Which scientist suggested that the earth was at the center of the solar system?.

Answer:

Range is 57.723 m

Explanation:

- From first newton's equation of motion;

\({ \boxed{ \pmb{v = u + gt} }}\)

At maximum height reached; v = 0 [vertical motion], g is negative because velocity decreases as height is increasing

\({ \tt{v = u + gt}} \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \\ { \tt{0 = u \sin( \theta) + ( - g)t}} \\ { \tt{u \sin( \theta) = gt }} \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \\ \\ { \tt{t = \frac{u \sin( \theta) }{g} }} \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \)

- Therefore, to get total time of flight, T;

\({ \tt{T = \frac{2u \sin( \theta) }{g} }} \\ \)

- For horizontal motion; g = 0. Consider second equation of motion;

\({ \tt{s = ut + \frac{1}{2} {gt}^{2} }} \\ \)

Let range be R

\({ \tt{R = uT + \frac{1}{2} (0)T}} \\ \\ { \tt{R = uT}} \\ \\ { \boxed{ \tt{R = \frac{2 {u}^{2} \sin( \theta) }{g} }}}\)

- Above is the formular of finding range;

From the question, u = 20 m/s and theta = 45°

\({ \tt{R = \frac{2(20) {}^{2} \sin(45 \degree) }{9.8} }} \\ \\ { \tt{R = \frac{400 \sqrt{2} }{9.8} }} \\ \\ { \tt{R = 57.723 \: m}}\)

Answer: b the masses will hang higher

Explanation:

F=kx

increasing the spring constant/stiffness means stretch distance is decreased, which causes it to hang higher

Answer:

W = 98 J

Explanation:

Given hat,

Force, F = 5 N

It is lifted 2 m off the ground.

We need to find the amount of work done. We know that, the work done by an object is given by the product of force and displacement. So,

W = Fd

or

W = mgd

Put all the values,

W = 5 × 9.8 × 2

W = 98 J

So, the work done is equal to 98 J.

Answer:

Option C is correct.

The resistance of the TV = 68.6 ohms.

Explanation:

According to Ohm's law, the voltage across a device is equal to the product of the current through the device and the resistance across the device.

Since electrical appliances are setup in parallel connection, the voltage across the TV and the PlayStation is the same and is 120 V.

V = IR (From Ohm's law)

V = voltage across the TV = 120 V

I = current flowing through the TV = 1.75 A

R = Resistance of the TV = ?

120 = 1.75 × R

R = (120/1.75) = 68.57 ohms = 68.6 ohms.

Hope this Helps!!!

Answer:

It increases the wave energy

The initial temperature of the hot glass prism was 81.2°C.

A transparent object having two triangular ends and three rectangular sides is known as glass prism.

As we know, Q = mcΔT

Q is heat transferred, m is the of the water, c is specific heat capacity of water, ΔT is change in temperature of the water.

Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, heat lost by hot glass prism is equal to heat gained by the water:

Q_lost = Q_gained

Heat lost by the hot glass prism can be calculated as: Q_lost = mcΔT

m is mass of the glass prism and ΔT is difference between initial temperature of prism (T_i) and final temperature of the water (25°C).

Heat gained by the water can be calculated as: Q_gained = mcΔT

m is mass of the water and c is specific heat capacity of water.

mcΔT = mcΔT_g

T_i = (ΔT_g / ΔT) x 25°C

Heat transferred from the glass prism to water is: Q = mcΔT = 100 g x 0.664 J/(g °C) x (25°C - T_i)

ΔT_g = T_i - T_hot = - (25°C - T_i)

100 g x 0.664 J/(g °C) x (25°C - T_i) = 300 g x 4.184 J/(g °C) x (25°C - 22°C)

T_i = 81.2°C

Therefore,  initial temperature of the hot glass prism was 81.2°C.

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Answer:

Potential energy

Explanation:

Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position––gravitational energy. There are several forms of potential energy. Electrical Energy is the movement of electrical charges. Everything is made of tiny particles called atoms.

- Scientific Forms of Energy_ Stored Energy, Kinetic Energy ...ei.lehigh.edu › learners › energy › readings › energy_basics

The energy required to accelerate a particle to speeds of 0.5c, 0.9c, and 0.99c can be calculated as 1.15E₀, 2.29E₀, and 7.08E₀, respectively, where E₀ represents the rest energy of the particle.

Einstein's mass-energy equivalence states that the total energy (E) of an object is equal to its mass (m) multiplied by the speed of light (c) squared, E = mc². To calculate the energy required to accelerate a particle to a specific speed, we need to consider the relativistic effects.

