitrogen atom.
The broadness of these singlets can be attributed to hindered rotation around the N-C bond at room temperature, leading to a slightly different chemical environment for the protons in each methyl group.
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Answer it answer it answer it
Answers
Answer:
\(\Large \boxed{\mathrm{A}}\)
Explanation:
Rust formed from iron and oxygen combining is a chemical change, because in a chemical change, the resulting substance(s) will have different properties from the substance(s) before the chemical change.
I cant comment... So is it Right?
You are compiling the temperature profile of a lake, which requires taking temperature readings at different depths. You collect the following data:
What depth range does the epilimnion occupy in this lake?
a. 0 to 3
b. 8 to 12
Answers
The depth range of the epilimnion in this lake is most likely a. 0 to 3 meters. Option A is correct.
To determine the depth range of the epilimnion, we need to identify the layer of the lake where the temperature change is most rapid, which indicates the transition between the warm surface layer and the colder deep layer.
Looking at the temperature readings, we can see that there is a significant temperature difference between the surface layer (0-3 meters) and the layer below (4-7 meters).
However, the temperature change between 4-7 meters and 8-12 meters is not as dramatic, indicating that the transition between the warm surface layer and the colder deep layer occurs somewhere between 3 and 8 meters.
Hence, A. 0 to 3 is the correct option.
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what is a Chromosphere
Answers
Answer:
The area of a star's atmosphere between its photosphere and corona, such as that of the sun, is referred to as its chromospheric region
3. An object that has a volume of 2500 cm³ is dropped into a vat of corn syrup. What is the buoyant force on the object? (The density of corn syrup is 1.38 g/cm³.)
Answers
Answer:3.381 X 10^(-11)
Explanation:
The formula for buoyant force is F = -Volume*density*gravitational acceleration. Convert volume and density to SI units and then apply them in the formula where gravitational acceleration is 9.8m/s^2. Done
A student heated reddish-brown copper metal in greenish-yellow chlorine gas. The copper glowed red-hot and a blue solid was formed. Is this a chemical or physical change? Give two reasons for your answer.
Answers
Answer:
The student's experiment represents a chemical change. Two reasons for this are:
Explanation:
- The formation of a blue solid indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred between the copper metal and the chlorine gas. The blue solid is likely to be copper chloride, which is formed when copper reacts with chlorine.
- The fact that the copper metal glowed red-hot also indicates that a chemical reaction occurred. When copper reacts with chlorine, energy is released in the form of heat and light. This is why the copper metal glowed red-hot during the reaction.
In summary, the formation of a new substance (copper chloride) and the release of energy in the form of heat and light are both indications that a chemical change occurred during the student's experiment.
The cooper metal's red-hot glow is yet another sign that a chemical occurred. Heat & light are both produced as a result of the action of copper and chlorine. the copper metal lit up strongly during the reaction.
If reddish brown cooper metal is heated, does it form a hard black top or not?Copper oxidises to become copper. Copper is reduced to copper (I) oxides is heated in air, or the reddish brown metallic changes into black as it's oxidation to copper (II) ions. As a result, copper becomes copper oxide.
Why does hot copper turn black?Copper () oxide, that is black in color, is produced as copper dust heat in a shallow tray combines with oxygen in the air. The corrosion of copper resulted inside the black color.
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Which of the following have the empirical formula CHO?
Proteins
None of these
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Answers
Out of the given options, none of the following have the empirical formula CHO.
The empirical formula is the simplest formula for a compound that reflects the ratio of elements present in the compound. It gives the ratio of atoms of different elements in the compound. The empirical formula can be different from the molecular formula.
Lipids are the biomolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO) in a different ratio. They are the esters of fatty acids and glycerol. They are also known as fats or oils. They are the major component of cell membranes. Lipids include fats, phospholipids, and steroids.
Nucleic acids are macromolecules composed of nucleotide units. Nucleotide units consist of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. They are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. The empirical formula of nucleic acids is C5H4O2N3P. They contain nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. They do not have the empirical formula CHO.
Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acids. They have a complex structure. Proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Some proteins also contain sulfur and phosphorus. Therefore, they do not have the empirical formula CHO. Thus, out of the given options, none of the following have the empirical formula CHO.