To express the energy in terms of the rest energy (E₀), we divide the total energy (E) by mc², resulting in E/E₀. Thus, for speeds of 0.5c, 0.9c, and 0.99c, we can calculate the energy required as follows:

a) For a speed of 0.5c:

  E/E₀ = (mc²)/(mc²) = 1E₀

  The energy required is equal to the rest energy.

b) For a speed of 0.9c:

  E/E₀ = γmc²/mc² = γ = 1/(1 - v²/c²)^(1/2)

  Here, v = 0.9c, so γ = 2.29

  The energy required is 2.29E₀.

c) For a speed of 0.99c:

  E/E₀ = γmc²/mc² = γ = 1/(1 - v²/c²)^(1/2)

  Here, v = 0.99c, so γ = 7.08

  The energy required is 7.08E₀.

Therefore, the energy required to accelerate a particle to speeds of 0.5c, 0.9c, and 0.99c is 1.15E₀, 2.29E₀, and 7.08E₀, respectively, where E₀ represents the rest energy of the particle.

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Answer:

5 pounds of force in the opposite direction

Explanation:

If a ball is rolling 5 pounds of force, to stop this ball, we would require 5 pounds of force in the opposite direction.

A force is a pull or push on a body. It can be with contact or without any contact.

Therefore, to stop this body direct an equal and opposite amount of force to it.

Based on Newton's third law of motion "action and reaction forces are equal and opposite in their actions"

Answer:

The average velocity from 5 to 6 seconds is -27 m/s

Answer:

B. 0.4 N/cm

Explanation:

While stretching a spring 20 cm past its natural length, it exerts a force of 8 N. What is the spring constant of this spring is 0.4 N / cm, the correct option is B.

The spring constant is used to define the stiffness of the spring, the greater the value of the spring constant stiffer the spring and it is more difficult to stretch the spring.

The mathematical relation for calculating the spring constant is as follows

F = - Kx

where F represents the Force

x represents the amount of stretch in the spring

K represents the value of the spring constant

For given problem

F= 8 N and x = 20 cm

K = F/x

   =8/20 N/ cm

   =0.4 N / cm

The spring constant for the spring is 0.4 N/ cm

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Answer:

The average speed of the cyclist is 18 \(\frac{km}{hour}\)

Explanation:

Speed ​​is a magnitude that expresses the relationship between the space traveled by an object, the time used for it and its direction. Because it considers direction, it is a vector quantity.

Then the average speed is the quotient of the space traveled by an object and the time it takes to cover the distance traveled:

\(speed=\frac{distance}{time}\)

In this case:

Replacing:

\(speed=\frac{90 km}{5 hours}\)

Solving:

\(speed=18\frac{ km}{ hour}\)

The average speed of the cyclist is 18 \(\frac{km}{hour}\)

When you change the thickness of the wire in a circuit, option B. the resistance (R) and current (I) will also change, but the voltage (V) will remain constant.

The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area (thickness). As the thickness of the wire changes, the cross-sectional area changes, which in turn affects the resistance. Thicker wires have a larger cross-sectional area, resulting in lower resistance, while thinner wires have a smaller cross-sectional area, resulting in higher resistance. Therefore, changing the thickness of the wire will cause a change in resistance.

According to Ohm's Law (V = IR), the voltage (V) in a circuit is equal to the product of the current (I) and the resistance (R). If the voltage is kept constant, and the resistance changes due to the thickness of the wire, the current will also change to maintain the relationship defined by Ohm's Law. When the resistance increases, the current decreases, and vice versa.

However, it's important to note that changing the thickness of the wire will not directly affect the voltage. The voltage in a circuit is determined by the power source or the potential difference applied across the circuit and is independent of the wire thickness. As long as the voltage source remains constant, the voltage across the circuit will remain constant regardless of the wire thickness. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

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Answer:

This downward force and acceleration results in a downward displacement from the position that the object would be if there were no gravity. The force of gravity does not affect the horizontal component of motion; a projectile maintains a constant horizontal velocity since there are no horizontal forces acting upon it

The magnitude of F must be equal to the mass of the canister multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity, or F = mg = 20 kg x 9.8 m/s2 = 196 N.

Acceleration is a measure of the rate at which an object changes its velocity. It is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time, and is usually denoted by the symbol a. Acceleration may be zero, positive, or both. Positive acceleration indicates that the velocity of an object is increasing, while negative acceleration indicates that its velocity is decreasing. Zero acceleration means that an object's velocity is constant. A vector quantity called acceleration is often quantified in meters per seconds squared (m/s2).
The end of the cable has to be tugged by 2.0 cm × 2 = 4.0 cm in order to raise the canister up 2.0 cm.
The work done on the canister by the force via the cord is equal to the force applied multiplied by the distance, or W = Fd = 196 N x 0.04 m = 7.84 J.
The work done on the canister by the gravitational force is equal to the gravitational force multiplied by the distance, or W = mgd = 20 kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 0.02 m = 39.2 J.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Force equal to resistive force will be applied for movement . So force applied

F = 220 N .

displacement = 2800 m

work done against resistive force

= force x displacement

= 220 x 2800 J

= 6.16 x 10⁵ J .