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A summary of what you have learned from a scientific experiment is called a(n)
a.
hypothesis.
b.
inquiry.
c.
conclusion.
d.
law.
Answers
Answer: C
Here is how I used Process of Elimination:
An hypothesis is your guess before you conduct the experiment.
An inquiry is when you ask for information.
A law is a statement based on repeated experiments.
The answer had to be conclusion.
Hope it helps!
a conclusion is the answer
good luck :)
if you add 6 g of the compound to in 50 ml of water and add 25 ml of ether, how much of the compound x can be extracted to the organic layer? how much will remain in the aqueous layer?
Answers
A larger portion of the compound X would be extracted to the organic layer, and a smaller amount would remain in the aqueous layer.
To determine how much of the compound X can be extracted to the organic layer and how much will remain in the aqueous layer, we need more information such as the solubility of the compound in water and ether. Without this information, we cannot provide a specific answer.
However, generally speaking, if the compound X is more soluble in ether than in water, it will preferentially partition into the organic layer. In this case, a larger portion of the compound X would be extracted to the organic layer, and a smaller amount would remain in the aqueous layer.
On the other hand, if the compound X is more soluble in water than in ether, it would primarily stay in the aqueous layer, with only a small fraction being extracted to the organic layer.
The solubility characteristics of the compound X and the partition coefficient between water and ether are crucial factors in determining the distribution of the compound between the two layers.
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The fact that water is attracted to itself, a property called , leads to another important property, the liquid form of water is dense than the solid form. As water solidifies into ice, the molecules must move apart in order to fit into a crystal lattice structure, causing water to expand as it freezes. Because of this, and water sinks, which keeps the oceans liquid and prevents them from freezing solid from the bottom up.
Answers
As the first blank is already filled, this first property is called the Cohesive property of water, which is what makes it possible to clump together into drops, due to their intermolecular forces.
The second blank is talking about density, and as we can see in our daily lives, ice is less dense than water, therefore in this blank liquid water will be MORE dense than ice, this is due to the hydrogen bonds and the orientation in which they are causing the molecules to push farther apart.
As we have discussed in the second blank, this 3rd blank is ICE FLOATS
The reaction between NO(g) and O2(g) produces a single product. The reaction occurs in a rigid reaction vessel represented in the diagram above. Which of the following statements correctly predicts the change in average molecular velocity of the molecules as the reaction goes to completion at constant temperature and provides the correct explanation
Answers
The average molecular velocity of the molecules will decrease as the reaction goes to completion at a constant temperature.
What is Molecular velocity?
Molecular velocity is the average speed of molecules in a sample of matter. It is determined by the temperature of the sample, with higher temperatures resulting in higher molecular velocities.
This is because the reaction produces a single product, meaning that the number of molecules in the reaction vessel is decreasing as the reaction goes to completion. As the number of molecules decreases, the average molecular velocity of the molecules decreases as well.
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All generators need some source of energy to rotate the coil or magnets.
True or False
Answers
.energy mechanical needs it Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
What did the photoelectric experiment demonstrate?
A. Light can heat metal enough to produce electricity.
B. Light can deposit electrons on a metal surface.
C. Light can cause electrons to be released from the surface of a
metal.
D. Light can make metal atoms move around, producing electricity.
ASAP!!!!
Answers
Answer: C. Light can cause electrons to be released from the surface of a metal
Explanation:
Cuáles son los efectos de la temperatura, la presión y el volumen en los cambios de estado de la materia. *???
Answers
Soryyyyyy I needed pointsss
A solution of 50% dextrose 500 mL, 8.5% Aminosyn 500 mL, and sterile water for injection 300 mL is ordered. What is the total weight (in grams) of the dextrose? ANS: - What is the total weight (in grams) of Aminosyn? ANS: -20 mEq of KCI are needed in the infusion above. How many mL of KCI should be added? Stock strength available: KCl 2 mEq/mL ANS: 22 mEq of NaCl are also needed in the infusion. What volume of NaCl should be added? Stock strength available: NaCl 4.4 mEq/mL ANS: What is the total volume of solution with the original fluids and the addition of KCI and NaCI? ANS:
Answers
The total weight of dextrose is 250 grams.
The total weight of Aminosyn is 42.5 grams.
10 mL of KCI should be added.
5 mL of NaCl should be added.