The tendency of people to judge the most well-known alternative higher in value is referred to as the mere exposure effect.

Mere exposure is a psychological phenomenon in which individuals prefer stimuli that they have previously encountered over those that are unfamiliar. It implies that simply seeing something multiple times is sufficient to increase one's preference for it.

The phenomenon occurs as a result of a person's lack of familiarity with an object, which leads to a lack of trust in the object. According to the mere exposure hypothesis, this uncertainty is reduced as the object is encountered multiple times.The mere exposure effect is a powerful effect that has been demonstrated in a variety of studies. It may also be seen in both real-life and experimental settings. It has implications for branding, marketing, and advertising, among other things. For example, the more an individual sees a brand's logo, the more likely they are to prefer it.

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Foundation: Use a deep and sturdy foundation that extends below the frost line and is anchored to bedrock. Consider foundations or caissons, which can better withstand lateral forces during an earthquake.

Structural System: Utilize a seismic-resistant structural system such as reinforced concrete or steel framing with appropriate bracing and cross-bracing configurations. Consider incorporating a moment-resisting frame or a shear wall system, which can provide enhanced lateral stability during seismic events.

Dampers and Isolators: Include seismic dampers or isolators in the structural system to absorb or dissipate seismic energy. These can be installed at various locations, such as between floors or in the foundation, to reduce the impact of seismic forces on the building.

Diaphragms: Strengthen diaphragms, which are horizontal structural elements such as floors and roofs, to improve their resistance to lateral loads during an earthquake. Consider using diaphragms made of materials such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) or steel decking, which can provide additional stiffness and strength.

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Answer:

The helium molecules move closer together when it's cold causing the balloon to deflate

Explanation:

The possible reason behind it is: the temperature of outside was low, so the Helium gas inside the balloon compressed and  it was partially deflated at the car. When she returned to the house, temperature of the gas of the balloon rises again and  it was fully inflated again.

The experimental gas law known as Charles' law, commonly referred to as the law of volumes, illustrates how gases tend to expand when heated. Charles's law can now be expressed as follows:

The Kelvin temperature and the volume will be directly proportional when the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is kept constant.

This direct proportional relationship can be expressed as follows:

V∝T.

Hence, as the temperature is low outside the house, the balloon was partially deflated at the car and the temperature rises again when it was inside the house, so  it was fully inflated again inside the house.

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With the use of the second equation of motion formula, the speed the car travelled when the rockets were fired is 12 m/s.

Linear motion depicts movement in a straight line. While speed is the distance travelled per time taken.

Given that In a test run, a rocket-powered car is driving down a test track at a constant speed when the rockets are fired. it then accelerates at 4 m/s2 for 8.0 s covering a distance of 224 m.

The given parameters are;

The speed the car travelled when the rockets were fired can be calculated by using the below formula

s = ut + 1/2a\(t^{2}\)

Substitute all the parameters into the formula

224 = 8u + 1/2 x 4 x \(8^{2}\)

224 =8u + 2 x 64

224 = 8u + 128

224 - 128 = 8u

8u = 96

u = 96/8

u = 12 m/s

Therefore, the speed the car travelled when the rockets were fired is 12 m/s.

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Stars form from molecular clouds through a process known as stellar formation.

These clouds, characterized by low temperatures and high densities, provide the ideal conditions for atoms to combine and form molecules. With a mass range spanning from a few solar masses to millions of solar masses, molecular clouds serve as the birthplaces of new stars. The Pleiades cluster serves as a notable example of stars that have recently formed within such a stellar nursery.

The formation of stars from molecular clouds involves several key steps. Firstly, gravitational forces acting on regions of higher density within the cloud cause them to collapse under their own gravity. As the cloud collapses, it begins to fragment into smaller, denser clumps called protostellar cores. These cores continue to collapse, and their central regions become increasingly dense and hot. At this stage, they are known as protostars.

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The resonant frequencies for an open organ pipe of fixed length l are given by the formula f = nf₀/2l, where n is an integer and f₀ is the fundamental frequency.

An open organ pipe is a tube that is open at both ends. When air is blown into the pipe, sound waves are produced and resonate inside the tube. The resonant frequencies of the pipe are determined by the length of the tube. The fundamental frequency, or first harmonic, is the lowest frequency that can be produced by the pipe and is given by f₀ = v/2l, where v is the speed of sound.