The total volume of the solution with the original fluids and the addition of KCI and NaCl is 1315 mL.
To calculate the total weight of dextrose, we need to know the concentration of the 50% dextrose solution. Assuming the concentration refers to weight/volume (w/v), we can calculate the weight using the formula:
Weight of dextrose = (Concentration of dextrose * Volume of dextrose solution) / 100
Weight of dextrose = (50 * 500) / 100
Weight of dextrose = 250 g
Therefore, the total weight of dextrose is 250 grams.
To calculate the total weight of Aminosyn, we need to know the concentration of the 8.5% Aminosyn solution. Assuming the concentration refers to weight/volume (w/v), we can calculate the weight using the same formula as above:
Weight of Aminosyn = (Concentration of Aminosyn * Volume of Aminosyn solution) / 100
Weight of Aminosyn = (8.5 * 500) / 100
Weight of Aminosyn = 42.5 g
Therefore, the total weight of Aminosyn is 42.5 grams.
To calculate the volume of KCI to be added, we need to know the strength of the stock KCI solution. Assuming the stock KCI solution is 2 mEq/mL, we can calculate the volume of KCI using the formula:
Volume of KCI = (Amount of KCI needed) / (Strength of KCI solution)
Volume of KCI = 20 mEq / 2 mEq/mL
Volume of KCI = 10 mL
Therefore, 10 mL of KCI should be added.
To calculate the volume of NaCl to be added, we need to know the strength of the stock NaCl solution. Assuming the stock NaCl solution is 4.4 mEq/mL, we can calculate the volume of NaCl using the formula:
Volume of NaCl = (Amount of NaCl needed) / (Strength of NaCl solution)
Volume of NaCl = 22 mEq / 4.4 mEq/mL
Volume of NaCl = 5 mL
Therefore, 5 mL of NaCl should be added.
The total volume of the solution with the original fluids and the addition of KCI and NaCl can be calculated by adding the volumes of all the components:
Total volume = Volume of dextrose solution + Volume of Aminosyn solution + Volume of sterile water + Volume of KCI + Volume of NaCl
Total volume = 500 mL + 500 mL + 300 mL + 10 mL + 5 mL
Total volume = 1315 mL
Therefore, the total volume of the solution is 1315 mL.
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How can we prepare for climate change??
Plzzzzzzzz helppppppo
Answers
Answer:
WE start by having all the thing s that would be necessary at that time so we would have to worry about what we don't or won't have if you do before hand.
Explanation:
A certain atom contains 53 protons, 78 neutrons, and 54 electrons. What is the mass number of this atom?.
Answers
The mass number of this atom having 53 protons, 78 neutrons, and 54 electrons will be 131.
In the field of science, we can describe a mass number of an atom as simply a measure of the protons and neutrons that are to be found in the nucleus of an atom. In chemistry, the mass number is denoted by the letter 'A'.
In the above-mentioned case, the number of protons of the atom is 53 whereas the number of neutrons is 78.
In order to calculate the mass number, we will add the number of protons and neutrons. As the result of the addition of 53+78 is 131 hence, the mass number will be 131.
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A given substance has a melting point of -7 oC and a boiling point of 59 oC. This substance exists as a ____________ at room temperature conditions. Note: room temperature is 25 oC.
Answers
A given substance that has a melting point of -7C and a boiling point of 59C exists as a liquid at room temperature conditions.
What are the states of matter?The states of matter refer to the separation of the molecules of a given material in certain temperature conditions.
The states of the matter are three and include the gaseous state, liquid state and solid-state.
In conclusion, a given substance that has a melting point of -7C and a boiling point of 59C exists as a liquid at room temperature conditions.
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3.00 g of AgNO3 is used to make how many moles of Ag with excess Cu
Cu + AgNO3 à Cu(NO3)2 + Ag
Answers
According stoichiometry and balanced chemical equation,as 339.74 g produces 2 moles , therefore 3 g is produced by 0.017 moles of silver.
What is stoichiometry?Stoichiometry is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.
Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.
In the given example, according to balanced chemical equation as 339.74 g of silver nitrate produces 2 moles,
∴3 g of silver nitrate will produce 3×2/339.74=0.017 moles.
Therefore, 3.00 g of AgNO₃ is used to make 0.017 moles of silver.
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