The other resonant frequencies, or harmonics, are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency and are given by the formula f = nf₀/2l, where n is an integer. For example, the second harmonic has a frequency of 2f₀, the third harmonic has a frequency of 3f₀, and so on. The resonant frequencies of an open organ pipe of fixed length l are important in determining the notes that can be played on the pipe.

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The distance the red ball travelled between 12 s and 24 s is 2116.8 m

Free fall is motion under gravity.

If we assume the red ball is falling freely, it has an initial velocity of zero.

Using the equation of motion s = ut - 1/2gt², we find the distance it travels or height it drops after the given time. where

So, s = ut - 1/2gt²

s = 0 × t - 1/2gt²

s = -1/2gt²

Since the distance the red ball falls is s = -1/2gt² with t = 12 s, we have

s = -1/2gt²

= -1/2 × 9.8 m/s² × (12 s)²

= -1/2 × 9.8 m/s² × 144 s²

= -4.9 m/s² × 144 s²

= -705.6 m

Since the distance the red ball falls is s = -1/2gt² with t = 24 s, we have

s' = -1/2gt²

= -1/2 × 9.8 m/s² × (24 s)²

= -1/2 × 9.8 m/s² × 576 s²

= -4.9 m/s² × 576 s²

= -2822.4 m

So, the distance the red ball travelled between 12 s and 24 s is d = s' - s

= -2822.4 m - (-705.6 m)

= -2822.4 m + 705.6 m

= -2116.8 m

So, the distance the red ball travelled between 12 s and 24 s is 2116.8 m

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As the slit separation in a double-slit experiment is increased, several changes can be observed in the resulting interference pattern:

Wider Fringes: The fringes, or bands of constructive and destructive interference, become wider. This is because increasing the slit separation leads to a larger distance between the two interfering waves, resulting in a greater variation in the path length difference.

Smaller Angular Spacing: The angular spacing between adjacent bright or dark fringes decreases. This means that the pattern becomes more compressed, with the fringes appearing closer together as the slit separation increases.

Diminished Intensity: The intensity of the bright fringes decreases. As the slit separation increases, the interference becomes less pronounced, resulting in a reduction in the brightness of the fringes.

Decreased Visibility of Interference Pattern: If the slit separation becomes too large, the interference pattern may start to fade away. The individual slits start to act more like separate light sources, and the characteristic interference pattern becomes less distinct.

Overall, increasing the slit separation in a double-slit experiment alters the appearance of the interference pattern, leading to wider fringes, smaller angular spacing, diminished intensity, and potentially reduced visibility of the interference effects.

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The carbon cycle refers to the processes by which carbon in the biosphere is recycled. Photosynthesis sucks carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, while cellular respiration releases it into the environment. Photosynthesis is the process by which solar energy reaches a plant and is converted into glucose.

How photosynthesis and cellular respiration are similar:

Photosynthesis is a method by which plants and other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy, which is then released to fuel the organism's metabolic activities through cellular respiration.

The net force acting on the two (2) kids is equal to 180 Newton.

Given the following data:

To determine the net force acting on the two (2) kids:

First of all, we would calculate the total mass of the two (2) kids:

\(Total\;mass = 50+40\)

Total mass = 90 kg.

In this exercise, you're required to calculate the magnitude of the net force that is acting on these two (2) kids running down the hall. Thus, we would apply Newton's Second Law of Motion.

Mathematically, Newton's Second Law of Motion is given by this formula;

\(Net\;force = mass \times acceleration\)

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

\(Net\;force = 90 \times 2\)

Net force = 180 Newton.

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Due to friction, it was converted to heat when the bicycle stopped and stopped. When the moving bicycle coasted to a stop, what happened to its energy

without difficulty or effort, advance or succeed: While I battled, my sister breezed through school and had excellent honours. SMART Vocabulary includes associated terms and expressions.

This may be a defence strategy that prevents from becoming overpowered or dealing with emotions we don't understand how to handle, or it may simply be a way to help us "push through." Simply put, you may be coasting if you find it difficult to exert the same level of effort, desire, or interest in daily activities.

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Diane Dodd's experiments using fruit flies demonstrated the evolution of reproductive isolation.

Diane Dodd conducted experiments with fruit fly populations raised on different food sources and observed that after approximately 40 generations, reproductive isolation began to occur. This means that the different populations of fruit flies became reproductively isolated from each other, leading to the formation of separate species. Reproductive isolation is a key concept in evolutionary biology, as it plays a crucial role in the formation of new species. Dodd's experiments provided empirical evidence for the process of speciation, showing that changes in the environment and genetic variation can lead to reproductive isolation and the divergence of populations over time. These findings contribute to our understanding of how new species arise and the mechanisms driving evolutionary change.

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